CN110264463A - A kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing - Google Patents

A kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing Download PDF

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CN110264463A
CN110264463A CN201910555672.1A CN201910555672A CN110264463A CN 110264463 A CN110264463 A CN 110264463A CN 201910555672 A CN201910555672 A CN 201910555672A CN 110264463 A CN110264463 A CN 110264463A
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image
active parts
counting method
matlab
method based
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崔怡
周锦华
要晋宇
卢迪
徐巧童
王珊
王婕
石华
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Beijing Experimental Factory Co Ltd
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Beijing Experimental Factory Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/20Image enhancement or restoration using local operators
    • G06T5/30Erosion or dilatation, e.g. thinning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/10Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/11Region-based segmentation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/10Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/187Segmentation; Edge detection involving region growing; involving region merging; involving connected component labelling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30242Counting objects in image

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Material image is read in a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing, (1);(2) using segmentation counting method, the material image read to step (1) is analyzed, and identifies the active parts image in material image;(3) gray processing processing is carried out to step (2) active parts image, then treated that active parts image is converted into only black and white image by gray processing;(4) binarization method is used, binary conversion treatment is carried out to the black and white image of step (3), obtains bianry image;(5) bianry image of step (4) is subjected to Morphological scale-space, obtained bianry image is corroded, to the N number of pixel of internal corrosion, then M pixel is expanded outward again, the interference in bianry image is removed, until seeing that adjacent active parts boundary generates obvious distance in bianry image;(6) connected domain is finally marked, is a target by pixel detection in connected domain, finally counts destination number, as active parts quantity, realize that surface mounting component material image in bulk is checked.

Description

A kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material counting methods based on matlab image procossing, belong to electronic informzation technique neck Domain.
Background technique
Matlab software is a kind of advanced skill calculated for algorithm development, data visualization, data analysis and numerical value Art computational language and interactive environment are a wieldy emulation technology software, as high-power servo-system electronics produces The fast development of product, surface mounting component type tend to diversification, diversification, fining, and electronic product fills in connection, and component is in bulk Form provides, this just checks material and brings difficulty, and causing Operational preparation process, time-consuming, especially the most with capacitance-resistance class component It is prominent.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that are as follows: it overcomes the shortage of prior art, provides a kind of based on matlab image procossing Surface mounting component counting method is based on matlab software development, carries out control to manual counting method and improves with emulation technology, realizes Surface mounting component material image in bulk is checked.
The technical solution that the present invention solves are as follows: a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing, steps are as follows:
(1) it using electronic product component as material, shoots material image and inputs;
(2) using segmentation counting method, the material image information of step (1) input is analyzed, identifies material image In active parts;
(3) gray processing processing carried out to step (2) active parts image, then by gray processing treated active parts image It is converted into only black and white image;
(4) binarization method is used, binary conversion treatment is carried out to the black and white image of step (3), obtains binary map Picture;
(5) bianry image of step (4) is subjected to Morphological scale-space, i.e., obtained bianry image is corroded, inwardly Corrode N number of pixel, then expand M pixel outward again, wherein (N ﹥ M), removes the interference in bianry image, until seeing Adjacent effective material boundary generates apparent objective contour in bianry image;
(6) pixel detection in connected domain is a target by the label connected domain of last adjacent active parts, final to count Destination number out realizes checking for material as active parts quantity.
Preferably, material image is material similar in surface mounting component and other forms;Material image, be surface mounting component and The image photograph of material similar in other forms:
Preferably, active parts, specifically: according to the target devices that the extracted Pixel Information of device identifies, with area Not in other objects.
Preferably, the material image of reading is analyzed, identifies the active parts in material image, specifically: it will It wants the active parts in material to be identified to separate from material image by extracting feature, identifies active parts.
Preferably, by gray processing, treated that active parts image is converted into only black and white image, specifically: choosing Take a threshold value as the line of demarcation for handling black and white image, if the gray scale of gray processing treated image pixel is if be less than The threshold value, then be set as black, and use 0 indicates;Otherwise, it is set as white, use 0 indicates.
Preferably, after carrying out gray processing processing to step (2) active parts image, by gray processing treated effective device Before part image is converted into only black and white image, the contrast of image after adjustment gray processing processing is that is, bright in adjustment image The disparity range of dark areas brightness level, so that the image information of active parts is more obvious.
Preferably, using binarization method, specifically: it is automatic from black and white image using Otsu threshold method (Otus) It chooses, i.e., is chosen using the maximum automatic Selection of Image Threshold of inter-class variance, form bianry image.
Preferably, adjacent active parts boundary generates apparent distance, specifically: it is the distinguishable distance out of human eye.
Preferably, connected region is detected as 1 target, preferably are as follows: by all pixels connected region in connected region It is detected as 1 target.
It preferably, is a target by pixel detection in connected region, specifically: if there is 8 pixels or more in connected domain It connects together, decides that it is position where an active parts, that is, determine an active parts.
Preferably, material includes surface mounting component, standard component.
Preferably, material image is preferably that device in bulk (i.e. material) is placed horizontally at the station for being laid with antistatic mat applying On, the normal of camera focal plane is shot perpendicular to desktop, and the image of shooting is required with this.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the invention proposes to open based on matlab software Hair carries out control to artificial counting method and improves with emulation technology, realizes the technical solution of material image counting method.
(2) it is artificial to improve conventional bulk material for a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the invention Counting method realizes that automation is checked;
(3) a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the invention, improving material check efficiency, reduce Material checks the time, avoids material quantity mistake of statistics;
(4) a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the invention will be read by " segmentation counting method " The image taken is split, and by the analysis to input picture, the material that will be checked identify simultaneously certainly by feature extraction Dynamic label.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is method implementation flow chart of the invention;
Fig. 2 is counting interface image of the invention;
Fig. 3 is gray level image of the invention;
Fig. 4 is bianry image of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the bianry image after Morphological scale-space of the invention;
Two kinds of method of counting of Fig. 6 compare histogram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the present invention, step is successively are as follows: (1) reads Take material image;(2) using segmentation counting method, the material image read to step (1) is analyzed, is identified in material image Active parts image;(3) to step (2) active parts image carry out gray processing processing, then by gray processing treated effectively Device image is converted into only black and white image;(4) binarization method is used, to the black and white image of step (3) Binary conversion treatment is carried out, bianry image is obtained;(5) bianry image of step (4) is subjected to Morphological scale-space, i.e., to two obtained Value image is corroded, and to the N number of pixel of internal corrosion, then expands M pixel outward again, is removed dry in bianry image It disturbs, until seeing that adjacent active parts boundary generates obvious distance in bianry image;(6) connected domain is finally marked, by connected domain Interior pixel detection is a target, finally counts destination number, as active parts quantity, realizes surface mounting component material in bulk Image is checked.
The present invention applies the technical field in Electronic products manufacturing, and material preparation is the primary process of electronic product welding equipment, And material covers indispensable committed step in even more production preparation together.With the swift and violent hair of aerospace electron product technology Exhibition, electronic product is increasingly sophisticated, and component develops to fining, and surface mount device volume itself is smaller and smaller, pin and walks Line is closer and closer, and part category tends to diversification, diversification, fining.In current electronic product dress connection, first device is often had Part is provided with bulk form, this just checks material and brings certain difficulty, causes Operational preparation process to take a long time, especially It is capacitance-resistance class component in bulk, quantity is more, and it is longer to check the time.The present invention is directed to manual counting method and carries out technological improvement, real Existing material image auto inventory solves time length, checks low efficiency, statistical accuracy difference and personnel's waste, improves Electronic product production efficiency.
The present invention is using segmentation counting method, and by the analysis to input picture, the material that will be checked is by extracting feature It separates, identifies which object in way is active parts, pick up relevant information, gray processing processing is carried out to image, then will be grey Degreeization treated image is converted into only black and white bianry image, threshold value is to choose a point as minute for handling image Boundary line is set as black 0 if the gray scale of image pixel is less than the threshold value;If more than the threshold value, then white 1 is set as.Using Binarization method is chosen Otsu threshold algorithm (Otus) automatically, i.e. the maximum automatic Selection of Image Threshold of inter-class variance chooses figure Picture, then image is subjected to related Morphological processing, obtained bianry image is corroded, to 4 pixels of internal corrosion, then 2 pixels of expansion outward again, remove the interference in image, until see in image adjacent two device boundaries generate significantly away from From, be more nearly after expansion relative to original image, and do not influence the identification of image, finally mark connected domain, by neighbouring 8 pixel be connected to Region detection is 1 target, if there is 8 pixels or more to connect together in image array, is considered as where this is a device Position, the final auto inventory for realizing material.
Present invention improves over the artificial counting method of conventional materials, realize that automation is checked;The present invention can be based on matlab Image processing logic exploitation, realizes image counting method;Improving material of the present invention checks efficiency, reduces material and checks the time, keeps away Exempt from material quantity mistake of statistics;By " segmentation counting method ", the image of reading is split, by dividing input picture Analysis, the material that will be checked are identified by feature extraction and are marked automatically;
--- downscaled images --- gray level image processing --- the adjustment comparison of basic ideas of the invention are as follows: shooting image Degree --- binaryzation --- Morphological scale-space --- label UNICOM domain --- processing result;
Gray level image of the invention handles preferred embodiment are as follows: the identification for image is translated into only one-dimensional Gray image, i.e., 0~255 normalize the range, indicate black to white with 0~1.Tested metering device gray value and background Colour-difference is more easy to get " 1 " value away from bigger when being converted into bianry image, i.e., white, so as to image zooming-out identification;
Binaryzation preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: treated that image need to be converted into only black and white two-value for gray processing Image.Threshold value is that the line of demarcation for choosing a point as processing image is set as if the gray scale of image pixel is less than the threshold value Black 0;If more than the threshold value, then white 1 is set as.Threshold value is using the Otsu threshold algorithm (Otus) in automatic selection method, i.e., The maximum automatic Selection of Image Threshold of inter-class variance;
Morphological scale-space preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: after bianry image generates, image need to be carried out at related Morphological Reason i.e. corrosion and expansion.The corrosion of image is to eliminate boundary point, the process for shrinking boundary internally;On the contrary, the expansion of image It is that all background dots contacted with object are merged into the object, makes boundary to the process of outside expansion.It is first for the image First obtained bianry image is corroded, to 4 pixels of internal corrosion, then expands 2 pixels outward again.Tiny is dry It has not been observed after disturbing spot corrosion, that is, has eliminated the interference in image.And it can see two devices being located next in image Part boundary produces apparent distance, is more nearly after expansion relative to original image, and does not influence the identification of image.Thus obtain Bianry image after Morphological scale-space;
Label connected domain preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: neighbouring 8 pixel connected region is detected as 1 target, is even schemed As there is 8 pixels or more to connect together in matrix, being considered as this is the position where a device, is finally counted on image altogether How many device, convenient for human eye verification observation.
The present invention can be realized material auto inventory.
A kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the present invention, steps are as follows for further preferred embodiment:
Step (1) reads material image, and preferred embodiment is as follows: inputting program in Matlab software, and will need to handle The specified file of image deposit in, click " RUN " and automatically begin to image procossing, finally obtain read material image. --- --- opening software, --- write-in program --- operation program --- reads material figure to copy photo to step are as follows: shooting image Picture.
Step (2) using segmentation counting method, analyze by the material image read to step (1), identifies material image In active parts image, preferred embodiment is as follows: by the analysis to input picture, the material that will be checked is by extracting feature It separates, identifies which object is effective material, program operation result is shown by dialog box, and in material photograph image On " * " labelled notation is drawn to the central point of each device, can conveniently manually compare.First by material be placed horizontally at laying prevent it is quiet On the station of electric mat applying, taken pictures using camera to material.Influence in view of shooting angle difference to finally counting, will Camera is horizontally fixed on station, and if not having rigid condition, also hand-holdable camera is taken pictures, and being checked material should be located at Coverage is central, and during several pictures of taking pictures, holding height distance desktop as far as possible is consistent.For the ease of processing screened figure Picture can scale by a certain percentage image pixel.The identification of image is neither influenced, and improves the speed of service of image procossing. Obtained counting interface image is as shown in Figure 2.
(3) gray processing processing carried out to step (2) active parts image, then by gray processing treated active parts image It is converted into only black and white image.Pixel is to constitute the minimum unit of digital picture, and each pixel has its corresponding color Value, preferred embodiment are as follows: operation for simplicity, the identification for image, convert colored image to the image of grey, colored Image is by three colour cell of red, green, blue at being successively translated into only by black (0 0 0) to white (255 255 255) One-dimensional gray image, i.e., 0~255;The range is normalized, indicates black to white with 0~1.Obtained image is further Adjust contrast, obtained gray level image such as Fig. 3.
(4) binarization method is used, binary conversion treatment is carried out to the black and white image of step (3), obtains binary map Picture;Preferred embodiment is as follows:
Treated that image need to be converted into only black and white bianry image for gray processing.Threshold value is to choose a point conduct The line of demarcation of image is handled, if the gray scale of image pixel is less than the threshold value, is set as black 0;If more than the threshold value, then it is arranged For white 1.For this research, there is no the background for placing material that will be shown as black on mat applying, the part for placing material will It can be shown as white.Obtained bianry image such as Fig. 4.
The threshold value of this method is using the Otsu threshold method (Otus) in automatic selection method, the i.e. maximum automatic threshold of inter-class variance It is worth choosing method, it is simple, processing speed is fast, the case where being a kind of classic algorithm, be suitble to this segmentation object of this research.
(5) bianry image of step (4) is subjected to Morphological scale-space, i.e., obtained bianry image is corroded, inwardly Corrode N number of pixel, then expand M pixel outward again, wherein (N ﹥ M), removes the interference in bianry image, until seeing The distance that the apparent distance of adjacent active parts boundary generation in bianry image, i.e. human eye are easily differentiated, relative to original image after expansion It is more nearly, and does not influence the identification of image.Preferred embodiment is as follows: firstly, the background (i.e. bench pad) of shooting photo is not It is absolutely clean, such as Fig. 3 bianry image, certain small spot is had on mat applying, can also be divided in image recognition, be shown on image It is shown as white.In final count, it is necessary to exclude the interference of these noise spots.Second, some devices are being put and (poured out) When apart from close, closely, it is necessary to its is separated, and otherwise multiple devices can be detected as a device.Therefore, it needs Related Morphological processing is carried out to image --- corrosion and expansion.The corrosion of image is to eliminate boundary point, receives boundary internally The process of contracting;On the contrary, the expansion of image is that all background dots contacted with object are merged into the object, keep boundary outside The process of portion's expansion.For the image, we corrode obtained bianry image first, to 4 pixels of internal corrosion, so Expand 2 pixels outward again afterwards.It has not been observed after tiny interference spot corrosion, that is, has eliminated the interference in image.And And it can see two adjacent device boundaries of image and produce clearer objective contour distance.Shape shown in fig. 5 is obtained State treated bianry image.
(6) pixel detection in connected domain is a target by the label connected domain of last adjacent active parts, final to count Destination number out realizes checking for material as active parts quantity.Preferred embodiment is as follows: adjacent pixel is detected For 1 target, if there is 8 pixels or more to connect together in image array, being considered as this is the position where a device.Finally It counts and shares how many a devices on image.It is in order to which human eye can be more square that red No. * will be marked on original color photo Just observation.Count results quantity is 80, is compared unanimously with artificial counting result.Illustrate that this method is feasible.
5, using the comparative experiments of artificial counting method and auto inventory material time
1) artificial counting method checks the material time
Operator's first, second that selection techniques are on close level, third, randomly select a certain number of 0805 from bulk solid packing bag Capacitor element.Loose unpacked material is counted using traditional-handwork number material mode.Record time such as the following table 1 that three people count material:
Table 1 manually counts material timetable
Unit: second
Manually 28 57 80 130 166 231 405
First 25 48 60 103 140 169 240
Second 29 55 69 95 134 175 234
Third 25 45 78 109 124 189 242
It is average 26 49 69 102 133 178 239
2) two kinds of counting method comparisons
According to result of study, a set of suitable counting method has been designed.This method is suitable for all Surface Mount capacitors Part, after the completion of program composition can once and for all detected.
Automatic material checks the time=and=tweezers separate material+photo opporunity+computer operating time.
This method tweezers separate material and do not need to be counted device as checking material by hand and carefully carry out by certain amount Stacking only needs simply to separate the material stacked.Every time according to device how much, device every 50, take about 10 seconds.
This method can handle the photo of different pixels size, simplicity of taking pictures, and about 5 seconds.
Average every photo is copied in computer about 5 seconds.The research method time is removed, after the completion of program, is checked every time Only input picture and program need to be run in the computer equipped with matlab software, 5 seconds figures that can be drawn in above method process Piece and display counting result.
Automatic material checks the total time about 25 seconds.It compares with 1 correlation test data of table, when device number is greater than 28 When, the mode speed using this automatic identification photo is faster than manual count.See Fig. 6.
2 two kinds of counting method contrast tables of table
28 57 80 130 166 231 405
The manual number material time 26 49 69 102 133 178 239
Automatic material checks the time 25 35 35 45 55 65 105
Save the time 1 14 34 57 78 113 134
Improved efficiency 3.9% 28.6% 49.7% 55.9% 58.6% 63.5% 56.1%
3) automatic material checks the popularization and application of method
The material method of checking can be used for the statistics of surface-mount resistor in bulk, capacitor class component with 50% or more raising efficiency, And also there is extensive and important application in all polymorphic similar materials.
A kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the invention proposes to be based on matlab software development, right Artificial counting method carries out control and improves with emulation technology, realizes the technical solution of material image counting method.The present invention The artificial counting method of conventional bulk material is improved, realizes that automation is checked;
A kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing of the invention, improving material check efficiency, reduce object Material checks the time, avoids material quantity mistake of statistics;The image of reading is split by the present invention by " segmentation counting method ", By the analysis to input picture, the material that will be checked is identified by feature extraction and is marked automatically.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing, it is characterised in that steps are as follows:
(1) material image is shot;
(2) using segmentation counting method, the material image information of step (1) input is analyzed, is identified in material image Active parts;
(3) gray processing processing is carried out to step (2) active parts image, then gray processing treated active parts image is converted There was only black and white image;
(4) binarization method is used, binary conversion treatment is carried out to the black and white image of step (3), obtains bianry image;
(5) bianry image of step (4) is subjected to Morphological scale-space, i.e., obtained bianry image is corroded, to internal corrosion N A pixel, then M pixel of expansion, N ﹥ M remove the interference in bianry image outward again, until seeing in bianry image Adjacent effective material boundary generates apparent objective contour;
(6) the label connected domain of last adjacent active parts, is a target by pixel detection in connected domain, finally counts mesh Quantity, which is marked, as active parts quantity realizes checking for material.
2. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: object Material is material similar in surface mounting component and other forms;Material image is the figure of material similar in surface mounting component and other forms As photo.
3. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: effectively Device, specifically: according to the target devices that the extracted Pixel Information of device identifies, to be different from other objects.
4. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: to reading The material image taken is analyzed, and identifies the active parts in material image, specifically: will have in material to be identified Effect device is separated from material image by extracting feature, identifies active parts.
5. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: will be grey Treated that active parts image is converted into only black and white image for degreeization, specifically: given threshold is as processing black and white The line of demarcation of the image of dichromatism is set as black, with 0 if the gray scale of gray processing treated image pixel is less than the threshold value It indicates;Otherwise, it is set as white, use 0 indicates.
6. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: to step Suddenly after (2) active parts image carries out gray processing processing, by gray processing, treated that active parts image is converted into is only black Before the image of white dichromatism, the contrast of image after adjustment gray processing processing, i.e., the difference of light and shade regional luminance level in adjustment image Different range, so that the image information of active parts is more obvious.
7. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use Binarization method, specifically: it is chosen automatically using Otsu threshold method (Otus) from black and white image, that is, uses inter-class variance Maximum automatic Selection of Image Threshold is chosen, and bianry image is formed.
8. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: adjacent Active parts boundary generates apparent distance, specifically: it is the distance that human eye can be told.
9. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: will even Logical region detection is 1 target, preferably are as follows: all pixels connected region in connected region is detected as a target.
10. a kind of material counting method based on matlab image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: will Pixel detection is a target in connected region, specifically: if there is 8 pixels or more to connect together in connected domain, deciding that is An active parts are determined in position where one active parts.
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Application publication date: 20190920