CN110263379B - Building indoor load calculation method with double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure - Google Patents
Building indoor load calculation method with double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building indoor load calculation method with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure, which is used for determining the generated energy of a photovoltaic component and the obtained heat of a building room based on an energy balance equation and a photovoltaic power generation model among the photovoltaic component, a middle air layer and a building wall body, analyzing the influence condition of the photovoltaic component, the middle air layer and outdoor environment parameters on the obtained heat of the building room in detail through dynamic coupling iteration between the power generation model and a heat transfer model, and calculating the building indoor load with the non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure. The invention analyzes the influence of external environment parameters, various performance parameters of the photovoltaic component and air layer size on the air conditioning load of the building wall room in detail, and can guide a designer to optimally design the air conditioning load and the electrical performance of the photovoltaic curtain wall building room through a parameter optimization method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building indoor load calculation method, in particular to a building indoor load calculation method with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure.
Background
With the development of social economy and the progress of human science and technology civilization, the higher the requirements of people on living environment, the more energy resources are inevitably consumed by the high-quality indoor environment; it was counted that in 2017, building energy consumption accounts for more than 30% of total energy consumption, which is a problem and is increasingly attracting general attention to society. At present, the existing building area in China reaches 460 hundred million square meters, and 99 percent of the building area belongs to high-energy-consumption buildings-! According to the current development speed, 20 hundred million building areas are expected to be increased annually by 2020, and the building areas are basically high-energy-consumption buildings, and the building energy consumption accounts for about 35% of the total social energy consumption at that time. Therefore, building energy conservation is one of the more direct and effective ways to alleviate the energy crisis problem.
The solar photovoltaic integrated building is a product of building energy conservation and renewable energy comprehensive utilization; the solar photovoltaic cell is integrated on the surface of the building external enclosure structure or completely replaces the external enclosure structure to form a part of the building, so that the dependence of the building on conventional energy sources can be reduced, the external surface of the building enclosure structure can be fully utilized, and the performance of the enclosure structure is improved while power generation is performed. As the roof has considerable solar energy resources and is also convenient for installing the photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic roof becomes one of the most main application forms of the integration of the photovoltaic buildings, but along with the rapid development of urban economy, the land value is higher and higher, and high-rise buildings are more and more, and for the high-rise buildings, the area of the photovoltaic power generation system arranged on the roof is limited due to the very limited area of the roof, so that the photovoltaic curtain wall can effectively supplement the insufficient installation of the roof solar photovoltaic system and is hopeful to become an important application form of the development of the distributed energy sources of the buildings. The double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall is suitable for being installed on the surface of a newly built building and is also suitable for being transformed on the surface of an established building, and because the ventilation air layer has better thermal and electrical properties, the double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall becomes the most common installation form of the photovoltaic curtain wall and is increasingly applied to green energy-saving buildings.
Because the photovoltaic module is arranged on the outer surface of the building, the extent of the absorption and the reutilization of the photovoltaic module to the external solar radiation is different at each moment in the daytime, the power generation process of the photovoltaic module and the complex thermoelectric coupling process between the photovoltaic module and the building wall body need to be analyzed in detail when the room load of the building is calculated. In some energy consumption simulation software, such as energy plus, the air layer is just equivalent to a thermal resistance, and the complex relationship between the photovoltaic module and the wall is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a building indoor load calculation method with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a building indoor load calculation method with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the solar radiation quantity received by the surface of a photovoltaic curtain wall in a unit area;
step 2, calculating initial generating capacity of the photovoltaic curtain wall system;
step 3, establishing a heat transfer equation of a photovoltaic component, an air layer and a building wall in the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall system;
and 5, calculating the indoor load of the building.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: (1) The complex double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall heat transfer equation and the photovoltaic power generation model are established, the influence of external environment parameters (irradiation, outdoor temperature and wind speed), various performance parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, peak power voltage, peak power current and temperature coefficient) of a photovoltaic module and air layer size on the air conditioning load of a building wall room is analyzed in detail, and a designer can be guided to optimally design the air conditioning load and the electrical performance of the building room of the photovoltaic curtain wall through a parameter optimization method; (2) The thermal electric coupling analysis method is adopted, multiple environmental factors and multi-boundary conditions are fully considered, decoupling and re-coupling iterative solution are carried out on the heat transfer and power generation performances between the photovoltaic component and the air layer and the building wall, and the air conditioning load and the electric performance of the building room of the photovoltaic curtain wall can be accurately calculated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of heat transfer for a two-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall system.
Fig. 2 is a photovoltaic cell equivalent circuit diagram.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a solution for thermocouple in a photovoltaic curtain wall system.
Detailed Description
A building indoor load calculation method with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The solar radiation quantity received by the surface of the photovoltaic curtain wall in unit area is calculated through the meteorological data file, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein G is 0 The solar irradiance of the upper boundary surface of the earth atmosphere is calculated as:
G 0 ＝1367[1+0.033cos(360n/365)]n is the sequential number of a certain day in the whole year, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 365; r is (r) b For the direct irradiance conversion factor, the calculation formula is:
r b ＝max[0,(cosθ/sinβ)]；G t 、G bh 、G dh 、G h the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining total surface radiation, direct horizontal radiation, scattered horizontal radiation and total horizontal radiation of the photovoltaic curtain wall in unit area; θ and β represent the incident angle of sunlight and the altitude angle of the sun, respectively; ρ is the ground average reflectivity;
(2) According to the ambient temperature T e The initial working temperature of the photovoltaic module is calculated, and a specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein T is noct Representing the battery working temperature under the NOCT working condition;
adopting an equivalent circuit five-parameter model, and calculating the initial generating capacity of the photovoltaic curtain wall system by combining the nameplate parameters of the photovoltaic module and the solar total radiation, the ambient temperature and the wind speed parameters received on the vertical face of the photovoltaic curtain wall, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
five unknown parameters in the I-V equation are photo-generated current I ph Diode reverse saturation current I o Series resistor R s Parallel resistor R sh An ideality factor a; the five unknown parameters are solved by adopting an analytical solution method according to nameplate parameters of the photovoltaic module, and the five solved parameters are determined under standard working conditions (the radiation illuminance is 1000W/m 2 The battery working temperature is 25 ℃, and then five parameter values under any real-time working condition can be obtained according to a conversion formula; and solving the I-V equation and the maximum power point by adopting a Lambert W function and iteration solving method.
(3) The heat transfer equation of the photovoltaic component, the air layer and the building wall body in the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall system is established, and the heat transfer equation specifically comprises the following three heat transfer energy balance equations:
energy balance equation for photovoltaic module:
G t ·α pv ＝P out +h poc (T pv -T e )+ε 1 h por (T pv -T e )+h pic (T pv -T a )+ε 2 h pir (T pv -T wo )
energy balance equation in air layer:
unsteady state heat transfer equation in building wall:
the two boundary conditions of this equation are:
wherein G is t Representing the total radiation intensity received by the surface of the photovoltaic module in unit area; alpha pv Represents the absorptivity of the photovoltaic module; p (P) out Representing the power generated by the photovoltaic module in unit area; h is a poc 、h pic 、h woc 、h wic The convection heat transfer coefficients of the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, the inner surface of the photovoltaic module, the outer surface of the building wall and the inner surface of the building wall are respectively represented; h is a por 、h pir 、h wor The radiation heat exchange coefficients of the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, the inner surface of the photovoltaic module and the outer surface of the building wall are respectively represented; t represents temperature, subscript pv, e, a, wo, in, out, wi, room, roomsurface represents photovoltaic module, outdoor air, air layer, exterior surface of building wall, air layer inlet, air layer outlet, interior surface of building wall, room, other wall surfaces in room, and objects, respectively; sigma is Stefan-Boltzmann constant; epsilon 1 、ε 2 、ε 3 、ε 4 Respectively representing the emissivity of the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, the inner surface of the photovoltaic module, the outer surface of the building wall and the inner surface of the building wall; c (C) a 、C wall Respectively representing the specific heat capacities of air and a building wall; ρ a 、ρ wall Respectively representing the densities of air and building walls; d (D) a Represents the cross-sectional area of the air layer; v a Representing the air flow rate in the air layer; lambda (lambda) wall Representing the heat conductivity coefficient of the building wall; a is that pv Representing the area of the photovoltaic curtain wall; l represents the thickness of the wall;
wherein, calculate the intra-air-layer air temperature formula: t (T) a ＝(T in +T out )/2；
The calculation formula for calculating the air flow velocity in the air layer is as follows:
wherein g is gravitational acceleration; h is the height of the photovoltaic curtain wall; d is the thickness of an air layer; c (C) f 、C in 、C out The friction coefficient in the air layer and the loss coefficient of the ventilation openings at the inlet and the outlet of the air layer are respectively;
(4) Carrying out iterative solution on the thermal and electrical properties of the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall by adopting a thermoelectric coupling method; the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, calculating the total solar radiation on the surface of a photovoltaic module in a unit area;
step two, calculating an initial working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module according to the ambient temperature and the total solar radiation value pv0 The calculation formula is as follows:
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thirdly, calculating the power output of the photovoltaic module by adopting an equivalent circuit five-parameter model according to the total solar irradiation and the working temperature of the photovoltaic module calculated in the last two steps, and simultaneously, respectively giving an initial value to the outer surface temperature of the building wall and the air temperature at the air layer outlet (the initial value is selected according to the environment temperature, otherwise, the coupling calculation process will not converge), and then carrying out iterative solution on the outer surface temperature of the building wall and the air temperature at the air layer outlet according to an energy balance equation in the air layer and an unsteady heat transfer equation in the building wall, so as to obtain the temperature values of the air layer and each position in the building wall;
fourth, according to the temperature of the outer surface of the building wall body, the air temperature at the air layer outlet and the power output of the photovoltaic module, which are obtained in the third step, the working temperature T of the photovoltaic module is calculated by checking in an energy balance equation of the photovoltaic module pv And judge T pv And T pv0 If the set precision requirement is met, finishing calculation and outputting a calculation result; the working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module calculated in the fourth step is calculated pv Replacement of the primary partThe working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module is calculated pv0 And then sequentially completing subsequent iterative computation, and finally outputting calculated photovoltaic module generating capacity, photovoltaic module working temperature, air average temperature in the air layer and temperature values at the inner surface and the outer surface of the building wall by a computation program until the final computation is stable.
(5) The calculation of the indoor load of the building is mainly carried out in two steps, wherein the first step is to calculate the heat gain of the wall body, and the second step is to convert the heat gain of the building enclosure structure, the internal heat dissipation and the like into the heating and air conditioning cold and heat load; for wall heating, obtaining the distribution of the temperature in the wall by solving an unsteady heat transfer equation, and then according to a calculation formula:
Q＝Q cov +Q rad ＝h wi A pv (T wi -T room )+ε 4 σA pv (T wi 4 -T roomsurface 4 ) Solving, wherein Q cov To heat exchange by convection, Q rad Heat exchange amount for radiation; for the room load, solving by adopting a radiation time coefficient in a radiation time sequence method, namely calculating the room load according to the radiation heat obtained at the current moment and the previous moment, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: q (Q) θ ＝r 0 q θ +r 1 q θ-Δτ +r 2 q θ-2Δτ …+r 23 q θ-23Δτ Wherein Q is θ Represents the current moment load, q θ-nΔτ Represents the radiant heat gain, r, at a time n hours ago n Represents the nth radiation time factor, the value of which can be calculated by the RTF method.
The invention is based on energy balance between the photovoltaic module and the building wall, the generated energy of the photovoltaic system is analyzed in detail through an equivalent circuit five-parameter model, and the generated energy of the photovoltaic module and the air conditioning load of a room of the corresponding photovoltaic curtain wall system are accurately calculated through a thermoelectric coupling calculation method.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
With reference to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a heat transfer process of a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall system in the invention is shown, and a photovoltaic module is used for absorbing solar radiation, wherein one part of the solar radiation is converted into electric energy generated by photovoltaic, and the other part of the solar radiation is converted into internal energy of the photovoltaic module to raise the temperature of the photovoltaic module; one side of the photovoltaic component with the temperature increased dissipates heat outdoors in a convection and radiation mode, and on one hand, the heat exchange by convection and the radiation heat exchange between the air flowing in the air layer and the building wall body are realized; the internal energy of the air in the heated air layer increases and is discharged to the outside through the vent hole at the upper part; the building wall body is not directly irradiated by the sun, but the temperature of the building wall body is also increased through radiation heat exchange with the photovoltaic assembly and convection heat exchange of air in the air layer, and the increased temperature of the building wall body forms air conditioning load in a building room through unsteady heat transfer in the wall body and heat exchange with indoor air and other wall bodies and the surfaces of objects; therefore, for such a complex system heat transfer process, to calculate the air conditioning load in a building room, the temperature distribution at each location in the system must be calculated; therefore, three energy balance equations are established by analyzing the heat transfer process of each part of the object in the double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall system as follows:
energy balance equation for photovoltaic module:
G t ·α pv ＝P out +h poc (T pv -T e )+ε 1 h por (T pv -T e )+h pic (T pv -T a )+ε 2 h pir (T pv -T wo )
the left side of the equation represents the total solar radiation absorbed by the photovoltaic module, and the right five items respectively represent a photovoltaic module power output item, an outdoor air heat convection item, an outdoor sky ground surface radiation heat exchange item, an air in-air heat convection item and a building wall radiation heat exchange item.
G in the formula t Representing the total amount of solar radiation on the surface of the photovoltaic module in unit area, including direct radiation, scattered radiation and ground reflection; according to the installation position, the direction and the like of the photovoltaic module, the calculation formula is adopted:
the calculation can be based on the direct radiation and scattered radiation values of the horizontal plane in the weather database.
Energy balance equation in air layer:
the left side of the equation represents the internal energy increment of air in the air layer, and the right three items respectively represent the heat convection item of the photovoltaic module and the air in the air layer, the heat convection item of the building wall and the air in the air layer and the heat taken away by the discharged air in the air layer.
Unsteady state heat transfer equation in building wall:
the two boundary conditions of this equation are:
the equation shows that the materials in the building wall body are only one, the heat transfer mode is one-dimensional unsteady heat transfer, the inner boundary condition and the outer boundary condition are both the third boundary condition, and heat exchange is carried out on the building wall body and the objects outside the boundary in a radiation and convection mode.
To obtain the temperature at each position in the double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall system by solving the energy conservation equation setThe degree distribution is needed to establish the power output P in the energy balance equation of the photovoltaic module by the detailed photovoltaic power generation model out In the invention, an equivalent circuit five-parameter model is adopted to solve, a model equivalent circuit diagram is shown in figure 2, and the relation between load current and voltage is obtained through electrical knowledge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
this equation is an implicit override equation in which the five unknown parameters in the equation are the photo-generated current I, respectively ph Diode reverse saturation current I o Series resistor R s Parallel resistor R sh And the ideal factor a is calculated according to a four-parameter model solving result and by adopting an analytic method, and the method can solve the five parameters only by providing nameplate parameters of the photovoltaic module. For the photovoltaic module, the maximum power tracking technology is basically adopted to ensure that the electric quantity generated by the photovoltaic module reaches the maximum, so when the I-V equation is solved, the implicit overrun equation is converted into a display expression of load current and load voltage through a Lambert W function, namely:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
w (X) represents a Lambert W function, and is solved by adopting a Newton iteration method in the invention; for displaying the solution values, the maximum power tracking technique may be implemented by iteratively solving for the maximum value.
After a heat transfer equation and a power generation model of a photovoltaic module in the double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall system are established, the heat transfer equation and the power generation model of the photovoltaic module are required to be solved in a combined mode, and in the invention, the thermoelectric coupling calculation method is adopted to realize the realization of the calculation of all positions in the double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall systemThe temperature and the generated energy are accurately calculated, and the calculation process is shown in figure 3. Calculating the total solar radiation on the surface of the photovoltaic module in unit area; the second step is to calculate an initial working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module according to the ambient temperature and the total solar radiation value pv0 The calculation formula is as follows:
calculating the power output of the photovoltaic module by adopting an equivalent circuit five-parameter model according to the total solar irradiation and the working temperature of the photovoltaic module calculated in the last two steps, and simultaneously, respectively giving an initial value to the outer surface temperature of the building wall and the air temperature at the air layer outlet (the initial value is selected according to the environment temperature, otherwise, the coupling calculation process will not converge), and then carrying out iterative solution on the outer surface temperature of the building wall and the air temperature at the air layer outlet according to an energy balance equation in the air layer and an unsteady heat transfer equation in the building wall, so as to obtain the temperature values of the air layer and the air temperature at each position in the building wall; the first three steps complete a small cycle, and the thermoelectric performance of the double-layer photovoltaic curtain wall system is calculated preliminarily; the fourth step is to calibrate and calculate the working temperature T of the photovoltaic component according to the temperature of the outer surface of the building wall, the air temperature at the air layer outlet and the power output of the photovoltaic component, which are obtained in the third step, and the energy balance equation brought into the photovoltaic component pv And judge T pv And T pv0 If the set precision requirement is met, finishing calculation and outputting a calculation result; however, one cycle generally cannot be terminated, and continuous iteration is required, and the working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module calculated in the fourth step is calculated at this time pv Replacing the initially calculated working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module pv0 And then sequentially completing subsequent iterative computation, and finally outputting calculated photovoltaic module generating capacity, photovoltaic module working temperature, air average temperature in the air layer and temperature values at the inner surface and the outer surface of the building wall by a computation program until the final computation is stable.
The calculation of the indoor load of the building is mainly carried out in two steps, the first step is to calculate the heat gain of the wall body,the second step is to convert the heat obtained by the building enclosure structure, the internal heat dissipation and the like into heating and air conditioning cold and heat loads; for wall heating, obtaining the distribution of the temperature in the wall by solving an unsteady heat transfer equation, and then according to a calculation formula: q=q cov +Q rad ＝h wi A pv (T wi -T room )+ε 4 σA pv (T wi 4 -T roomsurface 4 ) Solving, wherein Q cov To heat exchange by convection, Q rad Heat exchange amount for radiation; for the room load, solving by adopting a radiation time coefficient in a radiation time sequence method, namely calculating the room load according to the radiation heat obtained at the current moment and the previous moment, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: q (Q) θ ＝r 0 q θ +r 1 q θ-Δτ +r 2 q θ-2Δτ …+r 23 q θ-23Δτ Wherein Q is θ Represents the current moment load, q θ-nΔτ Represents the radiant heat gain, r, at a time n hours ago n Represents the nth radiation time factor, the value of which can be calculated by the RTF method.
Claims (5)
1. The building indoor load calculation method with the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, determining the solar radiation quantity received by the surface of a photovoltaic curtain wall in a unit area;
step 2, calculating initial generating capacity of the photovoltaic curtain wall system;
step 3, establishing a heat transfer equation of a photovoltaic component, an air layer and a building wall in the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall system;
step 4, adopting a thermoelectric coupling method to iteratively solve the thermal and electrical properties of the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall; the calculation process is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, calculating the total solar radiation on the surface of a photovoltaic module in a unit area;
step two, calculating an initial working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module according to the ambient temperature and the total solar radiation value pv0 The calculation formula is as follows:
thirdly, calculating the power output of the photovoltaic module by adopting an equivalent circuit five-parameter model according to the calculated total solar radiation and the calculated initial working temperature value of the photovoltaic module in the last two steps, respectively giving an initial value to the outer surface temperature of the building wall and the air temperature at the air layer outlet, and then carrying out iterative solution on the outer surface temperature of the building wall and the air temperature at the air layer outlet according to an energy balance equation in the air layer and an unsteady heat transfer equation in the building wall to obtain the temperature values of the air layer and the air temperature at each position in the building wall;
fourth, according to the temperature of the outer surface of the building wall body, the air temperature at the air layer outlet and the power output of the photovoltaic module, which are obtained in the third step, the working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module is calculated by checking in an energy balance equation carried into the photovoltaic module pv And judge T pv And T pv0 If the set precision requirement is met, finishing calculation and outputting a calculation result; the working temperature value T of the photovoltaic module calculated in the fourth step is calculated pv Initial operating temperature value T of replacement photovoltaic module pv0 Sequentially completing subsequent iterative computation, and finally stabilizing the computation, wherein a computation program outputs the calculated generated energy of the photovoltaic module, the working temperature of the photovoltaic module, the average temperature of air in the air layer and the temperature value of the inner surface and the outer surface of the building wall;
and 5, calculating the indoor load of the building.
2. The method for calculating the indoor load of a building having a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure according to claim 1, wherein step 1 determines the amount of solar radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic curtain wall per unit area:
wherein G is 0 Is the earth atmosphereSolar irradiance of upper boundary surface, G t 、G bh 、G dh 、G h The method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining total surface radiation, direct horizontal radiation, scattered horizontal radiation and total horizontal radiation of the photovoltaic curtain wall in unit area; r is (r) b A conversion factor for direct irradiance; θ, β, n are the incident angle of sunlight, altitude angle of sun, and the order number of a day of the year, respectively; ρ is the ground average reflectivity.
3. The method for calculating the indoor load of a building with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is to calculate the initial power generation amount of the photovoltaic curtain wall system, specifically:
adopting an equivalent circuit five-parameter model, and calculating the initial generating capacity of the photovoltaic curtain wall system by combining the nameplate parameters of the photovoltaic module and the total solar radiation, the ambient temperature and the wind speed received on the vertical face of the photovoltaic curtain wall, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
the five unknown parameters in the equation are photo-generated current I ph Diode reverse saturation current I o Series resistor R s Parallel resistor R sh An ideality factor a; the five unknown parameters are solved by adopting an analytical solution method according to nameplate parameters of the photovoltaic module, the solved five parameters are values under standard working conditions, and then five parameter values under any real-time working conditions are solved according to a conversion formula; and solving an I-V equation and a maximum power point by adopting a Lambert W function and iteration solving method.
4. The method for calculating the indoor load of a building with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is to establish a heat transfer equation of a photovoltaic module, an air layer and a building wall in the double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall system, and specifically comprises the following three heat transfer energy balance equations:
energy balance equation for photovoltaic module:
G t ·α pv ＝P out +h poc (T pv -T e )+ε 1 h por (T pv -T e )+h pic (T pv -T a )+ε 2 h pir (T pv -T wo )
energy balance equation in air layer:
unsteady state heat transfer equation in building wall:
two boundary conditions for the unsteady heat transfer equation within the building wall are:
wherein G is t Representing the total radiation intensity received by the surface of the photovoltaic module in unit area; alpha pv Represents the absorptivity of the photovoltaic module; p (P) out Representing the power generated by the photovoltaic module in unit area; h is a poc 、h pic 、h woc 、h wic The convection heat transfer coefficients of the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, the inner surface of the photovoltaic module, the outer surface of the building wall and the inner surface of the building wall are respectively represented; h is a por 、h pir 、h wor The radiation heat exchange coefficients of the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, the inner surface of the photovoltaic module and the outer surface of the building wall are respectively represented; t represents temperature, and subscripts pv, e, a, wo, in, out, wi, room, roomsurface respectively represent photovoltaic modules, outdoor air, air layers and outside building wallsThe surface, air layer inlet, air layer outlet, building wall inner surface, room, other wall surfaces and objects in the room; sigma is Stefan-Boltzmann constant; epsilon 1 、ε 2 、ε 3 、ε 4 Respectively representing the emissivity of the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, the inner surface of the photovoltaic module, the outer surface of the building wall and the inner surface of the building wall; c (C) a 、C wall Respectively representing the specific heat capacities of air and a building wall; ρ a 、ρ wall Respectively representing the densities of air and building walls; d (D) a Represents the cross-sectional area of the air layer; v a Representing the air flow rate in the air layer; lambda (lambda) wall Representing the heat conductivity coefficient of the building wall; a is that pv Representing the area of the photovoltaic curtain wall; l represents the wall thickness.
5. The method for calculating the indoor load of a building with a double-layer non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall structure according to claim 4, wherein the calculating the indoor load of the building in step 5 specifically comprises:
firstly, calculating the heat gain of the wall body, obtaining the distribution of the temperature in the wall body by solving an unsteady heat transfer equation, and then according to a calculation formula: q=q cov +Q rad ＝h wi A pv (T wi -T room )+ε 4 σA pv (T wi 4 -T roomsurface 4 ) Solving, wherein Q cov To heat exchange by convection, Q rad Heat exchange amount for radiation;
the second step, the heat obtained by the building enclosure structure and the internal heat dissipation are converted into heating and air conditioning cold and heat loads;
solving by adopting a radiation time coefficient in a radiation time sequence method, namely calculating the room load according to the radiation heat obtained at the current moment and the previous moment, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: q (Q) θ ＝r 0 q θ +r 1 q θ-Δτ +r 2 q θ-2 Δτ…+r 23 q θ-23Δτ Wherein Q is θ Represents the current moment load, q θ-nΔτ Represents the radiant heat gain, r, at a time n hours ago n Representing the nth radiation time factor.
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