CN110260321B - Realize ultralow NOxVented rotary flameless combustor - Google Patents
Realize ultralow NOxVented rotary flameless combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110260321B CN110260321B CN201910581635.8A CN201910581635A CN110260321B CN 110260321 B CN110260321 B CN 110260321B CN 201910581635 A CN201910581635 A CN 201910581635A CN 110260321 B CN110260321 B CN 110260321B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
- F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of flameless combustion, and particularly discloses a method for realizing ultralow NOxVented rotary flameless combustor. The central gas nozzle of the burner is used for conveying and injecting gas; the air inlet straight pipe is used for conveying air to the air channel; the wall surface of the air channel is symmetrically provided with air adjusting nozzles, and the air sprayed by the air adjusting nozzles generates a reaction force to drive the rotary flameless burner to rotate around the central axis; the opening and closing of the air direct injection nozzle are controlled through the movement of the first intercepting ring, so that air is injected in the flameless combustion stage; the opening and closing of the air swirl spray pipe are controlled by the movement of the second intercepting ring, so that air is sprayed in the preheating combustion stage. The invention utilizes the reaction force generated by the air adjusting nozzle to drive the air and the fuel gas to rotate around the central axis, and the fuel gas and the entrained high-temperature flue gas are mixed in the whole hearth, thereby enlarging the reaction area and obtaining more uniform temperature distribution in the furnace, and further realizing ultralow NOxAnd (5) discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of flameless combustion, and particularly relates to a method for realizing ultralow NO (nitric oxide)xVented rotary flameless combustor.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of a series of measures such as "coal to gas" in industry and heating boilers, the application of natural gas in production and life is becoming more and more extensive, but the combustion of natural gas has become one of the main sources of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. To reduce environmental pollution, more strict NO is frequently deliveredxEmission Standard, for example, Beijing, requires NO in the newly issued "emission Standard for atmospheric pollutants for boilers" (DB11/139-2015)xThe discharge concentration should be lower than 30mg/m3To meet this requirement, it is necessary to apply low-nitrogen combustion technology in the combustion of natural gas. Flameless combustion technology due to its high thermal efficiency and NOXThe characteristic of low emission is widely concerned by the international combustion world and is gradually applied to the fields of industry and heating.
At present, the invention patent based on a gas flameless combustor exists at home and abroad, and in order to realize flameless combustion, a hearth is firstly heated to be higher than the spontaneous combustion temperature of gas, and then the hearth is switched to flameless combustion. The process can be realized by the modes of preheating outside the furnace, using a heat accumulator for preheating, using a catalyst for reducing the self-ignition point, mixing and preheating the smoke in the furnace and the like. The method has the advantages that the mode of mixing and preheating the smoke in the furnace is widely applied, firstly, the furnace cavity is heated by utilizing the flame combustion in the preheating combustion stage, and then the furnace cavity is switched to the flameless combustion state, but the operation is complex in the switching process, so that the working efficiency of the combustor is greatly reduced.
Meanwhile, in order to realize flameless combustion, the invention patents based on the gas flameless combustor exist at home and abroad, and air direct injection is mostly adopted to realize large-range entrainment of the flue gas in the hearth. CN201410020218.3 proposes a diagonal flow normal temperature flameless burner, CN201410019516.0 proposes a direct injection type gas flameless burner, two patents above all use the gas flow and air flow to directly inject the mode to realize flameless combustion, but do not consider the form diversification of direct injection jet, and the direct injection nozzle is fixed, the jet of conventional speed and momentum can not necessarily realize better uniformity of temperature in the furnace, therefore, the flameless combustion with better effect can be realized only by higher jet speed and momentum, the requirement on the pressure head of the air blower is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
In response to the above-identified deficiencies in the art or needs for improvement, the present invention provides a method for achieving ultra-low NOxThe discharged rotary flameless combustor is especially suitable for flameless combustion application occasions because the arrangement modes of key components such as an air direct injection spray pipe and an air rotational flow spray pipe are improved and researched, meanwhile, the overall structural layout is designed purposefully, and accordingly, the uniformity of the temperature in the furnace can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for realizing ultralow NOxThe flameless combustor of rotation type of emission, this flameless combustor of rotation type include central gas spray tube, air intlet straight tube, air passageway, air directly spout spray tube, air whirl spray tube, wherein:
the axis of the central gas spray pipe is overlapped with the central axis of the rotary flameless combustor and is used for conveying and spraying gas;
the air inlet straight pipe is connected with the air channel and used for conveying air to the air channel;
the air channel is sleeved outside the central gas spray pipe, one end of the air channel is connected with the air inlet straight pipe, the other end of the air channel is connected with the air direct-injection spray pipe and the air rotational flow spray pipe, so that a channel is provided for the flow of air, air adjusting nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the air channel, and when the rotary flameless burner is operated, reaction force is generated by air sprayed by the air adjusting nozzles to drive the rotary flameless burner to rotate around the central axis, so that the air and the gas sprayed by the rotary flameless burner rotate around the central axis;
the air direct-injection nozzle is symmetrically arranged around the central axis, and the opening and the closing of the air direct-injection nozzle are controlled by the movement of a first cutoff ring, so that air is injected in a flameless combustion stage;
air whirl spray tube cover is established the outside of air direct injection spray tube utilizes the second to cut off opening and closing of this air whirl spray tube of mobile control of ring to spray air in preheating the combustion stage, air whirl spray tube and air are directly sprayed and are provided with the blade along circumference direction evenly distributed between the spray tube for drive air winds the axis rotation of air direct injection spray tube makes the air is with the mode blowout of precession.
More preferably, the ratio of the inner diameters of the direct air injection nozzle and the swirling air nozzle is preferably 1:1.5 to 1: 2.
Further preferably, the number of the air conditioning nozzles is preferably 3 to 5.
Further preferably, the diameter of the air conditioning nozzle is preferably 2mm to 15 mm.
More preferably, the rotation speed of the rotary flameless burner in the preheating combustion stage is preferably 10 r/min-15 r/min, and the rotation speed of the rotary flameless burner in the flameless combustion stage is preferably 3 r/min-6 r/min.
More preferably, the swirl degree of the air swirl nozzle is preferably 0.7-0.9.
As a further preference, during the flameless combustion phase, the outlet air velocity of the direct air injection lance is greater than 60 m/s.
As a further preference, the fuel gas comprises one or more of methane, synthesis gas, low heating value fuel gas, ethane and propane.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. the reaction force generated by the air sprayed out of the air conditioning nozzle is utilized to drive the whole rotary flameless combustor to rotate around the central axis, so that the air and the fuel gas sprayed out of the rotary flameless combustor rotate around the central axis, and the air, the fuel gas and the high-temperature flue gas sucked in are mixed in the whole hearth, a reaction area is expanded, the requirement on the air speed of an outlet of an air direct-spraying nozzle is lowered, more uniform temperature distribution in the hearth can be obtained, the occurrence of a local high-temperature area is avoided, and NO is reduced from the sourcexTo effect NOxIn addition, the invention can drive the air to wind the air directly by arranging the blades in the air rotational flow spray pipeThe axial line of the spray pipe rotates to enter the hearth in a precession mode, so that the air and the fuel gas can be fully mixed in a preheating combustion stage, stable flame is established, the preheating efficiency is improved, and the operation can be realized only by controlling the movement of the first intercepting ring and the second intercepting ring when the states of the preheating combustion stage and the flameless combustion stage are switched, so that the automatic flame-stopping device has the advantages of simplicity in operation and high working efficiency;
2. particularly, in order to ensure that the air injected in the flameless combustion stage has higher momentum and avoid the need of adjusting the flow of the air or fuel gas when the combustion state is switched, the inner diameter ratio of the air direct injection spray pipe to the air rotational flow spray pipe is controlled within the range of 1: 1.5-1: 2, so that the optimal outlet air speed is obtained in the preheating combustion stage and the flameless combustion stage;
3. in addition, the number of the air adjusting nozzles is limited to be 3-5, and the diameter of the air adjusting nozzles is 2-15 mm, so that the rotary flameless burner can be ensured to have proper rotating angular velocity, and the influence on normal combustion caused by excessive air ejection can be avoided;
4. meanwhile, in the preheating combustion stage, the rotating speed of the rotary flameless combustor is set to be 10 r/min-15 r/min, the rotational flow degree of the air rotational flow spray pipe is 0.7-0.9, preheating can be accelerated, and therefore the time required by the preheating combustion stage is effectively shortened, in the flameless combustion stage, the rotating speed of the rotary flameless combustor is set to be 3 r/min-6 r/min, NO can be reduced as much as possible on the basis of ensuring full combustion of gasxIn addition, the air speed of an outlet of the air direct injection spray pipe is controlled to be larger than 60m/s in the flameless combustion stage, the smoke in the hearth can be ensured to be fully sucked, and the occurrence of a local high-temperature area is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an implementation of ultra-low NO constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present inventionxA full cross-sectional view of the discharged rotary flameless combustor;
3 fig. 3 2 3 is 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 along 3 the 3 plane 3 a 3- 3 a 3 in 3 fig. 3 1 3. 3
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-a central gas spray pipe, 2-an air inlet straight pipe, 3-an air loop, 4-an air passage, 5-an air adjusting nozzle, 6-an air direct injection spray pipe, 7-an air swirl spray pipe, 8-a gas hose, 9-an air hose, 10-a second intercepting ring, 11-a first intercepting ring and 12-a blade.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for realizing ultra-low NOxThe rotation type flameless combustor of emission, this rotation type flameless combustor include central gas spray tube 1, air inlet straight tube 2, air duct, air directly spout spray tube 6, air whirl spray tube 7, wherein:
the axis of the central gas spray pipe 1 is overlapped with the central axis of the rotary flameless burner, the front end of the central gas spray pipe is connected with a gas hose 8, and the rear end of the central gas spray pipe is connected with a hearth and used for conveying and spraying gas;
the front end of the air inlet straight pipe 2 is connected with an air hose 9, and the rear end is connected with an air channel. For delivering air to the air passage;
the air channel is sleeved on the outer side of the central gas spray pipe 1, one end of the air channel is connected with the air inlet straight pipe 2, the other end of the air channel is connected with the air direct-injection spray pipe 6 and the air rotational flow spray pipe 7, so that a channel is provided for air flow, air adjusting nozzles 5 are symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the air channel, when the air channel works, air sprayed by the air adjusting nozzles 5 generates a reaction force to drive the rotary flameless burner to rotate around the central axis, so that the air and the gas sprayed by the rotary flameless burner rotate around the central axis, the air channel comprises an air loop 3 and an air passage 4, the sectional area of the air loop 3 is smaller than that of the air passage 4, the air loop 3 is connected with the air inlet straight pipe 2, and the side wall;
the direct air injection lance 6 is symmetrically disposed about the central axis, and the opening and closing of the direct air injection lance 6 is controlled by the movement of the first cutoff ring 11, thereby injecting air in the flameless combustion stage;
air whirl spray tube 7 cover is established in the outside that the air directly spouts spray tube 6, utilizes opening and closing of this air whirl spray tube 7 of the mobile control of second ring 10 that dams to spray air in preheating the combustion stage, air whirl spray tube 7 and air directly spout and are provided with between the spray tube 6 along circumference direction evenly distributed's blade 12, are used for driving the air and wind the axis rotation of spray tube 6 is directly spouted to the air for preheat the combustion stage air and spout with the mode of precession, it is more even with the gas mixture in furnace.
Further, under the condition that the air flow rate is not changed, the air flow rate is directly determined by the sizes of the air direct-injection spray pipe 6 and the air rotational flow spray pipe 7, and in order to ensure that the air injected by the air direct-injection spray pipe 6 has higher momentum, the inner diameter of the air direct-injection spray pipe 6 is required to be obviously smaller than that of the rotational flow air spray pipe 7, so that the inner diameter ratio of the air direct-injection spray pipe to the air rotational flow spray pipe is preferably 1: 1.5-1: 2, and further, when the combustion state is switched, only the first intercepting ring and the second intercepting ring need to be moved, the inlet flow of air and fuel gas does not need to be changed, and.
Further, the quantity and the diameter of the air adjusting nozzles 5 are used for adjusting the magnitude of the reaction force generated by the air adjusting nozzles, so that the rotating speed of the rotary type flameless burner is changed, the condition that the sprayed air and the gas can be fully mixed in a hearth is further ensured, the rotating speed of the rotary type flameless burner is too low due to too small reaction force, meanwhile, the condition that the sprayed air excessively interferes with the normal combustion is avoided, the quantity of the air adjusting nozzles is preferably 3-5, and the diameter of the air adjusting nozzles is preferably 2-15 mm.
Further, the fuel gas includes one or more of methane, synthesis gas, low heating value fuel gas, ethane and propane, and in the preheating combustion stage and the flameless combustion stage isEnsuring sufficient combustion of the gas requires the introduction of a suitable excess of air, but too high an oxygen content promotes NOxSo that the excess air ratio is preferably 1.2 to 1.3; in addition, in the preheating combustion stage, the rotating speed of the rotary type flameless combustor is preferably 10 r/min-15 r/min, the rotational flow degree of the air rotational flow spray pipe is preferably 0.7-0.9, the flame stability of the rotational flow flameless combustion can be stabilized, and the good precession jet flow motion characteristic can be obtained, so that the combustion chamber can be rapidly preheated, and the time required by the preheating combustion stage can be effectively shortened; in the flameless combustion stage, the rotating speed of the rotary flameless combustor is preferably 3r/min to 6r/min, a stable flameless combustion effect can be formed, the more uniform temperature in the furnace is ensured, the rotation is formed spontaneously through jet flow, and in order to ensure that the smoke in the hearth is fully entrained, the air momentum sprayed by the air direct-spraying nozzle needs to be ensured to be large enough, so that the outlet air speed of the air direct-spraying nozzle 6 is more than 60 m/s.
The invention provides the realization of ultra-low NOxThe working process of the discharged rotary flameless combustor is as follows: in the preheating combustion stage, the first cutoff ring 11 is pushed to block the air direct injection spray pipe 6, air is sprayed out from the air rotational flow spray pipe 7 and is driven by the blades 12 to rotate around the axis of the air direct injection spray pipe 6, meanwhile, air sprayed out from the air adjusting nozzle 5 generates a reaction force, so that the whole rotary type flameless combustor rotates around the central axis, the sprayed air and gas rotate around the central axis, the air enters a hearth in a precession mode and can be fully mixed with the gas, and stable flame is established;
when the temperature in the hearth reaches the temperature above the spontaneous combustion temperature of the fuel gas, the air flow is controlled to be unchanged, the second intercepting ring 10 is pushed to block the air swirling spray pipe 7, the air direct-flow spray pipe 6 is opened, the air is directly sprayed out from the air direct-flow spray pipe 6, the air and the fuel gas enter the hearth in a rotating mode around the central axis, the area of a nozzle is reduced, the air is sprayed out in a high-momentum mode, the fuel gas and the sucked high-temperature flue gas are mixed in the whole hearth, the reaction area is enlarged, the reactant concentration in the temperature peak area is reduced under the dilution effect of the sucked flue gas with lower oxygen concentration, the reaction rate in the area is reduced, and the combustion mode is switched to be flameless, so that theThe combustion, because the flameless combustion carries out more uniform reaction in a larger range, can eliminate a local high-temperature area, so the invention controls the thermal NO from the sourcexIs generated.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Realize ultralow NOxThe rotation type flameless combustor of emission, its characterized in that, this rotation type flameless combustor includes central gas spray tube (1), air inlet straight tube (2), air passage, air directly spouts spray tube (6) and air whirl spray tube (7), wherein:
the axis of the central gas spray pipe (1) is overlapped with the central axis of the rotary flameless burner and is used for conveying and spraying gas; the air inlet straight pipe (2) is connected with an air channel and used for conveying air to the air channel;
the air channel is sleeved outside the central gas spray pipe (1), one end of the air channel is connected with the air inlet straight pipe (2), the other end of the air channel is connected with the air direct-injection spray pipe (6) and the air rotational flow spray pipe (7), so that a channel is provided for the flow of air, air adjusting nozzles (5) are symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the air channel, and when the air channel works, reaction force is generated through air sprayed by the air adjusting nozzles (5) to drive the rotary flameless burner to rotate around the central axis, so that the air and the gas sprayed by the rotary flameless burner rotate around the central axis of the rotary flameless burner;
the air direct-injection nozzles (6) are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the rotary flameless combustor, and the opening and closing of the air direct-injection nozzles (6) are controlled by the movement of a first cutoff ring (11), so that air is injected in the flameless combustion stage;
air whirl spray tube (7) cover is established the outside of air direct injection spray tube (6), utilize the second to cut off opening and closing of this air whirl spray tube (7) of mobile control of ring (10) to spray air in preheating the combustion stage, air whirl spray tube (7) and air are directly sprayed and are provided with between spray tube (6) along circumference direction evenly distributed's blade (12) for drive air winds the axis rotation of air direct injection spray tube (6), makes the air is with the mode blowout of precession.
2. Achieving ultra-low NO as in claim 1xThe discharged rotary flameless combustor is characterized in that the inner diameter ratio of the air direct-injection spray pipe (6) to the air rotational flow spray pipe (7) is 1: 1.5-1: 2.
3. Achieving ultra-low NO as in claim 1xThe discharged rotary flameless combustor is characterized in that the number of the air adjusting nozzles (5) is 3-5.
4. Achieving ultra-low NO as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3xThe discharged rotary flameless combustor is characterized in that the diameter of the air adjusting nozzle (5) is 2-15 mm.
5. Achieving ultra-low NO as in claim 1xThe discharged rotary flameless combustor is characterized in that in the preheating combustion stage, the rotating speed of the rotary flameless combustor is 10 r/min-15 r/min, and in the flameless combustion stage, the rotating speed of the rotary flameless combustor is 3 r/min-6 r/min.
6. Achieving ultra-low NO as in claim 1xThe discharged rotary flameless combustor is characterized in that in the preheating combustion stage, the rotational flow degree of the air rotational flow spray pipe (7) is 0.7-0.9.
7. Achieving ultra-low NO as in claim 1xExhaust rotary flameless burner, characterized in that, during the flameless combustion phase, the outlet air speed of the direct air injection lance (6) is greater than 60 m/s.
8. Achieving ultra-low NO as claimed in any of claims 5 to 7xAn exhaust rotary flameless combustor characterized in that said fuel gas comprises one or more of methane, syngas, low heating value fuel gas, ethane, and propane.
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| EP2014981A2 (en) * | 2007-07-07 | 2009-01-14 | Messer Group GmbH | Method and device for thermal treatment of fluid or gaseous material |
| CN203572204U (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-04-30 | 武汉科技大学 | Short-long-flame flame-switchable stone coal vanadium extraction rotary kiln burner |
| CN103727535A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-16 | 北京大学 | Diagonal-flow constant-temperature flameless burner |
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| CN110260321A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
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