CN110257753B - Method for optimizing performance of iron-based amorphous coating in supersonic flame spraying technology - Google Patents
Method for optimizing performance of iron-based amorphous coating in supersonic flame spraying technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257753B CN110257753B CN201910638191.7A CN201910638191A CN110257753B CN 110257753 B CN110257753 B CN 110257753B CN 201910638191 A CN201910638191 A CN 201910638191A CN 110257753 B CN110257753 B CN 110257753B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 eventually Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing the performance of an iron-based amorphous coating in a supersonic flame spraying technology, belonging to the supersonic flame spraying technologyThe technical field of spraying. The method is characterized in that in the process of preparing the iron-based amorphous coating by using supersonic flame spraying, the temperature of powder particles before impacting a substrate is between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature of the iron-based amorphous, so that the amorphous powder particles are in a semi-molten state, the particles have good fluidity on the substrate, and the prepared coating has the lowest porosity and the highest compactness. Ensuring the temperature of the particles at TSAnd TLOn the basis of the above, the larger the speed of the powder particles before impacting the substrate, the lower the porosity of the prepared amorphous coating. Therefore, the optimal barrel length is 210mm-240mm, and the barrel caliber is 12mm-14 mm. The method prepares the iron-based amorphous coating with low porosity, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the iron-based amorphous coating and promoting the application of the iron-based amorphous coating as a surface protective coating material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supersonic flame spraying, in particular to a method for optimizing the performance of an iron-based amorphous coating in the supersonic flame spraying technology.
Background
The amorphous alloy exhibits more excellent properties such as high hardness, high elastic modulus, high wear resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance than conventional alloy materials in many respects because of the absence of defects such as grain boundaries, defects, segregation, and precipitates of crystalline materials. In recent decades, people pay more attention to the application of amorphous alloy as a surface protective coating besides the preparation of large-size bulk amorphous alloy. Among a plurality of amorphous alloy systems, the iron-based amorphous alloy is one of the systems with the most application prospect, and the iron-based amorphous alloy coating has high cost performance while maintaining excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, is more suitable for being popularized and applied as a surface protective coating material, and is applied or shows wide application prospect in the fields of petrochemical industry, hydroelectric power, ship corrosion prevention, nuclear industry and the like.
At present, the preparation of the iron-based amorphous coating mainly adopts a thermal spraying method. Among the thermal spraying methods, supersonic flame spraying has high flame flow speed and low flame temperature, is more beneficial to the prepared coating to obtain an amorphous structure, and is known as the best method for preparing the iron-based amorphous coating. The void defects in the high-speed flame sprayed iron-based amorphous coating are unavoidable. It is well known that the corrosion resistance of a coating is closely related to pore defects, and delamination and spalling of the coating due to corrosion caused by pore defects is one of the most common failure modes of the coating. In some harsh service environments, such as a medium containing chloride ions, the iron-based amorphous coating is also corroded by the pore defects, so that the corrosion protection effect and the service life of the iron-based amorphous coating are greatly reduced, and the wide application of the iron-based amorphous coating in various fields is limited. Therefore, in the supersonic flame spraying process, the number of pore defects in the coating is reduced by optimizing the spraying process parameters, which plays a key role in improving the corrosion resistance of the iron-based amorphous coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for optimizing the performance of an iron-based amorphous coating in a supersonic flame spraying technology, which reduces the number of pore defects in the coating and improves the compactness of the coating by selecting the optimal gun barrel size suitable for spraying the iron-based amorphous coating, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the iron-based amorphous coating and promoting the application of the iron-based amorphous coating as a surface protective coating material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for optimizing the performance of Fe-base amorphous coating in supersonic flame spraying technique features that the particles of amorphous powder are in semi-molten state before they impact on substrate, resulting in better flowability of particles on substrate, resulting in less pores and higher compactness of coating.
Controlling the temperature T before the powder particles impact the substrate to ensure that the temperature T is at the solidus temperature T of the iron-based amorphousSAnd liquidus temperature TLIn between, the amorphous powder particles are in a semi-molten state.
In the process of preparing the iron-based amorphous coating by using the supersonic flame spraying technology, the T is controlled to be at TSAnd TLOn the basis, the higher the speed of the powder particles before impacting the substrate, the fewer the pore defects of the prepared iron-based amorphous coating, and the lower the porosity.
Since the length and caliber dimensions of the gun barrel used in the supersonic flame spraying technique directly affect the pressure field, velocity field and temperature field of the flame stream, thereby affecting the velocity and temperature variations during the flight of the powder particles, eventually, pore defects are formed during the deposition phase of the coating. Therefore, the invention utilizes computational fluid dynamics to simulate the influence of the length and the caliber of the gun tube in the supersonic flame spraying process. Finally, the parameters of the gun barrel are optimized, namely the length of the gun barrel is 210mm-240mm, and the caliber of the gun barrel is 12mm-14 mm.
The design mechanism and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the temperature of the powder particles before impact on the substrate is at the solidus and liquidus temperatures (T) of the iron-based amorphous materialSAnd TL) In the meantime, the amorphous powder particles are in a semi-molten state, the particles have good fluidity on the substrate, and the coating prepared by supersonic flame spraying has the lowest porosity and the highest compactness. Furthermore, the temperature of the particles corresponds to TSAnd TLOn the basis, the higher the speed of the powder particles before impacting the substrate, the less the prepared amorphous coating has less void defects and the lower the porosity.
The method utilizes computational fluid dynamics to simulate the influence of the length and the caliber of a gun tube in the supersonic flame spraying process, and analyzes the influence of a pressure field, a velocity field and a temperature field of flame flow on the velocity and the temperature of powder particles in the flying process. Wherein the barrel size affects the velocity and temperature of the powder particles during flight, thereby affecting the formation of pores during deposition. Therefore, the optimization of the size parameters of the gun barrel is used for further reducing the pore defects in the coating, and the method has important significance for promoting the engineering application of the gun barrel.
The invention researches the gun barrel size influence rule in the supersonic flame spraying of the iron-based amorphous coating: the size of the gun tube has no influence on the initial value of the pressure of the combustion chamber, and the larger the caliber of the gun tube is, the larger the pressure change amplitude of the outlet of the spray gun is, which influences the speed and the temperature of flame flow; the gun barrel has the same caliber, the length of the gun barrel is different, the change amplitude of the flame flow temperature (speed) is related to the length of the gun barrel, the longer the length of the gun barrel is, the higher the flame flow temperature (speed) is, the length of the gun barrel is the same, the caliber of the gun barrel is different, the change amplitude of the flame flow temperature (speed) at the outlet of the gun barrel is related to the size of the caliber of the gun barrel, and the larger the caliber of the gun barrel is, the larger the; the number of Mach cones at the barrel exit is independent of the barrel size. The flight characteristics of the powder particles are as follows: the temperature (speed) change amplitude of the particles in the flight process is related to the length of the gun barrel, and the longer the length of the gun barrel, the higher the temperature (speed) of the particles in the flight process; the larger the barrel caliber, the higher the particle temperature (velocity).
Therefore, the optimal selection of the gun barrel in the supersonic flame spraying of the invention is as follows: barrel length: 210mm-240mm, barrel caliber: 12mm-14 mm.
The method solves the problem of waste of a large amount of resources in the process of optimizing the parameters of the traditional spraying process, and obtains the optimal gun barrel size for preparing the iron-based amorphous coating with low porosity, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the iron-based amorphous coating and promoting the application of the iron-based amorphous coating as a surface protective coating material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the XRD pattern of the coating prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing temperature changes during flight of powder particles;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the change in velocity during flight of the powder particles;
FIG. 4 is a surface and cross-sectional SEM photograph of the coating prepared in example 1; wherein: (a) a surface; (b) cross section.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1:
preparing the iron-based amorphous coating by adopting a supersonic flame spraying technology, wherein:
selecting the length of the gun barrel: 210mm-240mm, barrel caliber: 12mm-14 mm. The temperature and speed change law of the amorphous powder particles in the flying process (shown in fig. 2 and 3) is obtained through numerical simulation, and as can be seen from fig. 2, when the temperature of the powder particles with the diameter of 30 microns before impacting the substrate is between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature of the iron-based amorphous, the amorphous powder particles are in a semi-molten state, the particles have good fluidity on the substrate, and the porosity of the coating prepared by supersonic flame spraying is the lowest. The iron-based amorphous coating prepared in this way is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 1 shows the amorphous character of the prepared coating. Fig. 4 is a surface and cross-sectional SEM image of the prepared amorphous coating layer, and it can be seen from fig. 4(a) that the surface of the coating layer is in a good melted state without unmelted particles and excessive melting, and the porosity of the coating layer is 0.72% calculated according to fig. 4 (b).
Comparative example 1:
the difference from example 1 is that:
the caliber of the gun barrel is as follows: 10mm-12 mm.
As a result: the temperature and velocity of the powder particles before impacting the substrate were both less than in example 1 and the coating porosity was 1.09% higher than in example 1.
Comparative example 2:
the difference from example 1 is that:
the barrel length is: 250mm-290mm, the caliber of the gun barrel is as follows: 10mm-12 mm.
As a result: the temperature and velocity of the powder particles before impacting the substrate were both greater than in example 1, and the coating porosity was 1.66% greater than in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that:
the barrel length is: 250mm-290 mm.
As a result: the temperature and velocity of the powder particles before impacting the substrate were both greater than in example 1 and the coating porosity was 1.73% higher than in example 1.
Comparative example 4:
the difference from example 1 is that:
the barrel length is: 180mm-210 mm.
As a result: the temperature and velocity of the powder particles before impacting the substrate were both less than in example 1 and the coating porosity was 2.31% higher than in example 1.
Comparative example 5:
the difference from example 1 is that:
the barrel length is: 180mm-210mm, barrel bore: 10mm-12 mm.
As a result: the temperature and velocity of the powder particles before impacting the substrate were both less than in example 1 and the coating porosity was 2.94% higher than in example 1.
Claims (1)
1. A method for optimizing the performance of an iron-based amorphous coating in a supersonic flame spraying technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the process of preparing the iron-based amorphous coating by using the supersonic flame spraying technology, amorphous powder particles are in a semi-molten state before impacting a substrate, so that the particles have good fluidity on the substrate, thereby reducing the pore defects in the prepared iron-based amorphous coating and improving the compactness of the coating; controlling the temperature T before the powder particles impact the substrate to make the temperature T be at the solidus temperature of the iron-based amorphousT SAnd liquidus temperatureT LIn between, the amorphous powder particles are in a semi-molten state;
in the process of preparing the iron-based amorphous coating by using the supersonic flame spraying technology, the higher the speed of powder particles before impacting a substrate is, the fewer the pore defects of the prepared iron-based amorphous coating are, and the lower the porosity is;
the parameters of the gun barrel used in the supersonic flame spraying technology are as follows: the length of the gun barrel is 210mm-240mm, and the caliber of the gun barrel is 12mm-14 mm.
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