CN110257688A - One kind Powder High-speed Steels containing boride and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

One kind Powder High-speed Steels containing boride and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110257688A
CN110257688A CN201910572802.2A CN201910572802A CN110257688A CN 110257688 A CN110257688 A CN 110257688A CN 201910572802 A CN201910572802 A CN 201910572802A CN 110257688 A CN110257688 A CN 110257688A
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powder
boride
speed
preparation
speed steels
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CN110257688B (en
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康磊
廖相巍
贾吉祥
李广帮
尚德礼
郭庆涛
唐雪峰
黄玉平
康伟
赵亮
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride and preparation method thereof, the composite material relative density > 99%, hardness is 65.5~69.4HRC；The matrix of composite material is M2 Powder High-speed Steels, and ingredient percent is C0.80~0.90%, Si0.30~0.40%, Mn0.25~0.32%, W5.00~5.50%, Mo4.90~5.10%, Cr3.80~4.20%, V1.80~2.20%, surplus Fe and inevitable impurity；Boride powder is distributed in matrix as additional particle even dispersion, and the additive amount mass fraction of boride powder is 0.2%~0.5%.In preparation process, in powder by atomization, atomizing medium is the mixture of high pressure gas and boride powder, and the evenly dispersed High Speed Steel Powders of boride powder are made in the case where gas powder is atomized jointly.PM HSS preparation method of the invention can reach excellent comprehensive mechanical property by adjusting adjustment of the realization such as boride composition, granularity and straying quatity to Powder High-speed Steels hardness, bending strength in atomizing medium.

Description

One kind Powder High-speed Steels containing boride and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-speed steel manufacturing technology fields, especially provide a kind of quick, high efficiency and low cost preparation high-performance The method of Powder High-speed Steels.
Background technique
High-speed steel is a kind of high-carbon, high alloy ledeburite steel, is common tool die material, is widely used in processing system Make industry.High-Speed Steel Carbide is coarse, microstructure segregation is serious for tradition casting forging, to improve structural homogenity, forge modified process it is more, Complex process.To solve the problems, such as that casting forging high-speed steel is faced, be born Powder High-speed Steels.The technique of Powder High-speed Steels includes powder Last jacket hot isostatic pressing and powder compacting sintering.Powder jacket hot isostatic pressing high-speed steel is had excellent performance, and is that high speed steel is raw The Last Resort of production, but production-soldering and sealing-post-processing of steel capsule, process is more, and the period is longer, increases cost, in addition, Steel are unfavorable for complex-shaped shaped piece production at deformation difficulty.For powder compacting sintering, simple process and low cost, But the disadvantage that green body compactness is not high after pressing is deposited, often selects higher sintering temperature during the sintering process, and high-speed steel Sintering window it is relatively narrow, liquid phase can be generated if temperature reaches alloy melting point, once amount of liquid phase is larger it is difficult to ensure that product is former There is shape, destroys product formability.In addition, the carbide that excessively high sintering temperature often leads to generation is coarse, so as to cause system Product nonuniform organization, so that product properties is deteriorated.
In order to solve the problems, such as that compacting sintering technique exists, existing PM technique is that boron is added into High Speed Steel Powders The compound of simple substance or boron is more preferable come the compound effect for reducing sintering temperature, especially boron, and synthesis is prepared in repressed sintering The Powder High-speed Steels of function admirable, for example, document " influence of the B4C to M3:2 PM HSS tissue and mechanical property " and Document " hardening heat is to the ASP30 PM HSS tissue of addition B4C and the influence of mechanical property ".Boron simple substance or chemical combination Part can go out in the presence of object is China rich in element, cheap, and boron element and Co element are common in Powder High-speed Steels Existing high boron low cobalt ingredient, it, to can form micro liquid phase in sintering process, is a kind of sintering activator that eutectic point is very low, It can promote the sintering process of PM HSS, more fine and close powder metallurgy can be sintered out at lower temperatures and produced Product.But all it is to realize that the compound of boron and metal powder mix powder using ball-milling technology in the prior art, increases preparation section, increase Production cost is added, and ball-milling technology brings long preparation period, introduces that exogenous impurity, surface oxidation and mixed powder are uneven etc. to ask Topic.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is generally directed to the above problems of the existing technology, prepare the High Speed Steel Powders containing boride using atomization Obtained fully dense Powder High-speed Steels in conjunction with the method for compacting sintering, provide it is a kind of quickly, efficiently, low cost prepare high property The method of energy Powder High-speed Steels.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented with the following technical solutions:
A kind of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, the composite material relative density > 99%, hardness for 65.5~ 69.4HRC；The matrix of composite material be M2 Powder High-speed Steels, ingredient percent be C0.80~0.90%, Si0.30~ 0.40%, Mn0.25~0.32%, W5.00~5.50%, Mo4.90~5.10%, Cr3.80~4.20%, V1.80~ 2.20%, surplus Fe and inevitable impurity；Boride powder is distributed in matrix as additional particle even dispersion, boronation The additive amount mass fraction of object powder is 0.2%~0.5%.
A kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, specifically includes:
(1) vacuum melting
Steel scrap and ferrochrome are melted in vaccum sensitive stove, molten steel composition mass percent is C0.80~0.90%, Si0.30~0.40%, Mn0.25~0.32%, W5.00~5.50%, Mo4.90~5.10%, Cr3.80~4.20%, V1.80~2.20%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity, and Molten Steel End Point is 1600 DEG C~1670 DEG C；
(2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
In powder by atomization, atomizing medium is the mixture of high pressure gas and boride powder, in the case where gas powder is atomized jointly The evenly dispersed High Speed Steel Powders of boride powder are made；High pressure gas is N2Or Ar, pressure are 2~4MPa；Boride powder End is B4C、Fe2B、BN、LaB6, one or more of NiB and CrB mixture；Boride powder granularity is D50≤2 μm, The percentage by volume that middle boride particle is less than 200nm powder is 10%~20%；
(3) it forms
Using cold isostatic compaction by the above-mentioned green compact of High Speed Steel Powders containing boride, isostatic cool pressing pressure is 300~ 400MPa, dwell time are 10~20min；
(4) it is sintered
The green compact of High Speed Steel Powders containing boride is sintered under vacuum conditions, and vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, and sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C ~1150 DEG C, and 30~60min is kept the temperature, high-speed steel green body is obtained after cooling；
(5) it is heat-treated
It being annealed using 850 DEG C~880 DEG C, the cold 3~4h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~ 15min oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, each air-cooled 1~1.5h.
The atomization temperature of M2 molten steel is 1600 DEG C~1640 DEG C in the step (2)；
The flow of boride particle is 1.5~4.5kg/min in described step (2) atomizing medium.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) technique that atomization prepares that boracic pre-alloyed powder, isostatic cool pressing and vacuum-sintering combine prepares complete consistency Powder High-speed Steels, whole preparation process is simpler than existing boracic Powder High-speed Steels preparation process.Eliminate ball milling conjunction Aurification and hot isostatic pressing, and the low, simple process using the Powder High-speed Steels impurity content of technical process preparation of the invention are practical Property it is good, therefore, have good application prospect.
2) boracic pre-alloyed powder is in sintering, boron element and certain elements (such as Co) it is common in the presence of locally will appear height Boron low cobalt ingredient, eutectic point is very low, is a kind of sintering activator to can form micro liquid phase in sintering process, can be with The sintering process for promoting PM HSS, can be sintered out more fine and close Powder High-speed Steels at lower temperatures.
3) fine boride particle is finally present in PM HSS in a manner of disperse phase particle, is being improved While PM HSS hardness, tiny boride refined carbides in phase transformation, and dislocation nail nipping bundle is acted on, increase The big obstruction of dislocation motion, plays the role of dispersion-strengtherning, the intensity and toughness of Powder High-speed Steels can be improved.
4) PM HSS preparation method of the invention can be by adjusting boride composition, granularity in atomizing medium The adjustment to Powder High-speed Steels hardness, bending strength is realized with straying quatity etc., reaches excellent comprehensive mechanical property.Add with tradition Boride or carbide powder low-alloyed high speed steel preparation process is added to compare, group of the present invention to the boride of PM HSS It is extremely convenient at being adjusted with content, be conducive to the extensive use of machinery manufacturing industry.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described:
The present invention will be described in detail for following embodiment.These embodiments be only to preferred embodiment of the invention into Row description, does not limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, specifically includes:
1) vacuum melting: vacuum induction melting M2 high-speed steel, outlet temperature control are 1640 DEG C, the atomization temperature of molten steel 1600℃；Composition and its mass percent: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.28%, W5.12%, Mo5.03%, Cr3.85%, V1.99%, surplus Fe contain inevitable impurity element；
2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
Gas dust cloudization prepares B4The evenly dispersed M2 High Speed Steel Powders of C, atomization high pressure gas is N2, pressure 3MPa；Atomized powder End is B4C powder, B4C granularity is D50≤2 μm, wherein B4The percentage by volume that C is less than 200nm powder is 12%.B4C powder The flow of grain is 2.0kg/min.It prepares containing 0.25% (mass fraction) B4The composite powder of C powder.
3) cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 350MPa pressure prepare preform.
4) Powder High-speed Steels of 99% consistency of > are obtained in 1130 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings.
5) 850 DEG C of annealing are heat-treated, the cold 3h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~15min Oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, and each air-cooled 1h is obtained and contained 0.25% (mass fraction) B4C powder M2 Powder High-speed Steels, chemical component are as follows: C1.25%, Si0.36%, Mn0.27%, W5.11%, Mo5.05%, Cr3.88%, V1.97%, B0.05%, surplus Fe, hardness reach 69.4HRC, bending strength 4450MPa, impact flexibility 24Jcm-2。
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, specifically includes:
1) vacuum melting: 50kg vacuum induction melting M2 high-speed steel, outlet temperature control are 1640 DEG C, the atomization of molten steel 1610 DEG C of temperature；Composition and its mass percent: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.28%, W5.12%, Mo5.03%, Cr3.85%, V1.99%, surplus Fe contain inevitable impurity element；
2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
Gas dust cloudization prepares the evenly dispersed M2 High Speed Steel Powders of BN, and atomization high pressure gas is N2, pressure 3Mpa；Solid-state mist Changing medium is BN powder, and BN granularity is D50≤2 μm, and it is 10% that wherein BN, which is less than the percentage by volume of 200nm powder,.BN powder The flow of particle is 2.9kg/min.Prepare the composite powder containing 0.3% (mass fraction) BN powder.
3) cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 350MPa pressure prepare preform.
4) Powder High-speed Steels of 99% consistency of > are obtained in 1150 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings.
5) 850 DEG C of annealing are heat-treated, the cold 3h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~15min Oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, and each air-cooled 1h is obtained and contained 0.3% (mass fraction) BN powder M2 powder Last high-speed steel.Its chemical component are as follows: C0.87%, Si0.37%, Mn0.29%, W5.13%, Mo5.06%, Cr3.88%, V2.01%, B0.024%, N0.17%, surplus Fe, hardness reach 67.6HRC, bending strength 4460MPa, impact flexibility For 25Jcm-2。
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, specifically includes:
1) vacuum melting: 50kg vacuum induction melting M2 high-speed steel, outlet temperature control are 1640 DEG C, the atomization of molten steel 1615 DEG C of temperature；Composition and its mass percent: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.28%, W5.12%, Mo5.03%, Cr3.85%, V1.99%, surplus Fe contain inevitable impurity element；
2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
Gas dust cloudization prepares Fe2The evenly dispersed M2 High Speed Steel Powders of B, atomization high pressure gas is N2, pressure 3Mpa；Solid-state Atomizing medium is Fe2B powder, Fe2B granularity is D50≤2 μm, wherein Fe2The percentage by volume that B is less than 200nm powder is 20%. Fe2The flow of B powder particle is 4.8kg/min.It prepares containing 0.5% (mass fraction) Fe2The composite powder of B powder.
3) cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 350MPa pressure prepare preform.
4) Powder High-speed Steels of 99% consistency of > are obtained in 1145 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings.
5) 850 DEG C of annealing are heat-treated, the cold 3h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~15min Oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, and each air-cooled 1h is obtained and contained 0.5% (mass fraction) Fe2B powder M2 Powder High-speed Steels.Its chemical component are as follows: C0.88%, Si0.38%, Mn0.28%, W5.15%, Mo5.08%, Cr3.89%, V2.05%, B0.045%, surplus Fe, hardness reach 65HRC, tensile strength 4440MPa, impact flexibility 22Jcm-2。
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, specifically includes:
1) vacuum melting: 50kg vacuum induction melting M2 high-speed steel, outlet temperature control are 1640 DEG C, the atomization of molten steel 1620 DEG C of temperature；Composition and its mass percent: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.28%, W5.12%, Mo5.03%, Cr3.85%, V1.99%, surplus Fe contain inevitable impurity element；
2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
Gas dust cloud, atomization high pressure gas is N2, pressure 3Mpa；Atomized powder is LaB6, and gas dust cloudization prepares LaB6 Evenly dispersed M2 High Speed Steel Powders, the granularity of LaB6 are D50≤2 μm, and wherein LaB6 is less than the percentage by volume of 200nm powder 18%.The flow of LaB6 powder particle is 4.2kg/min.Prepare the composite powder containing 0.45% (mass fraction) LaB6 powder End.
3) cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 350MPa pressure prepare preform.
4) Powder High-speed Steels of 99% consistency of > are obtained in 1130 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings.
5) 850 DEG C of annealing are heat-treated, the cold 3h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~15min Oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, and each air-cooled 1h is obtained and contained 0.45% (mass fraction) LaB6 powder M2 Powder High-speed Steels.Its chemical component are as follows: C0.86%, Si0.37%, Mn0.26%, W5.12%, Mo5.05%, Cr3.87%, V2.07%, B0.014%, surplus Fe, hardness reach 65.5HRC, bending strength 4475MPa, impact flexibility 24.8J cm-2。
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, specifically includes:
1) vacuum melting: 50kg vacuum induction melting M2 high-speed steel, outlet temperature control are 1640 DEG C, the atomization of molten steel 1610 DEG C of temperature；Composition and its mass percent: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.28%, W5.12%, Mo5.03%, Cr3.85%, V1.99%, surplus Fe contain inevitable impurity element；
2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
Gas dust cloud, atomization high pressure gas is N2, pressure 3Mpa；Solidified atomized medium be NiB and CrB (volume ratio 1: 1) powder, gas dust cloudization prepare the evenly dispersed M2 High Speed Steel Powders of NiB and CrB, NiB and CrB granularity is D50≤2 μm, wherein The percentage by volume for being less than 200nm powder in NiB and CrB is 20%.The flow of NiB and CrB powder particle is 1.8kg/min. Prepare the composite powder containing 0.2% (mass fraction) NiB and CrB powder.
3) cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 350MPa pressure prepare preform.
4) Powder High-speed Steels of 99% consistency of > are obtained in 1100 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings.
5) 850 DEG C of annealing are heat-treated, the cold 3h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~15min Oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, and each air-cooled 1h is obtained and contained 0.2% (mass fraction) NiB and CrB powder Last M2 Powder High-speed Steels.Its chemical component are as follows: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.25%, W5.14%, Mo5.07%, Cr3.88%, V2.08%, B0.018%, its hardness of surplus Fe reach 66.5HRC, bending strength 4485MPa, impact flexibility For 24.5Jcm-2。
Comparative example
1) vacuum melting: 50kg vacuum induction melting M2 high-speed steel, outlet temperature control are 1640 DEG C, the atomization of molten steel 1600 DEG C of temperature；Composition and its mass percent: C0.85%, Si0.35%, Mn0.28%, W5.12%, Mo5.03%, Cr3.85%, V1.99%, surplus Fe contain inevitable impurity element.
2) M2 High Speed Steel Powders are prepared.Being atomized high pressure gas is N2, pressure 3Mpa.
3) cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 350MPa pressure prepare preform.
4) Powder High-speed Steels of 99% consistency of > are obtained in 1260 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings.
5) 850 DEG C of annealing are heat-treated, the cold 3h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~15min Oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, and each air-cooled 1h is obtained and is free of boride powder M2 Powder High-speed Steels. Its ingredient are as follows: C0.86%, Si0.34%, Mn0.27%, W5.13%, Mo5.04%, Cr3.84%, V1.98%, surplus Fe, Its hardness reaches 62HRC, bending strength 4400MPa, impact flexibility 22Jcm-2。

Claims (4)

1. a kind of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride, which is characterized in that the composite material relative density > 99%, hardness 65.5 ~69.4HRC；The matrix of composite material is M2 Powder High-speed Steels, and ingredient percent is C0.80~0.90%, Si0.30 ~0.40%, Mn0.25~0.32%, W5.00~5.50%, Mo4.90~5.10%, Cr3.80~4.20%, V1.80~ 2.20%, surplus Fe and inevitable impurity；Boride powder is distributed in matrix as additional particle even dispersion, boronation The additive amount mass fraction of object powder is 0.2%~0.5%.
2. a kind of preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride according to claim 1, which is characterized in that specifically include:
(1) vacuum melting
Steel scrap and ferrochrome are melted in vaccum sensitive stove, molten steel composition mass percent be C0.80~0.90%, Si0.30~ 0.40%, Mn0.25~0.32%, W5.00~5.50%, Mo4.90~5.10%, Cr3.80~4.20%, V1.80~ 2.20%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Molten Steel End Point is 1600 DEG C~1670 DEG C；
(2) prepared by High Speed Steel Powders containing boride
In powder by atomization, atomizing medium is the mixture of high pressure gas and boride powder, is made in the case where gas powder is atomized jointly The evenly dispersed High Speed Steel Powders of boride powder；High pressure gas is N2Or Ar, pressure are 2~4MPa；Boride powder is B4C、Fe2B、BN、LaB6, one or more of NiB and CrB mixture；Boride powder granularity is D50≤2 μm, wherein boron The percentage by volume that compound particle is less than 200nm powder is 10%~20%；
(3) it forms
Using cold isostatic compaction by the above-mentioned green compact of High Speed Steel Powders containing boride, isostatic cool pressing pressure is 300~400MPa, is protected The pressure time is 10~20min；
(4) it is sintered
The green compact of High Speed Steel Powders containing boride is sintered under vacuum conditions, vacuum degree be less than 2Pa, sintering temperature be 1100 DEG C~ 1150 DEG C, and 30~60min is kept the temperature, high-speed steel green body is obtained after cooling；
(5) it is heat-treated
It being annealed using 850 DEG C~880 DEG C, the cold 3~4h of furnace is as preliminary treatment, and 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C of hardening heat, 5~ 15min oil is cold, 550 DEG C~560 DEG C of tempering temperature, is tempered 3 times, each air-cooled 1~1.5h.
3. the preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (2) The atomization temperature of middle M2 molten steel is 1600 DEG C~1640 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of Powder High-speed Steels containing boride according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (2) The flow of boride particle is 1.5~4.5kg/min in atomizing medium.
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