CN110253806A - A kind of Plastic sleeper and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Plastic sleeper and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110253806A CN110253806A CN201910161387.1A CN201910161387A CN110253806A CN 110253806 A CN110253806 A CN 110253806A CN 201910161387 A CN201910161387 A CN 201910161387A CN 110253806 A CN110253806 A CN 110253806A
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- mold
- plastic sleeper
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- sleeper
- plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/44—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from other materials only if the material is essential
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
- B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
- B29K2023/065—HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2025/04—Polymers of styrene
- B29K2025/06—PS, i.e. polystyrene
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Plastic sleepers and preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: polypropylene, polystyrene and HDPE being mixed, an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades are carried out；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles are mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, secondary extrusion is carried out, obtains secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down；(5) it obtains finished product: removing mold, obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.Withdrawal resistance is high at high temperature for the Plastic sleeper of offer of the present invention, has a safety feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Transit Equipment technical field, in particular to a kind of Plastic sleeper and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Currently, the sleeper used on railway is largely sleeper and cement sleeper, there is small part to use in West Europe and Japan
It is steel sleeper.Need to expend a large amount of timber in sleeper use process, timber consumed by one kilometer of railway has reached 600m3It is left
The right side, the considerable damage caused by environment and resource；Another aspect sleeper is not corrosion-resistant, in temperature, humidity, is exposed to the sun, sleet, freeze thawing
Under equal comprehensive functions, general 5-10 will result in sleeper cracking, rot；If another brushes anti-corrosion finish on sleeper, no
Only production process pollutes environment, and also pollutes in use to Along Railway.Cement sleeper is although corrosion-resistant, still
Since weight concrete is big, poor flexibility, construction relative difficulty is caused, and is restricted its application on bridge.Steel sleeper
The problem of equally existing burn into poor flexibility in use, therefore the amount worldwide used is not high.
For the deficiency of above-mentioned sleeper, existing manufacturer develops polyurethane composite sleeper, this kind of composite sleeper uses glass
Fiber continuously enhances polyurethane foam as basic material, has excellent corrosion resistance and good elasticity, has huge
Performance advantage.But this kind of sleeper is at high cost, and since the polyurethane foam of use is thermosetting plastics, without can return
The property received.Another compound sleeper developed at present is to be aided with a small amount of modified plastics as matrix using recycled plastic, passed through
It squeezes out or molding carries out molding preparation.
Sleeper laying along the railway, huge, especially summer is influenced by surface temperature, easily due to by the sun
It is more than 60 DEG C that direct projection, which causes rail temperature,.In " the TB 10082-2005 railroad track design specification " of China's publication, in its Appendix D
In list the rail temperature of China major area summer, the regional rail temperature with Typical Representative is as shown in table 1.
1 type area's summer highest rail temperature of table
As it can be seen from table 1 the Plastic sleeper in many areas in use can be in the significant period of time of summer
The interior temperature for bearing 60 DEG C or more, this requires Plastic sleeper to have at these temperatures keep its rigidity, bending strength with
And the ability of railway spike withdrawal resistance.
In the patent delivered, Eaglebrook Products Inc. company prepares wood using purer HDPE
Material substitute, Polywood Inc. company use HDPE content to prepare Plastic sleeper for the material of 50-70%；Application No. is
It is disclosed in the Chinese patent of ZL00804450.3 and a kind of uses polystyrene component for 20-50% (weight) and 50-80%
The Plastic sleeper of (weight) polyolefin component.Material of main part in above-mentioned patent is all using polyolefine material, especially largely
Using HDPE material.According to Chemical Industry Press's publication " Chinese material engineering grand ceremony high molecular material work of volume 6 in 2005
Journey " in page 95 and Chemical Industry Press " common synthetic resin performance and the application manual " published for 2002 page 55 about
The heat distortion temperature of the performance introduction of HDPE, the HDPE difference trade mark is generally 60-82 DEG C.The working environment of HDPE product is once
Heat distortion temperature section is arrived, macromolecular chain will generate creep under external force and act on macroscopically showing as it in stress
Lower generation material deformation, and then whole rigidity is lost, and mechanical property can sharply decline.
It can be seen that the highest rail temperature of national most area all from the summer highest rail temperature in all parts of the country distribution in table 1
The heat distortion temperature of HDPE has been had reached, the mechanical property of Plastic sleeper, railway spike breakout capacity have been proposed at this temperature
Acid test.Due to not yet delivering railway spike breakout capacity of the HDPE as main material in open source information, according to application
Number for the formula announced in the Chinese patent of ZL00804450.3, using polystyrene component is that 25 weight % and 75 weight % gather
The Plastic sleeper of olefin component, according to the requirement of the 30th chapter of american railway Technical Manual-Engineering AREMA, having carried out diameter is 22mm
The breakout capacity test of railway spike at different temperatures, tests railway spike breakout capacity under resulting different temperatures and is shown in Table 2.
The Φ 22mm railway spike breakout capacity of HDPE plastic sleeper under 2 different temperatures of table
| Test temperature | Φ 22mm railway spike withdrawal resistance |
| 4℃ | 102kN |
| 18℃ | 97kN |
| 43℃ | 39kN |
| 60℃ | 32kN |
, it is specified that the withdrawal resistance of screw spike is not less than in the existing concrete sleeper screw spike withdrawal resistance test in China
60kN directlys adopt HDPE as the Plastic sleeper of main body since screw spike withdrawal resistance is in height from the point of view of above-mentioned measured data
Code requirement is not achieved under temperature, is likely to result in screw spike and is pulled out, and then is likely to cause derailing risk, causes great fortune
Row safety and loss of personal property.
Therefore it provides a kind of Plastic sleeper with high withdrawal resistance is those skilled in the art's technical problem urgently to be resolved
One of.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of Plastic sleeper and preparation method thereof, anti-to solve existing Plastic sleeper
The problem that pull out force is low, safety is poor.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of preparation method of Plastic sleeper, comprising the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: by polypropylene, polystyrene and
HDPE mixing carries out an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: by polymer particles and inorganic filler, prevent
Old agent, antioxidant, coupling agent mixing, carry out secondary extrusion, obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms: by secondary extrusioning mixture
Mold is imported, by compaction die and is closed；(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down；(5) obtain at
Product: mold is removed, Plastic sleeper finished product is obtained.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 50~90 parts
Polypropylene, 10~30 parts of polystyrene and 5~15 parts of HDPE mixing, and an extruding pelletization is carried out by single screw rod, it obtains
Polymer particles；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles are mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out two
Secondary extrusion obtains secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down；(5) it obtains finished product: removing mold, obtain Plastic sleeper blank,
The overlap for repairing Plastic sleeper blank, obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
Further, the total weight of the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant and coupling agent is the polymer particles weight
The 10%~50% of amount.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts gather
Propylene, 20 parts of polystyrene and 10 parts of HDPE mixing, and an extruding pelletization is carried out by single screw rod, secure satisfactory grades seed
Son；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Secondary extrusioning mixture, wherein the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent total weight be the high score seed
The 30% of sub- weight；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；(4) cooling: will to close
The mold of conjunction, which immerses in coolant liquid, to be cooled down, cooling time >=12h；(5) it obtains finished product: mold is taken out from coolant liquid,
Mold siding is removed, Plastic sleeper blank is obtained, the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank outer surface is repaired, obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts gather
Propylene, 20 parts of polystyrene, 10 parts of HDPE and the mixing of a certain amount of glass fibre, and once squeezed out by single screw rod
It is granulated, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles and inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent are mixed
It closes, carries out secondary extrusion, obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die
And it is closed；(4) cooling: the mold of closure is immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down, cooling time >=12h；(5) finished product is obtained: will
Mold takes out from coolant liquid, removes mold siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, repairs the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank outer surface,
Obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts gather
Propylene, 20 parts of polystyrene, the mixing of HDPE and 20 of 10 parts part of glass fibre, and primary squeeze out is carried out by single screw rod and is made
Grain, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles are mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent,
Secondary extrusion is carried out, secondary extrusioning mixture is obtained；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed
It closes；(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and carries out cooling, cooling time >=12h；(5) finished product is obtained: by mold
It is taken out from coolant liquid, removes mold siding, obtain Plastic sleeper blank, repaired the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank outer surface, obtain
Plastic sleeper finished product.
Further, ABS and/or LLDPE is also added in the step (1).
Further, the inorganic filler be mica, talcum powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, powdered whiting, kaolin, cover it is de-
One or more of soil.
Further, plasticizer and/or ultraviolet absorbing agent are also added in the step (2).
A kind of Plastic sleeper, the Plastic sleeper are made by above-mentioned preparation method.
Compared with the existing technology, Plastic sleeper of the present invention and preparation method thereof has the advantage that of the invention
The primary raw material of Plastic sleeper is the preferable polypropylene of high-temperature behavior, polystyrene and HDPE, and by addition glass fibre into
One step improves its high temperature resistance；Multi-step is used when the present invention prepares Plastic sleeper to form, it especially first will be high
Glass fibre and macromolecule raw material mixture are granulated by molecular raw material mixture, are carried out again with inorganic filler later secondary
It squeezes out, can effectively solve the problems, such as difficult forming.Furthermore Plastic sleeper provided by the present invention at high temperature withdrawal resistance it is high,
It has a safety feature, there is extensive market popularization value.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of Plastic sleeper, comprising the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: will to gather
Propylene, polystyrene and HDPE mixing carry out an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: by high score seed
Son is mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, is carried out secondary extrusion, is obtained secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms:
Secondary extrusioning mixture is imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；(4) cooling: by the mold of closure immerse in coolant liquid into
Row cooling；(5) it obtains finished product: removing mold, obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
The primary raw material of the Plastic sleeper is the preferable polypropylene of high-temperature behavior, and heat distortion temperature can reach 100-
110 DEG C, there is good high temperature resistance.Multi-step is used when the present invention prepares Plastic sleeper to form, it first will be high
Molecular raw material mixture is granulated, and is mixed again with inorganic filler later, is carried out secondary extrusion, can effectively solve difficult forming
The problem of.So that withdrawal resistance is high at high temperature, has a safety feature for Plastic sleeper provided by the present invention, there is extensive market to push away
Wide value.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 50~90 parts
Polypropylene, 10~30 parts of polystyrene and 5~15 parts HDPE mixing, and by a single screw rod extruding pelletization of progress,
The seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles are mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, are carried out
Secondary extrusion obtains secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down；(5) it obtains finished product: removing mold, obtain Plastic sleeper blank,
The overlap for repairing Plastic sleeper blank, obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
Preferably, the total weight of the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant and coupling agent is the polymer particles weight
10%~50%.
It is furthermore preferred that the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts gather
Propylene, 20 parts of polystyrene and 10 parts of HDPE mixing, and an extruding pelletization is carried out by single screw rod, secure satisfactory grades seed
Son；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Secondary extrusioning mixture, wherein the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent total weight be the high score seed
The 30% of sub- weight；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；(4) cooling: will to close
The mold of conjunction, which immerses in coolant liquid, to be cooled down, cooling time >=12h；(5) it obtains finished product: mold is taken out from coolant liquid,
Mold siding is removed, Plastic sleeper blank is obtained, the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank outer surface is repaired, obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts gather
Propylene, 20 parts of polystyrene, 10 parts of HDPE and the mixing of a certain amount of glass fibre, and once squeezed out by single screw rod
It is granulated, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles and inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent are mixed
It closes, carries out secondary extrusion, obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die
And it is closed；(4) cooling: the mold of closure is immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down, cooling time >=12h；(5) finished product is obtained: will
Mold takes out from coolant liquid, removes mold siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, repairs the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank outer surface,
Obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by poly- the third of 70 parts
Alkene, 20 parts of polystyrene, the mixing of HDPE and 20 of 10 parts part of glass fibre, and primary squeeze out is carried out by single screw rod and is made
Grain, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles are mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent,
Secondary extrusion is carried out, secondary extrusioning mixture is obtained；(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, simultaneously by compaction die
Closure；(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and carries out cooling, cooling time >=12h；(5) finished product is obtained: by mould
Tool takes out from coolant liquid, removes mold siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, repairs the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank outer surface, obtains
To Plastic sleeper finished product.
Further, ABS and/or LLDPE is also added in the step (1).
Further, the inorganic filler be mica, talcum powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, powdered whiting, kaolin, cover it is de-
One or more of soil.
Further, plasticizer and/or ultraviolet absorbing agent are also added in the step (2).
The present invention also provides a kind of Plastic sleeper, the Plastic sleeper is made by above-mentioned preparation method.
On the one hand Plastic sleeper of the present invention and preparation method thereof, utilizes the high plastics of heat distortion temperature such as polyphenyl second
The material of main part as Plastic sleeper such as alkene, polypropylene, by the heat distortion temperature of Plastic sleeper material of main part promoted to 90 DEG C with
On, guarantee that Plastic sleeper has enough rigidity, mechanical property and screw spike withdrawal resistance when using summer；On the other hand,
The present invention is by a certain amount of glass fibre for adding inside Plastic sleeper, for the mechanical property of reinforced plastics sleeper, together
Shi Gaishan high-temperature behavior.Due to the elasticity modulus and tensile strength of glass fibre be HDPE, polypropylene, polystyrene tens
Times, while its fusing point is more than 800 DEG C, thus, after being enhanced using glass fibre, the mechanical property and heat of Plastic sleeper become
Shape temperature is all greatly improved.Further, since the fusing point of the raw material such as polypropylene is high and a large amount of glass fibre is contained in inside
So that the Plastic sleeper difficult forming, one's duty invention solves the problems, such as difficult forming using multistage moulding process.Specifically
, the present invention first uses glass fibre to mix according to a certain percentage with polypropylene, polystyrene and HDPE, and passes through single spiral shell
Bar carries out extruding pelletization, the particle of manufacture glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, polystyrene and HDPE；Second stage will have been prepared
Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, polystyrene and HDPE particle and inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent etc. it is logical
It crosses double screw extruder and carries out secondary extrusion；The mixture that second stage squeezes out is introduced directly into mold, the mold by the phase III
The shape of type chamber is identical as the final shape of Plastic sleeper, but the siding of mold one end is scalable, and can provide certain pressure
Power, for being compacted to mixture；Guan Bi mould is immersed in coolant liquid and keeps at least 12h, to guarantee plastics by fourth stage
Sleeper is completely cooling, avoids causing to deform due to not exclusively cooling；Mold is taken out and is removed siding, to modeling by the 6th stage
The blank of material sleeper is tested, and repairs the overlap formed due to die gap.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Plastic sleeper, preparation method successively the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, 70 parts of polypropylene, 20 parts of polystyrene and 10 parts of HDPE being carried out
Mixing, and extruding pelletization is carried out by single screw rod, manufacture polymer particles；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles, inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant and coupling agent prepared by step (1)
Secondary extrusion is carried out by double screw extruder, obtains secondary extrusioning mixture, wherein the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant
Total weight with coupling agent is the 30% of the polymer particles weight, and inorganic filler is mica filler；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture prepared by step (2) being introduced directly into mold, mold is closed and is compacted；It should
The shape of mold cavity is identical as the final shape of Plastic sleeper, but the siding of mold one end is scalable, and can provide certain
Pressure, for being compacted to mixture；
(4) cooling: Guan Bi mould is immersed in coolant liquid and keep 12h, to guarantee that Plastic sleeper is completely cooling, avoid due to
Incomplete cooling and cause to deform；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold being taken out to and removed siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, Plastic sleeper blank is examined
It tests, and repairs the overlap that its outer surface is formed due to die gap, finally obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Plastic sleeper, preparation method successively the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, 50 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of polystyrene and 10 parts of HDPE being carried out
Mixing, and extruding pelletization is carried out by single screw rod, manufacture polymer particles；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles, inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant and coupling agent prepared by step (1)
Secondary extrusion is carried out by double screw extruder, obtains secondary extrusioning mixture, wherein the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant
Total weight with coupling agent is the 10% of the polymer particles weight, and inorganic filler is the mixture of mica and talcum powder；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture prepared by step (2) being introduced directly into mold, mold is closed and is compacted；It should
The shape of mold cavity is identical as the final shape of Plastic sleeper, but the siding of mold one end is scalable, and can provide certain
Pressure, for being compacted to mixture；
(4) cooling: Guan Bi mould is immersed in coolant liquid and keep 14h, to guarantee that Plastic sleeper is completely cooling, avoid due to
Incomplete cooling and cause to deform；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold being taken out to and removed siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, Plastic sleeper blank is examined
It tests, and repairs the overlap that its outer surface is formed due to die gap, finally obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Plastic sleeper, preparation method successively the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, 90 parts of polypropylene, 30 parts of polystyrene and 15 parts of HDPE being carried out
Mixing, and extruding pelletization is carried out by single screw rod, manufacture polymer particles；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles, inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant and coupling agent prepared by step (1)
Secondary extrusion is carried out by double screw extruder, obtains secondary extrusioning mixture, wherein the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant
With the total weight of coupling agent is the polymer particles weight 50%, the inorganic filler account for the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent,
The 30% of the total weight of antioxidant and coupling agent, the inorganic filler are kaolin, montmorillonite and powdered whiting according to 1:1:1
The mixture that is mixed to get of parts by weight；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture prepared by step (2) being introduced directly into mold, mold is closed and is compacted；It should
The shape of mold cavity is identical as the final shape of Plastic sleeper, but the siding of mold one end is scalable, and can provide certain
Pressure, for being compacted to mixture；
(4) cooling: Guan Bi mould is immersed in coolant liquid and keep 16h, to guarantee that Plastic sleeper is completely cooling, avoid due to
Incomplete cooling and cause to deform；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold being taken out to and removed siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, Plastic sleeper blank is examined
It tests, and repairs the overlap that its outer surface is formed due to die gap, finally obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Plastic sleeper, preparation method successively the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts of polypropylene, 20 parts of polystyrene, 10 parts of HDPE and 20
The glass chopped fiber of part is mixed, and carries out extruding pelletization by single screw rod, prepares polymer particles；
(2) secondary extrusion: the polymer particles of step (1) preparation, inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent is mixed
It closes, carries out secondary extrusion, obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；Wherein, the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent gross weight
Amount is the 30% of the polymer particles weight, and inorganic filler is mica filler；
(3) it forms: the secondary extrusioning mixture that step (2) obtains being introduced directly into mold, and mold is closed and is compacted；
The shape of the mold cavity is identical as the final shape of Plastic sleeper, but the siding of mold one end is scalable, and can provide
Certain pressure, for being compacted to mixture；
(4) cooling: Guan Bi mould is immersed in coolant liquid and keep 12h, to guarantee that Plastic sleeper is completely cooling, avoid due to
Incomplete cooling and cause to deform；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold being taken out to and removed siding, obtains Plastic sleeper blank, Plastic sleeper blank is examined
It tests, and repairs the overlap that its outer surface is formed due to die gap, finally obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
Experimental example 1
To Plastic sleeper prepared by embodiment 1 according to the requirement of the 30th chapter of american railway Technical Manual-Engineering AREMA,
Screw spike breakout capacity at different temperatures is tested, and the results are shown in Table 3:
The screw spike breakout capacity of Plastic sleeper prepared by 3 embodiment 1 of table
| Test temperature | Φ 22mm railway spike withdrawal resistance |
| 18℃ | 102kN |
| 60℃ | 63kN |
It can be seen from Table 3 that its screw spike breakout capacity at 60 DEG C of Plastic sleeper prepared by embodiment 1 reaches
63kN can satisfy use demand.Contrast table 2 and table 3 illustrate that Plastic sleeper prepared by embodiment 1 can significantly improve rail
The screw spike breakout capacity at 60 DEG C of track environment temperature is rested the head on, there is higher safety.
Experimental example 2
To Plastic sleeper prepared by embodiment 4 according to the requirement of the 30th chapter of american railway Technical Manual-Engineering AREMA,
Screw spike breakout capacity at different temperatures is tested, and the results are shown in Table 4:
The screw spike breakout capacity of Plastic sleeper prepared by 4 embodiment 4 of table
| Test temperature | Φ 22mm railway spike withdrawal resistance |
| 18℃ | 109kN |
| 60℃ | 71kN |
Contrast table 3 and table 4, it can be found that: by glass fiber reinforcement, can be further improved high in track environment temperature
Screw spike breakout capacity under temperature, at 60 DEG C, its screw spike breakout capacity reaches 71kN, can fully meet Plastic sleeper
Use demand.
Experimental example 3
Polypropylene is enhanced using the glass fibre for accounting for formulation weight score 30%, and to using glass fiber reinforcement
It rear Properties of Polypropylene and is not tested respectively using the polyacrylic mechanical property of glass fiber reinforcement and heat distortion temperature,
It the results are shown in Table 5:
The mechanical property and heat distortion temperature test result of 5 polypropylene of table and glass fiber reinforced polypropylene
| Performance | Testing standard | Embodiment 1 (non-reinforced) | Embodiment 4 (30% fiberglass reinforced) |
| Tensile strength/MPa | GB/T1040.2 | 28.9 | 55.1 |
| Heat distortion temperature/DEG C | GB/T1634 | 102 | 121 |
It can be seen from Table 5 that: after being enhanced using glass fibre, polyacrylic mechanical property and heat distortion temperature are all
It is greatly improved.
In conclusion it is not difficult to find that the present invention have the advantages that it is above: the primary raw material of Plastic sleeper of the invention is high temperature
Polypropylene, polystyrene and the HDPE of better performances, and its high temperature resistance is further increased by adding glass fibre；This hair
The bright multi-step that uses when preparing Plastic sleeper is formed, and is especially first granulated glass fibre and macromolecule, it
Secondary extrusion is carried out with inorganic filler again afterwards, it is high to overcome polyacrylic fusing point, and a large amount of glass fibre institute is contained in inside
Caused by difficult forming.In short, withdrawal resistance is high at high temperature, has a safety feature for Plastic sleeper provided by the present invention, have wide
General market popularization value.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of Plastic sleeper, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: polypropylene, polystyrene and HDPE being mixed, an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades are carried out；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down；
(5) it obtains finished product: removing mold, obtain Plastic sleeper finished product.
2. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 50~90 parts of polypropylene, 10~30 parts of polystyrene and 5~15 parts
HDPE mixing, and an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades are carried out by single screw rod；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down；
(5) obtain finished product: removing mold, obtain Plastic sleeper blank, repair the overlap of Plastic sleeper blank, obtain Plastic sleeper at
Product.
3. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the inorganic filler, resists anti-aging agent
The total weight of oxygen agent and coupling agent is the 10%~50% of the polymer particles weight.
4. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, 70 parts of polypropylene, 20 parts of polystyrene and 10 parts of HDPE being mixed, and leads to
It crosses single screw rod and carries out an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Secondary extrusioning mixture, wherein the inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent total weight be the high score seed
The 30% of sub- weight；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure is immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down, cooling time >=12h；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold is taken out from coolant liquid, remove mold siding, obtain Plastic sleeper blank, repair Plastic sleeper
The overlap of blank outer surface obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
5. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts of polypropylene, 20 parts of polystyrene, 10 parts of HDPE and a certain amount of
Glass fibre mixing, and an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades are carried out by single screw rod；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure is immersed in coolant liquid and is cooled down, cooling time >=12h；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold is taken out from coolant liquid, remove mold siding, obtain Plastic sleeper blank, repair Plastic sleeper
The overlap of blank outer surface obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
6. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) primary to squeeze out: in parts by weight, by 70 parts of polypropylene, 20 parts of polystyrene, HDPE and 20 of 10 parts part of glass
The mixing of glass fiber, and an extruding pelletization, the seed that secures satisfactory grades are carried out by single screw rod；
(2) secondary extrusion: polymer particles being mixed with inorganic filler, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, coupling agent, carry out secondary extrusion,
Obtain secondary extrusioning mixture；
(3) it forms: secondary extrusioning mixture being imported into mold, by compaction die and is closed；
(4) cooling: the mold of closure being immersed in coolant liquid and carries out cooling, cooling time >=12h；
(5) it obtains finished product: mold is taken out from coolant liquid, remove mold siding, obtain Plastic sleeper blank, repair Plastic sleeper
The overlap of blank outer surface obtains Plastic sleeper finished product.
7. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be also added in the step (1)
ABS and/or LLDPE.
8. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inorganic filler is mica, cunning
One or more of mountain flour, precipitated calcium carbonate, powdered whiting, kaolin, montmorillonite.
9. the preparation method of Plastic sleeper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be also added in the step (2)
Plasticizer and/or ultraviolet absorbing agent.
10. a kind of Plastic sleeper, it is characterised in that: the Plastic sleeper passes through preparation side according to any one of claims 1 to 9
Method is made.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112646254A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-13 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Thermoplastic plastic glass fiber extruded composite sleeper and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101759898A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2010-06-30 | 江苏嘉景复合材料有限公司 | Glass fiber composite sleeper and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102746572A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-24 | 广东生之源数码电子有限公司 | Special modified polypropylene material for TV set rear shell and its production method |
| CN105773943A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 北京恒通创新赛木科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of railway sleeper |
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2019
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| ZA933262B (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1993-11-29 | Ferdinand Jacobus Labuschagne | Sleeper for a railway track |
| CN101759898A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2010-06-30 | 江苏嘉景复合材料有限公司 | Glass fiber composite sleeper and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102746572A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-24 | 广东生之源数码电子有限公司 | Special modified polypropylene material for TV set rear shell and its production method |
| CN105773943A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 北京恒通创新赛木科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of railway sleeper |
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| CN112646254A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-13 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Thermoplastic plastic glass fiber extruded composite sleeper and preparation method thereof |
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