CN110252776B - Method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting - Google Patents
Method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110252776B CN110252776B CN201910629363.4A CN201910629363A CN110252776B CN 110252776 B CN110252776 B CN 110252776B CN 201910629363 A CN201910629363 A CN 201910629363A CN 110252776 B CN110252776 B CN 110252776B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- waste incineration
- bottom ash
- ash
- fly ash
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 halogen salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting, which comprises the steps of carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration fly ash, carrying out magnetic separation and screening classification treatment on the waste incineration bottom ash, carrying out water washing pretreatment on the screened waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size smaller than 1mm, carrying out gravity separation pretreatment on the screened waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 1-3 mm, and carrying out ore grinding pretreatment on the screened waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm; granulating the pretreated waste incineration bottom ash and the water-washed pretreated waste incineration fly ash together, and drying and melting the obtained granules. The method not only achieves low-temperature melting harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash, but also provides partial production raw materials for nonferrous metallurgy, and realizes resource recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash, in particular to a method for synchronously treating waste incineration bottom ash (slag) and fly ash through low-temperature melting action.
Background
The rapid increase of economy brings a series of environmental problems, wherein the explosive growth of municipal solid waste and the damage of simple landfill treatment to the environment and human health begin to appear. In order to effectively solve the problem, a waste incineration power generation method having the advantages of high volume reduction, high weight reduction, high-temperature disinfection, heat energy utilization and the like is gradually popularized and applied.
The waste incineration process still produces two by-products, bottom slag and fly ash, wherein the bottom slag accounts for about 80% by weight. Generally, the bottom slag is mainly composed of metal, ceramic, glass, stone and unburned and complete organic matters, has high silicon, calcium and aluminum contents, and has similar main components with natural sand and cement, so the bottom slag is mainly used for replacing aggregate and cement to prepare concrete. Although the fly ash also contains valuable components such as calcium, silicon, aluminum and the like, the fly ash is classified as dangerous waste (HW18 type) due to the abundant dioxin, Cl, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and other harmful substances, and can be discharged after being subjected to harmless treatment.
Compared with the treatment mode of cement chelating solidification fly ash which is widely applied at present, the melting solidification treatment is more thorough. The melting solidification method realizes the efficient degradation of dioxin and the stable solidification of heavy metals through high-temperature action, simultaneously reduces the volume and the weight, and effectively avoids the problems that the cement solidification capacity-increasing is serious and the secondary release risk exists.
The melting and solidification of the waste incineration fly ash usually requires a higher melting temperature (1400-1500 ℃), so that higher requirements are provided for one-time investment and subsequent operation, and the popularization and application of the waste incineration fly ash are limited. In order to reduce the energy consumption required by the melting process and enhance the economic applicability of the technology, related researches are successively reported, and invention patents (publication numbers CN106765145A, CN101773709A, CN1796011A, CN105251758A and the like) all propose that the melting point of a system is reduced by adopting a mode of externally matching waste incineration fly ash with a flux, the energy consumption for treatment is reduced, part of methods obtain ideal effects, but the additional flux greatly increases the cost of melting treatment, in addition, the melting temperature of part of systems is still not lower than 1300 ℃, and the comprehensive cost is not significantly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of high energy consumption caused by high melting point of a molten body in the process of treating the waste incineration fly ash by the current melting method, the invention aims to provide a method for harmlessly and synergistically treating the waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash by low-temperature melting and simultaneously recovering valuable metals, the method generates mutual matching of fly ash and bottom ash in the incineration process of the waste incineration power plant, and under the condition of not additionally adding a fusing agent, a low-melting-point mixing system is formed, the treatment energy consumption is effectively reduced, the low-temperature melting harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom ash is realized, through the in-plant self digestion of the self-produced wastes of the waste incineration power plant, the transportation and chelation solidification treatment cost is reduced, the purposes of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another and treating the wastes in a synergic manner are achieved, meanwhile, part of valuable metals in the fly ash and the bottom ash are effectively recovered, and the fly ash and the bottom ash can be used as valuable non-ferrous metallurgy raw materials, and the characteristic of resource recycling is reflected.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting, which comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration fly ash;
2) carrying out magnetic separation and screening classification treatment on the waste incineration bottom ash, carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size smaller than 1mm obtained by screening, carrying out gravity separation pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 1-3 mm obtained by screening, and carrying out ore grinding pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm obtained by screening;
3) mixing the various pretreated waste incineration bottom ashes in the step 2), granulating the mixture with the washed pretreated waste incineration fly ash in the step 1), and drying and melting the obtained granules.
In the preferable scheme, the waste incineration fly ash and water are mixed and washed according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1kg: 5-10L, and then are subjected to filter pressing treatment, and the water content of the waste incineration fly ash is dehydrated to 10-15%. The water-soluble halogen salt and the soluble heavy metal salt in the waste incineration fly ash can be effectively removed through the water washing process, the heavy metal-containing smoke dust is prevented from being generated in the high-temperature melting process, the secondary pollution is reduced, and the heavy metal content is reduced. The filter pressing process of the invention refers to filter pressing treatment by a plate filter press, and the obtained filtrate is evaporated and crystallized to obtain valuable nonferrous metallurgy raw materials.
In a preferable scheme, the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of less than 1mm and water are mixed and washed by water according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1kg: 5-10L, and then are subjected to filter pressing treatment, and the mixture is dehydrated until the water content of the waste incineration bottom ash is 10-15% (mass percentage content).
In the preferable scheme, the garbage incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm is ground until the average particle size is not higher than 3 mm.
According to the invention, the waste incineration bottom ash is subjected to classification and separation treatment, the waste incineration bottom ash can be classified into four size fractions of-1 mm (the particle size is less than 1mm), 1-3 mm, 3-25 mm and +25mm (the particle size is greater than 25mm) through screening, the bottom ash with the particle size of less than 1mm obtained through screening is rich in heavy metals, and the heavy metals are recovered by adopting the same water washing treatment mode as fly ash; and (3) reselecting the bottom ash with the granularity within 1-3 mm to remove the metal substances. And the bottom ash with the granularity of 3-25 mm mainly comprises a glass body and a ceramic chip, and is ground until the average granularity is 3 mm. The bottom ash larger than 25mm can be directly used as building material aggregate.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the pellets satisfies: (CaO + MgO)/SiO2In a mass ratio of 0.6 to 1.36, Al2O3/SiO2The mass ratio is not less than 0.18, and the mass ratio of Ca to Fe is 4.5-10.0. The invention carries out pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash and the waste incineration fly ash, strictly controls the chemical composition, can greatly reduce the melting temperature which can be reduced to about 1200 ℃, and can obviously reduce the treatment energy consumption of the waste incineration fly ash and the bottom ash compared with the prior art.
In a preferred scheme, the drying treatment adopts hot air drying, the temperature of the hot air is 150-260 ℃, and the drying time is 0.2-0.5 h. The hot air may be derived from hot exhaust gas from waste heat recovery in the molten slag cooling process.
In a preferable scheme, the temperature of the melting treatment is 1150-1250 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1 h. The melting treatment can be realized by using a melting furnace including a plasma melting furnace, and the briquette with the water content of less than 3% is heated and melted.
In a preferred scheme, the product obtained by the melting treatment is rapidly cooled at a speed of not less than 600 ℃/min. By controlling the cooling rate, the secondary generation of dioxin can be effectively avoided.
In a preferable scheme, the filtrate obtained by water washing pretreatment in the step 1) and the step 2) is evaporated and crystallized to obtain valuable nonferrous metal smelting raw materials.
In a preferable scheme, the evaporative crystallization process adopts high-temperature waste gas generated in the melting treatment process to supply heat.
In a preferred embodiment, the waste incineration fly ash and the waste incineration bottom ash are fly ash and bottom ash generated by a grate incinerator or a fluidized bed incinerator.
According to the preferable scheme, a strong mixer is adopted in the granulation process to uniformly mix the mixture, then the mixture is briquetted by a double-roller ball press, the water content of the briquettes is controlled to be 8-12% (mass percentage content) due to the matching of different materials, the briquetting is facilitated, and the finally obtained briquette has the grain diameter of 10-25 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that:
1) according to the invention, the waste incineration bottom ash is classified and separately pretreated according to the properties and chemical composition characteristics of different particle sizes of the waste incineration bottom ash, and is subjected to synergistic melting treatment with the self-produced fly ash of the waste incineration power plant under the conditions of not leaving a factory and not additionally adding a melting auxiliary agent, so that a low-melting-point mixture is formed by utilizing the cooperation of respective chemical composition components, the melting treatment temperature is reduced, the treatment energy consumption is reduced, and the treatment cost is saved.
2) The invention reduces heavy metal-containing smoke dust generated in the melting process, avoids secondary pollution and reduces the heavy metal content in the slag by removing the heavy metals in the waste incineration fly ash and the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of-1 mm in advance.
3) The invention effectively avoids secondary pollution caused by dust emission in the transfer treatment process by briquetting the low-melting-point mixture obtained by melting the waste incineration fly ash and the bottom ash.
4) The method provided by the invention can be used for evaporating and crystallizing the heavy metal-containing filtrate by using the hot waste gas generated in the melting and melting treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash and the bottom ash, so that the valuable non-ferrous metallurgical raw materials are obtained while the heat energy is effectively utilized, the characteristic of green circular economy is embodied, and the treatment cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described in more complete detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available products or products obtained by a known method.
Comparative example 1
The high-temperature melting characteristics of the waste incineration fly ash and waste incineration bottom ash of a certain waste incineration power plant are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 high-temperature melting characteristics of fly ash and bottom ash from incineration of refuse
| Categories | Deformation temperature/. degree.C | Softening temperature/. degree.C | Melting temperature/. degree.C | Flow temperature/. degree.C |
| Waste incineration fly ash | 1255 | 1330 | 1435 | 1448 |
| Bottom ash for refuse incineration | 1238 | 1288 | 1347 | 1371 |
Example 1
And (3) carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration fly ash and water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1kg to 5L, and then carrying out filter pressing treatment, wherein the waste incineration fly ash is dehydrated until the water content is 15%. Performing magnetic separation and screening classification treatment on the waste incineration bottom ash, performing water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of less than 1mm and water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1kg to 10L, performing filter pressing treatment, and dehydrating until the water content of the waste incineration bottom ash is 11.4%; performing gravity separation pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of 1-3 mm obtained by screening, and recovering part of heavy metal particles; carrying out ore grinding pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm obtained by screening until the average particle size is less than 3 mm; the materials after various pretreatments are mixed strongly, and the obtained mixture mainly comprises the following chemical components: (CaO + MgO)/SiO2In a mass ratio of 0.6 to Al2O3/SiO2The mass ratio was 0.18, and the Ca/Fe mass ratio was 4.5. Granulating by a pair of roller ball press machine to obtain the blocks with the grain diameter of 25 mm. The block mass is dried by hot air, the temperature of hot waste gas is 260 ℃, and the drying time is 0.2 h. The high temperature melting characteristics of the resulting mixed system are shown in Table 2, with the flow temperature dropping to 1195 ℃. The lumps are melted and treated for 0.8h at 1195 ℃, then quenched at the cooling rate of 600 ℃/min, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity of the obtained glass meets the national standard.
TABLE 2 high-temperature melting characteristics of mixed system of fly ash from waste incineration and bottom ash
| Deformation temperature/. degree.C | Softening temperature/. degree.C | Melting temperature/. degree.C | Flow temperature/. degree.C |
| 1163 | 1176 | 1184 | 1195 |
Example 2
Carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration fly ash and water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1kg to 10L, and then carrying out filter pressing treatment, and dehydrating until the water content of the waste incineration fly ash is 10%. Performing magnetic separation and screening classification treatment on the waste incineration bottom ash, performing water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of less than 1mm and water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1kg to 5L, performing filter pressing treatment, and dehydrating until the water content of the waste incineration bottom ash is 10%; carrying out gravity separation pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within 1-3 mm obtained by screening; screening to obtain waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm, and carrying out ore grinding pretreatment until the average particle size is less than 3 mm; the materials after various pretreatments are mixed strongly, and the obtained mixture mainly comprises the following chemical components: (CaO + MgO)/SiO2In a mass ratio of 1.36, Al2O3/SiO2The mass ratio was 0.20 and the Ca/Fe mass ratio was 10.0. Granulating by a roller ball press machine to obtain a briquette with the particle size of 10 mm. The block mass is dried by hot air, the temperature of hot waste gas is 150 ℃, and the drying time is 0.5 h. The high temperature melting characteristics of the resulting mixed system are shown in Table 3, with the flow temperature reduced to 1210 ℃. Melting the block at 1210 deg.C for 0.6hQuenching at the cooling rate of 600 ℃/min, wherein the leaching toxicity of heavy metal of the obtained glass meets the national standard.
TABLE 3 high-temperature melting characteristics of mixed system of fly ash from waste incineration and bottom ash
| Deformation temperature/. degree.C | Softening temperature/. degree.C | Melting temperature/. degree.C | Flow temperature/. degree.C |
| 1174 | 1186 | 1194 | 1210 |
Comparative example 1
Crushing the waste incineration bottom ash to be less than 3mm, and directly mixing the crushed waste incineration bottom ash and the fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of the waste incineration bottom ash to the fly ash is 3: 1. The high-temperature melting characteristics of the resulting mixed system are shown in Table 4, and the melting temperature of the system is still above 1350 ℃. And the content of metal dust in the melting process is higher.
TABLE 4 high-temperature melting characteristics of mixed system of fly ash from waste incineration and bottom ash
| Deformation temperatureDegree/. degree.C | Softening temperature/. degree.C | Melting temperature/. degree.C | Flow temperature/. degree.C |
| 1235 | 1308 | 1355 | 1396 |
Comparative example 2
Carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration fly ash and water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1kg to 10L, and then carrying out filter pressing treatment, and dehydrating until the water content of the waste incineration fly ash is 10%. Performing magnetic separation and screening classification treatment on the waste incineration bottom ash, performing water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of less than 1mm and water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1kg to 5L, performing filter pressing treatment, and dehydrating until the water content of the waste incineration bottom ash is 10%; carrying out gravity separation pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within 1-3 mm obtained by screening; screening to obtain waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm, and carrying out ore grinding pretreatment until the average particle size is less than 3 mm; the materials after various pretreatments are mixed strongly, and the obtained mixture mainly comprises the following chemical components: (CaO + MgO)/SiO2Has a mass ratio of 2.82 to Al2O3/SiO2The mass ratio was 0.16 and the Ca/Fe mass ratio was 20.87. Granulating by a roller ball press machine to obtain a briquette with the particle size of 10 mm. The block mass is dried by hot air, the temperature of hot waste gas is 150 ℃, and the drying time is 0.5 h. The high-temperature melting characteristics of the resulting mixed system are shown in Table 5, and the melting temperature and the flow temperature of the system are not significantly lowered.
TABLE 5 high-temperature melting characteristics of refuse incineration fly ash and bottom ash mixed system
| Deformation temperature/. degree.C | Softening temperature/. degree.C | Melting temperature/. degree.C | Flow temperature/. degree.C |
| 1260 | 1325 | 1420 | 1432 |
Claims (10)
1. A method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration fly ash;
2) carrying out magnetic separation and screening classification treatment on the waste incineration bottom ash, carrying out water washing pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size smaller than 1mm obtained by screening, carrying out gravity separation pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 1-3 mm obtained by screening, and carrying out ore grinding pretreatment on the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size within the range of 3-25 mm obtained by screening;
3) mixing the various pretreated waste incineration bottom ashes in the step 2), granulating the mixture with the washed pretreated waste incineration fly ash in the step 1), and drying and melting the obtained granules.
2. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) after the waste incineration fly ash and water are mixed and washed according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1kg: 5-10L, performing filter pressing treatment, and dehydrating until the water content of the waste incineration fly ash is 10-15%.
3. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and mixing and washing the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of less than 1mm and water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1kg: 5-10L, and then performing filter pressing treatment, wherein the waste incineration bottom ash is dehydrated until the water content is 10-15%.
4. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and grinding the waste incineration bottom ash with the particle size of 3-25 mm until the average particle size is not higher than 3 mm.
5. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the chemical composition of the granules satisfies: (CaO + MgO)/SiO2In a mass ratio of 0.6 to 1.36, Al2O3/SiO2The mass ratio is not less than 0.18, and the mass ratio of Ca to Fe is 4.5-10.0.
6. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drying treatment adopts hot air drying, the temperature of the hot air is 150-260 ℃, and the drying time is 0.2-0.5 h.
7. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the melting treatment is 1150-1250 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1 h.
8. The method for harmless treatment of fly ash and bottom ash from waste incineration by low-temperature fusion according to claim 7, wherein: and rapidly cooling the product obtained by the melting treatment at a speed of not less than 600 ℃/min.
9. The method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the bottom ash of the waste incineration by low-temperature melting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) evaporating and crystallizing the filtrate obtained by the water washing pretreatment in the step 1) and the step 2) to obtain the valuable nonferrous metal smelting raw material.
10. The method for harmless treatment of fly ash and bottom ash from waste incineration by low-temperature fusion according to claim 9, wherein: the evaporation crystallization process adopts high-temperature waste gas generated in the melting treatment process to supply heat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910629363.4A CN110252776B (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910629363.4A CN110252776B (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110252776A CN110252776A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110252776B true CN110252776B (en) | 2020-08-18 |
Family
ID=67925915
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910629363.4A Active CN110252776B (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110252776B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113251423A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 合肥工业大学 | Stabilization treatment system and treatment method for household garbage incineration ash |
| CN113369285B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2023-01-06 | 浙江大学 | Method for stably solidifying heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash by carbonation method |
| CN113402257A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南国发控股有限公司 | Formula and method for producing foamed ceramic by taking waste incineration fly ash as main body |
| CN113814207B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-12-09 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for degrading dioxin in household garbage incineration fly ash at low temperature in pyrolysis furnace |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100562169B1 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2006-03-20 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | Manufacturing method of lightweight aggregate using ash from municipal and industrial solid waste incinerators |
| CN103846267A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-11 | 大连东泰产业废弃物处理有限公司 | Method for processing fly ash from burning of garbage |
| CN108043859A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-18 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of domestic garbage incineration flyash innocuity disposal system and method |
| CN108640523B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-03-19 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing microcrystalline glass by using waste incineration ash and acid-washing sludge |
| CN109734307B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-03-24 | 中南大学 | Method for low-energy-consumption melting and efficient solidification of heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash |
-
2019
- 2019-07-12 CN CN201910629363.4A patent/CN110252776B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110252776A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110252776B (en) | Method for harmlessly treating waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash through low-temperature melting | |
| CN112442589B (en) | Method and system for co-processing waste incineration fly ash and zinc-containing dust and mud of iron and steel plant | |
| CN112111656B (en) | Method for co-processing zinc-containing and iron-containing dust by blast furnace and rotary kiln | |
| CN110369451B (en) | Method for synergistically and comprehensively utilizing sintering machine head ash and waste incineration fly ash | |
| CN109055729B (en) | Method for resource utilization of sludge biochar | |
| CN113680795B (en) | Method for energy-efficient synergistic treatment of waste incineration fly ash and multi-source solid waste | |
| CN101942571A (en) | Method for innocently treating and recycling chromium residues and metallurgical waste material | |
| CN110373546B (en) | Synergistic melting treatment method for iron-rich metallurgical dust and high-calcium waste incineration fly ash | |
| WO2011029269A1 (en) | Method for innocuously treating chromium residue using metallurgical roasting and blast furnace | |
| CN105603214A (en) | Method for producing ferronickel by directly reducing laterite-nickel ore in rotary kiln | |
| CN113247932A (en) | System for preparing polyaluminum chloride from aluminum ash and manufacturing method of polyaluminum chloride | |
| CN103805787A (en) | Method for recycling valuable metal from sulfur concentrate cinders | |
| CN113402257A (en) | Formula and method for producing foamed ceramic by taking waste incineration fly ash as main body | |
| CN110283996A (en) | A kind of smelting process of energy-saving and environment-friendly copper-contained sludge | |
| KR101493965B1 (en) | Process for recovering iron and zinc from iron and zinc-bearing waste | |
| CN112981027A (en) | Direct smelting process device for iron-containing zinc-containing solid waste in iron and steel plant | |
| Singh et al. | Recycling of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) sludge in iron and steel works | |
| CN102634614A (en) | Recycling treatment method for zinc-containing ironmaking and steelmaking intermediate slag | |
| KR101493968B1 (en) | Process for recovering valuable metals from wastes produced during the manufacture and the processing of stainless steel | |
| CN107523691B (en) | A method of extracting valuable metal from industrial produced wastes | |
| CN214694260U (en) | Direct smelting process device for iron-containing zinc-containing solid waste in iron and steel plant | |
| CN114438314A (en) | Process for using stainless steel pickling sludge as iron ore concentrate sintering ingredient | |
| CN106834667A (en) | The pretreating process of slag dirt in a kind of steel smelting procedure | |
| CN114951249A (en) | Method for cooperatively treating heavy metal polluted soil containing zinc, chromium and the like by using rotary kiln | |
| CN110004291B (en) | Method for efficiently treating ferrous metallurgy dust and co-producing direct reduced iron powder |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract | ||
| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |
Application publication date: 20190920 Assignee: HUNAN RUIYI ZIHUAN TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Assignor: CENTRAL SOUTH University Contract record no.: X2023980053144 Denomination of invention: A method for low-temperature melting harmless treatment of waste incineration fly ash and bottom ash Granted publication date: 20200818 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20231226 |