CN110244148B - New energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning - Google Patents
New energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning Download PDFInfo
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- CN110244148B CN110244148B CN201910583488.8A CN201910583488A CN110244148B CN 110244148 B CN110244148 B CN 110244148B CN 201910583488 A CN201910583488 A CN 201910583488A CN 110244148 B CN110244148 B CN 110244148B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/001—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI test method based on FFT and point frequency scanning, which comprises the steps of carrying out first EMI test, collecting full-band EMI based on FFT spectrum analysis, subtracting an EMI measured value and an EMI test standard limit value to calculate an EMI characteristic value, calculating a characteristic frequency point, collecting automobile speed and calculating automobile acceleration; identifying the working conditions of the automobile according to the speed and the acceleration, and calculating a characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition; according to the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition, calculating the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition and the frequency range corresponding to the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points; and performing a second EMI test, performing point frequency scanning on the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition, and performing FFT spectrum analysis on the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points of each working condition. According to the method, the high-precision EMI test of the new energy automobile under the dynamic working condition can be realized only by acquiring the full-band EMI and the automobile speed, and the effectiveness and the accuracy of the EMI test of the new energy automobile are guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an EMI test method, in particular to a new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI test method based on FFT and point frequency scanning.
Background
The new energy automobile is rapidly developed and is gradually becoming an important vehicle. However, compared with other types of automobiles, new energy automobiles have more and more complex electronic devices, and generate serious electromagnetic Interference (EMI) in a charging and discharging state, and the EMI test is one of the necessary test items of the new energy automobiles.
At present, relevant EMI test standards (such as CISPR 12: 2009, ECE 10.05, SAE J551-5-2012, GB/T18387-.
When performing FFT spectrum analysis, the more the frequency points are, the longer a frame of spectrum analysis takes, and at a certain time consumption of a single frame of spectrum analysis, the larger the frequency range, the lower the frequency resolution may be.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning, and the purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning comprises the following steps:
a, performing a first EMI test, acquiring full-band EMI based on FFT spectrum analysis, subtracting an EMI measurement value from an EMI test standard limit value to obtain an EMI characteristic value, then calculating a characteristic frequency point, acquiring the automobile speed, and calculating the automobile acceleration;
b, identifying the dynamic working conditions of the automobile according to the speed and the acceleration of the automobile, and calculating the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition;
c, calculating the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition and the frequency range corresponding to the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points according to the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition;
and D, performing a second EMI test, performing point frequency scanning on the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition, and performing FFT spectrum analysis on the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points of each working condition.
One or more embodiments of the present invention may have the following advantages over the prior art:
according to the method, the working condition identification mathematical model is established according to the dynamic working condition speed and acceleration characteristics, the mathematical model is determined according to the characteristic frequency points of the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram, the interesting frequency band is found only by acquiring the full-frequency-band EMI and the automobile speed, the high-precision EMI test of the new energy automobile under the dynamic working condition can be realized, and the effectiveness and the accuracy of the EMI test of the new energy automobile are ensured.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning;
FIG. 2 is a new energy automobile dynamic condition EMI test method program framework based on FFT and point-frequency scanning.
Detailed Description
According to the technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of structural modes and manufacturing methods of the invention can be provided by a person with ordinary skill in the art without changing the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely specific illustrations of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as all of the present invention or as limitations or limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a new energy vehicle dynamic condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point-frequency scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the following describes in detail a flow of an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the new energy automobile dynamic condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point-frequency scanning provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1, performing a first EMI test, acquiring full-band EMI based on FFT spectrum analysis, subtracting an EMI measured value from an EMI test standard limit value to obtain an EMI characteristic value, then calculating a characteristic frequency point, acquiring the speed of the automobile, and calculating the acceleration of the automobile;
step 2, identifying the dynamic working conditions of the automobile according to the speed and the acceleration of the automobile, and calculating the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition;
step 3, calculating the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition and the frequency range corresponding to the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points according to the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition;
and 4, performing a second EMI test, performing point frequency scanning on the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition, and performing FFT spectrum analysis on the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points of each working condition.
As shown in fig. 2, the step 1 specifically includes: placing an antenna in a shielding room to receive an EMI signal, performing spectrum analysis on the signal by using FFT (fast Fourier transform), and acquiring EMI measurement values, wherein the EMI measurement values comprise multiframe spectrograms in a period of time, and one frame of spectrogram measurement values are recorded as
Pmeasured=[p1(x1,y1),p2(x2,y2),p3(x3,y3),...,ps(xs,ys),...,tmark]Where x is frequency, y is amplitude, tmarkFor time stamping, the measured amplitude is set as Y ═ Y1,y2,y3,...,ys]The amplitude limit function is denoted as f according to the relevant test standardlimit(x) Set of amplitude limits Ylimit=[flimit(x1),flimit(x2),flimit(x3),...,flimit(xs)]Then the set of eigenvalues Ychar=Y-Ylimit. The characteristic frequency point of the frame spectrogram is psuspect(xsuspect,ychar_max,tmark) Wherein y ischar_max=max{Ychar}。
A rotating speed sensor is arranged at a rotary drum of the chassis dynamometer to acquire the angular speed of the rotary drum, the vehicle speed v is equal to the linear speed of the rotary drum under the condition that the wheels and the rotary drum on the chassis dynamometer do not slide relatively, and the acceleration a is as follows:
where Δ v is the speed change amount and Δ t is the time change amount.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for identifying the dynamic condition of the vehicle based on the speed and the acceleration in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
setting a short time t of the new energy automobileobserveWith n velocity measurements, the velocity set being Vmeasured=[v1,v2,...,vi,...,vn]The acceleration is Acalculated=[a1,a2,...,ai,...]Then there is tobserveInner minimum velocity vmin=min{Vmeasured}, minimum acceleration amin=min{AcalculatedThe maximum acceleration amax=max{Acalculated}。
If a is detectedmin>aT_accTo avoid erroneous judgment, wherein aT_accIf the threshold value is a very small positive threshold value, the new energy automobile can be judged to be in an acceleration working condition; if v is detectedi≥vmin>vidling、amax<-aT_slideWherein v isidlingFor idle speed, to avoid false positives, aT_accIf the value is a very small positive threshold value, the new energy automobile can be judged to be in the sliding deceleration working condition; if a is detectedi≤amax<aslide-aT_brakeWherein a isslideFor idle acceleration, to avoid false positives, aT_brakeIf the value is a small positive threshold value, the new energy automobile can be judged to be in a braking and decelerating working condition.
Setting the time period of acceleration as t1~t2The time period of the sliding deceleration working condition is t2~t3The braking deceleration working condition time period is t3~t4. When t is1≤tmark<t2If the characteristic frequency point is the data in the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram under the acceleration working condition; when t is2≤tmark<t3If the characteristic frequency point is the data in the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of the sliding deceleration working condition; when t is3≤tmark<t4If the characteristic frequency point is in the distribution diagram of the characteristic frequency points of the braking deceleration working conditionAnd (4) data.
The step 3 specifically includes:
setting a characteristic frequency point set in a dynamic working condition as
Pchar=[pchar_1(xchar_1,ychar_max_1,tmark_1),...,pchar_z(xchar_z,ychar_max_z,tmark_z)]Then the amplitude set of the characteristic frequency points is Ychar_max=[ychar_max_1,...,ychar_max_z]Maximum eigenvalue yU_max=max{Ychar_maxF, the frequency f corresponding to the maximum characteristic valueU_max。
Taking a frequency left boundary as fleftFrequency width is w, amplitude lower boundary is UdownThe amplitude length l is equal to Umax-UdownThe rectangular area is used as a local observation area IIfThen, pifThe amplitude range of the characteristic frequency point is [ U ]down,Umax]A frequency range of [ fleft,fleft+w]. Is provided with N characteristic frequency points NfIn the region, the ratio of N to wl is defined as the characteristic frequency point density ρ, i.e., ρ is N/wl. Local observation area pi of movable rectanglefObtaining the maximum value rho of the density of the characteristic frequency pointmaxThen ρmaxThe corresponding frequency range of the region is | fρ_max,fρ_max+w|。
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning is characterized in that the method is based on full-band EMI collection, automobile speed collection, working condition identification mathematical model and characteristic frequency point determination mathematical model, and comprises the following steps:
step A, performing a first EMI test, acquiring full-band EMI based on FFT spectrum analysis, subtracting an EMI measurement value from an EMI test standard limit value to obtain an EMI characteristic value, then calculating a characteristic frequency point, acquiring the automobile speed, and calculating the automobile acceleration;
b, identifying dynamic working conditions of the automobile according to the speed and the acceleration of the automobile, and calculating a characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition;
step C, calculating the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition and the frequency range corresponding to the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points according to the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition;
step D, performing a second EMI test, performing point frequency scanning on the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of each working condition, and performing FFT spectrum analysis on the region with the maximum density of the characteristic frequency points of each working condition;
and C, the calculation method of the maximum area of the frequency corresponding to the maximum characteristic value and the density of the characteristic frequency points comprises the following steps:
setting a characteristic frequency point set in a dynamic working condition as follows:
Pchar=[pchar_1(xchar_1,ychar_max_1,tmark_1),...,pchar_z(xchar_z,ychar_max_z,tmark_z)]then the amplitude set of the characteristic frequency points is Ychar_max=[ychar_max_1,...,ychar_max_z]Maximum eigenvalue yU_max=max{Ychar_maxF, the frequency f corresponding to the maximum characteristic valueU_max;
Taking a frequency left boundary as fleftFrequency width is w, amplitude lower boundary is UdownThe amplitude length l is equal to Umax-UdownThe rectangular area is used as a local observation area IIfThen, pifThe amplitude range of the characteristic frequency point is [ U ]down,Umax]A frequency range of [ fleft,fleft+w](ii) a Is provided with N characteristic frequency points NfIn the region, defining the ratio of N to wl as the density ρ of the characteristic frequency points, that is, ρ is N/wl; local observation area pi of movable rectanglefObtaining the maximum value rho of the density of the characteristic frequency pointmaxThen ρmaxRegion-corresponding frequency range of [ fρ_max,fρ_max+w]。
2. The new energy automobile dynamic condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point-frequency scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step A specifically includes: placing an antenna in a shielding room to receive an EMI signal, performing spectrum analysis on the signal by using FFT (fast Fourier transform), and acquiring EMI measurement values, wherein the EMI measurement values comprise multiframe spectrograms in a period of time, and one frame of spectrogram measurement value is marked as Pmeasured=[p1(x1,y1),p2(x2,y2),p3(x3,y3),...,ps(xs,ys),...,tmark]Where x is frequency, y is amplitude, tmarkFor time stamping, the measured amplitude is set as Y ═ Y1,y2,y3,...,ys]The amplitude limit function is denoted as f according to the relevant test standardlimit(x) Set of amplitude limits Ylimit=[flimit(x1),flimit(x2),flimit(x3),...,flimit(xs)]Then the set of eigenvalues Ychar=Y-Ylimit(ii) a The characteristic frequency point of the frame spectrogram is psuspect(xsuspect,ychar_max,tmark) Wherein y ischar_max=max{Ychar};
A rotating speed sensor is arranged at a rotary drum of the chassis dynamometer to acquire the angular speed of the rotary drum, the vehicle speed v is equal to the linear speed of the rotary drum under the condition that the wheels and the rotary drum on the chassis dynamometer do not slide relatively, and the acceleration a is as follows:
where Δ v is the speed change amount and Δ t is the time change amount.
3. The new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point-frequency scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step B: the method for identifying the dynamic working condition of the automobile according to the speed and the acceleration of the automobile comprises the following steps:
setting a short time t of the new energy automobileobserveWith n velocity measurements, the velocity set being Vmeasured=[v1,v2,...,vi,...,vn]The acceleration is Acalculated=[a1,a2,...,ai,...]Then there is tobserveInner minimum velocity vmin=min{Vmeasured}, minimum acceleration amin=min{AcalculatedThe maximum acceleration amax=max{Acalculated};
If a is detectedmin>aT_accTo avoid erroneous judgment, wherein aT_accIf the threshold value is a very small positive threshold value, the new energy automobile can be judged to be in an acceleration working condition; if v is detectedi≥vmin>vidling、amax<-aT_slideWherein v isidlingFor idle speed, to avoid false positives, aT_accIf the value is a very small positive threshold value, the new energy automobile can be judged to be in the sliding deceleration working condition; if a is detectedi≤amax<aslide-aT_brakeWherein a isslideFor idle acceleration, to avoid false positives, aT_brakeIf the value is a small positive threshold value, the new energy automobile can be judged to be in a braking and decelerating working condition.
4. The new energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for calculating characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of each working condition in the step B is:
setting the time period of acceleration as t1~t2The time period of the sliding deceleration working condition is t2~t3The braking deceleration working condition time period is t3~t4(ii) a When t is1≤tmark<t2If the characteristic frequency point is the data in the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram under the acceleration working condition; when t is2≤tmark<t3Then the characteristicThe characteristic frequency points are data in a characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of the sliding deceleration working condition; when t is3≤tmark<t4If the characteristic frequency point is the data in the characteristic frequency point distribution diagram of the braking and decelerating working condition; said t ismarkIs a time stamp.
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