CN110243698A - Cut damage area method for rapidly estimating in surface based on structural plane overall process Visualization - Google Patents
Cut damage area method for rapidly estimating in surface based on structural plane overall process Visualization Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
- G01B11/285—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas using photoelectric detection means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Image Processing (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of surface based on structural plane overall process Visualization cut damage area method for rapidly estimating, based on petrophysical model structural plane shearing test overall process method for visualizing, it is adjusted using the optimization that the algorithm voluntarily write carries out image to the image restored, then is quickly cut damage areal calculation.And quickly analysis can be reached under different structure face configuration of surface and different stress conditions, structural plane cuts the changing rule of damage area according to the information such as structural plane shearing test result and structural plane modification of surface morphology.The present invention utilizes multi-faceted CCD measuring technique, and precise measurement shears the three-dimensional appearance gradual change situation of overall process, and handles the structural plane image at specific moment, calculates it and cuts damage area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petrophysical model structural plane shearing tests, especially a kind of to be based on structural plane overall process Visualization
Surface cut damage area method for rapidly estimating.
Background technique
Rock mass is collectively formed by a large amount of discontinuous structure faces and the sillar for dividing formation by these structural planes, joint
The unstability of rock mass is frequently not to destroy because of material itself, but it is broken that slipping property occurs along the weak structural face of rock mass
It is bad.It is rock using the transparent material model test of similar quality to study the destruction situation of rock mass structural plane when destroying
One of the important method of mechanical property of structural plane laboratory test research.Previous scholars carry out mechanical test using transparent material, with
Reach the visual purpose of overall process of rock structural face in research shearing test, but the petrophysical model experimental study of forefathers can not
Quickly accurate description scheme face overall process cuts the value and its corresponding changing rule of damage area.Studies have shown that structural plane surface
Destructive characteristics of the form in shear history determine peak shear strength, and current direct shear test can only often measure structure
The either rough process description of the final damage -form in face surface, it is three-dimensional in shear history can not accurately to obtain structural plane
The gradual change law of pattern.Some scholars are carried out using transparent materials such as resins to structural plane overall process transparence research in recent years,
But without proposing that any time structural plane cuts damage area and its rule in quickly accurate calculating shear history.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome previous test that can not accurately reflect the shearing progressive formation of structural plane surface topography, the present invention with
Structural plane mesh tracing reduction technique is the basis of structural plane shearing test, and using multi-faceted CCD measuring technique, precise measurement is cut
The three-dimensional appearance gradual change situation of overall process is cut, and the structural plane image at specific moment is handled, it is calculated and cuts damage area.It should
Method provides a kind of high-precision test method for the shearing strength mechanical characteristic assessment of structural plane.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Damage area method for rapidly estimating is cut on a kind of surface based on structural plane overall process Visualization, the method includes
Following steps:
Certain moment rock structural face of step 1. cuts the quick accurate description of damage area, and process is as follows:
1.1 extract the rock structural face image that a CCD camera obtains, and determine each point and ensemble average brightness value and its institute
There is the fog-level in grid dividing region, and adjusts the brightness in each region or entirety according to value achieved above；
1.2 are adjusted to the color mode of image 8 grayscale images, and compare according to adjusting the case where actual grey figure
Degree；
Damage region minimum area is cut in 1.3 settings, and determines its optimal threshold；
1.4 convert the grayscale image that adjustment is completed to the bianry image that share zone is shown with outer profile, and shearing is arranged
Region area computational accuracy；
1.5 obtained share zone outer profiles are divided into the polygon for meeting computational accuracy, and mention from image simultaneously
Take the coordinate of each endpoint of polygon；
1.6 utilize each extreme coordinates, carry out cutting damage region area using following formula and its account for total area percentage
The calculating of ratio:
Wherein, xn+1=x1, yn+1=y1；
Wherein, S is structural plane area, and d is the percentage cut damage region area and account for structural plane area；
Step 2. overall process cuts the quick accurate description of damage area, and process is as follows:
2.1 import the image that n CCD cameras obtain, and an arbitrarily selected image is calculated according to step 1, while its
Remaining image follows the adjustment of selected digital image automatically, and quickly different moments cut the variation feelings for damaging area in calculating structural plane shear history
Condition, and the figure for cutting damage area and each physical quantity is drawn, to obtain cutting the corresponding relationship of damage area and each physical quantity；
2.2 time or number by input key node extracted corresponding image and its cut damage region area, thus
Achieve the effect that quick analysis of key shearing point pattern.
Technical concept of the invention are as follows: the present invention is using petrophysical model structural plane shearing test overall process method for visualizing as base
Plinth is adjusted using the optimization that the algorithm voluntarily write carries out image to the image restored, then is quickly cut damage face
Product calculates.And it can reach quick according to the information such as structural plane shearing test result and structural plane modification of surface morphology
Under different structure face configuration of surface and different stress conditions, structural plane cuts the changing rule of damage area for analysis.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: being with petrophysical model structural plane shearing test overall process method for visualizing
Basis can be used the optimization that the software voluntarily write carries out image to the image restored and adjust, then carries out quickly
Cut damage areal calculation.And it can be reached according to the information such as structural plane shearing test result and structural plane modification of surface morphology
To quick analysis under different structure face configuration of surface and different stress conditions, structural plane cuts the changing rule of damage area, from
And a kind of high-precision measuring method is provided for the damage area assessment of cutting of structural plane.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is reduction image graph.
Fig. 2 is the bianry image be converted into after optimum image adjustment.
Fig. 3 is the shooting image in chronological sequence to sort and its corresponding goes back original image and bianry image.
Fig. 4 is image processing process schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that the displacement of example and accumulative cut damage area relationship figure.
Fig. 6 is that the time of example and accumulative cut damage area relationship figure.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The damage area quickly side of measuring and calculating is cut on referring to Fig.1~Fig. 6, a kind of surface based on structural plane overall process Visualization
Method, described method includes following steps:
Certain moment rock structural face of step 1. cuts the quick accurate description of damage area, and process is as follows:
1.1 extract the rock structural face image that a CCD camera obtains, and determine each point and ensemble average brightness value and its institute
There is the fog-level in grid dividing region, and adjusts the brightness in each region or entirety according to value achieved above；
1.2 are adjusted to the color mode of image 8 grayscale images, and compare according to adjusting the case where actual grey figure
Degree；
Damage region minimum area is cut in 1.3 settings, and determines its optimal threshold；
1.4 convert the grayscale image that adjustment is completed to the bianry image that share zone is shown with outer profile, and shearing is arranged
Region area computational accuracy；
1.5 obtained share zone outer profiles are divided into the polygon for meeting computational accuracy, and mention from image simultaneously
Take the coordinate of each endpoint of polygon；
1.6 utilize each extreme coordinates, carry out cutting damage region area using following formula and its account for total area percentage
The calculating of ratio:
Wherein, xn+1=x1, yn+1=y1；
Wherein, S is structural plane area, and d is the percentage cut damage region area and account for structural plane area；
Step 2. overall process cuts the quick accurate description of damage area, and process is as follows:
2.1 import the image that n CCD cameras obtain, and an arbitrarily selected image is calculated according to step 1, while its
Remaining image follows the adjustment of selected digital image automatically, and quickly different moments cut the variation feelings for damaging area in calculating structural plane shear history
Condition, and the figure for cutting damage area and each physical quantity is drawn, to obtain cutting the corresponding relationship of damage area and each physical quantity；
2.2 time or number by input key node extracted corresponding image and its cut damage region area, thus
Achieve the effect that quick analysis of key shearing point pattern.
This example quickly to accurately calculate structural plane shear history by taking image after horizontal displacement is the reduction of 4.9mm as an example
Middle structural plane cuts the situation of change of damage area, and steps are as follows:
(1) certain moment structural plane is oriented on the picture of prototype structure face according to tracking restoring method and specifically cuts damage region,
It carries out reduction and interviews in complete structure to be accurately positioned on sample or model according still further to calculated ratio, obtain any time structure
What face pattern changed specific region goes back original image；
(2) detailed treatment is carried out to the structural plane also original image that tracing and positioning is completed, picture is put into structure first
In the irregular area area statistics Survey Software of face, picture luminance, need this for structural plane image are improved according to display numerical value
The accurate image calculated is wanted, brightness adjustment 10 would not cause the white area of overexposure, so as to cause subsequent contrast's degree
There is increasing the phenomenon that actually cutting damage area in processing.
(3) suitable brightness of image has been adjusted, then the color mode of image has been changed to 8 grayscale images, and according to adjustment
The case where complete picture, carries out increase contrast operation, and contrast should not be too high, adjusts contrast to 20, is adjusted to 20 or so pair
It can achieve than degree and reduce the effect that color of image loses area change caused by information, to improve the credible of calculated result
Degree.
(4) image for having carried out brightness raising, color mode changes is further processed: uses colors countenance
Software carries out either automatically or manually optimal threshold and handles, and converts the only bianry image there are two types of color for entire gray scale picture,
The experiment of the image for needing height-precision this for structural plane model, threshold value left margin are adjusted to 20, and right margin is adjusted to 90
When image-region boundary it is obvious.It is set as the minimum area of the share zone of 0.3 or so square, so that it may effective mistake
Fleck is filtered, to improve result precision.Finally share zone is shown in the form of outer profile.
(5) after the completion of arrangement above, operation is clicked, all pictures can obtain any point by the software voluntarily write
The accumulative relationship for cutting damage region area and displacement of shearing, such as table 1, shown in Fig. 5.
Table 1.
Content described in the embodiment of this specification is only enumerating to the way of realization of inventive concept, is used for illustrative purposes only
On the way.Protection scope of the present invention is not construed as being only limitted to the concrete form that the present embodiment is stated, protection model of the invention
It encloses also and conceives the thinkable equivalent technologies mean of institute according to the present invention in those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. damage area method for rapidly estimating is cut on a kind of surface based on structural plane overall process Visualization, which is characterized in that institute
The method of stating includes the following steps:
Certain moment rock structural face of step 1. cuts the quick accurate description of damage area, and process is as follows:
1.1 extract the rock structural face image that a CCD camera obtains, and determine each point and ensemble average brightness value and its own
The fog-level in grid dividing region, and each region or whole brightness are adjusted according to value achieved above；
1.2 are adjusted to the color mode of image 8 grayscale images, and adjust contrast according to the case where actual grey figure；
Damage region minimum area is cut in 1.3 settings, and determines its optimal threshold；
1.4 convert the grayscale image that adjustment is completed to the bianry image that share zone is shown with outer profile, and share zone is arranged
Areal calculation precision；
1.5 obtained share zone outer profiles are divided into the polygon for meeting computational accuracy, and extract from image simultaneously more
The coordinate of each endpoint of side shape；
1.6 utilize each extreme coordinates, carry out cutting damage region area using following formula and its account for total area percentage
It calculates:
Wherein, xn+1=x1, yn+1=y1；
Wherein, S is structural plane area, and d is the percentage cut damage region area and account for structural plane area；
Step 2. overall process cuts the quick accurate description of damage area, and process is as follows:
2.1 import the image that n CCD cameras obtain, and an arbitrarily selected image is calculated according to step 1, while remaining figure
Adjustment as following selected digital image automatically, quickly different moments cut the situation of change for damaging area in calculating structural plane shear history,
And the figure for cutting damage area and each physical quantity is drawn, to obtain cutting the corresponding relationship of damage area and each physical quantity；
2.2 time or number by input key node extracted corresponding image and its cut damage region area, to reach
To the effect of quick analysis of key shearing point pattern.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110887744A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-17 | 宁波大学 | Mass data synchronous monitoring method for shear test of large-size rock mass anchoring structural plane based on circular queue |
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