CN110242317B - Transverse precision control method for shield tunnel - Google Patents

Transverse precision control method for shield tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110242317B
CN110242317B CN201910552971.XA CN201910552971A CN110242317B CN 110242317 B CN110242317 B CN 110242317B CN 201910552971 A CN201910552971 A CN 201910552971A CN 110242317 B CN110242317 B CN 110242317B
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control point
tunnel
control
total station
shield tunnel
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CN110242317A (en
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王鑫
杨永强
党西锋
吴胜涛
张立军
乔有平
张子锋
王永辉
田黎明
董晓龙
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China Railway First Engineering Group Co Ltd
Urban Rail Transit Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway First Engineering Group Co Ltd
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China Railway First Engineering Group Co Ltd
Urban Rail Transit Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway First Engineering Group Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield tunnel transverse precision control method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring an azimuth angle between a ground control edge and a true north direction; secondly, acquiring an azimuth angle between a control edge and a true north direction in the tunnel; thirdly, acquiring a coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge; and fourthly, correcting the control edge coordinate point in the shield tunnel and acquiring the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel. The method has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design and convenient realization, corrects the control edge of the extension lead in the shield tunnel calculated by the lead method by the orientation measurement coordinate azimuth angle of the gyroscope to obtain the corrected control point coordinate, guides the shield machine to tunnel along the designed axis by adopting the corrected tunnel control edge as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel, further improves the transverse precision of the shield tunnel, and avoids the tunneling azimuth deviation of the linear tunnel.

Description

Transverse precision control method for shield tunnel
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunnels, and particularly relates to a method for controlling the transverse precision of a shield tunnel.
Background
The shield tunnel is characterized in that a shield machine is propelled in the ground, surrounding rocks around the shield machine are supported by a shield shell and duct pieces to prevent collapse of the shield machine into the tunnel, meanwhile, a cutting device is used for excavating soil in front of an excavation surface, the shield machine is transported out of a tunnel through an unearthing machine, is pressed and jacked at the rear part by a jack, and precast concrete duct pieces are spliced to form a tunnel structure. However, the space in the tunnel constructed by the shield method is narrow, and the tunnel plane control measurement is generally carried out in a branch lead form. As the length of the tunnel excavated by the shield machine is continuously increased, the underground lead is extended and established along with the tunnel, and the lateral precision control of the branch lead is difficult. Because the lateral error of the wire increases in an increasing fashion as the wire extends, the longer the wire, the faster the rate of increase. The too large transverse error causes that the shield tunnel does not meet the driving limit. Therefore, a method for controlling the transverse precision of the shield tunnel, which has simple steps and reasonable design, is absent at present, the control edge of the extension lead in the shield tunnel calculated by a lead method is corrected by a gyro directional measurement coordinate azimuth angle to obtain the corrected control point coordinate, the corrected tunnel control edge is used as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel to guide the shield machine to tunnel, the transverse precision of the shield tunnel is further improved, and the directional deviation of the tunneling of the linear tunnel is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for controlling the transverse precision of the shield tunnel aiming at the defects in the prior art, the method has simple steps, reasonable design and convenient realization, the control edge of the extension lead in the shield tunnel calculated by a lead method is corrected by a gyro directional measurement coordinate azimuth angle, the corrected control point coordinate is obtained, the corrected tunnel control edge is adopted as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel to guide the shield machine to tunnel along the design axis, the transverse precision of the shield tunnel is further improved, and the tunneling direction deviation of the linear tunnel is avoided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a shield tunnel transverse precision control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, acquiring an azimuth angle between a ground control edge and a true north direction:
step 101, at a shield tunnel entrance stationThe ground above the main body is provided with a control point A and a control point B, and the coordinate (X) of the control point A under a Gaussian plane coordinate system is obtainedA,YA) And coordinates (X) of control point BB,YB) (ii) a And the connecting line of the control point A and the control point B is marked as a control edge AB;
step 102, erecting a gyroscopic total station at the control point A, and erecting a circular prism at the control point B; and inputting the latitude value phi of the control point A in the gyro total stationA；
Step 103, obtaining a primary measurement value A of an azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction by adopting a gyroscopic total station0；
Step two, acquiring an azimuth angle between a control edge and a true north direction in the tunnel:
step 201, setting a control point P1 in the shield tunnel, setting a control point P2 in the advancing direction of the shield tunnel, and acquiring the coordinate (X) of the control point P1 in the Gaussian plane coordinate systemP1,YP1) And the coordinate (X) of the control point P2P2,YP2) (ii) a And the connection line between the control point P1 and the control point P2 is recorded as a control edge P1P2；
Step 202, erecting a gyroscopic total station at the control point P1, and erecting a circular prism at the control point P2; and inputting the latitude value phi of the control point P1 in the gyro total stationp1；
Step 203, obtaining a control edge P by adopting a gyroscopic total station1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2；
Step three, obtaining the coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge:
step 301, repeating step 103 to obtain a secondary measurement value A 'of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction'0；
Step 302, using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000021
Obtaining the included angle alpha between the control edge AB and the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate system0；
Step 303, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000022
Obtaining a constant delta of the gyroscopic total station;
step 304, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000031
Obtaining the average latitude phi of the two mirror points; using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000032
Obtain a control edge AB and a control edge P1P2The difference of meridian convergence angle δ therebetweenγ(ii) a Wherein R represents the earth radius, and R ═ 6371 km;
step 305, adopting a computer to obtain the formula alpha-alpha0-(A0-A2)+δγObtaining a control edge P1P2A first calculation included angle alpha with the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate system;
correcting the control edge coordinate point in the shield tunnel and acquiring the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel:
step 401, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000033
Obtaining a control edge P1P2A second calculated included angle alpha with the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate systemp；
Step 402, using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000034
Obtaining a control edge P1P2Average value alpha of included angle between the mean value and X-axis direction in Gaussian plane coordinate systemj；
Step 403, adopting a computer to calculate according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000035
The distance D between the control point P1 and the control point P2 is obtainedp；
Step 404, adoptComputer according to formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000036
Corrected coordinates P 'of the control point P1 are obtained'1(X′P1,Y′P1) Using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000037
Corrected coordinates P 'of the control point P2 are obtained'2(X′P2,Y′P2) The corrected coordinates of control point P1 and the corrected coordinates of control point P2 are connected to obtain corrected tunnel control edge P'1P′2And then the corrected tunnel control side P'1P′2The transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel.
The transverse precision control method of the shield tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 103, a gyro total station is adopted to obtain a primary measurement value A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0The specific process is as follows:
step 1031, adjusting the circular prism at the left collimation control point B of the gyro total station disc, and recording the reading alpha of the left horizontal dial of the first discz1(ii) a Adjust the round prism at the gyrotron right aiming control point B and record as the first right horizontal dial reading alphay1(ii) a The center of an eyepiece in the gyroscopic total station and the center of the circular prism are positioned on the same straight line;
step 1032, repeat step 1031, record second disk left level dial reading αz2And a second right horizontal dial reading αy2；
1033, repeating 1031, recording the reading alpha of the left horizontal dial of the third dialz3And a third right horizontal dial reading αy3；
1034, adopting a computer according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000041
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the left horizontal dial of the first dial
Figure GDA0002781148900000042
Using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000043
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the right horizontal dial of the first dial
Figure GDA0002781148900000044
Step 1035, when
Figure GDA0002781148900000045
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000046
Obtaining a first measurement A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0；
When in use
Figure GDA0002781148900000047
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000048
Obtaining a first measurement A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0。
The transverse precision control method of the shield tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 203, obtaining a control edge P by adopting a gyroscopic total station1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2The specific process is as follows:
step 2031, adjusting a circular prism at a left aiming control point P2 of the gyro total station, and recording the reading alpha of a left horizontal dial of a fourth dialz4(ii) a Adjust the circular prism at the gyro total station disc right aiming control point P2 and record as the fourth disc right horizontal dial reading alphay4(ii) a The center of an eyepiece in the gyroscopic total station and the center of a circular prism at a control point P2 are positioned on the same straight line;
step 2032, repeat step 2031 and record the fifth left horizontal dial reading αz5And a fifth right horizontal dial reading αy5；
Step 2033, repeat step 2031 and record the sixth disk left horizontal dial reading αz6And a sixth disk right horizontal dial reading αy6；
2034, using computer to calculate
Figure GDA0002781148900000049
Obtain the average value of the left horizontal dial reading of the second dial
Figure GDA00027811489000000410
Using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA00027811489000000411
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the right horizontal dial of the second dial
Figure GDA00027811489000000412
Step 2035, when
Figure GDA00027811489000000413
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA00027811489000000414
Obtaining a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2；
When in use
Figure GDA0002781148900000051
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000052
Obtaining a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2。
The transverse precision control method of the shield tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the control point P1 and the control point P2 arranged in the shield tunnel are at the bottom of the shield tunnel: erecting a gyroscopic total station by using a triangular support;
when control point P1 and control point P2 provided in the shield tunnel are in the tunnel shield tunnel sidewall: erecting a gyroscopic total station and a circular prism by using a positioning device; wherein, positioner includes circular base, annular footstock and a plurality of connecting rod of connecting between circular base and annular footstock, and is a plurality of the connecting rod all is located the circumferential edge reason of circular base and annular footstock, the circular base center is provided with mounting screw, the circumference interval of annular footstock sets up a plurality of set nut, set nut's one end stretches into the medial surface of annular footstock, set nut stretches out the other end of annular footstock lateral surface and is provided with and revolves the portion of twisting.
The shield tunnel transverse precision control method is characterized in that: when a control point P1 and a control point P2 arranged in the shield tunnel are positioned at the bottom of the shield tunnel, two cross steel nails are buried at the bottom of the shield tunnel and are respectively used as a control point P1 and a control point P2;
when a control point P1 and a control point P2 arranged in the shield tunnel are positioned on the side wall of the shield tunnel, two forced centering trays are installed on the side wall of the shield tunnel, and measuring marks on the two forced centering trays are respectively used as a control point P1 and a control point P2;
the specific process of erecting the gyroscopic total station and the circular prism by adopting the positioning device is as follows:
step A, erecting a positioning device at a control point P1, wherein a mounting screw in the positioning device is mounted at a measuring mark on a forced centering tray;
b, extending the lower part of the gyroscopic total station into a positioning device, and adjusting a screwing part on the circumference of the annular top seat until one end of a positioning nut is contacted with the lower part of the gyroscopic total station; wherein the lower center of the gyroscopic total station and a control point P1 are located on the same vertical line;
and C, erecting a circular prism at a control point P2, wherein the circular prism is arranged at a measuring mark on the other forced centering tray.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method for controlling the transverse precision of the shield tunnel has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in implementation and simplicity and convenience in operation, obtains the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel, guides the shield tunneling machine to tunnel along the designed axis, and further improves the transverse precision of the shield tunnel.
2. The method for controlling the transverse precision of the shield tunnel is simple and convenient to operate and good in using effect, firstly, the azimuth angle between the ground control edge and the true north direction is obtained at one time, then the azimuth angle between the control edge in the tunnel and the true north direction is obtained, the secondary measurement value of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction is obtained again, then the coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge is obtained by utilizing the azimuth angle between the ground control edge and the true north direction, the azimuth angle between the control edge in the tunnel and the true north direction and the secondary measurement value of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction, finally the coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge is corrected by utilizing the gyro directional measurement coordinate azimuth angle to correct the control edge of the extension lead in the shield tunnel calculated by a lead method, the corrected control point coordinate is obtained, the corrected tunnel control edge is taken as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel, and the transmission error of the azimuth angle of the extension lead in the shield tunnel is reduced, the transverse precision of the shield tunnel is greatly improved, and safety accidents caused by tunnel deviation are avoided.
3. The invention provides a method for calculating the azimuth angle by directly participating the gyro azimuth angle in a wire method and realizing error-free accumulation, which can accurately, conveniently and quickly measure the azimuth angle of the control edge of the extension wire of the shield tunnel, greatly saves manpower and material resources, provides data support for the shield tunnel to tunnel along the designed axis, is favorable for improving the quality of the formed tunnel and has strong practicability.
4. The gyro total station erecting device is simple, reasonable in design, convenient and fast; in addition, the consistency of the centering of the gyro total station and the control point is ensured, the measurement precision and stability are ensured, and the operability of the gyro total station in measuring the control point is provided.
In conclusion, the method has simple steps, reasonable design and convenient implementation, corrects the control edge of the extension lead in the shield tunnel calculated by the lead method by the gyro directional measurement coordinate azimuth angle, acquires the corrected control point coordinate, guides the shield machine to tunnel along the designed axis by adopting the corrected tunnel control edge as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel, further improves the transverse precision of the shield tunnel, and avoids the directional deviation of the linear tunnel.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a method flow of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-shield tunnel entrance station main body; 2-gyroscopic total station; 3-a circular prism;
4-round base; 5, an annular top seat; 6-connecting rod;
7, mounting screws; 8-a screwing part; 9-positioning nut;
10-shield tunnel.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, a method for controlling the lateral precision of a shield tunnel includes the following steps:
step one, acquiring an azimuth angle between a ground control edge and a true north direction:
step 101, arranging a control point A and a control point B on the ground above a shield tunnel entrance station main body 1, and acquiring the coordinate (X) of the control point A in a Gaussian plane coordinate systemA,YA) And coordinates (X) of control point BB,YB) (ii) a And the connecting line of the control point A and the control point B is marked as a control edge AB;
step 102, erecting a gyroscopic total station 2 at the control point A, and erecting a circular prism 3 at the control point B; and inputting the latitude value phi of the control point A in the gyroscopic total station 2A；
Step 103, obtaining a primary measurement value A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction by adopting the gyroscopic total station 20；
Step two, acquiring an azimuth angle between a control edge and a true north direction in the tunnel:
step 201, in shield tunnelA control point P1 is provided in the tunnel 10, a control point P2 is provided in the advancing direction of the shield tunnel 10, and the coordinates (X) of the control point P1 in the gaussian plane coordinate system are obtainedP1,YP1) And the coordinate (X) of the control point P2P2,YP2) (ii) a And the connection line between the control point P1 and the control point P2 is recorded as a control edge P1P2；
Step 202, erecting a gyroscopic total station 2 at the control point P1, and erecting a circular prism 3 at the control point P2; and inputting the latitude value phi of the control point P1 in the gyroscopic total station 2p1；
Step 203, obtaining a control edge P by adopting a gyroscopic total station 21P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2；
Step three, obtaining the coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge:
step 301, repeating step 103 to obtain a secondary measurement value A 'of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction'0；
Step 302, using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000081
Obtaining the included angle alpha between the control edge AB and the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate system0；
Step 303, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000082
Obtaining a constant delta of the gyroscopic total station 2;
step 304, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000083
Obtaining the average latitude phi of the two mirror points; using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000084
Obtain a control edge AB and a control edge P1P2The difference of meridian convergence angle δ therebetweenγ(ii) a Wherein R represents the earth radius, and R ═ 6371 km;
step 305,Using a computer according to the formula alpha ═ alpha0-(A0-A2)+δγObtaining a control edge P1P2A first calculation included angle alpha with the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate system;
correcting the control edge coordinate point in the shield tunnel and acquiring the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel:
step 401, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000085
Obtaining a control edge P1P2A second calculated included angle alpha with the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate systemp；
Step 402, using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000086
Obtaining a control edge P1P2Average value alpha of included angle between the mean value and X-axis direction in Gaussian plane coordinate systemj；
Step 403, adopting a computer to calculate according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000087
The distance D between the control point P1 and the control point P2 is obtainedp；
Step 404, using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000088
Corrected coordinates P 'of the control point P1 are obtained'1(X′P1,Y′P1) Using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000089
Corrected coordinates P 'of the control point P2 are obtained'2(X′P2,Y′P2) The corrected coordinates of control point P1 and the corrected coordinates of control point P2 are connected to obtain corrected tunnel control edge P'1P′2And then the corrected tunnel control side P'1P′2The transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel.
In this embodiment, in step 103, the gyroscopic total station 2 is used to obtain a primary measurement value a of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0The specific process is as follows:
step 1031, adjusting the circular prism 3 at the left disc collimation control point B of the gyro total station 2, and recording the reading alpha of the left horizontal disc of the first discz1(ii) a Adjust the round prism 3 at the right aiming control point B of the gyro total station 2 disk and record as the reading alpha of the first right horizontal dialy1(ii) a The center of an eyepiece in the gyroscopic total station 2 and the center of the circular prism 3 are positioned on the same straight line;
step 1032, repeat step 1031, record second disk left level dial reading αz2And a second right horizontal dial reading αy2；
1033, repeating 1031, recording the reading alpha of the left horizontal dial of the third dialz3And a third right horizontal dial reading αy3；
1034, adopting a computer according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000091
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the left horizontal dial of the first dial
Figure GDA0002781148900000092
Using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000093
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the right horizontal dial of the first dial
Figure GDA0002781148900000094
Step 1035, when
Figure GDA0002781148900000095
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000096
Obtaining a first measurement A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0；
When in use
Figure GDA0002781148900000097
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000098
Obtaining a first measurement A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0。
In this embodiment, in step 203, the gyroscopic total station 2 is used to obtain the control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2The specific process is as follows:
step 2031, adjusting the circular prism 3 at the left disc collimation control point P2 of the gyroscopic total station 2, and recording the reading alpha of the left horizontal disc of the fourth discz4(ii) a Adjust the circular prism 3 at the gyro total station 2 disc right aiming control point P2 and record as the fourth disc right horizontal dial reading αy4(ii) a The center of an eyepiece in the gyroscopic total station 2 and the center of the circular prism 3 at the control point P2 are positioned on the same straight line;
step 2032, repeat step 2031 and record the fifth left horizontal dial reading αz5And a fifth right horizontal dial reading αy5；
Step 2033, repeat step 2031 and record the sixth disk left horizontal dial reading αz6And a sixth disk right horizontal dial reading αy6；
2034, using computer to calculate
Figure GDA0002781148900000101
Obtain the average value of the left horizontal dial reading of the second dial
Figure GDA0002781148900000102
Using a computer according to a formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000103
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the right horizontal dial of the second dial
Figure GDA0002781148900000104
Step 2035, when
Figure GDA0002781148900000105
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000106
Obtaining a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2；
When in use
Figure GDA0002781148900000107
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure GDA0002781148900000108
Obtaining a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2。
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, when the control point P1 and the control point P2 provided in the shield tunnel 10 are at the bottom of the shield tunnel 10: erecting a gyroscopic total station 2 by using a triangular support;
when control point P1 and control point P2 provided within the shield tunnel 10 are in the side wall of the shield tunnel 10: erecting a gyroscopic total station 2 and a circular prism 3 by using a positioning device; wherein, positioner includes circular base 4, annular footstock 5 and a plurality of connecting rod 6 of connecting between circular base 4 and annular footstock 5, and is a plurality of connecting rod 6 all is located the circumferential edge reason of circular base 4 and annular footstock 5, circular base 4 center is provided with mounting screw 7, the circumference interval of annular footstock 5 sets up a plurality of set nuts 9, the medial surface of annular footstock 5 is stretched into to the one end of set nut 9, the other end that set nut 9 stretched out 5 lateral surfaces of annular footstock is provided with revolves wrong portion 8.
In this embodiment, when the control point P1 and the control point P2 provided in the shield tunnel 10 are located at the bottom of the shield tunnel 10, two cross steel nails are buried at the bottom of the shield tunnel 10 and respectively used as the control point P1 and the control point P2;
when a control point P1 and a control point P2 arranged in the shield tunnel 10 are positioned on the side wall of the shield tunnel 10, two forced centering trays are installed on the side wall of the shield tunnel 10, and measuring marks on the two forced centering trays are respectively used as a control point P1 and a control point P2;
the specific process of erecting the gyroscopic total station 2 and the circular prism 3 by adopting the positioning device is as follows:
step A, erecting a positioning device at a control point P1, wherein a mounting screw 7 in the positioning device is mounted at a measuring mark on a forced centering tray;
step B, extending the lower part of the gyroscopic total station 2 into a positioning device, and adjusting a screwing part 8 on the circumference of the annular top seat 5 until one end of a positioning nut 9 is contacted with the lower part of the gyroscopic total station 2; wherein the lower center of the gyroscopic total station 2 and the control point P1 are located on the same vertical line;
and C, erecting a circular prism 3 at a control point P2, and installing the circular prism 3 at a measuring mark on another forced centering tray.
In this embodiment, the left horizontal dial reading and the right horizontal dial reading are obtained to eliminate the influence of the eccentricity difference of the collimation portion, the collimation axis error and the cross axis error, so that the influence of the horizontal axis inclination error on the horizontal direction observation can be eliminated, and the accuracy of obtaining the azimuth angle between the ground control edge and the true north direction is improved.
In this embodiment, the annular footstock 5 is provided to facilitate the lower portion of the gyroscopic total station 2 to extend into a hollow space surrounded by the plurality of connecting rods 6; in addition, in order to facilitate the penetration of the plurality of positioning nuts 9, the positioning of the gyroscopic total station 2 is realized.
In this embodiment, a plurality of positioning nuts 9 are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the annular footstock 5, so that one end of each positioning nut 9 is adjusted to be close to or far away from the outer side wall of the lower portion of the gyroscopic total station 2 through the screwing portion 8, and the lower position of the gyroscopic total station 2 is adjusted, so that the center of the lower portion of the gyroscopic total station 2 and the control point P1 are located on the same vertical line, and the centering adjustment of the gyroscopic total station 2 is realized.
In the embodiment, a plurality of connecting rods 6 connected between the circular base 4 and the annular top base 5 are arranged, on one hand, for protecting the gyroscopic total station 2 and avoiding collision damage of the gyroscopic total station 2 in a tunnel; on the other hand, a gap is arranged between every two adjacent connecting rods 6, so that the hand of an adjuster can penetrate into the gap in the adjusting process, and the adjustment is assisted.
In this embodiment, because the tunnel that the shield method was under construction must lay interim track for the storage battery car that transports materials such as section of jurisdiction, earth to pass through, and the tunnel bottom plate is often submerged by ponding and silt, in order to make the measurement work both facilitate the use and do not influence the business turn over of construction vehicle, during tunnel tunnelling, the control point sometimes lays on the tunnel lateral wall in the tunnel, and installs compulsory homing tray on the tunnel lateral wall, the survey mark on the compulsory homing tray is regarded as the control point respectively, at this moment, gyroscopic total powerstation 2 can't directly erect and is surveyd on compulsory homing tray, must bury the point on tunnel lower part section pipe piece again, destroy the section of jurisdiction quality. Therefore, a positioning device is arranged to position and install the gyroscopic total station 2.
In this embodiment, the positioning device is provided to ensure the consistency between the centering of the gyro total station and the control point, and ensure that the center of the lower part of the gyro total station 2 and the control point P1 are located on the same vertical line, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy and stability of the gyro total station 2, providing the operability of the gyro total station 2 in measuring the control point, and ensuring the stability of the gyro total station 2 on the forced centering tray.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that, as the structure of the forced centering tray, a shield tunnel inner plane control point forced centering tray disclosed in chinese patent with application number CN201120026367.2, which is applied for 26.01/2011, is adopted.
In this embodiment, in a specific implementation, the gyroscopic total station 2 may be an HGG05 type gyroscopic total station.
In this embodiment, the gyro directional azimuth is directly transmitted from the known azimuth edge of the ground control edge, and there is no error accumulation caused by the extension wire in the tunnel, so that the gyro directional azimuth can be used for checking whether there is a gross error in the measurement of the extension wire in the tunnel; on the other hand, the gyro azimuth angle and the calculated azimuth angle by the wire method can be averaged, so that the accuracy of the wires in the tunnel, particularly the edge of the wires close to the tunnel face, is improved. The precision control of the shield tunnel can be effectively improved.
In conclusion, the method of the invention has simple steps, reasonable design and convenient realization, firstly, the azimuth angle between the ground control edge and the true north direction is obtained for the first time, then the azimuth angle between the control edge in the tunnel and the true north direction is obtained, the secondary measurement value of the azimuth angle between the edge AB and the true north direction is controlled again, then the secondary measurement value of the azimuth angle between the ground control edge and the true north direction, the azimuth angle between the control edge in the tunnel and the true north direction and the secondary measurement value of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction are used for obtaining the coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge, finally the gyroscope orientation measurement coordinate azimuth angle is used for correcting the extended lead control edge in the shield tunnel calculated by the lead method to obtain the corrected control point coordinates, the corrected tunnel control edge is used as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel, thereby reducing the transmission error of the azimuth angle of the extended lead in the shield tunnel, the transverse precision of the shield tunnel is greatly improved, and safety accidents caused by tunnel deviation are avoided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A shield tunnel transverse precision control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, acquiring an azimuth angle between a ground control edge and a true north direction:
step 101, arranging a control point A and a control point B on the ground above a shield tunnel entrance station main body (1), and acquiring the coordinate (X) of the control point A in a Gaussian plane coordinate systemA,YA) And coordinates (X) of control point BB,YB) (ii) a And the connecting line of the control point A and the control point B is marked as a control edge AB;
102, erecting a gyroscopic total station (2) at the control point A, and erecting a circle at the control point BA prism (3); and inputting the latitude value phi of the control point A into the gyro total station (2)A；
103, obtaining a primary measurement value A of an azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction by adopting a gyroscopic total station (2)0；
Step two, acquiring an azimuth angle between a control edge and a true north direction in the tunnel:
step 201, setting a control point P1 in the shield tunnel (10), setting a control point P2 in the advancing direction of the shield tunnel (10), and acquiring the coordinate (X) of the control point P1 in a Gaussian plane coordinate systemP1,YP1) And the coordinate (X) of the control point P2P2,YP2) (ii) a And the connection line between the control point P1 and the control point P2 is recorded as a control edge P1P2；
202, erecting a gyroscopic total station (2) at the control point P1, and erecting a circular prism (3) at the control point P2; and inputting the latitude value phi of the control point P1 in the gyroscopic total station (2)p1；
Step 203, obtaining a control edge P by adopting a gyroscopic total station (2)1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2；
Step three, obtaining the coordinate azimuth angle of the control edge:
step 301, repeating step 103 to obtain a secondary measurement value A 'of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction'0；
Step 302, using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000011
Obtaining the included angle alpha between the control edge AB and the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate system0；
Step 303, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000021
Obtaining a constant delta of the gyroscopic total station (2);
step 304, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000022
Obtaining the average latitude phi of the two mirror points; using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000023
Obtain a control edge AB and a control edge P1P2The difference of meridian convergence angle δ therebetweenγ(ii) a Wherein R represents the earth radius, and R ═ 6371 km;
step 305, adopting a computer to obtain the formula alpha-alpha0-(A0-A2)+δγObtaining a control edge P1P2A first calculation included angle alpha with the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate system;
correcting the control edge coordinate point in the shield tunnel and acquiring the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel:
step 401, adopting a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000024
Obtaining a control edge P1P2A second calculated included angle alpha with the X-axis direction in the Gaussian plane coordinate systemp；
Step 402, using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000025
Obtaining a control edge P1P2Average value alpha of included angle between the mean value and X-axis direction in Gaussian plane coordinate systemj(ii) a The gyro azimuth angle and the calculated azimuth angle by the wire method are averaged, so that the accuracy of the wires in the tunnel and the edge of the wires close to the tunnel face is improved;
step 403, adopting a computer to calculate according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000026
The distance D between the control point P1 and the control point P2 is obtainedp；
Step 404, using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000027
Obtaining a corrected coordinate P of the control point P11′(X′P1,Y′P1) Using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000028
Corrected coordinates P 'of the control point P2 are obtained'2(X′P2,Y′P2) The corrected coordinates of control point P1 and the corrected coordinates of control point P2 are connected to obtain corrected tunnel control edge P'1P′2And then the corrected tunnel control side P'1P′2The transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel; correcting the control edge of the extension lead in the shield tunnel calculated by the lead method by the gyro directional measurement coordinate azimuth angle to obtain the corrected control point coordinate, and adopting the corrected tunnel control edge as the transverse tunneling direction of the tunnel to reduce the transmission error of the azimuth angle of the extension lead in the shield tunnel, thereby greatly improving the transverse precision of the shield tunnel and avoiding safety accidents caused by tunnel deviation.
2. The method for controlling the transverse accuracy of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: in step 103, a gyro total station (2) is adopted to obtain a primary measurement value A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0The specific process is as follows:
step 1031, adjusting a circular prism (3) at a left disc collimation control point B of the gyro total station (2), and recording a reading alpha of a first left disc horizontal dialz1(ii) a Adjusting a circular prism (3) at a right disc collimation control point B of the gyro total station (2), and recording as a reading alpha of a right horizontal disc of the first discy1(ii) a The center of an eyepiece in the gyroscopic total station (2) and the center of the circular prism (3) are positioned on the same straight line;
step 1032, repeat step 1031, record second disk left level dial reading αz2And a second right horizontal dial reading αy2；
1033, repeating 1031, recording the reading alpha of the left horizontal dial of the third dialz3And a third right horizontal dial reading αy3；
1034, adopting a computer according to the formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000031
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the left horizontal dial of the first dial
Figure FDA0003499416360000032
Using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000033
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the right horizontal dial of the first dial
Figure FDA0003499416360000034
Step 1035, when
Figure FDA0003499416360000035
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000036
Obtaining a first measurement A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0；
When in use
Figure FDA0003499416360000037
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000038
Obtaining a first measurement A of the azimuth angle between the control edge AB and the true north direction0。
3. The method for controlling the transverse accuracy of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: in step 203, a gyro total station (2) is adopted to obtain a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2The specific process is as follows:
step 2031, adjusting the gyroscopic total station (2)A circular prism (3) at a left disc sighting control point P2 and a fourth left disc horizontal dial reading alpha is recordedz4(ii) a Adjusting a circular prism (3) at a right disc collimation control point P2 of the gyroscopic total station (2), and recording the circular prism as a reading alpha of a fourth right disc horizontal dialy4(ii) a The center of an eyepiece in the gyroscopic total station (2) and the center of a circular prism (3) at a control point P2 are positioned on the same straight line;
step 2032, repeat step 2031 and record the fifth left horizontal dial reading αz5And a fifth right horizontal dial reading αy5；
Step 2033, repeat step 2031 and record the sixth disk left horizontal dial reading αz6And a sixth disk right horizontal dial reading αy6；
2034, using computer to calculate
Figure FDA0003499416360000041
Obtain the average value of the left horizontal dial reading of the second dial
Figure FDA0003499416360000042
Using a computer according to a formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000043
Obtaining the average value of the readings of the right horizontal dial of the second dial
Figure FDA0003499416360000044
Step 2035, when
Figure FDA0003499416360000045
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000046
Obtaining a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2；
When in use
Figure FDA0003499416360000047
Then, the computer is adopted according to the formula
Figure FDA0003499416360000048
Obtaining a control edge P1P2And the azimuth angle A between the true north direction2。
4. The method for controlling the transverse accuracy of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: when the control point P1 and the control point P2 provided in the shield tunnel (10) are at the bottom of the shield tunnel (10): erecting a gyroscopic total station (2) by adopting a triangular support;
when the control point P1 and the control point P2 provided in the shield tunnel (10) are in the side wall of the shield tunnel (10): erecting a gyroscopic total station (2) and a circular prism (3) by using a positioning device; wherein, positioner includes circular base (4), annular footstock (5) and a plurality of connecting rod (6) of connecting between circular base (4) and annular footstock (5), and is a plurality of connecting rod (6) are located the circumferential edge reason of circular base (4) and annular footstock (5), circular base (4) center is provided with mounting screw (7), the circumference interval of annular footstock (5) sets up a plurality of set nut (9), the medial surface of annular footstock (5) is stretched into to the one end of set nut (9), the other end that set nut (9) stretched out annular footstock (5) lateral surface is provided with revolves wrong portion (8).
5. The method for controlling the transverse accuracy of the shield tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: when a control point P1 and a control point P2 arranged in the shield tunnel (10) are positioned at the bottom of the shield tunnel (10), two cross steel nails are buried at the bottom of the shield tunnel (10) and are respectively used as a control point P1 and a control point P2;
when a control point P1 and a control point P2 arranged in the shield tunnel (10) are positioned on the side wall of the shield tunnel (10), two forced centering trays are installed on the side wall of the shield tunnel (10), and measuring marks on the two forced centering trays are respectively used as a control point P1 and a control point P2;
the specific process of erecting the gyroscopic total station (2) and the circular prism (3) by adopting the positioning device is as follows:
step A, erecting a positioning device at a control point P1, wherein a mounting screw (7) in the positioning device is mounted at a measuring mark on a forced centering tray;
b, extending the lower part of the gyroscopic total station (2) into a positioning device, and adjusting a screwing part (8) on the circumference of the annular top seat (5) until one end of a positioning nut (9) is contacted with the lower part of the gyroscopic total station (2); wherein the lower center of the gyroscopic total station (2) and a control point P1 are positioned on the same vertical line;
and C, erecting a circular prism (3) at a control point P2, wherein the circular prism (3) is arranged at a measuring mark on the other forced centering tray.
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