CN110242180A - 一种船舶用密封防火门 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种船舶用密封防火门,包括门板、防火门框和防火把手,所述门板通过防火铰链与防火门框连接,所述防火把手设于门板上,所述防火门框第二台阶突出于所述第一台阶,所述挡板突出于所述第二台阶,所述第二台阶四周外边缘设有一圈防火密封条,所述防火密封条用于密封门板和防火门框之间的缝隙;所述门板的外面板紧贴于防火门框的挡板内侧;所述门板的四周外边缘固定连接密封板,所述密封板的厚度小于门板,所述密封板内侧板的外侧与内面板的外侧相互齐平,当门板与防火门框闭合时,所述密封板的顶面刚好顶紧于第一台阶,而其外侧板刚好紧贴于第二台阶而将防火密封条完全密封住。本发明防火强度高、使用寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防火门,具体涉及一种船舶用密封防火门。
背景技术
大型船舶上往往具有数量众多的舱室,为了防止发生火灾时火势在各个舱室内迅速蔓延,通常会将舱室门设置为防火门,这样即使一个舱室出现火情也不会轻易蔓延到其他舱室。为了增强防火门的密封效果,在防火门的四周常设有密封条。但是现有的密封条密封效果往往差强人意。
专利CN105201373A公开了一种船舶用密封防火门,包括门板、门框和把手,所述门框上沿着门框外边缘设有一圈密封条,所述门板的外边缘设有与门框的密封条位置对应的两圈突出部。本发明的防火门,由于有两圈突出部,在防火门闭合时,两圈突出部同时压紧在密封圈上,能够达到很好的密封效果。即使第一层密封圈有密封间隙,第二层密封圈也能够很好地起到密封效果,从而大大提高的防火门的密封性,避免火灾的蔓延。该专利中的突出部虽然在一定程度上提高了防火门的密封效果,但是密封圈部位仍然是整个防火门最薄弱的部件。
专利CN206352469U公开了一种船用双扇风雨密防火门,包括门框及两扇门板,两扇门板的外侧与门框之间通过铰链铰接并设有扎扣锁紧,两扇门板之间通过扎扣锁紧密封,所述门板上设有手柄,所述门框与门板之间及两门板之间均安装有密封组件;所述门板为双层结构,其内侧通过两端的支撑板隔开安装有内层,所述内层与门板之间具有隔腔,所述隔腔中填充有陶瓷棉;所述内层包括内侧的防火板及外侧的封板;所述门框的截面呈L型,包括与门板平行的安装板及与门板垂直的顶靠板,安装板与顶靠板的转角内侧固定有L型结构的锁闸,所述顶靠板上具有锁扣孔;所述密封组件包括安装于门板端部内侧的阻燃橡胶条、安装于支撑板侧面并与所述阻燃橡胶条相抵靠的防火密封条。该专利中的密封结构复杂、工艺较难实现。
发明内容
为了克服上述缺陷,本发明提供一种船舶用密封防火门,该防火门通过在门板和防火门框的结合处增加密封板,大大增加了防火门整体的防火强度和使用寿命。
本发明为了解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种船舶用密封防火门,包括门板、防火门框和防火把手,所述门板通过防火铰链与防火门框连接,所述防火把手设于门板上,所述防火门框四周外边缘依次设有第一台阶、第二台阶和挡板,所述第二台阶突出于所述第一台阶,所述挡板突出于所述第二台阶,所述第二台阶四周外边缘设有一圈防火密封条,所述防火密封条用于密封门板和防火门框之间的缝隙;
所述门板包括依次连接的外面板、第一隔音板、门芯板、第二隔音板和内面板,当门板关闭时,所述外面板紧贴于防火门框的挡板内侧,所述门板的厚度大于所述第二台阶的厚度;
所述门板的四周外边缘固定连接密封板,所述密封板的厚度小于门板,所述密封板包括依次连接的外侧板、中心板和内侧板,所述内侧板的外侧与内面板的外侧相互齐平,当门板与防火门框闭合时,所述密封板的顶面刚好顶紧于第一台阶,而其外侧板刚好紧贴于第二台阶而将防火密封条完全密封住。
进一步地,所述门芯板由发泡水泥板和钢筋组成、或由发泡石膏板和钢筋组成、或由发泡氧化镁板和钢筋组成。
进一步地,所述外面板和内面板为钢板,所述第一隔音板和第二隔音板为孔木吸音板。
进一步地,所述外侧板和内侧板为钢板,所述中心板为发泡水泥板、发泡石膏板或发泡氧化镁板。
进一步地,所述外面板、内面板、防火把手、外侧板和内侧板上涂覆一层隔热涂料,所述隔热涂料的厚度为8-18mm。
进一步地,所述密封板通过胶水或螺栓固定连接于所述门板。
进一步地,所述密封板上设有凸起,所述门板设有与凸起相配合的卡槽,两者通过凸起和卡槽插接在一起。
进一步地,所述门板上设有烟雾感应器和报警器,所述报警器与烟雾感应器电性连接。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明中的门板由外面板、第一隔音板、门芯板、第二隔音板和内面板组成,其中内、外面板采用钢板,门芯板采用发泡水泥板等,使得门板防火性能达到A1级,具有抗压强度高、导热系数低等优点;在防火门框和门板之间设有防火密封条,当门板关闭时,所述门板压紧防火门框上的防火密封条,所述防火密封条为橡胶材质,通过防火密封条在发生火灾时受热膨胀,有效封紧防火门框和门板之间的缝隙,避免烟雾迅速进入非失火区域;在门板上设有密封板,在防火门框上设有挡板,而将防火密封条两侧完全密封住,因此在发生火灾时大大延长了防火密封条被烧毁的时间,从而延长了防火门整体的耐火时间,给人们逃生争取了宝贵的时间;将密封板中内侧板的外侧与门板中内面板的外侧设为齐平,并将密封板的内侧板设为与第二台阶紧贴,因此密封板与防火门框以及门板融为一体,提高了防火板整体的美感。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为本发明中防火门框的结构示意图;
图3为图1中门板沿A-A处的剖视图;
图4为图1中密封板沿B-B处的剖视图;
图5为图2中沿C-C处的剖视图;
图中:10-门板,11-外面板,12-第一隔音板,13-门芯板,14-第二隔音板,15-内面板,20-防火门框,21-第一台阶,22-第二台阶,23-挡板,24-防火密封条,30-密封板,31-外侧板,32-中心板,33-内侧板,40-防火把手。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例:如图1-5所示,一种船舶用密封防火门,包括门板10、防火门框20和防火把手40,所述门板10通过防火铰链与防火门框20连接,所述防火把手40设于门板10上,所述防火门框20四周外边缘依次设有第一台阶21、第二台阶22和挡板23,所述第二台阶22突出于所述第一台阶21,所述挡板突出于所述第二台阶22,所述第二台阶22四周外边缘设有一圈防火密封条24,所述防火密封条用于密封门板10和防火门框20之间的缝隙;
所述门板10包括依次连接的外面板11、第一隔音板12、门芯板13、第二隔音板14和内面板15,当门板10关闭时,所述外面板11紧贴于防火门框20的挡板23内侧,所述门板10的厚度大于所述第二台阶22的厚度;
所述门板10的四周外边缘固定连接密封板30,所述密封板30的厚度小于门板10,所述密封板30包括依次连接的外侧板31、中心板32和内侧板33,所述内侧板33的外侧与内面板15的外侧相互齐平,当门板10与防火门框20闭合时,所述密封板30的顶面刚好顶紧于第一台阶21,而其外侧板31刚好紧贴于第二台阶22而将防火密封条24完全密封住。所述密封板30的厚度为门板与第二台阶的厚度之差,因此密封板连接于门板突出于第二台阶的部分,门板关闭时,外侧板31的内侧贴合于防火密封条和第二台阶的外侧,整个密封板的顶部贴合于第一台阶上,也就是说密封板刚好置于第一台阶和第二台阶形成的缺口内。本发明中的门板由外面板11、第一隔音板12、门芯板13、第二隔音板14和内面板15组成,其中内、外面板采用钢板,门芯板采用发泡水泥板等,使得门板防火性能达到A1级,具有抗压强度高、导热系数低等优点;在防火门框和门板之间设有防火密封条,当门板关闭时,所述门板压紧防火门框上的防火密封条,所述防火密封条为橡胶材质,通过防火密封条在发生火灾时受热膨胀,有效封紧防火门框和门板之间的缝隙,避免烟雾迅速进入非失火区域;在门板上设有密封板,在门框上设有挡板,而将防火密封条两侧完全密封住,因此在发生火灾时大大延长了防火密封条被烧毁的时间,从而延长了防火门整体的耐火时间,给人们逃生争取了宝贵的时间;将密封板中内侧板的外侧与门板中内面板的外侧设为齐平,并将密封板的内侧板设为与第二台阶紧贴,因此密封板与防火门框以及门板融为一体,提高了防火板整体的美感。
如图3所示,所述门芯板13由发泡水泥板和钢筋组成、或由发泡石膏板和钢筋组成、或由发泡氧化镁板和钢筋组成。发泡水泥板属不燃材料、无毒、环保、低碳是国家大力提倡的一种新型材料,其防火性能达到A1级,具有抗压强度高、导热系数低等优点;发泡石膏板生产能耗低,防火性能好,导热系数小,密度小,对环境无污染;发泡氧化镁板,具有高强度、低导热系数、防火性能高、节能环保以及隔音效果佳等优点。作为门板中门芯板,通过在水泥板或石膏板或者氧化镁板制作过程中加入钢筋有利于增强门板整体的强度、提高了门板抗形变以及抗应力的能力。所述外面板11和内面板15为钢板,所述第一隔音板12和第二隔音板14为孔木吸音板。孔木吸音板是一种在密度板的正面,背面都开圆孔的结构吸声材料;不仅具有传统装饰隔热、防火、防尘、质轻、不改性、不腐烂等特点,更具有吸音效果佳、强度高、装饰性好、施工方便、环保性能优等特点。
如图4所示, 所述外侧板31和内侧板33为钢板,所述中心板32为发泡水泥板、发泡石膏板或发泡氧化镁板。所述外面板11、内面板15、防火把手40、外侧板31和内侧板33上涂覆一层隔热涂料,所述隔热涂料的厚度为8-18mm。隔热涂料可采用复合硅酸盐隔热保温涂料等常用的材料,在门板和防火把手上涂有隔热涂料,这样,可以在发生火灾时,防止门板、防火把手等因为温度过高而烫伤逃生人员的情况发生。
优选地, 所述密封板30通过胶水或螺栓固定连接于所述门板10;或者所述密封板30上设有凸起,所述门板10设有与凸起相配合的卡槽,两者通过凸起和卡槽插接在一起。所述门板10上设有烟雾感应器和报警器,所述报警器与烟雾感应器电性连接。利用烟雾感应器来感测房间内的烟雾浓度,一旦烟雾浓度超过标准值,即启动报警器鸣笛,以此来警示船舶上的人员进行灭火或逃生。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:包括门板(10)、防火门框(20)和防火把手(40),所述门板(10)通过防火铰链与防火门框(20)连接,所述防火把手(40)设于门板(10)上,所述防火门框(20)四周外边缘依次设有第一台阶(21)、第二台阶(22)和挡板(23),所述第二台阶(22)突出于所述第一台阶(21),所述挡板突出于所述第二台阶(22),所述第二台阶(22)四周外边缘设有一圈防火密封条(24),所述防火密封条用于密封门板(10)和防火门框(20)之间的缝隙;所述门板(10)包括依次连接的外面板(11)、第一隔音板(12)、门芯板(13)、第二隔音板(14)和内面板(15),当门板(10)关闭时,所述外面板(11)紧贴于防火门框(20)的挡板(23)内侧,所述门板(10)的厚度大于所述第二台阶(22)的厚度;所述门板(10)的四周外边缘固定连接密封板(30),所述密封板(30)的厚度小于门板(10),所述密封板(30)包括依次连接的外侧板(31)、中心板(32)和内侧板(33),所述内侧板(33)的外侧与内面板(15)的外侧相互齐平,当门板(10)与防火门框(20)闭合时,所述密封板(30)的顶面刚好顶紧于第一台阶(21),而其外侧板(31)刚好紧贴于第二台阶(22)而将防火密封条(24)完全密封住。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述门芯板(13)由发泡水泥板和钢筋组成、或由发泡石膏板和钢筋组成、或由发泡氧化镁板和钢筋组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述外面板(11)和内面板(15)为钢板,所述第一隔音板(12)和第二隔音板(14)为孔木吸音板。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述外侧板(31)和内侧板(33)为钢板,所述中心板(32)为发泡水泥板、发泡石膏板或发泡氧化镁板。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述外面板(11)、内面板(15)、防火把手(40)、外侧板(31)和内侧板(33)上涂覆一层隔热涂料,所述隔热涂料的厚度为8-18mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述密封板(30)通过胶水或螺栓固定连接于所述门板(10)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述密封板(30)上设有凸起,所述门板(10)设有与凸起相配合的卡槽,两者通过凸起和卡槽插接在一起。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种船舶用密封防火门,其特征在于:所述门板(10)上设有烟雾感应器和报警器,所述报警器与烟雾感应器电性连接。
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