CN110231016B - Measuring method of steel structure - Google Patents
Measuring method of steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110231016B CN110231016B CN201910579735.7A CN201910579735A CN110231016B CN 110231016 B CN110231016 B CN 110231016B CN 201910579735 A CN201910579735 A CN 201910579735A CN 110231016 B CN110231016 B CN 110231016B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of devices for measuring distance, level or azimuth, and particularly discloses a method for measuring a steel structure, which comprises the following steps: (1) installing a total station; (2) installing the position of a positioning part of a steel structure positioning device at the upper end of a steel structure to be measured, and measuring the vertical height D from the positioning part to the steel structure; (3) measuring the vertical height H and the transverse offset distance L of the positioning part of the steel structure positioning device through a total station; (4) calculating the inclination angle beta of the steel structure to be measured, wherein beta is arctan (H/L); (5) calculating the vertical height h1 from the positioning part to the center of the steel structure, wherein h1 is sin beta D; (6) and calculating the height H of the steel structure, wherein H is H-H1. The method can conveniently realize the measurement of the steel structure so as to ensure the quality of high-rise buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of devices for measuring distance, level or direction, in particular to a method for measuring a steel structure.
Background
With the development of economy and the progress of society, more and more large buildings begin to appear, and for the large buildings, not only the height is higher and higher, but also the shapes of the buildings are more and more colorful, so that the shapes of the building materials for constructing the buildings are not only materials with the current common shapes, and the shapes of the materials are more and more diversified. Moreover, because of the high height of these buildings, the connection and positioning of the various materials during construction is of particular importance.
Steel structures are structures composed of steel materials and are one of the main building structure types. The steel structure mainly comprises steel beams, steel columns, steel trusses and other members made of section steel, steel plates and the like. The existing steel structure is provided with an inner lining plate on the end surface except the steel upright post. The accuracy of the steel structure is an important factor influencing the engineering quality and the construction cost. At present, when the height is high and the end face of the steel structure is inclined to the horizontal plane, no good method exists for measuring the position of the steel structure. The application aims to provide a steel structure measuring method which is convenient to operate and high in measuring accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steel structure measuring method, which can conveniently realize steel structure measurement so as to ensure the quality of high-rise buildings.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a measuring method of a steel structure comprises the following steps:
(1) installing a total station;
(2) mounting a steel structure positioning device at the upper end of a steel structure to be measured, and measuring the vertical height D from a positioning structure of the positioning device to the steel structure;
(3) measuring the vertical height H and the transverse offset distance L of the positioning structure of the steel structure positioning device through a total station;
(4) calculating the inclination angle beta of the steel structure to be measured, wherein beta is arctan (H/L);
(5) calculating the vertical height h from the positioning structure to the center of the steel structure1，h1＝sinβ*D；
(6) And calculating the height H of the steel structure, wherein H is H-H1.
Adopt this basic scheme's theory of operation and beneficial effect to lie in, in this scheme, earlier come the accurate centre of a circle of finding the steel construction through steel construction positioner, then measure the inclination that the position of location structure reachs the steel construction, then the distance through steel construction apart from location structure is the position of calculating the steel construction, easy and simple to handle and measuring precision height.
Furthermore, the steel structure positioning device comprises a positioning part, a connecting rod and a connecting frame, wherein the middle part of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the positioning part, and the steel structure positioning device also comprises four positioning rods which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the connecting frame; one end of each positioning rod, which is far away from the connecting frame, is connected with a positioning part in a sliding manner, and a supporting part is arranged on the lower side of the end part of each positioning rod. Through fixing the link at the tip of steel construction, then place support piece at the tip of steel stand, slide location portion along the locating lever, make location portion and interior welt offset to adjust the distance of location portion and connecting rod, when a plurality of location portions are all the same apart from the length of connecting rod, explain the centre of a circle of steel stand and the axis collineation of connecting rod, and then can further confirm the center of steel stand through the position of confirming location portion. The connecting rod lower extreme and the middle part fixed connection of link, so also can guarantee when the centre of a circle of confirming the link coincides with the centre of a circle of steel stand that the axis of the connecting rod of steel stand passes the centre of a circle of steel stand, and then ensure the line in location structure and the steel stand centre of a circle and the axis coincidence of connecting rod, because the length of connecting rod is fixed, so the distance of location structure apart from the link center is fixed, can confirm the central point of steel stand after measuring location structure's position, and convenient operation.
Further, support piece and locating lever sliding fit can adjust the distance of support piece apart from the link as required to be applicable to the not steel construction of equidimension.
Furthermore, the supporting piece is a supporting piece with the variable length, the length of the supporting piece can be adjusted as required, the height of the positioning rod from the end face of the steel upright post is further changed, the operation is more convenient when the lining plate of the steel upright post has different heights, the end face of the connecting frame can be ensured to be parallel to the end face of the steel upright post, and the measuring precision is ensured.
Furthermore, location portion includes connecting plate, setting element and first bolt, connecting plate one end and locating lever sliding fit, the connecting plate up end is equipped with the screw thread through-hole, first bolt and screw thread through-hole screw thread fit, the setting element is perpendicular with the connecting plate and with the connecting plate rigid coupling. During measurement, the connecting plate is slid along the positioning rod to enable the positioning piece to be abutted against the lining plate, and then positioning of the steel upright column can be completed. When the connecting plate to assigned position after, because first bolt and screw thread through-hole screw-thread fit, twist and move first bolt, can make first bolt pass the screw thread through-hole and support tightly with the locating lever, can carry out spacingly to the connecting plate like this, avoid the connecting plate to slide along the locating lever when measuring.
Furthermore, the two sides of one end, away from the connecting frame, of the positioning rod are provided with sliding grooves, and the connecting plate is in sliding fit with the positioning rod through the sliding grooves. The connecting plate passes through the spout and realizes the sliding fit with the locating lever, and it is more convenient to operate.
Furthermore, the locating piece comprises a cylindrical section and a conical section, the cylindrical section is fixedly connected with the connecting plate, and one end, far away from the connecting plate, of the cylindrical section is the conical section. The cylindrical section of the positioning piece can be conveniently connected with the connecting plate, and the conical section is used for abutting against the inner lining plate. The contact part of the conical section and the lining plate is a point when the conical section and the lining plate are abutted, so that the error is smaller when the distance between the positioning part and the connecting frame is measured.
Further, support piece includes connecting block and second bolt, the connecting block upper end is connected with the locating lever lower extreme, the terminal surface is equipped with the screw hole under the connecting block, second bolt and screw hole screw-thread fit. Can adjust the distance of second bolt free end distance connecting block through twisting the second bolt, and then adjust whole support piece's height, convenient operation, the screw thread has self-locking function moreover, through the screw-thread fit of second bolt and screw hole, can adjust support piece to arbitrary length, adaptability is wider.
Furthermore, the end part of the positioning rod, which is far away from the connecting frame, is provided with a limiting plate. The limiting plate is used for limiting, and the positioning part is prevented from sliding out of the positioning rod.
Further, the positioning structure is a prism.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steel structure measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a positioning device in an embodiment of a method for measuring a steel structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the positioning device of the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a steel column positioning device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a positioning rod according to the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: connecting disc 1, support 2, locating lever 3, spout 4, connecting plate 5, first bolt 6, connecting block 7, second bolt 8, setting element 9, limiting plate 10, sliding tray 11, connecting rod 12, prism 13, screw 14, steel stand 15, interior welt 16, first rack 17, second rack 18, gear 19, clockwork spring 20, bar groove 21, connecting piece 22, hold chamber 23.
Example one
A steel structure measuring method is characterized in that a steel upright post 15 is positioned through a steel structure positioning device. As shown in fig. 2, the positioning device of the steel structure comprises a prism 13, a connecting rod 12, a connecting frame and a second bolt 8. The connecting frame comprises a connecting disc 1 and a support 2, wherein the connecting disc 1 is positioned at the upper end of the support 2 and is welded with the support 2. The lower end of the connecting rod 12 passes through the center of the connecting disc 1 and is welded with the connecting disc 1. The upper end of the connecting rod 12 is fixedly connected with the prism 13. The positioning device of steel construction still includes four locating levers 3, and four locating levers 3 are along the circumference evenly distributed of link, and is concrete, every locating lever 3 respectively with the tip welding of support 2. One side of each locating rod 3, which is far away from the connecting frame, is connected with a locating part in a sliding way. The both sides of the one end that the locating lever 3 kept away from the link are equipped with spout 4, and location portion passes through spout 4 and locating lever 3 sliding fit.
Location portion includes connecting plate 5, setting element 9 and first bolt 6, and connecting plate 5 upper end is through spout 4 and locating lever 3 sliding fit. The locating lever 3 includes cylinder section and circular cone section, and the cylinder section passes connecting plate 5 and with connecting plate 5 fixed connection, and the one end that connecting plate 5 was kept away from to the cylinder section is the circular cone section, and the circular cone section is used for supporting tightly with interior welt 16. The top end of the connecting plate 5 is provided with a threaded through hole, and the first bolt 6 is in threaded fit with the threaded through hole. The end face of the positioning rod 3 is provided with scales. As shown in fig. 3, the end of the positioning rod 3 is provided with a supporting member, the supporting member includes a connecting block 7 and a second bolt 8, the upper end of the connecting block 7 is connected with the lower end of the positioning rod 3, the lower end face of the connecting block 7 is provided with a threaded hole, and the second bolt 8 is in threaded fit with the threaded hole. As shown in fig. 4, a sliding groove 11 is formed at the bottom end of the positioning rod 3, and the connecting block 7 is slidably engaged with the positioning rod 3 through the sliding groove 11.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring a steel structure specifically includes the following steps:
(1) installing a total station, wherein the total station is a topokang OS-101 total station in the embodiment;
(2) mounting a steel structure positioning device at the upper end of a steel structure to be measured, and measuring the vertical height D from a prism of the positioning device to the steel structure;
(3) measuring the vertical height H and the transverse offset distance L of the prism of the steel structure positioning device through a total station;
(4) calculating the inclination angle beta of the steel structure to be measured, wherein beta is arctan (H/L);
(5) calculating the vertical height h1 from the prism to the center of the steel structure, wherein h1 is sin beta D;
(6) and calculating the height H of the steel structure, wherein H is H-H1.
The specific operation in the step (2) is as follows: as shown in fig. 5, the connecting bracket is fixed to the end of the steel structure, and then the support is placed on the end of the steel column 15. The distance between the free end of the second bolt 8 and the connecting block 7 is adjusted by screwing the second bolt 8, so that the end face of the connecting frame is parallel to the end face of the rigid upright column. Second bolt 8 and 7 screw-thread fit of connecting block, convenient operation, the screw thread has self-locking function moreover, and through the screw-thread fit of second bolt 8 and screw hole, support piece can be adjusted to arbitrary length, and the adaptability is wider. Then, the positioning part is slid along the positioning rod 3, the end part of the conical section of the positioning part 9 of the positioning part is abutted against the inner lining plate 16, the distance between the positioning part and the connecting rod 12 is adjusted, and when the lengths of the positioning parts of the two positioning rods 3 on the same straight line from the connecting frame are the same, the circle center of the steel upright post 15 is collinear with the axis of the connecting rod 12, and the positioning is finished. The positioning parts 9 of the four positioning parts can also play a role in limiting when abutting against the lining plate 16, namely, the positioning device can be ensured not to fall off from the steel upright post 15. After the location portion that slides arrived the assigned position, because first bolt 6 and screw thread through-hole screw-thread fit, twist and move first bolt 6, can make first bolt 6 support tightly with locating lever 3 to avoid location portion to slide along locating lever 3 when measuring.
The lower end of the connecting rod 12 is fixedly connected with the middle of the connecting frame, so that when the circle center of the connecting frame is determined to coincide with the circle center of the steel upright post 15, the axis of the connecting rod 12 of the steel upright post 15 can be ensured to penetrate through the circle center of the steel upright post 15, and further, the line connecting the circle centers of the prism 13 and the steel upright post 15 is ensured to coincide with the axis of the connecting rod 12, because the length of the connecting rod 12 is fixed, the distance between the prism 13 and the center of the connecting frame is fixed, the central position of the steel upright post can be determined after the position of the prism 13 is measured, and the operation is convenient. The steel structure generally includes an inner lining 16 at the top end of the steel pillar 15 in addition to the steel pillar 15, and the height of the inner lining 16 is generally higher than that of the steel pillar 15. Therefore, support piece has been set up at the tip of locating lever 3 in this application, and support piece is used for supporting at steel stand 15 up end, and support piece and location portion cooperation also can press from both sides tight inside lining board 16, and then can fix positioner on the steel construction, and positioner drops when avoiding fixing a position the steel construction (especially the steel construction that the slope set up advances line location). The end part of the positioning rod 3, which is far away from the connecting frame, is provided with a limiting plate 10, and the limiting plate 10 is fixedly connected with the positioning rod 3 through a screw 14. The limiting plate 10 is used for limiting, and the positioning part is prevented from sliding out of the positioning rod 3.
In the embodiment, the circle center of the steel structure is accurately found through the steel structure positioning device, then the position of the positioning portion is measured to obtain the inclination angle of the steel structure, then the position of the steel structure is calculated through the distance between the steel upright post 15 and the positioning portion, the operation is simple and convenient, and the measurement precision is high.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the present embodiment further includes a rotating shaft, a gear 19, a first rack 17, and a second rack 18. In this embodiment, the number of the positioning rods 3 is two, and the two positioning rods 3 are perpendicular to each other and are not on the same horizontal plane. The center point of each positioning rod 3 coincides with the axis of the connecting rod 12. The locating lever 3 is inside to be the cavity setting formation and to hold chamber 23, and the bar groove 21 has all been seted up to the up end of the 3 left and right sides of locating lever, bar groove 21 with hold chamber 23 intercommunication. The middle part of the accommodating cavity 23 is rotatably connected with a gear 19 through a rotating shaft, a clockwork spring 20 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 23, and the clockwork spring 20 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft. The left side of the accommodating cavity 23 is provided with a first rack 17 which is in sliding fit with the accommodating cavity. Specifically, first rack up end is connected with connecting piece 22, and connecting piece 22 passes bar groove 21 and just with connecting plate 5 joint. The second rack 18 is slidably connected to the right side of the receiving cavity 23, and the second rack 18 is connected to the right connecting plate 5 through the connecting piece 22 in the same manner as the left side. The first rack 17 and the second rack 18 are identical in size and structure.
In use, the steel structure positioning device is placed at the end of the steel upright post 15, and only one of the connecting plates 5 needs to be slid. The left connecting plate 5 will be specifically described as an example. When it is required to determine that the center of the steel column 15 coincides with the axis of the connecting rod 12, the connecting plate 5 on the left side slides leftwards along the strip-shaped groove 21, at this time, the connecting piece 22 drives the first rack 17 to slide leftwards, and because the first rack 17 is meshed with the gear 19, when the first rack 17 slides leftwards, the gear 19 rotates anticlockwise. And because the second rack 18 is positioned at the lower end of the gear 19 and is meshed with the gear 19, the second rack 18 moves to the right when the gear 19 rotates counterclockwise. Because the first rack 17 and the second rack 18 have the same shape and size, the first rack 17 and the second rack 18 move in opposite directions, but the moving distances are the same, that is, the left connecting plate 5 and the right connecting plate 5 can synchronously move in opposite directions. Only need like this remove one connecting plate 5 on one locating lever 3 can, can guarantee moreover that two connecting plates 5 are the same apart from the distance of connecting rod 12 all the time, need not repeatedly measure the connecting plate 5 apart from the distance of connecting rod 12 and repeatedly adjust connecting plate 5, easy operation is convenient, and when not needing the use, gear 19 reversal under clockwork spring 20's effect, the connecting plate gets back to the normal position.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A measuring method of a steel structure is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) installing a total station;
(2) mounting a steel structure positioning device at the upper end of a steel structure to be measured, determining the circle center of the steel structure, and measuring the vertical height D from a positioning structure of the positioning device to the steel structure;
(3) measuring the vertical height H and the transverse offset distance L of the positioning structure of the steel structure positioning device through a total station;
(4) calculating the inclination angle beta of the steel structure to be measured, wherein beta is arctan (H/L);
(5) calculating the vertical height h from the positioning structure to the center of the steel structure1，h1＝sinβ*D；
(6) Calculating the height H of the steel structure, wherein H is H-H1;
the steel structure positioning device comprises a positioning part, a connecting rod and a connecting frame, wherein the middle part of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the positioning part, and the steel structure positioning device also comprises four positioning rods which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the connecting frame; one end of each positioning rod, which is far away from the connecting frame, is connected with a positioning part in a sliding way, and the lower side of the end part of each positioning rod is provided with a supporting part;
the positioning structure is a prism; the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the prism.
2. The method for measuring a steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting piece is in sliding fit with the positioning rod.
3. The method for measuring a steel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the support member is a variable length support member.
4. A method of measuring a steel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the positioning portion comprises a connecting plate, a positioning piece and a first bolt, one end of the connecting plate is in sliding fit with the positioning rod, a threaded through hole is formed in the upper end face of the connecting plate, the first bolt is in threaded fit with the threaded through hole, and the positioning piece is perpendicular to the connecting plate and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of measuring the steel structure comprises the steps of: the two sides of one end, away from the connecting frame, of the positioning rod are provided with sliding grooves, and the connecting plate is in sliding fit with the positioning rod through the sliding grooves.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the locating piece comprises a cylindrical section and a conical section, the cylindrical section is fixedly connected with the connecting plate, and one end, far away from the connecting plate, of the cylindrical section is the conical section.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the support piece comprises a connecting block and a second bolt, the upper end of the connecting block is connected with the lower end of the positioning rod, a threaded hole is formed in the lower end face of the connecting block, and the second bolt is in threaded fit with the threaded hole.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and a limiting plate is arranged at the end part of the positioning rod, which is far away from the connecting frame.
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| CN111637866A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-08 | 无锡漫途科技有限公司 | Inclination early warning method and inclination early warning system for road sign |
| CN114622729B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2024-03-12 | 中国化学工程重型机械化有限公司 | Lifting method of special-shaped steel structure |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2040030A1 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-03-25 | Leica Geosystems AG | Positioning method |
| CN104330073A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-02-04 | 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Method for measuring gradient of chimney |
| CN108050992A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-18 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Method for measuring inclination of building |
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2019
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201910579735.7A patent/CN110231016B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2040030A1 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-03-25 | Leica Geosystems AG | Positioning method |
| CN104330073A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-02-04 | 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Method for measuring gradient of chimney |
| CN108050992A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-18 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Method for measuring inclination of building |
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