CN110219921A - A kind of partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness - Google Patents

A kind of partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110219921A
CN110219921A CN201910616159.9A CN201910616159A CN110219921A CN 110219921 A CN110219921 A CN 110219921A CN 201910616159 A CN201910616159 A CN 201910616159A CN 110219921 A CN110219921 A CN 110219921A
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China
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installation
quasi
column
mobile jib
electromagnet
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CN201910616159.9A
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CN110219921B (en
Inventor
刘子豪
陈俊利
李劲松
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Hainan University
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Hainan University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F6/00Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/06Magnetic or electromagnetic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2228/00Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
    • F16F2228/06Stiffness
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/18Control arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of half actives, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, including permanent magnet, installation and adjustment column and pedestal, equipment connecting column is provided on pedestal, equipment connecting column lower end passes sequentially through electromagnet and spring is fixed on the base, spring overcoat is equipped with spring spool, and spring spool lower end is fixed on the base and spring spool length is less than length;Installation and adjustment column is arranged on the pedestal beside equipment connecting column, sliding is provided with outer framework on installation and adjustment column, outer framework is inverted L-type, outer framework includes mobile jib and side lever, side lever free end is connected by linear motion system with equipment connecting column, and mobile jib is set on installation and adjustment column and mobile jib is provided with permanent magnet on electromagnet side;Mounting hole is provided on pedestal.Half provided in above-mentioned technical proposal actively, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, can effectively solve semi-active vibration-isolating device and quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators existing in the prior art work independently, can not free switching the problem of.

Description

A kind of partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness
Technical field
The present invention relates to vibration isolator technical fields, and in particular to a kind of partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness.
Background technique
During mechanical oscillation, many negative influences can be generated, such as in mechanical structure fields such as ship, automobiles, The vibration of the mechanical equipments such as power device can reduce the service life of equipment, secondly, vibration can also generate noise, influence passenger and relax Adaptive.Therefore, in actual work, effectively inhibiting, vibration bring influence is prevented to be very important, common Prevention method Vibration isolator is exactly installed on mechanical equipment.Common vibration isolator has common vibration isolator, semi-active vibration-isolating device, quasi- zero stiffness vibration isolation Device etc..Common vibration isolator generally has rubber type, metal type, a steel wire rope type, but their parameter be it is fixed, be not adjustable, It needs to be set in advance;Quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators have the characteristic of high static, low dynamic rate, and the intrinsic of system can be effectively reduced Frequency;Semi-active vibration-isolating device be it is adjustable, use scope is very wide, but does not have the characteristics of quasi- zero vibration isolation.
Semi-active vibration-isolating device and quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators are the common two kind forms in vibration isolator.Have both at home and abroad relevant Research achievement, application publication number are that the Chinese invention patent application of CN109322951A discloses a kind of semi-active vibration-isolating device, It using devices such as electromagnet, realizes that rigidity is adjustable, but is difficult to have possessed by quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators in principle for low The isolation characteristics of frequency or ultralow frequency;Patent No. CN106402262B Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of adjustable magnetism of rigidity Quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators realize a kind of passively quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators, bear rigid by designing permanent magnet negative stiffness device Degree size is manually adjusted when need to install, its vibration isolation frequency band is fixed range after adjusting;Patent No. CN206571897U's Utility model patent discloses a kind of semi- active control type vertical vibration isolation device with quasi- zero stiffness, and hydraulic device is used to realize A kind of quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators of half active realize that vibrating isolation system is constantly in quasi- zero stiffness shape under different bearer quality condition State, negative stiffness regulatory function mainly pass through external hydraulic auxiliary system and realize, and common hydraulic booster system needs to be equipped with control Structures, the auxiliary systems such as system processed, oil cylinder, oil pump, Fuel Tanking Unit are complex.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of half actives, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, can effectively solve existing Semi-active vibration-isolating device can not reduce that system frequency and quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators are unadjustable, the scope of application is small asks Topic.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, including permanent magnet, electromagnet, installation and adjustment column, equipment connect Column, outer framework and pedestal are connect, the center of the pedestal is provided with the equipment connecting column arranged vertically, the equipment connecting column Lower end pass sequentially through that electromagnet and spring are fixed on the base, and the spring overcoat is equipped with spring spool, the spring The lower end of sleeve is fixed on the base and the length of spring spool is less than the length of spring;The installation and adjustment column is vertically arranged On the pedestal beside equipment connecting column, sliding is provided with outer framework along its length on the installation and adjustment column, described outer Frame is inverted L-type, and the outer framework of L-type includes mobile jib and side lever, the free end of the side lever by linear motion system with The top of the equipment connecting column is connected, and the mobile jib is set on the installation and adjustment column and mobile jib is close to the one of electromagnet Permanent magnet is provided on side;It is additionally provided on the pedestal for the mounting hole fixed with ground installation.
Further scheme be further include control system, the control system includes sensor, controller and for controlling The controllable direct current power supply of electromagnet magnetic direction, the sensor and controllable direct current power supply are connected with the controller.
Further scheme is that installation and adjustment column surface is provided with external screw thread, and the mobile jib is opened along its length Equipped with through-hole, the mobile jib is arranged on installation and adjustment column by through-hole, is respectively provided on the installation and adjustment column at the mobile jib both ends There is locking nut, the outer diameter of the locking nut is greater than the aperture of the through-hole.
Further scheme is that the mobile jib is provided with mounting groove close to the side of electromagnet, and the permanent magnet setting exists In the mounting groove, the mounting groove is solid by the connector of at least one and the pressing plate of at least one close to the side of electromagnet Fixed, the size that each pressing plate inner ring surrounds is less than the size of mounting groove notch.
Further scheme is that the linear motion system is linear bearing or linear guide.
Half provided in above-mentioned technical proposal actively, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, structure is simple, high reliablity, Using being used cooperatively for permanent magnet and electromagnet, be free to switch between quasi- zero stiffness and half active, when electromagnet with When being gravitation between permanent magnet, it is presented as the positive rigidity of vibration isolator vertical direction, is semi-active vibration-isolating mode;When electromagnet and forever Between magnet be repulsion when, be presented as the negative stiffness of vibration isolator vertical direction, subject to zero stiffness vibration isolation mode;Simultaneously in outer framework Linear motion system is set between equipment connecting column, the direction of motion of equipment connecting column can not only be limited as vertical direction, And the frictional force when movement of equipment connecting column can also be reduced, guarantee its fluent motion;In addition spring spool is set, be used to protect Spring is protected, while also acting as the effect of fixed electromagnet, guarantees its center being in vibration isolator horizontal direction;Last benefit Enable permanent magnet to be in sustained height with electromagnet with the slidably setting of outer framework, with improve vibration isolator stability and Accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be of the present invention half actively, the structural schematic diagram of the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness;
Fig. 2 be of the present invention half actively, the top view of the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of control system of the present invention.
In figure: 1. pedestals;11. mounting hole;2. installation and adjustment column;21. mounting groove;22. locking nut;3. outer framework;31. Mobile jib;32. side lever;4. pressing plate;41. connector;5. equipment connecting column;51. threaded hole;6. linear motion system;7. permanent magnet; 8. electromagnet;81. iron core;82. coil;9. spring;91. spring spool;10. control system;101. controller;102. controllable straight Galvanic electricity source;103. sensor.
Specific embodiment
In order to which objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out specifically with reference to embodiments It is bright.It should be appreciated that following text is only used to describe one or more of specific embodiments of the invention, not to the present invention The protection scope specifically requested carries out considered critical.
The technical solution that the present invention takes is as shown in Figures 1 to 3, a kind of partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, packet Include permanent magnet 7, electromagnet 8, installation and adjustment column 2, equipment connecting column 5, outer framework 3 and pedestal 1, the center setting of pedestal 1 There is the equipment connecting column 5 arranged vertically, the upper end of equipment connecting column 5 is provided with threaded hole 51, convenient for the installation with system equipment, The lower end of equipment connecting column 5 passes sequentially through electromagnet 8 and spring 9 is fixed on pedestal 1, and wherein electromagnet 8 includes 81 He of iron core Coil 82 is bolted between iron core 81 and equipment connecting column 5, is arranged with spring spool 91 outside spring 9, spring spool 91 Lower end is fixed on pedestal 1, and the Design of length of spring spool 91 need to consider the size of the vibration displacement amount of vibrating isolation system, the present invention The middle Design of length by spring spool is that (length of spring spool is in the present embodiment between the 0.6~0.8 of spring installation length The 0.7 of spring installation length), it is ensured that under the premise of movement interference does not occur, the working condition of spring is effectively ensured, prevents Situations such as eccentric occurs when only spring is installed, to ensure that electromagnet is in the center in vibration isolator horizontal direction always above spring Position;Installation and adjustment column 2 is vertically arranged on the pedestal 1 on 5 side of equipment connecting column, on installation and adjustment column 2 along its length Sliding is provided with outer framework 3, and outer framework 3 is inverted L-type, is processed using materials such as electrical pure irons, can guarantee external magnetic circuit Airtightness is more preferable, and the outer framework 3 of L-type includes mobile jib 31 and side lever 32, and the free end of side lever 32 passes through (this of linear motion system 6 It is linear bearing in embodiment) it is connected with equipment connecting column 5, effect is that the direction of motion of fixed equipment connecting column 5 is vertical Direction, while it is smooth to guarantee that equipment connecting column 5 moves, and reduces friction;Mobile jib 31 is set on installation and adjustment column 2, is adjusted in installation External screw thread is arranged in the outer surface of segmented column 2, and mobile jib 31 offers through-hole along its length, and mobile jib 31 is set in installation by through-hole On adjustable column 2, it is provided with locking nut 22 on the installation and adjustment column 2 at 31 both ends of mobile jib, wherein the outer diameter of locking nut 22 is big It in the aperture of through-hole, is used to fix the height of outer framework 3 positioned at the upper lower locking nut at mobile jib both ends, realizes in installation vibration isolator When, the height of adjustable permanent magnet makes it remain sustained height with electromagnet, to guarantee the normal of quasi- zero stiffness mode Work;Mobile jib 31 is provided with mounting groove 21 close to the side of electromagnet 8, and permanent magnet 7 is arranged in mounting groove 21, and permanent magnet uses The ferromagnetic materials such as neodymium iron boron can increase the interaction force between electromagnet while reducing volume weight, to be Vibration isolator provides biggish stiffness variation range, and wherein mounting groove 21 is equidistantly arranged at intervals with four on the side of electromagnet 8 A screw hole passes through four pressing plates 4 by four connectors 41 (screw) and screw hole is fixed, what four 4 inner rings of pressing plate surrounded Size is less than the size of 21 notch of mounting groove, in order to which permanent magnet to be stably fixed in mounting groove, so that no matter in permanent magnet In the case where compression or tension, it is in good stationary state;It is additionally provided on pedestal 1 for installing fixation with ground Mounting hole 11.
As shown in figure 3, above-mentioned half active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness further include control system 10, control system 10 include sensor 103, controller 101 and the controllable direct current power supply 102 for controlling 8 magnetic direction of electromagnet, wherein sensing Device 103 is the acceleration transducer that Jiangsu joins the low frequencies of models such as energy CA-YD-109, for acquiring vibration signal;Controller 101 It is the control system that independent development is carried out based on NI virtual instrument (can also be based on SCM system, industry control board, computer etc.) System, for the input and output of signal, signal processing analysis, control decision etc.;Controllable direct current power supply 102 is English spy Roc IPA16- The program-controlled D.C. regulated power supply of the models such as 100LA, output voltage can be regulated and controled online by controlling signal.Sensor 103 It is connected with controller 101 with controllable direct current power supply 102, controller needs to export according to operating conditions controllable direct current power supply to be stablized Adjustable direct current, by the size and positive and negative, realization adjusting magnetic field size and direction, completion different working modes that control electric current Switching.Specifically: the Vibration Condition of vibrating isolation system is tested by sensor, and is input a signal into controller, controller After carrying out data acquisition and Digital Signal Processing, current operating mode is determined, into different control subprograms, according to tool The system and Vibration Condition of body, control controllable direct current power supply exports corresponding electric current, and then realizes between electromagnet and permanent magnet The adjusting of interaction force, so that vibration isolation rigidity is adjustable online, to realize the vibration isolation bandwidth adjustment of quasi- zero stiffness mode, half master The functions such as the high rigidity adjusting of dynamic model formula.The control aim parameter of control system is electric current in the present invention, without surging, pneumatic etc. is set Meter, so that the volume of control system is relatively small, technology maturation, cost is relatively low, while bringing response rapidly, operating mode The characteristics of can instantaneously switching.
Specific regulation is as follows: when adjusting current direction makes permanent magnet and electromagnet attract each other, that is, it is main to be switched to half Dynamic vibration isolation mode, electromagnetic force generate positive rigidity, strong and weak different according to electric current, rigidity size are adjusted, in higher spring rate The controllable ELECTROMAGNETIC STIFFNESS of a upper additional size, to make vibration isolator generate higher rigidity, to cope with the big positions such as impact, earthquake It moves, the special circumstances of high-energy, improves the safety of vibrating isolation system entirety;When the Static stiffness for needing to support is high, stability is strong, together When vibration isolating effect is good, vibration isolation range is wide vibration isolator when, can be switched subject to zero stiffness vibration isolation mode, i.e. adjustment current direction, allow Permanent magnet and electromagnet are mutually exclusive, generate negative stiffness, strong and weak by adjusting electric current, adjust negative stiffness size, so adjust every Shake effective working band, under general steady-state vibration operating condition, can make that vibrating isolation system frequency is lower, vibration isolation effective band is widened, System isolation effect greatly improves.
Partly active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness of the present invention, pass through the operating current for controlling vibration isolator, realize Its vibration isolation frequency band is adjusted online, while can also carry out in special circumstances function switch in impact etc., realizes another The high rigidity mode of semi- active control improves the safety and stability of vibrating isolation system to a certain extent;And use electric current Control has the characteristics that small in size, at low cost, response is rapid, operating mode instantaneously switches, control technology is mature simple.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations Mode in knowing the present invention after contents, is not departing from the present invention for those skilled in the art Under the premise of principle, several same transformation and substitution can also be made to it, these convert and substitute on an equal basis and also should be regarded as belonging to Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of half active, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, including the connection of permanent magnet, electromagnet, installation and adjustment column, equipment Column, outer framework and pedestal, it is characterised in that: the center of the pedestal is provided with the equipment connecting column arranged vertically, described The lower end of equipment connecting column passes sequentially through electromagnet and spring is fixed on the base, and the spring overcoat is equipped with spring pocket Cylinder, the lower end of the spring spool is fixed on the base and the length of spring spool is 0.6~0.8 times of spring installation length; The installation and adjustment column is vertically arranged on the pedestal beside equipment connecting column, is slided along its length on the installation and adjustment column Dynamic to be provided with outer framework, the outer framework is inverted L-type, and the outer framework of L-type includes mobile jib and side lever, the freedom of the side lever End is connected by linear motion system with the top of the equipment connecting column, the mobile jib is set on the installation and adjustment column, And mobile jib is provided with permanent magnet on the side of electromagnet;It is additionally provided on the pedestal for installing fixation with ground Mounting hole.
2. half active according to claim 1, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, it is characterised in that: further include control System, the control system include sensor, controller and the controllable direct current power supply for controlling electromagnet magnetic direction, described Sensor and controllable direct current power supply are connected with the controller.
3. half active according to claim 1, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, it is characterised in that: the installation is adjusted Segmented column surface is provided with external screw thread, and the mobile jib offers through-hole along its length, and the mobile jib is being pacified by through-hole setting On adjustment segmented column, locking nut is provided on the installation and adjustment column at the mobile jib both ends, the outer diameter of the locking nut is greater than The aperture of the through-hole.
4. half active according to claim 1, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, it is characterised in that: the mobile jib leans on The side of nearly electromagnet is provided with mounting groove, and the permanent magnet is arranged in the mounting groove, and the mounting groove is close to electromagnet Side fixed by the connector and at least one pressing plate of at least one, the size that each pressing plate inner ring surrounds is less than peace The size of tankage notch.
5. half active according to claim 1, the adjustable vibration isolator of quasi- zero stiffness, it is characterised in that: the straight line fortune Dynamic system is linear bearing or linear guide.
CN201910616159.9A 2019-07-09 2019-07-09 Semi-active and quasi-zero stiffness adjustable vibration isolator Active CN110219921B (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110544976A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-06 重庆大学 Piezoelectric self-powered combined beam vibration damper and control method thereof
CN110578770A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-17 上海大学 Electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite vibration control device based on synchronous switch damping technology
CN111677801A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Three-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic vibration isolation device based on positive and negative rigidity parallel connection
CN111677811A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Three-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic vibration isolation device based on parallel connection of positive stiffness and negative stiffness of magnetic repulsion force
CN111810757A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-23 中国核动力研究设计院 Initiative gallows device suitable for pipeline damping
CN111828524A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-27 中国核动力研究设计院 Novel electromagnetic negative stiffness vibration isolator with high radial stability
CN112963499A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-06-15 江苏大学 Vibration isolator based on parallel connection of positive stiffness and negative stiffness of magnetic attraction member and control method of vibration isolator
CN113027988A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-25 西安理工大学 Active and passive composite electromagnetic vibration isolation device and design method thereof
CN113757285A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-07 重庆大学 Negative stiffness generating mechanism and quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator
CN115596795A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-01-13 重庆大学(Cn) Viscous inertia damper

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Cited By (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110544976A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-06 重庆大学 Piezoelectric self-powered combined beam vibration damper and control method thereof
CN110578770A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-17 上海大学 Electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite vibration control device based on synchronous switch damping technology
CN110544976B (en) * 2019-09-23 2021-02-02 重庆大学 Piezoelectric self-powered combined beam vibration damper and control method thereof
CN111677811A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Three-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic vibration isolation device based on parallel connection of positive stiffness and negative stiffness of magnetic repulsion force
CN111677801A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Three-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic vibration isolation device based on positive and negative rigidity parallel connection
CN111810757A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-23 中国核动力研究设计院 Initiative gallows device suitable for pipeline damping
CN111828524A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-27 中国核动力研究设计院 Novel electromagnetic negative stiffness vibration isolator with high radial stability
CN112963499A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-06-15 江苏大学 Vibration isolator based on parallel connection of positive stiffness and negative stiffness of magnetic attraction member and control method of vibration isolator
CN112963499B (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-07-22 江苏大学 Vibration isolator based on parallel connection of positive stiffness and negative stiffness of magnetic attraction member and control method of vibration isolator
CN113027988A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-25 西安理工大学 Active and passive composite electromagnetic vibration isolation device and design method thereof
CN113027988B (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-09-27 西安理工大学 Active and passive composite electromagnetic vibration isolation device and design method thereof
CN113757285A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-07 重庆大学 Negative stiffness generating mechanism and quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator
CN115596795A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-01-13 重庆大学(Cn) Viscous inertia damper

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