CN110218678B

CN110218678B - Anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110218678B
Application number: CN201910537777.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张传忠; 高祥照
Original assignee: Henan Railway Locomotive Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Henan Railway Locomotive Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-20
Filing date: 2019-06-20
Publication date: 2021-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-20
Also published as: CN110218678A

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent for improving crop disease resistance, increasing yield, improving quality and loosening soil and a preparation method thereof, wherein bacillus subtilis antagonizes bacillus subtilis with the scientific name of Z-15, and the strain preservation number GDMCC NO: 60653, comprising 4-6 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4-6 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3-5 parts of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 3-5 parts of ethylene glycol, 3-152-3 parts of bacillus subtilis Z-152, 2-3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 5-8 parts of zinc sulfate, 5-8 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-8 parts of sodium borate and 56-60 parts of carrier culture medium, can improve the low disease resistance, low yield and soil hardening phenomenon of continuous cropping soil, enable soil colloid to adsorb hydrogen ions to free, increase the cation exchange amount of the soil, improve the soil structure, improve the fertility, maintain the moisture nutrition, improve the physicochemical properties of the soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil, increase the porosity of the soil, dredge the soil, promote crops to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium trace elements, improve the yield of the crops, control soil-borne diseases by the bacillus subtilis, and inhibit the growth or propagation of harmful pathogenic bacteria, the resistance of the plants to pathogenic bacteria is enhanced.

Description

Anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent for improving the phenomena of poor soil disease resistance, low crop yield and soil hardening caused by continuous cropping soil and aiming at improving the disease resistance of crops, loosening soil, increasing yield and improving quality and a preparation method thereof.

Background

China is a large country with many individuals and few land, the same crop is planted regionally, and many plots are planted continuously for many years, under the condition, even under normal cultivation and management conditions, weak growth vigor, increased soil diseases and insect pests, serious soil nutrient imbalance, deteriorated soil physicochemical property, changed soil enzyme activity and autotoxic action of crops (the crops release some autotoxic substances through the ways of overground leaching, root secretion, plant stubble and the like, and after the autotoxic substances reach a certain amount, the growth of the same or next crop of the same species or the same family is inhibited), so that the soil degradation area is large, the crop diseases and insect pests are serious, the growth and development of the crops are adversely affected, the disease resistance of the crops is poor, the soil is hardened, and further improvement of the yield and quality are limited.

Aiming at the problem, at present, no crop capable of realizing continuous cropping on soil is combined with advanced microbial technology by improving the soil physical and chemical environment, increasing the soil permeability, increasing the soil aggregate structure and adjusting the water, fertilizer, gas and heat of the soil, and besides a single effect, the interaction among different substances is utilized to complement each other to achieve the effect of 2+2 > 5, so that the soil environment for continuous cropping planting in successive years is improved, and the adverse factors and the adverse consequences caused by continuous cropping are solved.

At present, beneficial microorganisms are applied to soil improvement to improve the soil structure, improve the water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, and promote crops to absorb a large amount of essential elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like and trace elements, so that the purposes of promoting the growth of the crops and increasing the yield are achieved. At present, as an environment-friendly fertilizer, a microbial agent is patented by a plurality of inventors and becomes one of important directions for solving the sustainable development of agriculture in the future. For example, patent application publication No. CN 103103149A discloses a bacillus subtilis S001 with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity and growth promoting ability, and patent application publication No. CN 107056524A discloses a novel microbial seedling nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof, the above patent application has the characteristics of promoting crop growth, promoting root growth, strengthening seedling, inhibiting bacteria and resisting diseases, and microbial pesticide and microbial fertilizer are prepared by utilizing the antibacterial and growth promoting ability of bacillus subtilis. In addition to the above documents, many microbial fertilizers are disclosed, but most of the research on microbial agents focuses on the fields of nitrogen fixation, decomposition of soil organic substances and insoluble minerals, disease resistance, stimulation of crop growth, root system symbiosis and the like. Although a large number of patent applications of the microbial agents appear, high-efficiency strains are generally lacked, strain resources are lacked, strains of a plurality of manufacturers utilize the same strain, the strain is single, the soil problem is difficult to solve only by one strain in the case of the current complex soil degradation condition, the effective microbial agent group for improving the soil and promoting the yield of crops is rarely reported, and even if more than two strains are used for overcoming the problems, when the soil is improved by using a plurality of strains, the defects of poor effect, low synergistic protection capability, difficulty in reaching the highest value of the activity capability, poor stability and compatibility and the like are caused due to the lack of protection of synergistic components and other active substances and no supplement of other trace elements.

The compound microorganisms can generate synergistic effect in soil, complement each other, effectively improve soil structure, improve soil fertility, maintain soil moisture and nutrition, reduce soil pH value and salt content, promote crops to absorb major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like and medium and trace elements, and achieve the purpose of promoting crop growth and increasing yield.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent for improving serious soil-borne diseases, poor disease resistance, low yield and serious soil hardening caused by continuous cropping soil and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of high cost, poor effect and the like in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is realized as follows:

a Bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15, the taxonomic name of the Bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 is Bacillus subtilis, which is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism culture collection in 2019, 5.5.months, and the address is No. 59 Lou 5 Lou of Miehuo 100 in Guangzhou city, the strain preservation number is GDMCC NO: 60653.

the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4-6 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4-6 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3-5 parts of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3-5 parts of ethylene glycol;

(2) microbial population: b, bacillus subtilis Z-152-3 parts and bacillus mucilaginosus 2-3 parts;

(3) trace element components: 5-8 parts of zinc sulfate, 5-8 parts of manganese sulfate and 5-8 parts of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56-60 parts of carrier culture medium containing crude fat.

The anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is in a solid state.

The fatty acid sucrose ester is prepared by carrying out esterification reaction on sucrose and fatty acid at the temperature of 40-45 ℃.

The fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is prepared by using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst and performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on long-chain fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide under the condition of no water and no oxygen.

The carrier culture medium is a carrier culture medium containing crude fat, is a sesame cake fertilizer fermented and decomposed by using pure sesame cakes, has the weight percentage of the crude fat being more than or equal to 5 percent, the weight percentage of organic matters being more than or equal to 50 percent, the weight percentage of water being less than or equal to 20 percent and the pH being 5.5-8.5, and creates a special and better living environment and nutrient supply for the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 under the condition, thereby being more beneficial to the propagation of the strain.

A preparation method of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent comprises the following specific preparation steps:

step 1), the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is prepared by using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst and performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on long-chain fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide under the condition of no water and no oxygen;

step 2), the fatty acid sucrose ester is generated by esterification reaction of sucrose and fatty acid at the temperature of 40-45 ℃;

and 3) adding fermentation liquor into a pure-growing sesame cake crushed carrier culture medium, stirring and aerating after the temperature is raised to 50-65 ℃, and fermenting to obtain the coarse-growing sesame cake, wherein the high temperature is mainly used for effectively killing germ and insect eggs in the raw materials and evaporating a large amount of water, and particularly, when the temperature reaches about 65 ℃ in a middle-stage fermentation high-temperature stage, the stack temperature is timely turned over so as not to exceed 70 ℃, so that the coarse-growing fat weight percentage in the fermented sesame cake fertilizer is not less than 5%, the organic matter weight percentage is not less than 50%, the water weight percentage is not more than 20%, and the pH is 5.5-8.5.

Step 4), culturing the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 on a culture medium for 48 hours at the temperature of 32-36 ℃ and the pH of 6.5-7.0;

step 5) culturing the bacillus mucilaginosus strain on a culture medium for 33 hours at the temperature of 30-36 ℃ and the pH of 7.0-7.5;

step 6) adding the prepared active agent component consisting of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sucrose fatty acid ester, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and ethylene glycol and the trace element component consisting of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium borate into a double-helix stirrer containing a shock absorption seat according to parts by weight, vibrating and mixing uniformly, fully stirring for 50 min at normal temperature, then transferring into a closed instrument for full reaction, opening a container, and ventilating and cooling to room temperature;

step 7) placing the cultured bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 and the bacillus mucilaginosus into a fermented and decomposed carrier culture medium containing crude fat (a pure-grown sesame cake fermented and decomposed sesame cake fertilizer, wherein the crude fat content is more than or equal to 5%, the organic matter is more than or equal to 50%, the water content is less than or equal to 20%, and the pH value is 5.5-8.5) for mixing, and propagating in an adaptive environment for later use;

and 8) putting the cultured sample in the step 7) into a blender, putting the prepared sample in the step 6), fully mixing, screening, metering, packaging and warehousing.

The novel bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 is jointly developed by our company and life science college of Hebei university of agriculture, has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and extremely strong stress resistance, can secrete a plurality of antibiotics and mildew substances, stimulates the unfavorable growth environment of harmful microorganisms, prevents and treats soil-borne diseases, inhibits the growth or propagation of harmful pathogenic bacteria, and enhances the resistance of plants to the pathogenic bacteria.

The effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.

The invention has the following positive effects: the invention relates to a continuous cropping soil resistant repairing agent for improving the phenomena of poor soil disease resistance, low crop yield, soil hardening and the like caused by continuous cropping soil, aiming at improving the disease resistance of crops, increasing yield, improving quality and loosening the soil and a preparation method thereof. The soil colloid can free out hydrogen ions adsorbed by soil, increase the cation exchange capacity of the soil, effectively improve the soil structure, improve the soil fertility, maintain the soil moisture and nutrition, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, achieve the purposes of reducing the soil volume weight, increasing the soil porosity and loosening the soil, promote crops to absorb major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like and medium and trace elements, achieve the purpose of increasing the yield of the crops, and the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 can stimulate the unfavorable growth environment of harmful microorganisms, prevent and treat soil-borne diseases and inhibit the propagation of pathogenic bacteria.

The active agent added in the invention activates the active ingredients by utilizing the soil water through the physical and chemical absorption performance principle of the soil, plays a role through the reaction of soil air holes in the soil, performs the ion exchange function of the soil, enables the hydrogen ions absorbed by the soil to be dissociated, increases the cation exchange capacity of the soil, enables the soil to form more pores, improves the granular structure of the soil, enhances the air permeability and the fertilizer water permeability of the soil, and thus achieves the purposes of reducing the volume weight of the soil, increasing the porosity of the soil and loosening the soil.

The beneficial microbial population can kill part of pathogenic strains in soil and secrete toxin capable of killing pathogenic bacteria in soil. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 has the characteristics of preventing and treating soil-borne diseases and inhibiting the spread of pathogenic bacteria by stimulating the unfavorable growth environment of harmful microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 can generate various substances with bacteriostasis and bacteriolysis effects in the growth process, such as subtilin, organic acid, antimicrobial protein and the like, and the substances can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, even destroy the bacterial structure and kill the pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 has good prevention and treatment effects on diseases such as continuous cropping diseases, root rot diseases, gray mold and the like. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 can generate bactericidal substances such as lipopeptide, protein and the like in the colonization and reproduction process of parts such as root surfaces, root tips, ground diameters and the like of crops, thereby killing pathogenic bacteria of the crops and achieving the disease prevention effect. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 can secrete active substances, activate a plant defense system, enhance the immunity and disease resistance of crops, reduce or eliminate the harm of pathogenic bacteria to plants, promote the growth and development of seeds, seedlings and root systems of various plants, and enhance the disease resistance of the plants, thereby indirectly reducing the occurrence of diseases, such as increasing the formation of auxin such as indoleacetic acid, stimulating the development of the root systems of the crops, enhancing the photosynthesis, simultaneously converting substances which are difficult to absorb in soil into substances which are easy to absorb by the crops, promoting the absorption and utilization of the crops to nutrient substances, improving the utilization rate of fertilizers, promoting the growth of the root systems and the plants of the crops, and improving the disease resistance of the crops. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 not only can directly inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria, but also can enhance the disease resistance of plants by inducing the disease resistance potential of the plants, for example, the rice sheath blight biocontrol bacterium bacillus subtilis can induce the activity enhancement of the disease resistance related enzymes (POD, PPO and SOD) of rice leaf sheath cells, thereby achieving the disease resistance effect. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 forms a probiotic environment in soil, promotes the formation of a granular structure, improves the soil fertility and water retention capacity, increases the soil looseness and promotes the growth of root systems. The nutrient is characterized in that mineralization of the nutrient is accelerated, and the nutrient is changed into an effective state and an available state from an ineffective state and a slow effective state. Meanwhile, humification of the nutrients is accelerated, phytase is secreted, and most phytate in the soil is degraded; produce auxin to stimulate the growth of crops and raise the survival rate and emergence rate of seeds. Various effective antibacterial substances are separated and purified from metabolites of different strains of the bacillus subtilis. The bacillus subtilis antagonizes the bacteriolysis of the strain Z-15, and the bacteriolysis is mainly expressed by adsorbing on hypha of pathogenic bacteria, growing along with the growth of the hypha, and then generating bacteriolysis substances to cause protoplasm leakage to break the mycelium; or producing antibacterial substance to inhibit spore germination by dissolving cell wall or cell membrane of pathogenic spore to cause perforation and deformity of cell wall. The induction of plant resistance and the promotion of plant growth refer to the effect that the bacillus subtilis not only can inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria, but also can induce the self disease resistance mechanism of plants so as to enhance the disease resistance of the plants, wherein the bacillus subtilis has the strongest stress resistance, the largest functions, the widest adaptability and the most stable effect on antagonistic strain Z-15. The bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 can produce substances similar to cytokinin and plant growth hormone, and promote the growth of plants to resist the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. When the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 acts on soil, the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain can be colonized in the rhizosphere or in vivo of crops and has a specific fertilizer effect. The adsorption and biodegradation functions of bacillus subtilis to phenanthrene and benzopyrene in soil are realized, the water environment connected with the soil is called a soil-water environment system, a large amount of soil inherent microorganisms exist in the soil, a biological membrane exists on the surface of the soil, because the biological membrane forms an isolation layer, organic pollutants must firstly reach and penetrate through the isolation layer before contacting a solid substrate supporting the biological membrane, the adsorption behavior of mineral particles or the substrate is strongly changed, and the adsorption effect is greatly influenced, recent researches show that Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contained in the soil due to the influence of pollution, PAHs in sediments are mainly caused by crude oil pollution and incomplete combustion of industrial or civil coal, the adsorption and biodegradation researches of the bacillus subtilis to phenanthrene and benzopyrene show that the bacillus subtilis is used as an inoculated microorganism, both phenanthrene and benzopyrene can be adsorbed or biodegraded, and when the concentration of liquid-phase PAHs reaches balance in 48 hours, the phenanthrene is eliminated by the microorganisms, and the benzopyrene is eliminated by 85%; the 48h adsorption isotherms of the inoculated samples are linear and can better accord with a linear equation; under the condition of microorganism inoculation, the adsorption characteristics of the sediment and soil to phenanthrene and benzopyrene are greatly changed, the adsorption quantity to phenanthrene is increased by about 35 times, and the adsorption quantity to benzopyrene is reduced by about 2/3; the soil and sediment without inoculated microorganisms had a phenanthrene desorption rate of 20% and the inoculated sample group of 2.9%, whereas the desorption results for benzopyrene were in contrast to phenanthrene, 4% for the uninoculated control group and 3% for the inoculated sample group. The soil respiration intensity is one of soil biological activity indexes, can reflect the conversion and supply capacity of soil nutrients to a certain degree, the respiration rate change and the change direction also reflect the sensitivity and the response mode of an ecosystem to stress, and the soil biological activity index is an important index for environmental safety evaluation. Research shows that the bacillus subtilis treated by each mass fraction shows a stimulation effect on the soil respiration, and the larger the mass fraction of the bacillus subtilis in the soil is, the larger the stimulation effect on the soil respiration intensity is, namely, the stimulation intensity is in positive correlation with the pesticide application mass fraction. Soil enzyme is used as a monitoring index, evaluation of the ecological toxicological effect of pesticides becomes one of research hotspots in the field of environmental science, and urease belongs to a hydrolase deeply researched in soil and is the only enzyme which has great influence on conversion of urea in soil and utilization rate of urea. After the urea is applied to the soil, the urea is rapidly decomposed into carbon dioxide and ammonia under the catalytic action of urease, so that the activity of the soil urease is reduced, the urea hydrolysis is slowed down, hydrolysis products are adsorbed by the soil more, the volatilization loss of the urea hydrolysis product ammonia is effectively reduced, and the NH nitration potential of the hydrolysis product can be correspondingly reduced. Research shows that all the soil treated by the bacillus subtilis shows stimulation effect on soil urease, wherein the urease activity of the highest mass fraction treatment (3200mg/kg dry soil) is increased to the highest on the 28 th day, and the stimulation rate reaches 101.07%. The mechanism of the bacillus subtilis for the urease stimulation is probably that the microbial pesticide provides carbon source and nutrition for the growth of microorganisms, so that the number of the microorganisms producing the urease is increased, the activity is enhanced, the activity of the urease in soil is correspondingly enhanced, and the bacillus subtilis can improve saline-alkali soil.

The bacillus mucilaginosus has the functions of phosphate and potassium dissolving, activates the activity of phosphorus and potassium in soil, promotes the growth of crop roots, improves the utilization rate of soil fertilizers and increases the microbial population in soil. The bacillus mucilaginosus can decompose potassium and silicon in minerals and phosphorus in apatite, has the functions of releasing potassium and fixing nitrogen, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation processes. After being propagated in soil, the plant growth stimulin and various enzymes can be secreted to enhance the resistance of crops to some diseases and insect pests; also inhibit the growth of other pathogenic bacteria.

The trace elements can provide part of nutrient element supply, supplement nutrient element loss caused by continuous cropping and relieve the self-toxicity effect generated by continuous cropping crops.

The carrier culture medium containing the crude fat is sesame cake fertilizer fermented and decomposed by using a pure sesame cake, and contains rich organic matters (more than or equal to 50 percent), crude fat (more than or equal to 5 percent), protein, amino acid, trace elements, sugar and partial nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

The interaction of the substances can effectively improve the soil structure, improve the soil fertility, maintain the soil moisture and nutrition, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, promote crops to absorb major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like and medium and trace elements, and achieve the purposes of promoting the growth and increasing the yield of the crops, and the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 can stimulate the adverse growth environment of harmful microorganisms, prevent and treat soil-borne diseases and inhibit the propagation of pathogenic bacteria.

The invention is tested and demonstrated on different crops to obtain the following results:

under the same fertilization condition, applying continuous cropping resistant soil to Town watermelons in Shayi county of 2019 yearsActual observation results of the agent prove that the plant disease rate of the watermelons applied with the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is reduced by 4.4 percent compared with a control, the average weight of watermelons in a community is increased by 30.8 kg compared with the control, the increase rate is 33.89 percent, the sugar content is increased by 0.83 percent, and the soil compactness is reduced by 1.65kg/cm under the same plough layer condition²The reduction was 9.52%. The investigation result of the diseased plant rate of the Wuli watermelons in 2019 shows that after the continuous cropping greenhouse watermelons are applied with the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent, the diseased plant rate is reduced by 4.4 percent, and the abnormal fruit rate is reduced by 0.6 percent.

Under the same fertilization condition, the result of the application of the tobacco stage apples shows that: the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent can reduce the volume weight of soil and has the function of loosening the soil; the development of apple root systems can be promoted, and the root systems are robust and have more capillary roots; the yield of the apples is increased by 965 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 31.7 percent, and the yield is increased to an extremely remarkable level; the color and luster of the apple, the size of the fruit, the commodity rate of the apple and the like are obviously superior to those of the control; the disease fruit rate is reduced by 5.3 percent, the first-level fruit rate and the second-level fruit rate are increased by 5 percent, the yield value is increased by 6598 yuan/mu, the net yield value is increased by 6588.6 yuan/mu, and the input-output ratio is 1: 59.3.

Under the same fertilization condition, the continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent applied to grapes reduces the freezing damage of grapes caused by extreme cold weather, the yield of fresh grapes with the continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent applied reaches 1798.01kg, the yield of the grapes is increased by 480.35kg compared with a control (1314.66 kg of fresh grapes produced per mu), the yield is increased by 36.76%, the average yield per mu is increased by 5764.2 yuan, the economic benefit is remarkable, the average sugar content of berries is 16.86% (n ﹦ 5), the average sugar content of control berries is 15.76% (n ﹦ 5), and the average sugar content of berries is increased by 1.1 percentage point compared with the control. The relative improvement is 6.98%. Meanwhile, the soil profile of the vineyard is observed, so that the soil is loose, the grape roots are more, the roots are strong and developed, and the volume weight of the soil is reduced by 0.5-1.2 g/cm³Reducing the hardness of the soil by 56-135N/cm²。

Under the same fertilization condition, the application of the continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent for tobacco reduces mosaic disease and black shank caused by multi-year continuous cropping planting of tobacco leaves, the mosaic disease rate of tobacco is reduced by 2-58.7 percentage points, and the relative reduction range is 15.4% -96.5%; the tobacco black shank disease rate is reduced by 6-30 percentage points, the relative reduction range is 16.3-65.2%, the observation point of Yunan Hua Lupincun is even up to 100%, the effect is very obvious, the heavy metal absorption (the content of lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury and arsenic is respectively reduced by 1.39 mg/kg, 3.01 mg/kg, 0.102 mg/kg, 0.02mg/kg and 0.012 mg/kg) by the plant leaves is reduced, the content of pesticides in the plants is reduced, the tobacco leaf quality is improved, and the economic benefit of tobacco growers is increased by 640.51-1374.05 yuan/mu.

Detailed Description

The anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

The anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is in a solid state.

The carrier culture medium is a carrier culture medium containing crude fat, and is a sesame cake fertilizer fermented and decomposed by using pure sesame cakes, wherein the weight percentage of the crude fat is more than or equal to 5%, the weight percentage of organic matters is more than or equal to 50%, the water content is less than or equal to 20%, and the pH value is 5.5-8.5. Under the condition, a special and better living environment and nutrient supply are created for the antagonistic strain Z-15 of the bacillus subtilis, and the propagation of the strain is facilitated.

A preparation method of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent comprises the following specific steps:

and 3) adding fermentation liquor after crushing the pure raw sesame cake into the carrier culture medium containing the crude fat, stirring and aerating after the temperature is raised to 50-65 ℃, and fermenting to obtain the sesame cake, wherein the high temperature is mainly used for effectively killing germ and insect eggs in a sample and evaporating a large amount of water, and particularly, when the temperature reaches about 65 ℃ in the middle-stage fermentation high-temperature stage, the stack temperature is timely turned over so as not to exceed 70 ℃, so that the crude fat content in the fermented sesame cake fertilizer is not less than 5%, the organic matter content is not less than 50%, the water content is not more than 20%, and the pH is 5.5-8.5. Under the condition, a special and better living environment and nutrient supply are created for the antagonistic strain Z-15 of the bacillus subtilis, and the propagation of the strain is facilitated.

The effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.

Example 1: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 6kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3kg of ethylene glycol;

(2) microbial population: bacillus subtilis Z-152 kg and bacillus mucilaginosus 2 kg;

(3) trace element components: 5kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of manganese sulfate and 5kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

The anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is in a solid state.

and 3) adding fermentation liquor after crushing the pure raw sesame cake into the carrier culture medium containing the crude fat, stirring and aerating after the temperature is raised to 50-65 ℃, and fermenting to obtain the sesame cake, wherein the high temperature is mainly used for effectively killing germ and insect eggs in the raw materials and evaporating a large amount of water, and particularly, when the temperature reaches about 65 ℃ in the middle-stage fermentation high-temperature stage, the stack is turned over timely so that the stack temperature is not higher than 70 ℃, so that the crude fat content in the fermented sesame cake fertilizer is not less than 5%, the organic matter content is not less than 50%, the water content is not more than 20%, and the pH is 5.5-8.5. Under the condition, a special and better living environment and nutrient supply are created for the antagonistic strain Z-15 of the bacillus subtilis, and the propagation of the strain is facilitated.

The effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.

Example 2: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

The anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is in a solid state.

Example 3: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 4: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 5: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3kg of ethylene glycol;

(2) microbial population: bacillus subtilis Z-153 kg and bacillus mucilaginosus 2 kg;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 6: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(2) microbial population: bacillus subtilis Z-152 kg, bacillus mucilaginosus 3 kg;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 7: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 8kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of manganese sulfate and 5kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 8: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 9: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 5kg of zinc sulfate, 8kg of manganese sulfate and 5kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 10: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 5kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of manganese sulfate and 8kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 11: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 12: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 5kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 5kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 4kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 4kg of ethylene glycol;

(3) trace element components: 7kg of zinc sulfate, 7kg of manganese sulfate and 7kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 58 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 13: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(2) microbial population: bacillus subtilis Z-153 kg and Bacillus mucilaginosus 3 kg;

(3) trace element components: 8kg of zinc sulfate, 8kg of manganese sulfate and 8kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 14: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 6kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 15: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 6kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 16: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 6kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 17: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 6kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 18: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 19: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 5kg of zinc sulfate, 8kg of manganese sulfate and 8kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 20: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 8kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of manganese sulfate and 8kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 21: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 8kg of zinc sulfate, 8kg of manganese sulfate and 5kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 22: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 23: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 57 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 24: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 5kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 4kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(3) trace element components: 7kg of zinc sulfate, 6kg of manganese sulfate and 7kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 59 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 25: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 5.5 kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 4.5 kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 4.5 kg of ethylene glycol;

(2) microbial population: bacillus subtilis Z-152.5 kg, bacillus mucilaginosus 2.5 kg;

(3) trace element components: 6kg of zinc sulfate, 7kg of manganese sulfate and 8kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 57 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 26: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 6kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 5kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 4kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of ethylene glycol;

(4) carrier culture medium: 58 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 27: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 28: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(3) trace element components: 6kg of zinc sulfate, 6kg of manganese sulfate and 6kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 29: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4kg of sucrose fatty acid ester, 5kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3kg of ethylene glycol;

(3) trace element components: 7kg of zinc sulfate, 8kg of manganese sulfate and 5kg of sodium borate;

(4) carrier culture medium: 59 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Example 30: the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in grams by weight:

(4) carrier culture medium: 60 kg of carrier medium containing crude fat.

Test 1: the application effect report of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent applied to the Town watermelon in Xiyi county, Congress:

with the increasing supply and demand of watermelons, the quantity of the planted watermelons is increased, and continuous cropping occurs when the watermelons or the kindred crops are planted in the same soil for a long time. Watermelon is a plant most contraindicated for continuous cropping, and even under normal cultivation and management conditions, the watermelon can have weak growth vigor, increased soil diseases and insect pests, serious imbalance of soil nutrients, deterioration of soil physicochemical properties, change of soil enzyme activity and self-toxicity of crops. The agricultural technology limited company of train head agriculture in Henan province develops and invents a soil conditioner capable of solving the problem of continuous cropping resistance of watermelons, so that a test of applying the continuous cropping resistant soil conditioner to watermelons in Tokyo county of Xiayi city in 2019 is carried out, and the summary test and the actual measurement result are summarized as follows:

first, test conditions

1. Test site

The test site of the watermelon applied to the 'continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent' is arranged in the Town of Xinyi county, Shangqiu, Henan province, and the soil type is light soil.

2. Test material

The watermelon variety to be tested is '8424', and is planted in a greenhouse. The tested 'anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent' is developed, produced and provided by locomotive agricultural technology limited of province of Henan.

3. Design of experiments

The application of the 'continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent' test on the watermelons adopts a single-factor plot comparison method, namely 2 treatments are set: treatment 1 (no application, i.e. control, code CK) and treatment 2 (application, code AS), each treatment setting was 3 replicates.

Second, production measuring method

In the test area, ripe watermelons are picked in a contrast and application mode of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent in a grading mode, actual production and actual harvest are achieved, meanwhile, the sugar content of the watermelons is measured through a handheld sugar measuring instrument, and the soil depth and the soil compactness are measured through a soil compactness measuring instrument.

Yield increasing and quality improving effects of 'anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent' applied to watermelon garden

Effect of 'anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent' on the number of watermelon plants

According to the actual field observation result, the number of diseased plants treated by applying the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent to the watermelons is 2, and the diseased plant rate is 6.7 percent; the number of diseased plants in the control was 10, the disease rate was 11.1%, and the disease rate was 4.4% lower than that in the control.

Effect of 'anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent' on watermelon yield

According to the actual measurement result, under the same production, ecology, variety and soil conditions, the watermelon garden is applied with the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent, the average yield of each watermelon is 3.4 kg, and the average yield of a cell is 90.87 kg; the average weight of the control single melon is 3.88 kg, the average yield of the cell is 121.67 kg, the weight of the application is increased by 0.48 kg compared with the control single melon, the yield of the cell is increased by 30.8 kg, and the yield is increased by 33.89%.

Influence of 'anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent' on sugar content of watermelon

According to the results of field actual measurement by using a handheld sugar meter, the watermelon is applied with the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent, the average sugar content is 10.28 percent (n ﹦ 10), the average sugar content of a control watermelon is 9.45 percent (n ﹦ 10), and the sugar content is increased by 0.83 percent compared with the control.

Influence of 'anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent' on soil compactness of watermelon field

Using soil compactness meter to measure result on site and strip at same plough layer depthUnder the condition, the watermelon is applied with the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent, and the soil compactness is averagely 15.69 kg/cm²The control averaged 17.34 kg/cm²The application is reduced by 1.65kg/cm compared with the control²The reduction was 9.52%.

Fourth, conclusion

The results are combined to show that after the continuous cropping greenhouse watermelons are applied with the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent, the plant disease rate is reduced by 4.4 percent, the average weight ratio of the residential watermelon to the control is increased by 30.8 kg, the increase rate is 33.89 percent, the sugar content is increased by 0.83 percent, and the soil compactness is reduced by 1.65kg/cm under the same plough layer condition²The reduction was 9.52%.

Test 2: the application effect report of the application of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent to the fresh grapes implemented by the invention is as follows:

first, an exemplary situation:

1. demonstration site: the demonstration site of the application of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent for the fresh grapes is arranged in Hongyun county, village and village of Cudrania tricuspidata, Shanghai, Henan province, such as poem family farms (North latitude N34 degrees 02 '5.44' and east longitude E115 degrees 26 '45.96'), and the soil type is heavy loam soil in a moisture soil subclass.

2. Test materials: the grape variety to be tested is seedless type 'early honey', the tree age is 5 years, and the area of the grape garden to be tested is 7 mu. The test material is the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent.

3. An exemplary design: the application of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent in the fresh grapes adopts a single-factor large-area comparison method, namely 2 treatments are set: treatment 1 (no application, i.e. control, code CK) and treatment 2 (application, code AS), both treatments were 9 line areas within the set exemplary area.

4. And (4) other management: the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is scattered around the trunk and covered with soil at any time, and the application amount is 2 kg/mu. The other agronomic measures are the same, namely 50kg of compound fertilizer (14-16-15 s) and 80kg of organic fertilizer are applied per mu as base fertilizer; 10kg of liquid fertilizer and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu of berries in the expanding period and the coloring period. The compound is mancozeb and lime sulphur in the early period, and foliar fertilizer is added in the midge procumbent fertilizer in the later period, so that the DuPonkun is added in the late period, and the DuPonkun is used for preventing pests. In addition, the biogas liquid fertilizer is applied twice by combining with watering in the berry expanding period.

Secondly, a production measuring method comprises the following steps: in the experimental demonstration area, two lines and 20 plants are selected at random respectively for the Control (CK) and the application of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation Agent (AS), the ear observation and the actual yield and the yield are carried out, and the sugar content of berries and the like are measured by a handheld sugar meter.

Thirdly, the yield increasing and quality improving effects of the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent applied to the vineyard are as follows:

the influence of the 'continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent' on the number of effective spikes of grapes is as follows: according to the results of on-site actual observation, the fresh grapes are treated by the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent, the total number of 20 effective clusters is 174, the average number of each effective cluster is 8.7, the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent is not applied (namely, the control), the total number of 20 effective clusters is 152, the average number of each effective cluster is 7.6, under the same soil, ecological, variety and management conditions, the number of the applied anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent is increased by 22 compared with that of the control effective clusters, the amplification is 14.47%, the average number of the effective clusters is increased by 1.1, and the amplification is 14.47%.

The influence of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on the yield of fresh grapes is as follows: according to the actual test result, under the same production, ecology, variety and soil conditions, the vineyard is applied with the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent, the yield of 20 fresh grapes is 161.74kg, the average yield of each fresh grape is 8.087kg, the yield of each fresh grape is reduced to 1798.01kg, the yield is increased by 480.35kg compared with 1314.66kg of the control fresh grapes, and the yield increase amplitude is 36.76%. If the average selling price of local fresh grapes is 12 yuan/kg, 2kg of the continuous cropping-resistant soil remediation agent is applied to each mu of the fresh grape garden, the average mu yield value is increased by 5764.2 yuan, and the economic benefit is remarkable.

The influence of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on the sugar content of fresh grapes is as follows: according to the results of field actual measurement by using a handheld glucose meter, the sugar content of berries is averagely 16.86% (n ﹦ 5) and the sugar content of control berries is averagely 15.76% (n ﹦ 5) when the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is applied to the fresh grapes, and the sugar content of the berries is increased by 1.1% compared with the sugar content of the control berries and is relatively increased by 6.98%.

Fourthly, conclusion: under the influence of extremely cold air in a vineyard, the effective fruit cluster of the grape applied with the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is increased by 22 clusters, the amplification is 14.47 percent, the effective fruit cluster of each plant is increased by 1.1 cluster on average, the amplification is 14.47 percent, the sugar content is increased by 1.1 percent, the yield per mu is increased by 480.35kg compared with the control, the average yield per mu is increased by 5764.2 yuan, the economic benefit is remarkable, and the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent can improve the stress resistance of the grape, increase the yield of the grape, improve the sweetness of the grape and achieve the effects of increasing the yield and improving the quality.

Test 3: the application effect report of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent in flue-cured tobacco in tobacco producing areas of Yu Gui Xiang Si province:

summary of application of continuous cropping-resistant soil remediation agent in Yunobu Xiangyu four provinces smoke region:

1. the application method comprises the following steps: the application base points of each province are designed by adopting a unified single-factor field comparison method, namely, a control (without a continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent, code CK) and an application continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent (code AS) are set for two treatments. The dosage of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is 1kg per mu, and the agent is applied in holes when the tobacco leaves are transplanted. The fertilization bases (the types and the quantities of the fertilizers) of the two fertilizers and the organic fertilizers are correspondingly consistent, namely, fertilization (bottom fertilization and top fertilization) of each point is respectively implemented according to the conventional fertilization standards all year round under the respective production, ecological and technical conditions, and other field management measures are consistent. The treatment area of each base point is 20-40 mu, most of the planted tobacco varieties are Yunyan 85, Yunyan 87, Yunyan 99, Yunyan 105 and K326, Zhongyan 100, Qin 96 and the like of Yunyan tobacco series, the row spacing of the field is most 50cm multiplied by 120cm, and the planting density is about 1000-plus 1100 plants/mu generally.

2. Applying the tobacco field ecological background: the soil types of various regions from south to north relate to red soil, yellow soil, brown soil, yellow brown soil, moist soil, brown soil and the like; the landform has mountainous regions, plains and hilly transition zones, and the altitude difference is very large and is from 100 meters to more than 1000 meters, even more than 2000 meters; the application area has large span, and relates to the southwest tobacco zone (Yunobu), the China tobacco zone (Hunan West) and the North China tobacco zone (Henan), the natural geographical position of the tobacco zone crosses 8 latitudes from south to north, namely from 26 degrees to 34 degrees in north latitude, the east-west span also from 114 degrees to 102 degrees in east longitude, and the natural ecological climate conditions have great difference. The specific site is generally selected from old tobacco areas with medium-grade soil fertility, good soil quality and better irrigation and drainage conditions in the tobacco field, and tobacco growers have rich cultivation technical experience and perfect tobacco leaf baking facilities.

3. Applying an observation analysis method: during the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco in each base, sampling at 5 points is carried out on each treatment according to agronomic character observation, 10 representative tobacco plants are continuously selected at random at each sampling point, the agronomic characters such as plant height, effective leaf number, maximum length and width of leaves and the like are respectively observed, and the disease condition of the tobacco plants and the compactness index of plough layer soil are observed; randomly determining 100-110 samples when the tobacco leaves are picked in multiple times, respectively weighing the fresh weight of all picked leaves, marking the fresh weight, and then baking; after the graded picking is finished, 10 stalks and the attached plough layer root groups of 0-20 cm are selected for each treatment, washed clean by clear water in time and then taken back to a laboratory to observe the fresh and dry weights of the stalks and the root systems respectively; after baking the tobacco leaves picked in the grading manner, respectively weighing the dry weight of the sample leaves, counting the acre yield, and grading the grades of the flue-cured tobacco; and finally, calculating yield and input ratio according to the flue-cured tobacco yield, yield value and income technical parameters, and carrying out economic benefit analysis.

Second, applying the anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent to flue-cured tobacco results and analysis

1. Influence of continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent on main agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco

(1) The anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent has high promotion effect on tobacco plants in the field.

The results of the observations are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the control, the plant height of tobacco leaves in tobacco regions in Yunguxiang is respectively increased by 3.6-45.5 cm (average 18.0 cm), the increase is respectively 3.6-63.6% (average 21.0%), and the dry matter weight of tobacco leaves and stems is increased by 12.5% (see Table 2). The method shows that under the conditions of the existing production, ecology, technology and variety, the flue-cured tobacco uses the continuous cropping resistant soil repairing agent to promote the growth and development of plant stalks and provide important substance support for the growth and development of main economic organ leaves of the flue-cured tobacco, the yield increase of tobacco leaves, the quality improvement and the like.

TABLE 1 influence of applied anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent in Yunliangxiang tobacco district on the height of flue-cured tobacco plants

TABLE 2 influence on the dry and fresh weight of tobacco plant stalks (Yushan technology park in Caizhou, Zunyi, Guizhou province)

(2) The effect of the anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent on promoting tobacco economic organ leaves.

TABLE 3 influence of anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent applied in Yun Gui Xiang tobacco district on growth and development of flue-cured tobacco leaf

The tobacco leaves are the main organs for forming economic yield, and under the condition that the tobacco plant population in unit area is relatively stable, the number of the effective leaves of a single plant and the size of the leaf area are decisive factors for obtaining the tobacco yield despite the difference among varieties, and the tobacco leaves are also closely related to the quality of tobacco. The results show (table 3) that the promotion action trends of the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent applied to tobacco on the growth and development of leaves are consistent, the effect is obvious, and different tobacco regions, different varieties, different soils and different ecological climate conditions are all exceptional. The anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent provides an important material basis for increasing the yield and improving the quality of tobacco through promoting the effect on the area of effective leaves and leaves thereof.

(3) The impact of the continuous cropping resistant soil repairing agent on the growth and development of the root system of the flue-cured tobacco. One of the main functions of the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent is to improve the soil permeability and simultaneously remarkably promote the growth and the expansion of a root system. Table 4 shows that in the southwest tobacco zone and the southwest tobacco zone, after the tobacco is applied with the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the tobacco farmland layer and the root system are obviously increased, the increase of the fresh weight and the dry weight is respectively 7.4-19.3% (average 14.1%) and 14.4-28.6% (average 23.1%), and the increase effect of the dry weight is more obvious.

TABLE 4 influence of anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on dry and fresh root system of tobacco field plough layer

2. Influence of continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent on disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco

Due to continuous improvement of production conditions, complex and variable ecological microclimate of tobacco fields and continuous cropping factors that certain tobacco areas (such as alpine mountains and the like) are difficult to regulate and control, tobacco diseases of main tobacco areas in China tend to be more and more serious. In the process of applying the anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent to flue-cured tobacco, the disease resistance of the flue-cured tobacco is systematically observed, and the remarkable disease resistance effect of the anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent is further verified, which is respectively shown in tables 5 and 6. The tobacco mosaic disease rate is reduced by 2-58.7 percentage points, and the relative reduction range is 15.4-96.5%; the tobacco black shank disease rate is reduced by 6-30 percent, the relative reduction range is 16.3-65.2 percent, the Yunnan Hualuping village observation point even reaches 100 percent, and the effect is very obvious.

TABLE 5 Effect of anti-replant soil remediation Agents on the incidence of tobacco mosaic disease

TABLE 6 influence of anti-replant soil remediation Agents on the incidence of tobacco Black shank

3. Influence of continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent on soil tightness condition

TABLE 7 influence of anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent applied in Yun Guixiang tobacco district on tobacco field soil hardness

The results of the multi-point systematic field in each smoke area respectively measured by a soil hardness tester and a soil compactness tester (Table 7) prove that after the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is applied to the tobacco fields in each point of the Yunliangxiang smoke area, the soil hardness is averagely reduced by 45N/cm in comparison with the control in a certain soil layer measurement depth range²The average decrease was 10.8%. And the pressure intensity of each cm of soil layer in the measurement range is converted, and the applied Yunliang is reduced by 0.59-5.88N/cm compared with the control. The anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent improves the tightness of the root soil of the flue-cured tobacco plants to a great extent, and is beneficial to the growth and development of root systems and the longitudinal and transverse expansion of the root systems.

TABLE 8 influence of application of anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent in various tobacco areas of Henan province on tobacco field soil compactness

4. Novel discovery of comprehensive resistance of continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent

(1) The continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent has a flooding resistant function. Under the conditions of heavy rain and water accumulation in tobacco fields in the Daanshou Wuxing village (north latitude N29 degrees 30 '15.54' and east longitude E109 degrees 39 '42.49') in Longshan county of Xian Xiang flue-cured tobacco producing area. According to field observation, the growth condition treatment of No. 2 demonstration plot flue-cured tobacco leaves has obvious difference, in a control treatment area, the leaves at the base of the plant are withered and yellow, even more withered and dead fallen leaves, and meanwhile, the normal green leaves are fewer, while in a treatment area applying the continuous cropping resistant soil repairing agent, the contrast is realized, the withered and yellow leaves at the base of the plant are reduced by 27.5 percent compared with the control, and the normal green leaves are increased by 24.1 percent compared with the control. The application of the continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent can improve the growth quality of the overground part of the stems and leaves and offset the adverse ecological effect of flooding for multiple days due to the improvement of the permeable condition of the soil, the corresponding normal development of the root system, the synthesis of more organic matters and less consumption.

(2) The application of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent can eliminate or buffer the adverse effect of excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer. The continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is applied to the TaoTungu village (northern latitude N27 degrees 10 '30.53' and east longitude E103 degrees 36 '22.88') in the Ludian county of Showton city in Yunnan province for observation, and then the lower leaves and a part of the middle leaves of the tobacco field are picked and normal kang tobacco is carried out, and the upper leaves are picked and baked. Observation results show that flue-cured tobacco plants in a field applying the continuous cropping resistant soil repairing agent have proper leaf thickness, normal mature yellowing and uniform growth and development, strong plants and few diseased plants, particularly tobacco leaves have high maturity and good leaf color, the leaves are bright and glossy, the oil content is sensed by touching the leaves with hands, the adjacent field not applying the continuous cropping resistant soil repairing agent has a vigorous growth trend, the leaves have gray and dark colors, more green late-maturing lateral buds are generated, the field diseased plant rate and the diseased leaf rate are high, and the results caused by high application amount of nitrogen fertilizer or late application of nitrogen fertilizer are obviously shown. The anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent has the effect of eliminating or buffering negative effects caused by unreasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer.

5. Yield increasing and quality improving effects of flue-cured tobacco by applying continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent

TABLE 9 influence of application of anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent in Yunliangxiang tobacco district on yield, grade and economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco

The systematic observation result after the tobacco leaves are baked shows that the yield of the anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent applied to the flue-cured tobacco in YuanGuixiang tobacco district is increased remarkably, the yield per unit yield is increased by 2.5% -10.9%, the average yield is increased by 6.3%, the first-class tobacco proportion is increased by 11.4%, the average yield per mu is increased by 461.82 yuan, and the average yield and input ratio is 11.55 according to the selling price of the anti-continuous cropping soil repairing agent per kilogram of 40 yuan.

6. Effect of reducing activity of heavy metal ions by applying anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent to flue-cured tobacco

After the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent is applied to the tobacco leaves in the flat dam test base of the tobacco institute of Guizhou province, the content of heavy metal cadmium in the tobacco leaves is detected, and the result is obtained (Table 10): from the detection of cadmium in the flue-cured tobacco leaves, the application of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent can effectively reduce the cadmium content in the tobacco leaves, and the lower, middle and upper parts of the tobacco leaves are respectively lower than the control by 0.17mg/kg, 0.72 mg/kg and 0.48 mg/kg.

TABLE 11 influence of anti-replant soil remediation agent applied to tobacco leaves in the flat dam test base of the Guizhou institute of tobacco, department of tobacco science on the cadmium content in the roasted tobacco leaves (unit: mg/kg)

Location of a body part	CK	AS	AS-CK	Reduction of amplitude/%)
					Lower cigarette	2.73	2.55	-0.17	6.23
Middle cigarette	2.12	1.41	-0.72	33.96
					Upper cigarette	2.05	1.56	-0.48	23.41

Thirdly, the conclusion of the flue-cured tobacco demonstration application of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is as follows: the application of the continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent for flue-cured tobacco has the effects of remarkably and comprehensively promoting the growth and development of tobacco, resisting diseases and stress, loosening soil, improving quality, improving economic benefit and reducing the content of heavy metal in flue-cured tobacco leaves.

1. The growth and development of the stems, leaves and roots of the flue-cured tobaccos are comprehensively promoted, the overground and underground dynamic development of tobacco plants is robust and coordinated, and the mutual promotion is realized, so that a material basis is provided for the formation of yield.

2. The disease resistance of tobacco plants to tobacco black shank and mosaic is enhanced, the growth stage plays a basic role in improving the baking quality afterwards, and a new way is provided for pollution-free cultivation, green cultivation, high-benefit cultivation and soil remediation cultivation of tobacco due to the special functions of no toxicity, no harm, no pollution and wide adaptability (broad spectrum) of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent.

3. The effective improvement of the agricultural character of the flue-cured tobacco also has direct or indirect relation with one of the main functions of the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent for improving soil hardening and enhancing soil permeability, and provides a basic, continuous and innovative reliable technical guarantee for improving the soil ecological environment of the tobacco fields in new and old tobacco regions and field microclimates with different landforms and complex and variable vertical land conditions.

4. The continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent can obviously improve the grade of flue-cured tobacco, not only can improve the yield, but also can improve the quality, optimize the ecological environment of tobacco field soil, eliminate the negative influence caused by improper nitrogen fertilizer application, increase the yield by 6-23.5%, increase the value by 493.36-1181.4 yuan, increase the value by 11.7-41.7%, and generally achieve the yield-input ratio of 12.33-29.79: 1. 5. the application of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent can obviously reduce the content of heavy metal cadmium in the flue-cured tobacco leaves, so that the content of cadmium in the middle and upper flue-cured tobacco leaves is respectively reduced by 2.5-52.2% and 6.7-34.7%.

Test 4: the result of applying the 'anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent' to watermelons is reported as follows:

continuous cropping can occur when watermelons or closely related crops are planted in the same soil for a long time. Watermelon is a plant most contraindicated for continuous cropping, and even under normal cultivation and management conditions, the watermelon can have weak growth vigor, increased soil diseases and insect pests, serious imbalance of soil nutrients, deterioration of soil physicochemical properties, change of soil enzyme activity and self-toxicity of crops. The test for applying the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent to the watermelons of the litura longifolia in used as a personal name in ancient times sunny areas is summarized as follows:

firstly, test conditions:

1. test site: the soil type of the litu-mouth town populus pentandra is light loam in used as a personal name in ancient times Yangyang area of Shangqiu city in Henan province.

2. Test materials: the watermelon variety to be tested is 'super dream' and is planted in a greenhouse.

3. And (3) experimental design: the test adopts a single-factor cell comparison method, and 2 treatments are set: treatment 1 (no application, i.e. control, code CK) and treatment 2 (application, code AS), each treatment was set up to 3 replicates and each cell area was 3m x 8m =24 square meters.

4. And (4) other management: the conventional treatment is carried out on cow dung applied at the bottom in about 3 directions, the nitro-sulfenyl content is 45 percent, and the compound fertilizer is 15 to 15 kg per mu.

Secondly, a production measuring method comprises the following steps: in the test area, ripe watermelons are picked in times by Contrast (CK) and application of a continuous cropping resistant soil remediation Agent (AS), the actual yield is realized, and the sugar content of the watermelons is measured by a handheld sugar meter.

The influence of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on the number of watermelon plants is as follows: actually observing results on site, applying a 'continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent' to the watermelons, wherein the total of 181 repeated watermelons is 3, the number of diseased plants is 10, and the number of malformed fruits is 2; the control had 184 total strains, wherein the number of diseased strains was 2, the malformed fruits were 1, the disease rate was reduced by 4.4% and the malformed rate was reduced by 0.6%.

The effect of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on the yield of the watermelon: according to actual test results, under the same production, ecology, variety and soil conditions, the watermelon garden is applied with the 'continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent', the weight of 66 watermelons is 138.5kg after being picked, the average yield of each watermelon is 2.1kg, the total weight of the watermelons picked twice is 356.6kg, the contrast yield of 51 watermelons is 90.3kg, the total weight of the watermelons picked twice is 458.3kg, the average yield of each watermelon is 1.8kg, the yield of a single watermelon is increased by 0.3kg, the yield of the watermelon is increased by 101.7 kg, and the yield is increased by 28.5%.

The influence of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on the sugar content of the watermelon: according to the results of field actual measurement by using a handheld sugar meter, the watermelon is applied with the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent, the average sugar content is 10.13 percent (n ﹦ 6), the average sugar content of a control watermelon is 9.75 percent (n ﹦ 6), and the sugar content is increased by 0.38 percent compared with the control, and is relatively increased by 3.90 percent.

Fourthly, conclusion: after the continuous cropping greenhouse watermelons are applied with the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent, the disease rate is reduced by 4.4 percent, the malformation rate is reduced by 0.6 percent, the total weight of the watermelons picked twice is increased by 101.7 kg compared with the control, the increase rate is 28.5 percent, the sugar content is increased by 0.38 percent, and the sugar content is relatively increased by 3.90 percent.

Test 5: a summary report of the fertilizer efficiency demonstration of the application of the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent on apples in the Shandong mu-Zhi plain area 2017 and 2018:

1 exemplary Source and destination

In order to verify the effects of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent produced by Henan province locomotive agricultural technology limited company on the aspects of weight reduction, yield increase, quality improvement, efficiency improvement, soil improvement and the like and provide a basis for large-area popularization and application, the soil fertilizer of the leveling zone of the tobacco terrace city stands in the field of apples from 10 months in 2017 to 10 months in 2018.

2 exemplary materials and methods

2.1 test soil

The soil type brown soil is arranged in a Zhaohai orchard of the Zuguezhuangzhou Yudong, a muyue district, a tobacco table city, the surface texture is light, the fertility is uniform, the irrigation and drainage conditions are good, and the fertilizer test is not carried out. The physicochemical property measurement was performed exemplarily in 2017, 10 and 18 months, and the results were as follows: 10.8g/kg of organic matter, 0.74g/kg of total nitrogen, 53.7mg/kg of available phosphorus, 195mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 5.0 of pH value and 1.44g/cm3 of volume weight.

2.2 Fertilizer tested

An anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is provided by the agricultural technology limited company of locomotives in province of Henan province.

2.3 test article

Apple, variety red Fuji (bagged), 12 years old, 50 plants per mu.

2.4 exemplary designs and methods

2.4.1 exemplary design

An example is given of 3 processes.

Treatment 1: local habitual fertilization (CK);

and (3) treatment 2: CK + anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent;

2.4.2 demonstration method

1, carrying out base application of 375kg of 45% organic fertilizer and 80kg of compound fertilizer (20-10-15) in each acre in 11 and 3 days in 2017, wherein the base fertilizer is applied in radial furrows; topdressing 10kg of water-soluble fertilizer (15-5-30) in the area of 21 days in 8 months in 2018, and sowing the topdressing on the ground and then furrow irrigation. Treating 2, applying 375kg of locomotive organic fertilizer and 2kg of continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent (called as the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent in the same day) and 64kg of formula fertilizer (17-13-15) in the same mu, wherein the base fertilizer is applied in radial furrows; 8kg of water-soluble fertilizer (15-5-30) is additionally applied to 21-day acre in 8 months in 2018, and is sown on the ground and then is irrigated in furrows. And 3, treating, namely applying 375kg of continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent, 30kg of water soluble fertilizer (20-12-18), 10kg of water soluble fertilizer (15-30-5) in 6-13-day-per-mu in 2018 and 10kg of water soluble fertilizer (15-5-30) in 21-day-per-mu in 8-8, wherein the organic fertilizer is applied in radial furrows, and the fertilizer is applied by drip irrigation. Except for the above differences, other agricultural measures and field management are consistent.

3 demonstration results and analysis

3.1 Effect of different treatments on soil bulk weight

In 2018, in 9 and 29, the soil volume weight of the plough layer is measured for different treatments, and the result is shown in table 1. As shown in the table, the volume weight of treatment 2 was reduced by 0.09 g/cm as compared with that of treatment 1³The continuous cropping resistant soil restoration agent has the function of loosening soil.

Table 1 different treatments after demonstrationUnit of measured value of volume weight of plough layer soil: g/cm³

Treatment of	Volume weight	Lower than CK
			Process 1 (CK)	1.44	-
Treatment 2	1.40	0.04

3.2 Effect of different treatments on crop root systems

In 2018, in 9 and 29, the underground root systems of different apple trees are dug and compared. Soil layers with the length of 1 meter, the width of 50 centimeters and the depth of 50 centimeters are respectively dug at a position 1 meter away from the trunk, so that the lateral roots processed by the method 2 are strong and many, the branches are many, the capillary roots are developed, the lateral roots processed by the method 1 are obviously weak, the lateral roots are relatively tiny, the branches are few, and the capillary roots are few. The application of the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent can promote the development of apple root systems.

3.3 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and output

3.3.1 Effect of different treatments on crop yield

During the production measurement, 3 production measurement cells are measured randomly for each treatment, 6 apple trees in each production measurement cell are harvested at one time in 10 months and 10 days, each cell is singly harvested, singly weighed and singly weighted, the yield of each cell is counted, and the yield result is shown in a table 2. The result shows that the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent increases 965 kg/mu of apples compared with the habitual fertilization and the yield is 31.7 percent. By analysis of variance, F =36.08 > F0.01=10.90, and the inter-treatment difference reaches a very significant level.

TABLE 2 apple yield results table

The yield difference between treatment 1 and treatment 2 reached a significant level by multiple comparisons. In the test, the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent is extremely remarkable in yield increase compared with the conventional fertilization, which shows that the application of the anti-continuous cropping soil restoration agent can loosen soil, promote the development of apple root systems, improve the nutrient environment of apple root layers and facilitate the root systems to absorb more nutrients, so that the apple yield is increased, and the yield increase effect is extremely remarkable.

TABLE 3 multiple comparison of different process yield results

3.3.2 Effect of different treatments on crop yield

Compared with a control, the apple applied with the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is obviously superior to the control in aspects of apple color, fruit size and the like, and the pest and disease damage is relatively reduced. We randomly selected 3 apple trees per treatment, and conducted the investigation of apple yield value forming factors. The results show that: compared with the control single plant, the application of the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent increases the fruiting amount by 73, the disease fruit rate is reduced by 5.3 percent, the first-level and second-level fruit rates are increased by 5 percent, and the yield value is increased by 6598 yuan/mu (see table 4 for details).

TABLE 4 summary of factors of different processed apple yield values

Note: the average of the first and second fruits is 7 yuan/kg, and the average of the other fruits is 2 yuan/kg.

3.4 Effect of different treatments on yield enhancement and input-output ratio

Under the condition of consistent field management, if only the cost of fertilizers and fertilizer application and watering related to the test is considered, the cost of applying the continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent is increased by 150 yuan/mu compared with the cost of habitual fertilizer application, the total input cost is 109.4 yuan/mu, the net yield increase value is 6588.6 yuan/mu, and the input-output ratio is 1:59.3 (see table 5 for details).

Table 5 different treatment economic benefit analysis units: yuan/mu

4 demonstration conclusion

The continuous cropping resistant soil remediation agent produced by Henan province locomotive agricultural technology Limited company can reduce the volume weight of soil and has the function of loosening the soil; the development of apple root systems can be promoted, and the root systems are robust and have more capillary roots; the yield of the apples is increased by 965 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 31.7 percent, and the yield is increased to an extremely remarkable level; the color and luster of the apple, the size of the fruit, the commodity rate of the apple and the like are obviously superior to those of the control; the yield value is increased by 6598 yuan/mu, the net yield increase value is 6488.6 yuan/mu, and the input-output ratio is 1: 59.3. In a word, the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent produced by Henan province locomotive agricultural technology Limited has obvious effects on the aspects of reducing weight, increasing yield, improving quality, increasing efficiency, improving soil and the like of apples, and is recommended to be popularized and applied in a large scale.

Claims

1. A Bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15, characterized in that the taxonomic name of the Bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 is Bacillus subtilis (B.subtilis)Bacillus subtilis) And is preserved in Guangdong province microbial strain preservation center in 2019, 5.5.5.5.5.5 th floor with the address of No. 59 of Miehuo 100 in Guangzhou city, and the strain preservation number is GDMCC NO: 60653.

2. the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent prepared by using the bacillus subtilis antagonistic strain Z-15 of claim 1, wherein the anti-continuous cropping soil remediation agent is prepared from the following samples in parts by weight:

(1) active agent component: 4-6 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 4-6 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3-5 parts of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 3-5 parts of ethylene glycol; the fatty acid sucrose ester is generated by esterification reaction of sucrose and fatty acid at the temperature of 40-45 ℃; the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is prepared by using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst and performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on long-chain fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide under the condition of no water and no oxygen;

(4) carrier culture medium: 56-60 parts of a carrier culture medium containing crude fat; the carrier culture medium is a carrier culture medium containing crude fat, is a sesame cake fertilizer fermented and decomposed by using pure raw sesame cakes, and has the weight percentage of the crude fat of more than or equal to 5 percent, the weight percentage of organic matters of more than or equal to 50 percent, the weight percentage of water of less than or equal to 20 percent and the pH value of 5.5-8.5.

3. The anti-replant soil remediation agent of claim 2 wherein said anti-replant soil remediation agent is in solid form.