CN110217126A - A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway, traveling charging vehicle and charging method - Google Patents

A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway, traveling charging vehicle and charging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110217126A
CN110217126A CN201910444765.7A CN201910444765A CN110217126A CN 110217126 A CN110217126 A CN 110217126A CN 201910444765 A CN201910444765 A CN 201910444765A CN 110217126 A CN110217126 A CN 110217126A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
charging
energy storage
vehicle
storage group
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910444765.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
成志东
王天雷
钟东洲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuyi University
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Wuyi University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuyi University filed Critical Wuyi University
Priority to CN201910444765.7A priority Critical patent/CN110217126A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/089536 priority patent/WO2020237626A1/en
Publication of CN110217126A publication Critical patent/CN110217126A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of safety low-voltage charging highways, travel the vehicle and charging method of charging, wherein safety low-voltage charging highway includes the electrode plate of two pieces of low-voltages by direct-flow distribution system power supply, wherein, the design anticreep with rainy day of the electrode plate of low-voltage, the vehicle of traveling charging includes the charging wheel brush and two or more energy storage group of the corresponding electrode plate, electrode plate based on low-voltage, energy-storage units inside energy storage group realize charged in parallel and discharged in series by D.C. contactor, one energy storage group is remaining energy storage group access charging wheel brush while vehicle is powered, charging wheel brush takes electricity by contacting electrode plate, vehicle can automatically track the guide ribs on road, achieve the effect that charge while travelling, the present invention is based on above-mentioned charging highway and vehicles, it is solved using charging in many ways existing electronic The continuation of the journey of automobile is worried, for the scheme basis that provides of drive mode of lasting charging.

Description

A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway, traveling charging vehicle and charging method
Technical field
The present invention relates to new-energy automobile charging technique field, in particular to a kind of safety low-voltage charging highway, traveling The vehicle and charging method of charging.
Background technique
Currently, the charging modes of electric car are realized by stopping and accessing charging equipment, driver is needing to fill The charging pile or charging plug of finding nearby when electric, being stopped for Vehicular charging completion can just move on, this to fill Electric mode has many limitations, for example the charging station of some areas is insufficient, the charging time delays stroke, brings inconvenience. Certainly current also it has been proposed that some wireless charging schemes, but inevitably, under the conditions of existing equipment, wireless charging side The at high cost and charge efficiency of case is low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, provide a kind of safety low electricity The vehicle and charging method that pressure charging highway, traveling charge, can charge to vehicle in vehicle travel process, ensure that The continuation of the journey of electric car on the way, and cost is relatively low for integral device, and charging process is safer.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of safety low-voltage charging highway, including road surface, DC distribution system are provided System and two electrode plates as positive and negative anodes, the extending direction that the electrode plate is laid on the road surface and along the road surface sets Set, be provided with insulation filling block below the electrode plate and support, the electrode plate toward extraction wire under the road surface, conducting wire and The direct-flow distribution system connection, the voltage of the direct-flow distribution system are no more than human safety voltage.
Above-mentioned safety low-voltage charging highway at least has the advantages that is laid side by side anode and cathode on road surface Two electrode plates allow electric vehicle charging while travelling on road surface, change traditional that find charging pile, The mode of completion to be charged such as at charging pile, the continuation of the journey of electric vehicle are protected, additionally, due to the DC voltage of use It is highly-safe no more than human safety voltage, therefore during the work time.
A kind of safety low-voltage charges highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, further include central concrete structure and For the side bridge crane structure of wheels travel, the center concrete structure is arranged between two pieces of electrode plates, the side The two sides of two pieces of electrode plates are arranged in side bridge crane structure, and the side bridge crane structure is concrete and/or asphalt material.Two Spacing between electrode plate is no more than the shortest distance between two wheels of left and right vehicle wheel, and vehicle is not easy in the process of moving It is rolled by electrode plate, while central concrete structure also ensures that short circuit will not occur between two electrode plates.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, further includes for indicating road direction Guide ribs, the guide ribs are arranged in the central location of the central concrete structural surface and prolong along the road surface direction It stretches.The effect of guide ribs is that driver is reminded to keep travelling along road surface extending direction, and vehicle aligning electrodes plate is helped to charge.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, the electrode plate two sides are respectively set There is rhone, the rhone is connected to urban sewer system, and the cell wall of the rhone is covered with insulating materials.Corresponding rain Water weather, to prevent the electrode plate ponding on road surface from submerging, rhone helps that the water near electrode plate, the effect of insulating materials is discharged It is concrete surface and water segregation reducing electric leakage.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, further includes being for detecting rainy day The no detecting module for having vehicle to pass through and the on-off switch for being concatenated into the direct-flow distribution system, the detecting module setting exist The edge or surface on the road surface, the detecting module connect the on-off switch, and the detecting module is on non-rainy day It does not work under environment, the on-off switch is in normally off in the environment of non-rainy day.In view of the rainy day the case where Under, when even if without vehicle pass-through direct-flow distribution system can continued power, there are certain electric leakages for moist electrode plate, therefore Several detecting modules are added by roadway segment, power supply can be disconnected when the road section surface does not have vehicle pass-through, is further subtracted The generation leaked electricity less.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, the electrode plate includes plate, plate Eaves and wrap up in side, the plate eaves is arranged in the two sides of the plate and to the bottom angled of the rhone, described to wrap up in side setting and exist The bottom of the plate is simultaneously extended downwardly close to the side wall of the insulation filling block, and the side of wrapping up in is insulating materials.Plate eaves will be put down The water that plate flows down is dismantled, while being aided with that wrap up in side partially dried to electrode plate under holding plate eaves and concrete surface contact, is had Effect partition electric leakage.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, further includes for fixing the electrode The ruggedized construction of plate, the ruggedized construction connect the electrode plate and are embedded in the insulation filling block.In view of road surface uplink The complexity and uncertainty of vehicle stablize electrode plate by ruggedized construction, prevent the wheel when vehicle passes through from shifting electrode plate.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, the ruggedized construction includes several Reinforcing bar, the ruggedized construction fix the electrode plate by welding.The steel generally used in reinforcing bar and concrete herein Muscle is not attached to, and is also not attached between the reinforcing bar.
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention, further includes the ventilation for heat dissipation Pipe, the ventilation duct are arranged between the electrode plate and the insulation filling block.Ventilation duct is due to also having certain support Effect, therefore be supported using the higher material of intensity, the heat on electrode plate is transmitted to from barrel by ventilation duct, accelerates to dissipate Thermal velocity, it may also be necessary to cooperate cooling equipment etc..
A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway according to a first aspect of the present invention further includes the row for reinforcing draining Water system, the drainage system include reservoir and the spaced row of extending direction along safety low-voltage charging highway Water hole, several described drainage holes are communicated to the reservoir.Primarily to when high-grade storm warnings come into force, reinforced platoon Water effect, and such drainage system can also be aided with drainage equipment, such as water pumper.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of vehicle of traveling charging is provided, is suitable for DC charging including two Energy storage group, more than two charging wheel brushes for being set to vehicle bottom, the lifting device for controlling the charging wheel brush lifting, storage Can organize alternating apparatus and vehicle side control module, two energy storage groups by energy storage group alternating apparatus switching charged state and Discharge condition, and only one energy storage group of same time can be in charged state, the charging wheel brush in two energy storage groups The lifting device is connected, a part of charging wheel brush connects the anode of the energy storage group, the charging of another part Wheel brush connects the cathode of the energy storage group, and the lifting device and energy storage group alternating apparatus are separately connected the vehicle side control mould Block.
The vehicle of above-mentioned traveling charging at least has the advantages that vehicle interior using more than two energy storage groups in turn The mode of work keeps vehicle to continue a journey, and wherein at least one energy storage group is in discharge condition, another is in charged state, because This vehicle passes through energy storage group alternating apparatus in the process of moving and automatically switches energy storage group, and driver is without having to worry about due to not enough power supply Find charging pile charging.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the energy storage group includes several lithium batteries Unit, series contactor and parallel contactor, the lithium cells are composed in series the energy storage by the series contactor Group, the anode and cathode of each lithium cells are connected to the charging wheel brush by the parallel contactor respectively, The series contactor and parallel contactor are separately connected the vehicle side control module.Above-described embodiment is the first energy storage group Type, the unit of energy storage are lithium cells, and charged in parallel is used on charging modes, are put on discharge mode using series connection Electricity converts connection type by the working condition that series contactor and parallel contactor can correspond to energy storage group.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the quantity of the energy storage group are three groups, work Make the motor that lower first energy storage group of state puts electro-motive vehicle, energy storage group described in second group is full of stand-by, third group institute It states energy storage group and is in charged state., in vehicle travel process electricity consumption fast problem, setting one slow for lithium cells charging The energy storage group of redundancy, the energy storage group of redundancy is the electricity of present discharge energy storage group reaches lower limit but charging energy-storing group is not full of also In the case of, it works on instead of discharge energy-storage group and leaves enough charging time.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the energy storage group includes several lithium batteries Unit, series contactor and parallel contactor, the lithium cells are cascaded by the series contactor, further include Supercapacitor group and charging contactor, the supercapacitor group include more than one supercapacitive cell, each described super Grade capacitor cell is in parallel, and the two poles of the earth of the supercapacitor group pass through the charging contactor respectively and connect the charging wheel brush, The supercapacitor group is parallel to the lithium cells by the parallel contactor, and the series contactor simultaneously couples Tentaculum and charging contactor are separately connected the vehicle side control module.Above-described embodiment is second of energy storage set type, energy storage Unit a part be lithium cells, another part is supercapacitor group, quick charge is carried out by supercapacitor group, Recharging is to lithium cells again after supercapacitor group is full of, in the case of solving lithium cells plug-in, charging The charging time of slow-footed problem, supercapacitor group is short, is solved on safety low-voltage charging highway to a certain extent Problem brought by being powered for a long time.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention further includes conducting switch, and one described super The grade capacitor cell series connection one conducting switch, the conducting switch connect the vehicle side control module.Conducting switch Effect is, when multiple supercapacitive cells take electricity simultaneously, may carry out very big load to the external charging equipment belt of power supply, because This switchs selection a portion supercapacitive cell on demand using conducting and takes electricity, mitigates the power supply pressure of external charging equipment.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, further includes DC-DC conversion module, described DC-DC conversion module is connected in series between the supercapacitor group and the lithium cells.Due to the electricity of supercapacitive cell Drops are very fast, the charging voltage of lithium cells possibly can not be adapted to after a period of time of discharging, therefore convert using DC-DC The electricity of supercapacitive cell is used limiting value by module as far as possible, then supercapacitive cell is allowed to go to charge.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, further includes for detecting the super capacitor The capacitance voltage of the voltage value of unit checks module, and the capacitance voltage checks that module connects the parallel contactor.Capacitor electricity Pressure checks that module is capable of the voltage value of supercapacitive cell described in real-time detection, and DC-DC conversion module can be allowed according to current electric Pressure adjustment conversion ratio.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the energy storage group includes several super electricity Hold unit, series contactor and parallel contactor, the supercapacitive cell is composed in series described by the series contactor Energy storage group, the two poles of the earth of the supercapacitive cell pass through the parallel contactor respectively and are connected to the charging wheel brush.Above-mentioned reality Applying example is the third energy storage set type, and all supercapacitive cells of the unit of energy storage are equivalent to the first energy storage set type In lithium cells be substituted for supercapacitive cell, due to supercapacitive cell pressure drop quickly, every group of energy storage group energy The distance of enough supply vehicle travelings is not grown, and vehicle needs whole process by external charging equipment to travel under this mode, but vehicle Operation stability height, mitigates car body weight after removing lithium cells, vacate it is more it is interior take spaces, be a kind of particular field The application mode of scape.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the parallel contactor includes several use In the shunting contactless for shunting charging current, the shunting contactless is mutually in parallel.Electricity is taken due to the supercapacitive cell Electric current is very big, and the load of single line is larger, therefore mitigates heat condition using a plurality of lines in parallel, every line configuring one A shunting contactless, can as required on-off charging route.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the charging wheel brush including metal bristle, Roller group and fixed frame, the fixed frame installs the rolling plane of the roller group and the roller group and ground is put down Row, the metal bristle are fixed and attached to the energy storage group by the installation frame.The roller group is adapted to vehicle row The case where sailing can make the external charging equipment of the metal bristle ground proximity, and it is same that the metal bristle is equivalent to a plurality of route When take electricity, mitigate the heat condition of single line.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the lifting device include following described fill The sleeve of electricity wheel brush lifting, the return spring being arranged in the sleeve, are arranged in the clamping mechanism and use of the sleeve two sides In the traction electric machine for pulling the charging wheel brush, the open end of the sleeve, the return spring is arranged in the charging wheel brush One end is pressed on the charging wheel and paints, and the other end is pressed on vehicle bottom, and the traction electric machine passes through the sleeve with steel wire It is connected to the charging wheel to paint, the clamping mechanism locks the sleeve after the sleeve rises to designated position.It is non- The charging wheel brush is packed up by traction electric machine in charging time, when needing to charge, unclamps clamping mechanism, the charging wheel brush is It can decline under the action of the return spring and be pressed in external charging equipment.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the parallel contactor and series contactor Structure it is identical, including cam, push connecting rod, rod spring, spring retainer block, the first metal plate, the second metal plate and elasticity Contact, the top for pushing connecting rod are provided with the plate that compresses of the corresponding cam, and bottom end connects first metal plate, described Rod spring is socketed in the pushing connecting rod, one end of the rod spring be pressed on it is described compress on plate, the other end compresses On the spring retainer block, the cam is arranged in the top for compressing plate and is driven by a motor rotation, and the cam is past The pushing connecting rod is pushed to decline when lower rotation, so that first metal plate be made to decline, the elastic contact blade connection described the One metal plate and the top for being located at second metal plate, the elastic contact blade follow the first metal plate lifting to connect Or disconnect the connection of itself and second metal plate.The structure of existing contactor is more, but needs to consider in the present invention The problem of energization internal resistance, on-off speed and durability, can reduce mechanical labor using shuttle cam and elastic reset structure Damage degree, while contact can according to need and be designed to the lesser traveling of internal resistance.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, the parallel contactor and series contactor Structure it is identical, including swivel plate, contact brush, fixed contact wheel and the shaft for connecting stepper motor, the swivel plate it is outer Circle be conductive material, inner ring is non-conducting material, the shaft pass through the swivel plate inner ring, the fixed contact wheel it is exhausted Edge surface is arranged the segmental arc that useful conductive material is constituted, and contact wheel is parallel is arranged side by side for the swivel plate and fixation, described to connect Electric shock brush is arranged between the swivel plate and fixed contact wheel and is fixedly connected the outer ring of the swivel plate, the shaft driving Swivel plate rotation, to make the contact brush draw the motion path of arc on the fixed contact wheel, when described When contact brush turns to the segmental arc, the swivel plate and fixed contact wheel conducting.Make the contact brush by shaft Switch between conductive channel and non-conductive channel, high-speed switch may be implemented.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention further includes outer for auxiliary alignment when driving The vehicle bottom camera of portion's electrically-charging equipment, vehicle bottom camera are arranged in vehicle bottom, and vehicle bottom camera is connected to car Image system.In the process of moving, driver manually controls direction and is easy to deviate charge position, since charging wheel brush is at vehicle bottom Portion, driver by vehicle bottom camera can real-time adjustment direction, maintain charging process.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention further includes charging start-stop button, described to fill Electric start-stop button is arranged in vehicle to be operated for driver, and the charging start-stop button connects the vehicle side control module.It drives Charging can be operated in the person of sailing in the car, charges at any time as needed or terminates charging, more convenient without getting off.
The vehicle of a kind of traveling charging according to a second aspect of the present invention, further includes for detecting the energy storage group temperature The warming module of degree and vehicle side measure voltage &amp for detecting charged state, the warming module and vehicle side electricity Current voltage detection module is connected respectively to the vehicle side control module.Using the parameter in sensor detection charging process, make Vehicle side control module can timely respond to when must being abnormal, and avoid that accident occurs.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, a kind of charging system is provided, including the low electricity of safety as described in any of the above-described The vehicle of pressure charging highway and any of the above-described traveling charging, further includes traffic control center, the safety low-voltage fills Electric highway further includes roadside communication module and roadside control module, and the vehicle further includes vehicle side communication module, described Roadside communication module connects the roadside control module, and the roadside control module connects traffic control center, described Vehicle side communication module connects the roadside communication module.
Above-mentioned charging system at least has the advantages that the vehicle by safety low-voltage charging highway and traveling charging Automatic charging is realized in cooperation, changes the charge mode of that traditional plug-in of getting off, while using low pressure charge mode can be with The safety of charging is greatly improved, vehicle charges simultaneously in the process of moving, solve the problems, such as the continuation of the journey of electric vehicle, and The investment of the accessories such as safeguard procedures is reduced in equipment, cost is relatively low, promotes convenient for a wide range of.
A kind of charging system according to a third aspect of the present invention, the supply voltage of the electrode plate are 36V, the storage Voltage of the energy group under full state is 36V.36V is the maximum value within the scope of human safety voltage, also adapts to lithium battery etc. The operating voltage of energy-storage units.
A kind of charging system according to a third aspect of the present invention, the vehicle side communication module and the roadside are logical Believe and is connected to the network between module by 5G.Other communication accessories are additionally arranged on safety low-voltage charging highway can increase construction Cost is based on 5G technology of Internet of things, and safety low-voltage charging highway whole process can be completely covered, not only save cost, user's body It tests also very good.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, it provides a kind of using any of the above described safety low-voltage charging highway Roadside charging method, comprising the following steps:
Receive the charge request for entering the vehicle of charged area；
Judge the type of current vehicle and the type of energy storage group, estimates power consumption and charging time；
The traffic control center judges whether that permitting current vehicle access charges according to the power supply situation of Current Highway, if It is to carry out electric power resource allotment；
Access information is sent to the vehicle of request charging, the access information includes access license；
The settlement information or vehicle sent after receiving vehicle and terminating to charge is prescribed a time limit when reaching charging, the traffic tune The electricity charge are settled accounts according to settlement information or charging duration in control center, and the settlement information includes the quantity of energy storage group, numbers and work as Preceding electricity.
Above-mentioned roadside charging method at least has the advantages that monitoring enters the vehicle on road surface, when vehicle issues Electric power is distributed to meet charge requirement in the traffic control center when charge request, finally calculates the electricity charge, pipe according to charging result Reason personnel can carry out the electricity charge collect or other operation.
A kind of roadside charging method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, judges the type and energy storage of current vehicle Group type the following steps are included:
If current type of vehicle is heavy motor wagon, all super capacitor lists of unit of energy storage in the energy storage group Current vehicle is included in heavy-duty car control timetable by member, the traffic control center, and heavy-duty car manages timetable with phase It at a distance of 5 kilometers is access threshold value between adjacent two heavy-duty cars.
The charging current for being mainly in view of heavy-duty car is excessive, influences neighbouring power supply, it is therefore desirable to heavy vapour Vehicle is drained and is limited the charging time, and the distance between two vehicles cannot be below 5 kilometers, guarantee nearby vehicle power supply and Reduce the fever of electrode plate.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, a kind of vehicle of vehicle using any of the above traveling charging is provided Side charging method, comprising the following steps:
In the case where safety low-voltage charging highway, according to charge request, charge to traffic control center requests, and Current energy storage group information is sent, the energy storage group information includes the quantity, number and remaining capacity of energy storage group；
The access information that traffic control center returns is received, if the access information is to permit access, puts down charging wheel Brush starts to charge the electrode plate on its touch-safe low-voltage charging highway, and energy storage group alternating apparatus charges needs at least One energy storage group connection charging wheel brush, while remaining energy storage group electric discharge work is kept, if the access information is refusal Access, then give notice to car；
When energy storage group is full of or sails out of safety low-voltage charging highway, clearing letter is submitted at Xiang Suoshu traffic control center Breath, the settlement information includes the quantity, number and current electric quantity of energy storage group.
Above-mentioned vehicle side charging method at least has the advantages that vehicle accesses safety by the operation requests of driver Low-voltage charging highway, is distributed by traffic control center and is charged, vehicle is in the process of moving in turn by the energy storage group pair of underfill Charging wheel brush is connect, retains an energy storage group driving vehicle driving, has achieved the effect that travel while charging, solve The continuation of the journey problem of electric car.
A kind of vehicle side charging method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention has three according to the type of the energy storage group The different charge modes of kind:
Charge mode one: all lithium cells of the unit of energy storage in energy storage group, then charging method the following steps are included:
The energy storage group alternating apparatus selects the energy storage group of at least one underfill；
Lithium cells in selected energy storage group are connected in parallel by being connected in series to be transformed into；
Lithium cells in selected energy storage group are coupled in parallel to the charging wheel brush；
After current energy storage group is full of, the energy storage group of the energy storage group alternating apparatus selection underfill at this time charges；
When the energy storage group having been filled with discharges to driving motor, lithium cells are transformed into series connection by being connected in parallel；
Charge mode two, the unit of energy storage includes lithium cells and supercapacitor group, supercapacitor in energy storage group Including several supercapacitive cells in parallel in group, then charging method the following steps are included:
The energy storage group alternating apparatus selection supercapacitor group makes it be linked into the charging wheel brush；
After supercapacitor group is full of, supercapacitor group is switched to the lithium with underfill by the energy storage group alternating apparatus Battery units in parallel, supercapacitor group charge to lithium cells；
When supercapacitor group voltage drops to lower limit value, the energy storage group alternating apparatus selection supercapacitor group makes it It is linked into the charging wheel brush；
Charge mode three, all supercapacitor groups of unit of energy storage in energy storage group, if including in supercapacitor group A dry supercapacitive cell in parallel, then charging method the following steps are included:
The energy storage group alternating apparatus selects the supercapacitor group of a underfill；
Supercapacitive cell in selected supercapacitor group is connected in parallel by being connected in series to be transformed into；
Supercapacitive cell in selected supercapacitor group is coupled in parallel to the charging wheel brush；
After current super capacitor group is full of, the energy storage group alternating apparatus selects the supercapacitor of another underfill Group charges；
When the supercapacitor group having been filled with discharges to driving motor, supercapacitive cell is transformed into series connection by being connected in parallel Connection.
Wherein one charge mode three of charge mode is similar, is the working method of better simply multiple energy storage group rotations, For charge mode two actually using super capacitor group as charging intermediary, reduction takes the electric time, and charging wheel brush can be allowed not need to grow Time contacts electrode plate, reduces equipment loss.
A kind of vehicle side charging method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the charge mode three, the vehicle Energy storage group designed for changeable type, the vehicle will be made of when leaving safety low-voltage charging highway supercapacitive cell Energy storage group is replaced with the energy storage group being made of lithium cells.Based on the faster characteristic of supercapacitive cell pressure drop, using charging The vehicle of mode three needs to solve the problems, such as continuation of the journey after leaving safety low-voltage charging highway, using the design of replaceable headstock, It can the vehicle quick upper road after guaranteeing to leave safety low-voltage charging highway.
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, a kind of charging method using any of the above-described charging system is provided, The following steps are included:
The roadside control module at the beginning and end two of the safety low-voltage charging highway monitors the vehicle Disengaging, the motion path of the roadside control module monitoring road vehicles between beginning and end and current charging Situation；
The vehicle starts charging, the vehicle side communication module after the starting point of safety low-voltage charging highway The energy storage group information of charge request and itself is sent to the roadside communication module, the energy storage group information includes energy storage Quantity, number and the remaining capacity of group；
Roadside communication module described in the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin receives charge request in the traffic control；
The traffic control center judges the type of presently described vehicle and the type of the energy storage group, estimates power consumption And the charging time；
The traffic control center judges whether that permitting current vehicle access charges according to the power supply situation of Current Highway, if It is to carry out electric power resource allotment；
The traffic control center returns to access information, and the access information includes access license；
The vehicle receives the access information by the vehicle side communication module, if the access information is to permit connecing Enter, then the electrode plate that putting down the charging wheel brush contacts it on safety low-voltage charging highway starts to charge, if described Access information is refusal access, then gives notice to car；
The case where terminating charging includes that the energy storage group is full of and the vehicle sails out of safety low-voltage charging highway, The vehicle submits settlement information to the traffic control center at this time, and the settlement information includes the quantity of energy storage group, number And the electricity charge are settled accounts according to settlement information in current electric quantity, the traffic control center, terminating the case where charging further includes reaching charging The electricity charge are directly settled accounts according to charging duration in time limit, the traffic control center.
Above-mentioned charging method includes at least following the utility model has the advantages that the safety low-voltage charging highway provides low pressure charging base Plinth, the vehicle take electricity by two charging wheel brush docking electrode plates when driving on road surface, realize and go while charging It sails, solves the problems, such as the continuation of the journey of electric car.
A kind of charging method according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, if the controller on electrode plate, direct current are matched Electric system disconnects the power supply to electrode plate, and according to the delay time of setting, again to electrode plate after the delay time The size of current powered on simultaneously detecting electrode plate, if electric current, still above threshold value, direct-flow distribution system is issued to maintenance personnel Otherwise fault warning restores normal power supply.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples；
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of the safety low-voltage charging highway of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic view of the safety low-voltage charging highway of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the side view enlarged structure schematic diagram of the safety low-voltage charging highway of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the drainage hole and reservoir connection relationship diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the Vehicular charging working state schematic representation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the lifting device of the embodiment of the present invention and the structural schematic diagram of charging wheel brush；
Fig. 7 is the connection relationship diagram of the first energy storage group structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the connection relationship diagram a of second of energy storage group structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the connection relationship diagram b of second of energy storage group structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the connection relationship diagram of the third energy storage group structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 be the embodiment of the present invention the third energy storage group structure under parallel contactor structural schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is the annexation figure of the energy storage group alternating apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of structural schematic diagram a of the contactor of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is a kind of structural schematic diagram b of the contactor of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 15 is another structural schematic diagram a of the contactor of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 16 is another structural schematic diagram b of the contactor of the embodiment of the present invention；
The circuit connecting relation schematic diagram of Figure 17 embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 18 is the flow chart of the roadside charging method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 19 is the flow chart of the vehicle side charging method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 20 is the flow chart of the charging system charging method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 21 is the charging flow figure of the charge mode one of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 22 is the charging flow figure of the charge mode two of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 23 is the charging flow figure of the charge mode three of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
This part will be described in specific embodiments of the present invention, and the preferred embodiments of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, attached The effect of figure be with figure remark additionally book word segment description, enable a person to intuitively, visually understand of the invention Each technical characteristic and overall technical architecture, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention.
In description of the invention, unless otherwise restricted clearly, the words such as setting, installation, connection be shall be understood in a broad sense, institute Above-mentioned word in the present invention specific can rationally be determined with the particular content of combination technology scheme by belonging to technical field technical staff Meaning.
Referring to Fig.1-17, one embodiment of the present of invention is related to a kind of safety low-voltage charging highway and a kind of traveling is filled The vehicle of electricity, the basic structure of the two are as follows:
Safety low-voltage charging highway includes road surface 200, direct-flow distribution system 6 and two electrode plates as positive and negative anodes 100, electrode plate 100 is laid on road surface 200 and is arranged along the extending direction on road surface 200, is provided with insulation below electrode plate 100 Filling block 210 supports, and electrode plate 100 is connect toward the lower extraction wire in road surface 200, conducting wire with direct-flow distribution system 6, DC distribution The voltage of system 6 is no more than human safety voltage, uses DC voltage for 36V in the present embodiment；Travelling the vehicle to charge includes Two or more is suitable for the energy storage group 300 of DC charging, two or more is set to the charging wheel brush 400 of vehicle bottom, for controlling System charging wheel brush 400 lifting lifting device 500, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 and vehicle side control modules 5, energy storage group 300 by Energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 switches charged state and discharge condition, and only one energy storage group of same time in energy storage group 300 300 can be in discharge condition, 400 connection lifting device 500 of charging wheel brush, and a part of charging wheel brush 400 connects energy storage group 300 Anode, the cathode of the 400 connection energy storage groups 300 of charging wheel brush of another part, lifting device 500 and energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 are separately connected vehicle side control module 5.
Above-mentioned safety low-voltage charging highway and the vehicle of traveling charging combine, and further relate to a kind of charging system, fill Electric system further includes traffic control center 1, safety is low in addition to including safety low-voltage charging highway and travelling the vehicle of charging Voltage charging highway further includes roadside communication module 3 and roadside control module 2, and vehicle further includes vehicle side communication module 4, Roadside communication module 3 connects roadside control module 2, and roadside control module 2 connects traffic control center 1, and vehicle side is logical Believe that module 4 connects roadside communication module 3, in the present embodiment, communication connection mode is connected to the network using 5G.
Firstly, safety low-voltage charging highway further includes central concrete structure 220, for wheels travel referring to Fig. 2 Side bridge crane structure 230, rhone 250 and the ventilation duct 150 for heat dissipation, central concrete structure 220 are arranged in two blocks of electricity Between pole plate 100, the two sides of two electrode plates 100 are arranged in side bridge crane structure 230, and side bridge crane structure 230 is concrete And/or asphalt material, rhone 250 are separately positioned on 100 two sides of electrode plate, and central concrete structure 220 is made to form isolated island knot Structure, rhone 250 converge to urban sewer system, and ventilation duct 150 is arranged between electrode plate 100 and insulation filling block 210, Ventilation duct 150 is supported electrode plate 100 using the higher material of intensity, and ventilation duct 150 can be according to the width of electrode plate 100 It is arranged a plurality of, the heat on electrode plate 100 is transmitted to from barrel by ventilation duct 150, accelerates radiating rate, it may also be necessary to match Close cooling equipment etc.；In the present embodiment, the lateral dimension on road surface 200 has certain requirement, electrode plate 100 and insulation filling block 210 width is 25cm, and the width of central concrete structure 220 is 28cm, the rhone of central 220 two sides of concrete structure 250 width is 6cm, and the width of the rhone 250 on 230 side of side bridge crane structure is 5cm, the width of side bridge crane structure 230 At least 10cm, i.e. width between two 230 outer walls of side bridge crane structure are 120cm, with the left and right wheels of station wagon it Between the lateral shortest distance match for 120cm, certainly, specific to actual conditions, can suitably be widened according to 200 width of road surface Each plate in addition, the lateral shortest distance between the left and right wheels of the large cars such as lorry is greater than 120cm, but can not need The position of electrode plate 100 is adjusted, but allows charge and takes turns the position of the installation site adaptation electrode plate 100 of brush 400.
It is worth noting that, road surface 200 is transversely straight in the present embodiment, i.e., the level height of electrode plate 100 and center are mixed Xtah Crude Clay structure 220, the level height of side bridge crane structure 230 are consistent, correspondingly, the height of insulation filling block 210 is slightly lower.It is practical On under other embodiments, road surface 200 can not be straight and allow the protrusion or concave of electrode plate 100, but this knot Road surface 200 is divided multiple high low areas under structure, brings inconvenience for driving, and 200 structure of road surface is also easily damaged.
Referring to Fig. 2-3, in wherein some embodiments, electrode plate 100 is including plate 110, plate eaves 120 and wraps up in side 130, plate Eaves 120 is arranged in the two sides of plate 110 and to the bottom angled of rhone 250, wraps up in side 130 and the bottom of plate 110 is arranged in simultaneously Side wall close to insulation filling block 210 extends downwardly, and wrapping up in side 130 is insulating materials, and the cell wall of rhone 250 is covered with insulation material Material, the present embodiment are directed to outdoor rainwater weather and are laid out waterproof construction, and plate eaves 120 dismantles the water that plate 110 flows down, while wrapping up in side 130 and the insulating materials of 250 cell wall of rhone water can be prevented to be splashed on electrode plate 100 and concrete, keep electrode plate 100 What is contacted with concrete surface is partially dried, and effectively separates electric leakage.It is worth noting that, herein partition electric leakage not entirely without Leakage current, since the electric current on electrode plate 100 is larger, can permit a small amount of electric leakage, such as in practical work process Under 100 electric current of electrode plate of 1000A, leakage current 10A, system be can still work normally under such circumstances.It is worth note Meaning, plate eaves 120 exceed the edge of plate 110, of same size, the plate eaves of the width and insulation filling block 210 of plate 110 120 extend into rhone 250.
Referring to Fig.1, in wherein some embodiments, safety low-voltage charging highway further includes for indicating road direction Guide ribs 240, the central location on centrally disposed 220 surface of concrete structure of guide ribs 240 simultaneously extend along 200 direction of road surface. The width of guide ribs 240 is set as 15cm in the present embodiment, meets national standard path.
Referring to Fig.1 7, it further include the detection for detecting whether rainy day have vehicle to pass through in wherein some embodiments The road surface 200 is arranged in module 7 and the on-off switch 8 for being concatenated into the direct-flow distribution system 6, the detecting module 7 Edge or surface, the detecting module 7 connect the on-off switch 8, the detecting module 7 in the environment of non-rainy day not Work, the on-off switch 8 are in normally off in the environment of non-rainy day.In the present embodiment, if being distributed along road surface 200 Dry detecting module 7, so that every road section surface 200 is equipped with an on-off switch 8, when detecting module 7 by 200 sectional management of road surface When having detected that vehicle passes through, it is closed on-off switch 8 as needed, electrode plate 100 is allowed to power, vehicle leaves the road section surface 200 When, disconnect power supply；Primarily to the problem of preventing 6 continued power of direct-flow distribution system when rainy day and causing electric leakage, disconnect Electric leakage can be further decreased after on-off switch 8.Certainly, to guarantee 7 co-ordination of detecting module, detecting module 7 should also connect It is connected to roadside control module 2, when previous detecting module 7 detects vehicle, latter detecting module 7 should just prepare to start, thus The continuity for guaranteeing power supply, is not unfolded to be described in detail herein.
Referring to Fig. 3, in wherein some embodiments, safety low-voltage charging highway further includes for fixed plate electrode 100 Ruggedized construction 140, ruggedized construction 140 includes several reinforcing bars, the fixed plate electrode by welding of ruggedized construction 140 100, it is not attached between reinforcing bar.
Referring to Fig. 4, safety low-voltage charging highway further includes the drainage system for reinforcing draining, and drainage system includes storing Pond 270 and along safety low-voltage charging highway the spaced drainage hole 260 of extending direction, several drainage holes 260 connect Lead to reservoir 270.Drainage hole 260 is arranged according to equal spacing in the present embodiment, and spacing is set as 30 meters, drainage hole 260 Radius be 10cm, on the centrally disposed concrete structure 220 of drainage hole 260, converge to reservoir by modes such as pipelines 270, and reservoir 270 is arranged in roadside, periodically draws water.For certain sections, there are low-lying locations, and rain-proof can be set Canopy etc. reduces rainwater and enters.
Secondly, charging wheel brush 400 includes metal bristle 410, roller group 420 and fixed frame 430, fixed frame referring to Fig. 6 Frame 430 installs roller group 420 and the rolling plane of roller group 420 is parallel to the ground, and metal bristle 410 is solid by installation frame Determine and is connected to energy storage group 300.Lifting device 500 includes the sleeve 510 for following 400 lifting of charging wheel brush, is arranged in sleeve 510 The clamping mechanism 530 of 510 two sides of sleeve and the traction electric machine for pulling charging wheel brush 400 is arranged in interior return spring 520 540, the open end of sleeve 510 is arranged in charging wheel brush 400, and 520 one end of return spring is pressed on charging wheel brush 400, another End is pressed on vehicle bottom, and the steel wire of traction electric machine 540 passes through sleeve 510 and is connected on charging wheel brush 400, clamping mechanism 530 Sleeve 510 is locked after sleeve 510 rises to designated position.In the present embodiment, the section of fixed frame 430 is trapezoidal knot Structure, the nozzle of sleeve 510 is pressed on two trapezoidal bevel edges, when traction electric machine 540 pulls up fixed frame 430 It waits, fixed frame 430 jacks up sleeve 510 and 430 compression retracteding position spring 520 of fixed frame, when traction electric machine 540 broadcasts steel wire When, fixed frame 430 draws gravity and automatically falls off, while clamping mechanism 530 unlocks, and sleeve 510 also draws gravity and falls and prop up Support is on two bevel edges of fixed frame 430.The quantity of charging wheel brush 400 without limitation, but is arranged two at least to correspond to two Electrode plate 100 in order to guarantee that contact is good, can increase the quantity of charging wheel brush 400 certainly.The selection of clamping mechanism 530 It is more, such as the clamp of relay system, detent corresponding with clamp accordingly is set in the side wall of sleeve 510.
Referring to Fig. 7-11, different types of 300 structure of energy storage group there are three types of the vehicle tools of charging, corresponding three kinds of differences are travelled Charge mode:
The first 300 structure of energy storage group: referring to Fig. 7, energy storage group 300 includes several lithium cells 310, series connection contact Device 320 and parallel contactor 330, lithium cells 310 are composed in series energy storage group 300, each lithium electricity by series contactor 320 The anode and cathode of pool unit 310 are all connected to charging wheel brush 400,320 He of series contactor by parallel contactor 330 respectively Parallel contactor 330 is separately connected vehicle side control module 5.
The all lithium cells 310 of energy-storage units in the energy storage group 300 of this structure, on charging modes, selection The docking charging wheel of energy storage group 300 brush 400 of at least one underfill, docks the series connection in the energy storage group 300 of charging wheel brush 400 Tentaculum 320 disconnects and connects parallel contactor 330, and charging wheel brush 400 takes electricity from electrode plate 100, each to what is be connected in parallel A lithium cells 310 are carried out while being charged, and for driving the energy storage group 300 of vehicle driving, series contactor 320 is connected to, Parallel contactor 330 disconnects；After 300 charging complete of energy storage group currently charged, changed by 300 rotation mechanism of energy storage group next The access charging wheel of underfill energy storage group 300 brush 400.
Second of 300 structure of energy storage group: referring to Fig. 8-9, energy storage group 300 includes several lithium cells 310, series connection Tentaculum 320 and parallel contactor 330, lithium cells 310 are cascaded by series contactor 320, further include super electricity Container group 700 and charging contactor 720, supercapacitor group 700 includes more than one supercapacitive cell 710, each super Capacitor cell 710 is in parallel, and the two poles of the earth of supercapacitor group 700 pass through the connection charging wheel of charging contactor 720 brush 400 respectively, surpasses Grade capacitor group 700 is parallel to lithium cells 310, series contactor 320, parallel contactor 330 by parallel contactor 330 Vehicle side control module 5 is separately connected with charging contactor 720.
The energy storage group 300 of this structure is made of lithium cells 310 and supercapacitor group 700, supercapacitor group 700 are responsible for charging to lithium cells 310, the spy that the charging rate for being utilized supercapacitor group 700 is fast, charging current is big Property, can reduce vehicle charges the time of contact taken turns and brush 400 with electrode plate 100 in the process of moving, reduces working loss, super After capacitor group 700 takes electricity from electrode plate 100, it is parallel in the energy storage group 300 of one of underfill, while lithium cells 310 separated series contactor 320 connects parallel contactor 330, starts the charging for receiving supercapacitor group 700, due to The charging time of the characteristic of lithium cells 310, supercapacitor group 700 to 310 this process of lithium cells is greater than electricity Pole plate 100 arrives the charging time of supercapacitor group 700.
It is worth noting that, the structure of above-mentioned configuration is to configure a super capacitor for each lithium cells 310 Device group 700, but it is also possible to configure a supercapacitor group 700 for entire energy storage group 300, or for each lithium electricity Pool unit 310 configures a supercapacitive cell 710, but the charging time of this configuration method is with respect to the first energy storage group 300 The charging time of structure is also without too big shortening.
It further include conducting switch 730, DC- in wherein some embodiments in the case where second of 300 structure of energy storage group The capacitance voltage of DC conversion module 740 and the voltage value for detecting supercapacitive cell 710 checks module 750, and one super The one conducting switch 730 of series connection of capacitor cell 710, conducting switch 730 connect vehicle side control module 5, DC-DC conversion module 740 are connected in series between supercapacitor group 700 and lithium cells 310, and capacitance voltage checks that module 750 connects parallel contactor 330.It is the very fast problem of pressure drop that the present embodiment, which is mainly in view of the electric discharge of supercapacitive cell 710 in supercapacitor group 700, is surpassed The grade capacitor cell 710 voltage rapid decrease between two pole plates during discharge, so that without DC-DC modulus of conversion The stage for being difficult to be filled with lithium cells 310 electricity, therefore additional DC-DC conversion are reached in the case where block 740, in the short time Module 740 and by the voltage of 5 active detecting current super capacitor cell 710 of vehicle side control module, adjusts DC-DC conversion in real time The voltage conversion ratio example of module 740 utilizes the electricity in upper supercapacitive cell 710 as far as possible in single charge.As for leading Pass 730 is opened up, takes electric current larger due to supercapacitor group 700, very big burden is caused to route, therefore non-emergent In the case where charging, allows only to open part supercapacitive cell 710 and take electricity, electric current and fever on reduction electrode plate 100 subtract The route of small vehicle side generates heat.
The third 300 structure of energy storage group, referring to Fig.1 0, energy storage group 300 includes several supercapacitive cells 710, series connection Contactor 320 and parallel contactor 330, supercapacitive cell 710 are composed in series energy storage group 300 by series contactor 320, surpass The two poles of the earth of grade capacitor cell 710 pass through parallel contactor 330 respectively and are connected to charging wheel brush 400.
The unit of energy storage is all made of supercapacitive cell 710 in the energy storage group 300 of this structure, is equivalent to first Lithium battery in kind 300 structure of energy storage group all changes supercapacitive cell 710 into, since the electric discharge of supercapacitive cell 710 is special Property, the vehicle for being equipped with this energy storage group 300 needs to rely on the power supply of electrode plate 100, and vehicle cannot leave the traveling of electrode plate 100 It crosses for a long time, application value includes the scenes such as point-to-point shuttle vehicle.Its charging modes and the first structure energy storage group 300 It is similar, but the charging time is short, discharge time is also short, needs energy storage group alternating apparatus more than 600 times switchings, but uses this knot Structure takes electric current, for non-station wagon, takes electric current is actual to become smaller moment of electrode plate 100, quite In the burden for alleviating electrode plate 100, detailed vehicle application calculating be will be explained below.
Referring to Fig.1 1, in wherein some embodiments, if the parallel contactor 330 of the third 300 structure of energy storage group includes Dry is used to shunt the shunting contactless 331 of charging current, and shunting contactless 331 is mutually in parallel.Shunting contactless 331 connects vehicle Side control module 5 realizes on-demand opening and closing, and control charging current passes through how many routes, can mitigate line load.
300 structure of above-mentioned three kinds of energy storage groups includes various types of contactors, and contactor is actually the one kind switched, Contactor is broadly divided into D.C. contactor and A.C. contactor on the market now, the various types of contacts used in the present embodiment Device certainly D.C. contactor, but in D.C. contactor also include a variety of different ways of contact, by explanation in the present embodiment Two of them contactor construction:
3 and Figure 14 referring to Fig.1, the first contactor construction include cam 341, push connecting rod 342, rod spring 343, bullet Spring limited block 344, the first metal plate 345, the second metal plate 346 and elastic contact blade 347, the top for pushing connecting rod 342 are provided with Corresponding cam 341 compresses plate 348, and bottom end connects the first metal plate 345, and rod spring 343, which is socketed in, to be pushed in connecting rod 342, One end of rod spring 343, which is pressed on, to be compressed on plate 348, and the other end is pressed on spring retainer block 344, and the setting of cam 341 exists It compresses the top of plate 348 and is driven by a motor rotation, push pushing connecting rod 342 and decline when cam 341 rotates down, to make the The decline of one metal plate 345, elastic contact blade 347 connect the first metal plate 345 and are located at the top of the second metal plate 346, elasticity touching Piece 347 follows the lifting of the first metal plate 345 to be switched on or switched off the connection of itself and the second metal plate 346.Preferably, in order to Cam 341 can be securely fixed in two positions up and down, pin hole be arranged on cam 341, upper and lower two positions are set respectively Mobilizable pin is set, when cam 341 moves to corresponding position, pin penetrates pin hole to fixed cam 341.
5 and Figure 16 referring to Fig.1, second of contactor construction include swivel plate 351, contact brush 352, fixed contact wheel 353 and it is connected with the shaft 354 of stepper motor, the outer ring of swivel plate 351 is conductive material, and inner ring is non-conducting material, shaft 354 pass through the inner ring of swivel plate 351, and the segmental arc that useful conductive material is constituted is arranged in the insulating surface of fixed contact wheel 353 355, swivel plate 351 is parallel with fixed contact wheel 353 to be arranged side by side, and the setting of contact brush 352 is in swivel plate 351 and fixed contact The outer ring of swivel plate 351 is taken turns between 353 and is fixedly connected, shaft 354 drives the rotation of swivel plate 351 to make contact brush 352 solid Determine the motion path that arc is drawn on contact wheel 353, when contact brush 352 turns to segmental arc 355, swivel plate 351 and solid Determine the conducting of contact wheel 353.
It selects to need to consider the problems of energization internal resistance, on-off speed and durability, the first contactor when contactor Structure can reduce mechanical strain degree using shuttle cam 341 and elastic reset structure, while contact can be according to need It is designed to the lesser traveling of internal resistance, second of contactor construction makes contact brush 352 in conductive channel and non-by shaft 354 Switch between conductive channel, high-speed switch may be implemented.
It should be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can also be using direct current common on the market in addition to the contactor of above structure Contactor, such as the contactor of relay system, also, other than series contactor 320 and parallel contactor 330, such as conducting switch 730, shunting contactless 331, on-off switch 8 etc. can also select above-mentioned contactor construction, and those skilled in the art can be according to reality Border test case selects suitable mechanism.
It further include the vehicle bottom for assisting alignment external charging facility when driving in wherein some embodiments referring to Fig. 5 Camera 800, vehicle bottom camera 800 are arranged in vehicle bottom, and vehicle bottom camera 800 is connected to in-vehicle image system.Vehicle bottom is taken the photograph As first 800 effect be facilitate driver be aligned vehicle bottom electrode plate 100, certainly for automatic driving vehicle, vehicle bottom camera It is as the accessory for automatically controlling alignment guidance item 240 in 800 more situations；It is mating one to be carried out to lifting device 500 Fixed change can finely tune left and right automatically, automatically track the position of electrode plate 100.Specifically, by vehicle bottom camera 800, which can permit vehicle, is arranged two kinds of tracing modes, and one is the mode that automatically tracks, vehicle bottom camera 800 is real to guide ribs 240 Existing image recognition, links with Vehicular automatic driving system, realizes fine tuning headstock automatic fine tuning, automatically tracks guide ribs 240, simultaneously Automated driving system can provide multi gear position constant speed cruise mode to match automatic tracking function；Another kind is pilot steering mould Formula, vehicle bottom camera 800 are realized image recognition to guide ribs 240, are compared with the base position of guide ribs 240, report in real time The offset of current headstock is accused, driver is reminded to carry out adjustment in direction.
Referring to Fig.1 7, it further include charging start-stop button 900 in wherein some embodiments, charging start-stop button 900 is arranged It is operated in vehicle for driver, charging start-stop button 900 connects vehicle side control module 5.Interior driver can directly be controlled Whether system charging.
Referring to Fig.1 7, it further include 10 He of warming module for detecting 300 temperature of energy storage group in wherein some embodiments For detecting the vehicle side measure voltage &amp 11 of charged state, warming module 10 and vehicle side measure voltage &amp 11 are connected respectively to vehicle side control module 5.The temperature of the usually corresponding lithium cells 310 of warming module 10, can also correspond to The temperature of route is measured, the corresponding charging circuit of vehicle side measure voltage &amp 11 measures the voltage and current of charging circuit； When the measured value of warming module 10 and vehicle side measure voltage &amp 11 is more than threshold value, vehicle side control module 5 will be to different Reason condition is for further processing.
Referring to Fig.1 8, one embodiment of the present of invention is related to a kind of roadside using above-mentioned safety low-voltage charging highway Charging method, comprising the following steps:
S101 receives the charge request for entering the vehicle of charged area；
S102 judges the type of current vehicle and the type of energy storage group 300, estimates power consumption and charging time；
S103, traffic control center 1 judge whether that permitting current vehicle access charges according to the power supply situation of Current Highway, If then carrying out electric power resource allotment；
S104 sends access information to the vehicle of request charging, and access information includes access license；
S105, the settlement information or vehicle sent after receiving vehicle and terminating to charge are prescribed a time limit when reaching charging, traffic The electricity charge are settled accounts according to settlement information or charging duration in regulation center 1, settlement information include the quantity of energy storage group 300, number and Current electric quantity.
Referring to Fig.1 9, the vehicle side that one embodiment of the present of invention is related to a kind of vehicle using the charging of above-mentioned traveling charges Method, comprising the following steps:
S201, according to charge request, is requested in the case where safety low-voltage charging highway to traffic control center 1 Charging, and current 300 information of energy storage group is sent, 300 information of energy storage group includes quantity, number and the residue electricity of energy storage group 300 Amount；
S202 receives the access information that traffic control center 1 returns, if access information is to permit access, puts down charging Wheel brush 400 starts to charge the electrode plate 100 on its touch-safe low-voltage charging highway, and energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 need to The one of energy storage group 300 to be charged connection charging wheel brush 400, while the electric discharge work of another energy storage group 300 is kept, if connecing Enter information for refusal access, then gives notice to car；
S203, when energy storage group 300 is full of or sails out of safety low-voltage charging highway, to the submission of traffic control center 1 knot Information is calculated, settlement information includes the quantity, number and current electric quantity of energy storage group 300.
Referring to Figure 20, one embodiment of the present of invention is related to a kind of charging method using above-mentioned charging system, including with Lower step:
S301, safety low-voltage charge highway beginning and end two at roadside control module 2 monitor vehicle into Out, the roadside control module 2 between beginning and end monitors the motion path and current charging situation of 200 vehicle of road surface；
S302, vehicle start charging after the starting point of safety low-voltage charging highway, and vehicle side communication module 4 is to highway Side communication module 3 sends 300 information of energy storage group of charge request and itself, and 300 information of energy storage group includes the number of energy storage group 300 Amount, number and remaining capacity；
S303, traffic control center 1 receive charge request through roadside communication module 3；
Traffic control center 1 judges the type of current vehicle and the type of energy storage group 300, when estimating power consumption and charging Between；
S304, traffic control center 1 judge whether that permitting current vehicle access charges according to the power supply situation of Current Highway, If then carrying out electric power resource allotment；
S305, traffic control center 1 return to access information, and access information includes access license；
S306, vehicle receive access information by vehicle side communication module 4, if access information is to permit access, put down Charging wheel brush 400 starts to charge the electrode plate 100 on its touch-safe low-voltage charging highway, if access information is that refusal connects Enter, then gives notice to car；
S307, terminating the case where charging includes energy storage group 300 full of safety low-voltage charging highway is sailed out of with vehicle, at this time Vehicle submits settlement information to traffic control center 1, and settlement information includes the quantity, number and current electric quantity of energy storage group 300, hands over The case where logical regulation center 1 settles accounts the electricity charge, terminate charging according to settlement information further includes reaching charging time limit, traffic control center 1 directly settles accounts the electricity charge according to charging duration.
In wherein some embodiments, if the controller on electrode plate 100, direct-flow distribution system 6 is disconnected to electricity The power supply of pole plate 100, and according to the delay time of setting, it powers and examines to electrode plate 100 again after the delay time The size of current on electrode plate 100 is surveyed, if electric current, still above threshold value, direct-flow distribution system issues failure police to maintenance personnel Otherwise report restores normal power supply.
Below from the type for travelling energy storage group 300 in the vehicle to charge, tells about how to match in practical applications in detail Set energy storage group 300 and charging scheme.
Under the first 300 structure of energy storage group, to calculate power demand using the case where three groups of energy storage groups 300:
First against station wagon, the i.e. other automobile of electric passenger vehicle grade, seating capacity is less than or equal to 9 people, each lithium Capacity after battery unit 310 is full of is 0.8kWh, and voltage 36V, each energy storage group 300 includes 10 lithium cells 310, Total capacity is 8kWh, and series connection output voltage is 360V, it is assumed that power is 16kW, i.e. power consumption under 80 kilometers of constant speed of station wagon are cruised Power is 16kW；Assuming that electrode plate 100 is 50A to the supply current of single lithium cells 310, the lithium electricity in energy storage group 300 When 310 charged in parallel of pool unit, the charge power of single lithium cells 310 is 36V*50A=1.8kWh, then single energy storage group 300 charge power is 18kW, greater than above-mentioned power consumption 16kW, shows the storage in parallel for 10 lithium cells 310 300 can be organized, the charge requirement of a station wagon can be met on electrode plate 100 using the charging current of 50A*10=500A, often Fully charged time about 26 minutes of a energy storage group 300 only use at this time and fill one to one and put 300,80 kilometers of two energy storage groups The energy storage group 300 of switching in about 30 minutes under constant speed cruise, setting third group energy storage group 300 can increase redundancy；In addition, answering For the charging current of 500A in, 400 access electrode plate 100 of at least four charging wheel brush should be divided into.
Secondly it is directed to middle bus, i.e. seating capacity is greater than 9 people and less than the automobile of 20 people's ranks, each lithium cells 310 be full of after capacity be 2.4kWh, voltage 36V, each energy storage group 300 includes 17 lithium cells 310, and total capacity is 40.8kWh, series connection output voltage are 600V36V*17=612V ≈ 600V, it is assumed that power under 80 kilometers of constant speed of middle bus are cruised For 160kW, i.e. power consumption is 160kW；Assuming that electrode plate 100 is 150A to the supply current of single lithium cells 310, In energy storage group 300 when 310 charged in parallel of lithium cells, the charge power of single lithium cells 310 is 36V*150A= 5.4kWh, then the charge power of single energy storage group 300 is 91.8kW, when being charged simultaneously using 2 groups of energy storage groups 300,91.8*2 =183.6kW is greater than above-mentioned power consumption 160kW, shows the lithium battery list in parallel for 17 of an energy storage group 300 Member 310, the charging current on electrode plate 100 using 150A*17*2=5100A can meet the charge requirement of a middle bus, Fully charged time about 27 minutes of each energy storage group 300 must be used at this time under three groups of energy storage groups, 300,80 kilometers of constant speed cruises The energy storage group 300 of switching in about 15 minutes.
It is finally directed to heavy-duty car, i.e. seating capacity is more than or equal to the bus of 20 people or loads the truck etc. of cargo, each Capacity after lithium cells 310 are full of is 3kWh, and voltage 36V, each energy storage group 300 includes 17 lithium cells 310, Total capacity is 51kWh, and series connection output voltage is 600V, it is assumed that power is 200kW under 60 kilometers of constant speed of heavy-duty car are cruised, that is, is consumed Electrical power is 200kW, it is assumed that electrode plate 100 is 170A to the supply current of single lithium cells 310, in energy storage group 300 When 310 charged in parallel of lithium cells, the charge power of single lithium cells 310 is 36V*170A ≈ 6kWh, then single storage The charge power that 300 can be organized is 102kW, and when being charged simultaneously using 2 groups of energy storage groups 300,102*2=204kW is greater than above-mentioned Power consumption 200kW, show 17 for an energy storage group 300 lithium cells 310 in parallel, adopted on electrode plate 100 The charge requirement of a heavy-duty car can be met with the charging current of 170A*17*2=5780A, each energy storage group 300 is fully charged Time about 25 minutes, the energy storage of switching in about 15 minutes under three groups of energy storage groups, 300,60 kilometers of constant speed cruises must be used at this time Group 300.
Referring to Figure 21, the first corresponding above-mentioned 300 structure of energy storage group has charge mode one, the charging side of vehicle side Method the following steps are included:
S401, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 select the energy storage group 300 of at least one underfill；
S402, the lithium cells 310 in selected energy storage group 300 are transformed by series connection to be connected in parallel；
S403, the lithium cells 310 in selected energy storage group 300 are coupled in parallel to charging wheel brush 400；
S404, after current energy storage group 300 is full of, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 selects the energy storage group 300 of another underfill It charges；
S405, when the energy storage group 300 having been filled with discharges to driving motor, lithium cells 310 are transformed by being connected in parallel It is connected in series.
Under second of 300 structure of energy storage group, the case where with using three groups of energy storage groups 300 and two supercapacitor groups 700 Power demand is calculated, by above-mentioned charge mode one it is found that requirement highest of the heavy-duty car to energy storage group 300, in order to avoid repeating Simple numerical procedure is calculated only for the more complex heavy-duty car of situation below.
According to above-mentioned charging structure, the capacity after each lithium cells 310 are full of is 3kWh, voltage 36V, each storage It includes 17 lithium cells 310 that 300, which can be organized, and total capacity 51kWh, series connection output voltage is 600V, supercapacitive cell 710 It is in parallel by 17 supercapacitive cells 710 in each supercapacitor group 700, it is assumed that electrode plate using 3400 farads of 36V specifications The supply current of 100 pairs of single supercapacitive cells 710 is 1000A, and supercapacitive cell 710 about 1 minute of 3400 farads is filled Completely, when therefore 17 supercapacitive cells 710 access the charging of electrode plate 100 simultaneously, the charging function of single supercapacitive cell 710 Rate is 36V*1000A=36kWh, is actually but had a problem that, power supply electricity of the power supply board to single supercapacitor group 700 Flow through big, reach 17000A, thus cannot 17 supercapacitive cells 710 access electrode plate 100 simultaneously.It is changed to using such as lower section Formula:
Using 1700 farads of 36V supercapacitive cell 710, filling time surpassed less than 30 seconds under 1000A charging current Several supercapacitive cells 710 are together in parallel by grade capacitor group 700, due to each supercapacitive cell 710 series connection one A conducting switch 730, the conducting switch 730 that vehicle side control module 5 controls in supercapacitor group 700 are connected and close in turn It closes, thus only one supercapacitive cell 710 for making same time access electrode plate 100 charge keeps the confession of electrode plate 100 Electric current is 1000A, after whole supercapacitive cells 710 in supercapacitor group 700 are filled with, is closed charging contactor 720 and all turn on switch 730, whole supercapacitive cells 710 are in parallel to charge to single lithium cells 310, charging current Control is 170A, similar with above-mentioned charge mode one.Under this way to take power, high current is avoided to caused by electrode plate 100 Burden, while 1700 farads of low capacity supercapacitive cell 710 is also used, reduce filling for single supercapacitive cell 710 The electric time reduces heat localization to guarantee safety.
The specific charging time of supercapacitor group 700 determines according to the number of supercapacitive cell 710 in parallel, herein It does not calculate, is estimated according to the above-mentioned charging time less than 30 seconds, such as 17 supercapacitive cells 710 are in parallel, then super capacitor The charging time of device group 700 was less than 9 minutes, and supercapacitor group 700 then maintains the charging time of lithium cells 310 The calculating of charge mode one is stated, therefore according to the actual situation, the supercapacitor group 700 of different number can be set, such as 17 super Corresponding every group of 17 lithium cells 310 of grade capacitor group 700.
On the other hand, following charging modes can also be derived, in energy storage group 300 one in 17 lithium cells 310 It is tapped into the charging of electrode plate 100, another part docks supercapacitor group 700 and charges, and can thus mitigate super capacitor list The charging pressure of member 710, is not developed in details herein.
Referring to Figure 22, corresponding above-mentioned second of energy storage group, 300 structure has charge mode two, the charging side of vehicle side Method the following steps are included:
S501, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 select supercapacitor group 700 that it is made to be linked into charging wheel brush 400；
S502, after supercapacitor group 700 is full of, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 by supercapacitor group 700 be switched to The lithium cells 310 of underfill are in parallel, and supercapacitor group 700 charges to lithium cells 310；
S503, when 700 voltage of supercapacitor group drops to lower limit value, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 selects super capacitor Device group 700 makes it be linked into charging wheel brush 400.
Under the third 300 structure of energy storage group, to calculate power demand using the case where three groups of supercapacitor groups 700:
First against station wagon, power is 16kWh under 80 kilometers of constant speed are cruised, and is converted into units of joules and is equivalent to 60MJ, the fully charged voltage of supercapacitive cell 710 are 36V, and the suspension voltage of electric discharge is 26V, and discharge rate is 10V/36V ≈ 28%, it is assumed that the releasable energy of each 710 impulse discharge of supercapacitive cell is 0.5MJ, according to the energy storage formula of capacitor It is found that supercapacitive cell 710 is 1700 farads, it include 10 supercapacitive cells 710 in one group of supercapacitor group 700, Series connection output voltage is 360V, i.e., one group of supercapacitor group 700 is total to releasable energy 5MJ, it is possible thereby to one group of super capacitor Device group 700 was for station wagon traveling 5 minutes, according to above-mentioned condition, the current limliting for 0.01 Ω that connects in supercapacitor group 700 Resistance, taking electric current is 36V-26V/0.01 Ω=1000A, and the charge constant of supercapacitive cell 710 is T=RC at this time =0.01*1700 farads=17 seconds, and electricity is once taken only to fill a supercapacitive cell 710, it is now filled with a super electricity Container group 700 needs 170 seconds altogether, the discharge time less than 5 minutes, only uses at this time and fills one to one and put two energy storage groups 300, The energy storage group 300 of switching in about 5 minutes under 80 kilometers of constant speed cruises, setting third group energy storage group 300 can increase redundancy.
The calculation method of middle bus is similar with station wagon, and this will not be detailed here, constant speed cruising power reference charge mould Formula one.
It is finally directed to heavy-duty car, power is 160kWh under 60 kilometers of constant speed are cruised, and is converted into units of joules and is equivalent to 600MJ, the fully charged voltage of supercapacitive cell 710 are 36V, and the suspension voltage of electric discharge is 26V, and discharge rate is 10V/36V ≈ 28%, it is assumed that the releasable energy of each 710 impulse discharge of supercapacitive cell is 0.5MJ, according to the energy storage formula of capacitor It is found that supercapacitive cell 710 is 1700 farads, it include 17 supercapacitive cells 710 in one group of supercapacitor group 700, Series connection output voltage is 612V, i.e., one group of supercapacitor group 700 is total to releasable energy 8.5MJ, it is possible thereby to one group of super electricity Container group 700 was for heavy-duty car traveling 51 seconds, according to above-mentioned condition, the limit for 0.007 Ω that connects in supercapacitor group 700 Leakage resistance, taking electric current is 36V-26V/0.007 Ω ≈ 1500A, and the charge constant of supercapacitive cell 710 is T at this time =RC=0.007*1700 farads=11.9 seconds, and electricity is once taken only to fill a supercapacitive cell 710, it is now filled with one Supercapacitor group 700 needs 202.3 seconds altogether, it is clear that is still far longer than 50 seconds discharge times, therefore heavy-duty car is needed Change charging strategy, 17 supercapacitive cells 710 are divided for 3 groups, Qian Liang group includes 6 supercapacitive cells 710, third group includes 5 supercapacitive cells 710, and the supercapacitive cell 710 in group accesses electrode plate at the same time 100, electrode plate 100 is accessed as unit of group at this time, the maximum supply current of electrode plate 100 is 6*1500A=9000A, quite In direct-flow distribution system 6 moment maximum output power be 9000A*36V=324kWh, therefore be directed to this supercapacitor group The heavy-duty car of 700 structures, traffic control center 1 need to carry out heavy-duty car stringent vehicle density management, keep front and back The spacing of two heavy-duty cars, such as 5 kilometers, so that direct-flow distribution system 6 be avoided to overload.At this point, single supercapacitor group 700 It needs be full of within ≈ 36 seconds 3*11.9 seconds, only uses at this time and fill one to one and put two supercapacitor groups, 700,60 kilometers of constant speed It cruises the energy storage group 300 of switching in lower 51 seconds, setting third group supercapacitor group 700 can increase redundancy.
Practical above-mentioned calculated result also has a margin, and it is one that the configuration mode of group, which is readily modified as 3 supercapacitive cells 710, Group is divided into 6 groups, then taking electric current is 4500A, and the charging time of a supercapacitor group 700 is 6*12=72 seconds, It needs to use third group supercapacitor group 700 and rotates power supply together.Certainly according to vehicle side main control module adjust automatically group The number of interior supercapacitive cell 710 is also possible, according to the 200 condition information adjust automatically of road surface at traffic control center 1 , it is not described in detail one by one herein.
For the charging current of above-mentioned 9000A, its heating power is calculated, it is assumed that cable length is 50 meters, every 1500A electric current Copper cable cross-sectional area be 185 square millimeters, in conjunction with copper resistivity and be about 7.8*10 according to resistance formula resistance-10 Ohm, heating power is about 2 watts, and heating power is low, and cooling requirements are not high.
Referring to Figure 23, the third corresponding above-mentioned 300 structure of energy storage group has charge mode three, the charging side of vehicle side Method the following steps are included:
S601, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 select the supercapacitor group 700 of a underfill；
S602, supercapacitive cell 710 in selected supercapacitor group 700 by series connection be transformed into it is in parallel even It connects；
S603, the supercapacitive cell 710 in selected supercapacitor group 700 are coupled in parallel to charging wheel brush 400；
S604, after current super capacitor group 700 is full of, energy storage group alternating apparatus 600 selects the super of another underfill Grade capacitor group 700 charges；
S605, when the supercapacitor group 700 having been filled with discharges to driving motor, supercapacitive cell 710 is connected by parallel connection It connects and is transformed into series connection.
It, cannot be for a long time far from electrode plate 100, its application value although three heavy dependence electrode plate 100 of charge mode Have several points, first is that the electric bus in city, it is site-to-site between continuous laying electrode plate 100 take electric bus always Electricity traveling, therefore have a good adaptability to charge mode three, electric bus future may develop into pipeline bus, in pipe only Allow bus to run, shields external disturbance, therefore be applied equally to charge mode three；Second is that point-to-point on highway Electronic logistics truck, needs replacing 300 type of energy storage group inside and outside high speed website, the fastlink between high speed website, using filling 300 structure of energy storage group of power mode three, to high speed website after replace headstock, change the energy storage group of 310 mode of lithium cells into 300, allow cargo to continue to walk common road.
The safety low-voltage charging highway that the embodiment of the present invention is powered based on low tension pole plate 100 be suitable for it is low in safety The vehicle that charging is travelled on voltage charging highway, worries using the continuation of the journey that charging in many ways solves existing electric car, is The scheme basis that the drive mode persistently to charge provides.
The embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, Technical field those of ordinary skill within the scope of knowledge, can also make each without departing from the purpose of the present invention Kind variation.

Claims (10)

  1. The highway 1. a kind of safety low-voltage charges, it is characterised in that: including road surface, direct-flow distribution system and as the two of positive and negative anodes Electrode plate, the electrode plate is laid on the road surface and is arranged along the extending direction on the road surface, below the electrode plate It is provided with insulation filling block to support, the electrode plate is toward extraction wire under the road surface, conducting wire and the direct-flow distribution system The voltage of connection, the direct-flow distribution system is no more than human safety voltage.
  2. The highway 2. a kind of safety low-voltage according to claim 1 charges, it is characterised in that: the electrode plate two sides difference It is provided with rhone, the rhone is connected to urban sewer system, and the cell wall of the rhone is covered with insulating materials, institute It states electrode plate to include plate, plate eaves and wrap up in side, the plate eaves is arranged in the two sides of the plate and to the bottom of the rhone Inclination, the side of wrapping up in is arranged in the bottom of the plate and extends downwardly close to the side wall of the insulation filling block, described to wrap up in side For insulating materials.
  3. 3. a kind of vehicle of traveling charging, it is characterised in that: including more than two energy storage groups for being suitable for DC charging, two with On be set to vehicle bottom charging wheel brush, for control it is described charging wheel brush lifting lifting device, energy storage group alternating apparatus With vehicle side control module, the energy storage group switches charged state and discharge condition by the energy storage group alternating apparatus, and described Only one energy storage group of same time can be in charged state in energy storage group, and the charging wheel, which is brushed, connects the lifting device, and one The partial charging wheel brush connects the anode of the energy storage group, and the charging wheel brush of another part connects the energy storage group Cathode, the lifting device and energy storage group alternating apparatus are separately connected the vehicle side control module.
  4. 4. a kind of vehicle of traveling charging according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the energy storage group includes several lithiums Battery unit, series contactor and parallel contactor, the lithium cells are composed in series described by the series contactor Energy storage group, the anode and cathode of each lithium cells are connected to the charging by the parallel contactor respectively and take turns Brush, the series contactor and parallel contactor are separately connected the vehicle side control module.
  5. 5. a kind of vehicle of traveling charging according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the energy storage group includes several lithiums Battery unit, series contactor and parallel contactor, the lithium cells are cascaded by the series contactor, also Including supercapacitor group and charging contactor, the supercapacitor group includes more than one supercapacitive cell, Ge Gesuo Supercapacitive cell parallel connection is stated, the two poles of the earth of the supercapacitor group pass through the charging contactor respectively and connect the charging wheel Brush, the supercapacitor group are parallel to the lithium cells, the series contactor, parallel connection by the parallel contactor Contactor and charging contactor are separately connected the vehicle side control module.
  6. 6. a kind of vehicle of traveling charging according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the energy storage group includes that several are super Grade capacitor cell, series contactor and parallel contactor, the supercapacitive cell are composed in series by the series contactor The energy storage group, the two poles of the earth of the supercapacitive cell pass through the parallel contactor respectively and are connected to the charging wheel brush.
  7. 7. a kind of charging system, it is characterised in that: including safety low-voltage as claimed in claim 1 or 2 charging highway and such as The vehicle of any traveling charging of claim 3-6, further includes traffic control center, the safety low-voltage charging highway It further include roadside communication module and roadside control module, the vehicle further includes vehicle side communication module, the roadside Communication module connects the roadside control module, and the roadside control module connects traffic control center, the vehicle side Communication module connects the roadside communication module.
  8. 8. a kind of using a kind of roadside charging method of safety low-voltage charging highway of any of claims 1 or 2, feature Be the following steps are included:
    Receive the charge request for entering the vehicle of charged area；
    Judge the type of current vehicle and the type of energy storage group, estimates power consumption and charging time；
    The traffic control center judges whether to permit current vehicle access charging according to the power supply situation of Current Highway, if then Carry out electric power resource allotment；
    Access information is sent to the vehicle of request charging, the access information includes access license；
    The settlement information or vehicle sent after receiving vehicle and terminating to charge is prescribed a time limit when reaching charging, in the traffic control The heart settles accounts the electricity charge according to settlement information or charging duration, and the settlement information includes the quantity, number and current electricity of energy storage group Amount.
  9. 9. a kind of vehicle side charging method of the vehicle using a kind of any traveling charging of claim 3-6, feature Be the following steps are included:
    In the case where safety low-voltage charging highway, according to charge request, charge to traffic control center requests, and send Current energy storage group information, the energy storage group information include the quantity, number and remaining capacity of energy storage group；
    The access information that traffic control center returns is received, if the access information is to permit access, putting down charging wheel brush makes Its touch-safe low-voltage charging highway on electrode plate start to charge, energy storage group alternating apparatus by need charge at least one Energy storage group connection charging wheel brush, while remaining energy storage group electric discharge work is kept, if the access information is refusal access, Then give notice to car；
    When energy storage group is full of or sails out of safety low-voltage charging highway, settlement information, institute are submitted in Xiang Suoshu traffic control center State the quantity, number and current electric quantity that settlement information includes energy storage group.
  10. 10. a kind of using a kind of charging method of charging system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
    The roadside control module at the beginning and end two of the safety low-voltage charging highway monitors the vehicle It passes in and out, the motion path of the roadside control module monitoring road vehicles between beginning and end and current charging feelings Condition；
    The vehicle starts charging after the starting point of safety low-voltage charging highway, and the vehicle side communication module is to institute The energy storage group information that roadside communication module sends charge request and itself is stated, the energy storage group information includes energy storage group Quantity, number and remaining capacity；
    Roadside communication module described in the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin receives charge request in the traffic control；
    The traffic control center judges the type of presently described vehicle and the type of the energy storage group, estimates power consumption and fills The electric time；
    The traffic control center judges whether to permit current vehicle access charging according to the power supply situation of Current Highway, if then Carry out electric power resource allotment；
    The traffic control center returns to access information, and the access information includes access license；
    The vehicle receives the access information by the vehicle side communication module, if the access information is to permit access, The electrode plate that then putting down the charging wheel brush contacts it on safety low-voltage charging highway starts to charge, if the access Information is refusal access, then gives notice to car；Terminate charging the case where include the energy storage group be full of and the vehicle sail From safety low-voltage charging highway, the vehicle submits settlement information, the clearing to the traffic control center at this time Information includes the quantity, number and current electric quantity of energy storage group, and the electricity charge are settled accounts according to settlement information in the traffic control center, is terminated The case where charging further includes reaching the charging time limit, and the electricity charge are directly settled accounts according to charging duration in the traffic control center.
CN201910444765.7A 2019-05-27 2019-05-27 A kind of safety low-voltage charging highway, traveling charging vehicle and charging method Pending CN110217126A (en)

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CN111497631A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-07 五邑大学 Charging highway, underground power supply trolley, electric vehicle, charging system and method
CN113386602A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-09-14 五邑大学 Waterproof charging device and charging road
WO2021217984A1 (en) * 2020-04-26 2021-11-04 五邑大学 Underground charging device, charging road, and charging system thereof

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Application publication date: 20190910