CN110216237A - A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110216237A CN110216237A CN201910676793.1A CN201910676793A CN110216237A CN 110216237 A CN110216237 A CN 110216237A CN 201910676793 A CN201910676793 A CN 201910676793A CN 110216237 A CN110216237 A CN 110216237A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of steel-casting precoated sand additives and the preparation method and application thereof, and the additive is according to parts by weight, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 10-60 parts by weight, flux 5-30 parts by weight, fluxing agent 1-20 parts by weight.Steel-casting precoated sand of the invention is prepared convenient and efficient with additive, only need a mixing plant, additive need to be only added in the present invention on the basis of precoated sand existing production technology, it is cast using the cast steel sand of additive of the present invention according to normal flow coremaking, without other additional steps, it is less that the additional amount of additive accounts for silica sand weight, is able to satisfy use demand at any time, it is i.e. implementable not need to increase additional adding technology or material, it is good using surface finish of casting after the additive；Using the additional amount for reducing resin in precoated sand after additive of the invention, slows down resin burning and get angry, reduce the pollution to environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive and preparation method thereof with
Using.
Background technique
Cast steel precoated sand is a kind of novel film coating sand product with excellent high temperature performance and comprehensive casting character, and cast steel covers
Film sand have intensity height, good fluidity, curing rate is fast, dioxide-containing silica is high, heat-resisting quantity is strong, gas forming amount is low, mobility
The features such as good is that one kind is widely used in the cast steels such as valve casing, buffer connector, steel shaft, engineering excavation machine bucket tooth, container angle
The Modeling Material of part.
In foundry production, the aggregate and main component for forming casting mold are silica sands.Precoated sand roughing sand material master at this stage
It to be quartziferous sand, non-quartziferous sand, artificial sand etc..Wherein quartziferous sand is mainly common silica sand, and non-quartziferous sand is again
It is divided into magnesia, olivine sand, soldering iron ore in sand form, zircon sand etc., artificial sand is divided into artificial complex sand, enstatite sand, carbon granules sand etc. again.Casting
Based on steel part mainly selects the non-quartziferous sand of special sand or artificial sand with sand selection.But with the swift and violent hair of China's casting industry
The shortcomings that exhibition, the requirement to founding materials is higher and higher, traditional precoated sand foundry sand, becomes more and more prominent.Quartziferous silicon
There is the disadvantage that refractoriness is lower, thermal expansion amount is big in sand, and casting is caused the defects of scab, vein, deformation and cracking occur；And
It is scarcity of resources, expensive although the comprehensive performance of non-quartziferous sand is higher, while also because in process of production because of machinery
It is broken to cause dihedral coefficient big, low strength under conditions of same resin amount；Although artificial compounded sand manufacture craft is simple,
Because chemical component easily causes the variation of the metallurgically of casting in a jumble, casting is caused the problem of quality occur, when being in casting
When hot environment, advantage is unobvious.
In view of the cost factor of casting, siliceous quartz sand is more satisfactory material, to overcome quartz sand refractoriness not
Enough, the disadvantages of thermal expansion amount is big will increase the amount of sand mold resin or select special sand, amount of resin increases during conventional cast
The strength retrogression speed of sand mold is mainly delayed in casting solidification by resin smoulder after adding, guarantees that sand mold will not be too early
Crush, special sand mainly resists the erosion of molten iron using the refractoriness of its own superelevation, while good being led by itself
Hot property makes the cooling crust hardening rapidly of sand mold-metal interface molten iron, prevents the scab of casting and keeps cast(ing) surface bright and clean, and
Resin can cause environmental pollution during burning, and special sand price is more expensive, and excessive exploitation can also destroy
Environment.
For these reasons, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problem above of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive and
Preparation method and application, additive of the invention can reduce the additional amount of resin in precoated sand, slow down resin burning hair
Gas reduces the pollution to environment, while reducing the use of special sand, and can increase the anti-sintering property of precoated sand, and raw material is easy
, economical and practical, preparation method is simple.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, according to parts by weight, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 10-60 parts by weight melt
Agent 5-30 parts by weight, fluxing agent 1-20 parts by weight.
Further, according to parts by weight, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 30-40 parts by weight, help flux 20-25 parts by weight
Flux 10-11 parts by weight.
Further, according to parts by weight, including the following raw material: 35 parts by weight of heat-resistant agent, 22.5 parts by weight of flux, fluxing agent
10.5 parts by weight.
Further, the heat-resistant agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide.
Further, the weight ratio of graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide is 2-4:1-3:4-6.
Further, the weight ratio of graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide is 3:2:5.
Further, the flux includes silica and magnesia.
Further, the weight ratio of silica and magnesia is 0.5-1.5:3-5.
Further, the weight ratio of silica and magnesia is 1:4.
Further, the fluxing agent is potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, potassium sulfate or oxygen
Change calcium.
Heat-resistant agent of the invention is high-melting-point substances, can bear the heat proof material of 1800 DEG C or more high temperature, can be in the temperature
Lower guarantee is not melted itself, and guarantees the mechanical strength of itself, plays the role of the high temperature resistance for improving sinter layer, can
So that sand mold is able to bear higher temperature.
Flux itself can melt within specified temperatures after fluxing agent acts on, and can allow heat-resistant agent during fusing
It is uniformly dispersed in wherein, forms high-temperature flame-proof sinter layer, mainly allow heat-resistant agent to be evenly distributed in by the fusing of itself
Sand grain surface plays the role of resistant to high temperatures.
Fluxing agent itself is not involved in chemical reaction, but can be catalyzed flux melts, and can continue catalysis flux melts, main to make
With being the fusing for promoting flux, itself will not be consumed, and flux persistently exists, then persistently generation acts on fluxing agent.
A kind of preparation method of the steel-casting precoated sand additive, includes the following steps:
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, obtains the steel-casting precoated sand additive.
Further, mixing speed is 150-200r/min, mixing time 30-60min in step (2).
Application of the steel-casting precoated sand additive in steel-casting precoated sand a kind of described in.
Further, the steel-casting precoated sand additive is mixed with each raw material for preparing precoated sand, stirring is equal
It is even.
Steel-casting precoated sand in the present invention is explained according to following raw material and preparation method:
The raw material of steel-casting precoated sand is prepared in the present invention according to parts by weight, including 100 parts by weight of silica sand, steel-casting overlay film
Sand additive 0.02-1 parts by weight, phenolic resin 1-3.5 parts by weight, coupling agent 0.01-0.05 parts by weight, curing agent 0.1-
0.4 parts by weight and lubricant 0.05-0.45 parts by weight.
Further, coupling agent is coupling agent 550, coupling agent 560, dibutyl ester or tartaric acid, and curing agent is hexa-methylene
The aqueous solution of tetramine, lubricant are calcium stearate, odium stearate or barium stearate.
The preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand of the invention, includes the following steps:
(1) silica sand heating is heated to 120-140 DEG C；
(2) silica sand of heating is put into sand mixer, remaining each raw material be uniformly mixed and is shaked out；
(3) it is sieved, removes impurity, cool to less than 50 DEG C, packaging obtains the steel-casting precoated sand.
Wherein, the order of addition of each raw material can be following methods in precoated sand preparation process:
(1) silica sand, steel-casting precoated sand additive, phenolic resin, coupling agent, curing agent, lubricant are sequentially added；
(2) silica sand, phenolic resin, steel-casting precoated sand additive, coupling agent, curing agent, lubricant are sequentially added；
(3) silica sand, phenolic resin, coupling agent, steel-casting precoated sand additive, curing agent, lubricant are sequentially added；
(4) silica sand, phenolic resin, coupling agent, curing agent, lubricant, steel-casting precoated sand additive are sequentially added.
Due to the silica sand surface in precoated sand structure be resin film, surface resin film be hexa coating, six
Methenamine cover surface is calcium stearate, and after additive of the invention, additive can be evenly distributed on sand grains table
Among the resin film in face or surface, after the precoated sand casting forming surface after additive is added contacts molten iron, the high temperature of molten iron can make
Additive is catalyzed the sintering of sand-cast forming surface.Sand mold and casting ecto-entad are followed successively by unconsolidated formation, transition zone, sinter layer, iron
Water hardening layer, liquid iron water layer, the sinter layer dense structure, and can preferentially be seeped in forming process according to the similar principle that mixes
Enter unsintered silica sand gap or penetrate into sand mold because silica sand is by the gap of Thermal cracking, effectively molten iron can be stopped to penetrate into
Sand mold and the sand grains of peeling enter molten iron.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) steel-casting precoated sand of the invention is prepared convenient and efficient with additive, it is only necessary to a mixing plant, this hair
Bright need to be added additive on the basis of precoated sand existing production technology, using the cast steel sand of additive of the present invention according to just
Chang Liucheng coremaking casting, is not necessarily to other additional steps, and the additional amount of additive accounts for that silica sand weight is less, and be able to satisfy makes at any time
With demand, it is i.e. implementable not need to increase additional technique or equipment, good using surface finish of casting after the additive；
(2) it while guaranteeing the precoated sand performance of manufacture, is set using being reduced in precoated sand after additive of the invention
The additional amount of rouge slows down resin burning and gets angry, the pollution to environment reduced, using not needing to make again substantially after the additive
With special sand, break off the demand to special sand substantially, reduces exploitation and destruction to natural resources, to environmental protection resource
Saving has great importance；
(3) low in raw material price of additive of the invention is easy to get, economical and practical, while the casting after using additive
Appearance is good, reduces polishing operation, reduces the demand to artificial, and foundry enterprise can generally be made to obtain good economy
Benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of precoated sand sand mould structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the action principle figure of steel-casting precoated sand additive of the invention in precoated sand；
Fig. 3 is a kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive prepared by the present invention；
Appended drawing reference: 1, silica sand；2, resin；3, additive；4, sinter layer；5, molten iron.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
The steel-casting precoated sand additive of preparation of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 1
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 10kg, flux 5kg, fluxing agent 1kg.
Wherein, the heat-resistant agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, graphite powder, titanium dioxide and three
The weight ratio of Al 2 O is 2:1:4, and the flux includes silica and magnesia, the weight of silica and magnesia
Than for 0.5:3, the fluxing agent is potassium nitrate.
The preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, mixing speed 150r/min, mixing time 60min obtains institute
State steel-casting precoated sand additive.
Embodiment 2
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 30kg, flux 20kg, fluxing agent 10kg.
Wherein, the heat-resistant agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, graphite powder, titanium dioxide and three
The weight ratio of Al 2 O is 3:2:5, and the flux includes silica and magnesia, the weight of silica and magnesia
Than for 1:4, the fluxing agent is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, mixing speed 160r/min, mixing time 50min obtains institute
State steel-casting precoated sand additive.
Embodiment 3
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 35kg, flux 22.5kg, fluxing agent
10.5kg。
Wherein, the heat-resistant agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, graphite powder, titanium dioxide and three
The weight ratio of Al 2 O is 4:3:6, and the flux includes silica and magnesia, the weight of silica and magnesia
Than for 1.5:5, the fluxing agent is sodium sulphate.
The preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, mixing speed 175r/min, mixing time 45min obtains institute
State steel-casting precoated sand additive.
Embodiment 4
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 40kg, flux 25kg, fluxing agent 11kg.
Wherein, the heat-resistant agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, graphite powder, titanium dioxide and three
The weight ratio of Al 2 O is 3:1:5, and the flux includes silica and magnesia, the weight of silica and magnesia
Than for 1:5, the fluxing agent is calcium oxide.
The preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, mixing speed 190r/min, mixing time 40min obtains institute
State steel-casting precoated sand additive.
Embodiment 5
A kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 60kg, flux 30kg, fluxing agent 20kg.
Wherein, the heat-resistant agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, graphite powder, titanium dioxide and three
The weight ratio of Al 2 O is 2:3:6, and the flux includes silica and magnesia, the weight of silica and magnesia
Than for 0.5:3, the fluxing agent is sodium nitrate.
The preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, mixing speed 200r/min, mixing time 30min obtains institute
State steel-casting precoated sand additive.
Embodiment 6
The application of steel-casting precoated sand additive prepared by embodiment 2 in precoated sand, the precoated sand packet of the present embodiment
Include silica sand 100kg, 2 steel-casting precoated sand additive 0.02kg of embodiment, phenolic resin 1kg, coupling agent 0.01kg, curing agent
0.1kg and lubricant 0.05kg, wherein the aqueous solution that coupling agent is dibutyl ester, curing agent is hexa, hexa-methylene
The mass ratio of tetramine and water is 1:2, and lubricant is calcium stearate；
The preparation method of the precoated sand of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
(1) silica sand heating is heated to 120 DEG C；
(2) silica sand of heating is put into sand mixer, by steel-casting precoated sand additive, phenolic resin, coupling agent, is consolidated
Agent, lubricant, which sequentially add to be uniformly mixed, to shake out；
(3) it is sieved, removes impurity, cool to less than 50 DEG C, packaging obtains the steel-casting precoated sand.
Embodiment 7
The application of steel-casting precoated sand additive prepared by embodiment 3 in precoated sand, the precoated sand packet of the present embodiment
Include silica sand 100kg, 3 steel-casting precoated sand additive 0.5kg of embodiment, phenolic resin 2.25kg, coupling agent 2.25kg, solidification
Agent 0.25kg and lubricant 0.25kg, wherein the aqueous solution that coupling agent is tartaric acid, curing agent is hexa, six is sub-
The mass ratio of tetramine and water is 1:2, and lubricant is odium stearate；
The preparation method of the precoated sand of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
(1) silica sand heating is heated to 130 DEG C；
(2) silica sand of heating is put into sand mixer, by phenolic resin, steel-casting precoated sand additive, coupling agent, is consolidated
Agent, lubricant, which sequentially add to be uniformly mixed, to shake out；
(3) it is sieved, removes impurity, cool to less than 50 DEG C, packaging obtains the steel-casting precoated sand.
Embodiment 8
The application of steel-casting precoated sand additive prepared by embodiment 4 in precoated sand, the precoated sand packet of the present embodiment
Include silica sand 100kg, 4 steel-casting precoated sand additive 1kg of embodiment, phenolic resin 3.5kg, coupling agent 3.5kg, curing agent
0.4kg and lubricant 0.45kg, wherein the aqueous solution that coupling agent is tartaric acid, curing agent is hexa, hexa-methylene
The mass ratio of tetramine and water is 1:2, and lubricant is odium stearate；
The preparation method of the precoated sand of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
(1) silica sand heating is heated to 140 DEG C；
(2) silica sand of heating is put into sand mixer, by phenolic resin, coupling agent, curing agent, steel-casting precoated sand with adding
Agent, lubricant is added to sequentially add uniformly mixed shake out；
(3) it is sieved, removes impurity, cool to less than 50 DEG C, packaging obtains the steel-casting precoated sand.
Comparative example 1
The precoated sand raw material and preparation method and embodiment 7 of this comparative example are all the same, and difference is not add implementation
Steel-casting precoated sand additive prepared by example 3.
Test example 1
Precoated sand prepared by embodiment 7 and comparative example 1 carries out correlated performance inspection according to the standard of GB/T8583-2018
It surveys, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Detection project | Embodiment 7 | Comparative example 1 |
| Hot bending strength (MPa) | 3.5 | 3.8 |
| Room temperature bending strength (MPa) | 8.1 | 8.4 |
| Room temperature tensile strength (MPa) | 3.2 | 3.6 |
| Fusing point (DEG C) | 98 | 98 |
| Cured thickness (mm) | 4.4 | 4.4 |
| Gas forming amount (ml/g) | 12.7 | 12.6 |
| AFS | 66.4 | 64.7 |
| 1500 DEG C of sintering rates | 43.43% | 24.64% |
It is prepared as it can be seen from table 1 adding manufactured precoated sand after additive prepared by the present invention with without using additive
The intensity of precoated sand have no obvious decline, the slightly less than precoated sand for preparing of comparative example 1, but its anti-sintering property be substantially higher in
Precoated sand prepared by comparative example 1, precoated sand performance indexes prepared by embodiment 7 substantially meet use demand, and anti-
It occupies clear superiority in sintering character, this has for steel-casting sand in prevention casting scab and in terms of preventing casting defect
It is significant.
The action principle of additive of the invention in precoated sand is as follows: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, molten iron fills after type in overlay film
The silica sand of the forming surface of sand forms the glass sintering layer of one layer of compact structure under the catalytic action of additive, as shown in Fig. 2,
Left side is remaining sand grains and unburned resin totally in Fig. 2, and centre is glass sintering layer, and the right is the liquid gold for filling type
Belong to, the sinter layer dense structure, in forming process according to the similar principle that mixes can preferentially penetrate into unsintered silica sand gap or
Person penetrates into the gap because of the heated rear swelling cracking of sand mold, and molten iron is stopped to penetrate into sand mold and sand grains off into molten iron.It should
On the one hand sinter layer can prevent casting from generating scab or vein defect, on the other hand can also making sand mold, swabbing is not generated and brushed
The same effect of coating, guarantees the finish of cast(ing) surface.
The present inventor also carries out the detection of above-mentioned performance to the precoated sand of other embodiments preparation, as a result almost the same, by
It is limited in length, it will not enumerate.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive, which is characterized in that according to parts by weight, including the following raw material: heat-resistant agent 10-60
Parts by weight, flux 5-30 parts by weight, fluxing agent 1-20 parts by weight.
2. steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to parts by weight, including it is as follows
Raw material: heat-resistant agent 30-40 parts by weight, flux 20-25 parts by weight, fluxing agent 10-11 parts by weight.
3. steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 2, which is characterized in that according to parts by weight, including it is as follows
Raw material: 35 parts by weight of heat-resistant agent, 22.5 parts by weight of flux, 10.5 parts by weight of fluxing agent.
4. steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described is heat-resisting
Agent includes graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, it is preferred that the weight ratio of graphite powder, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide
For 2-4:1-3:4-6.
5. steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the flux
Including silica and magnesia, it is preferred that the weight ratio of silica and magnesia is 0.5-1.5:3-5.
6. steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described is fluxing
Agent is potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, potassium sulfate or calcium oxide.
7. a kind of preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps:
(1) according to said ratio, each raw material for standby is weighed；
(2) weighed each raw material is mixed evenly, obtains the steel-casting precoated sand additive.
8. the preparation method of steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step (2)
Mixing speed is 150-200r/min, mixing time 30-60min.
9. a kind of steel-casting precoated sand additive answering in steel-casting precoated sand as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6
With.
10. application of the steel-casting precoated sand additive according to claim 9 in steel-casting precoated sand, feature exist
In the steel-casting precoated sand additive is mixed with each raw material for preparing precoated sand, is stirred evenly.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112371901A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-02-19 | 盐城仁创砂业科技有限公司 | Anti-vein additive for casting, preparation method and use method |
| CN112589042A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 含山县朝霞铸造有限公司 | Additive for steel casting precoated sand and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113800927A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 阳泉中昂新材料科技有限公司 | Sand for precision casting and preparation method thereof |
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