CN110208267B - Marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances - Google Patents
Marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances Download PDFInfo
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- CN110208267B CN110208267B CN201910540688.5A CN201910540688A CN110208267B CN 110208267 B CN110208267 B CN 110208267B CN 201910540688 A CN201910540688 A CN 201910540688A CN 110208267 B CN110208267 B CN 110208267B
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Abstract
An objective lens, a light source and a pyramid prism carrier are placed in water with plankton to be observed, a pyramid prism array formed by a plurality of pyramid prisms is arranged on the end face, facing the objective lens, of the pyramid prism carrier, the central axis of the objective lens is perpendicular to the end face of the pyramid prism carrier, the light source and the objective lens are located on the same side, the light source is turned on, and a camera is used for shooting. The invention sets the pyramid prism at the position of the object lens facing the microscope, and utilizes the characteristic that the pyramid prism can return the incident light to form the back reflection light according to the original light path, and adopts the front illumination mode of the microscopic observation area, and the light rays which are emitted by the same group of incident illumination light sources and pass through the transparent target form the back reflection light through the pyramid prism array, so that the incident light and the back reflection light coexist, and a bidirectional illumination light field can be formed in the same microscopic observation area, thereby simultaneously observing the transparent target and the non-transparent target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical microscopy, in particular to a method for forming a marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances.
Background
At present, the optical imaging technology is an important technical means for in-situ observation of small and medium-sized plankton in oceans, wherein common optical imaging can obtain in-situ color optical images of the plankton, is most close to the current acknowledged and reliable laboratory manual microscopic observation, has the advantages of automation, high efficiency, no disturbance and the like, and is widely applied to oceanographic investigation.
In the prior art, although ordinary optical imaging can obtain a real image of a target to carry out real in-situ observation, the problem that a unidirectional illumination light field in a single incident illumination mode adapts to the randomness of the optical characteristics of the target in the observation of medium and small plankton cannot be solved. Mainly characterized in that for transparent or nearly transparent targets, such as small jellyfish, silkworm floaters and the like, dark field illumination based on a backlight technology is a better solution at present, and the technology utilizes the backlight to generate stronger forward scattering imaging through the edge of the transparent target with high transmittance, so that a better transparent target image can be obtained. However, for non-transparent objects with low transmittance, such as copepods and tunicates, the imaging can be performed by using only front light illumination and reflected light of the objects, and if only edge images of silhouette effect can be obtained by using back light illumination, it is difficult to obtain surface details.
Plankton in the ocean is taken as an observed target, the occurrence of plankton has randomness, the illumination light field distribution modes designed by the existing microscopic detection system are all unidirectional, and the observation of both transparent and non-transparent targets cannot be realized in the same system by adopting a single incident illumination mode. How to solve the technical problems is a technical problem to be solved in the in-situ observation research of the small and medium-sized plankton in the ocean at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for forming a bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method for marine organisms adapted to targets with different transmittances, so as to solve the problems in the background art mentioned above.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: placing an objective lens, a light source and a pyramid prism carrier in water with plankton to be observed, wherein the end face, facing the objective lens, of the pyramid prism carrier is provided with a pyramid prism array formed by a plurality of pyramid prisms, the central axis of the objective lens is perpendicular to the end face of the pyramid prism carrier, the light source and the objective lens are located on the same side, the light source is turned on, and the camera is used for shooting.
Preferably, the central axis of the light emitted by the light source makes an angle >0 ° and <90 ° with the central axis of the objective lens.
Preferably, the number of the light sources is 1.
Preferably, the number of light sources is at least 2.
Preferably, the light source is an electric light source.
Preferably, the light source is an LED lamp or an incandescent lamp.
Preferably, the corner cube prism reflects incident light of the light source back to form final reflected light parallel to the incident light.
The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for the targets with different transmittances, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has the following beneficial effects: the invention sets the pyramid prism at the position of the object lens facing the microscope, and utilizes the characteristic that the pyramid prism can return the incident light to form the back reflection light according to the original light path, and adopts the front illumination mode of the microscopic observation area, and the light rays which are emitted by the same group of incident illumination light sources and pass through the transparent target form the back reflection light through the pyramid prism array, so that the incident light and the back reflection light coexist, and a bidirectional illumination light field can be formed in the same microscopic observation area, thereby simultaneously observing the transparent target and the non-transparent target.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic technical route of a marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method adapted to targets with different transmittances according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic optical diagram of a corner cube array according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the illumination light field of the front light of the general microscopic imaging system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for generating a bi-directional illumination optical field distribution using a corner cube array;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a plankton microscopic observation area according to the present invention;
1. the device comprises a pyramid prism, a light source, an objective lens, a camera, a plankton microscopic observation area, a first opaque object, a transparent object, a second opaque object, a transparent object, a pyramid prism carrier, a light source, a camera, a plankton microscopic observation area, a light source.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a method for marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation suitable for targets with different transmittances, which adopts the technical scheme that: placing an objective lens 3, a light source 2 and a pyramid prism carrier 12 in water with plankton to be observed, wherein the end face, facing the objective lens 3, of the pyramid prism carrier 12 is provided with a pyramid prism array formed by a plurality of pyramid prisms 1, the central axis of the objective lens 3 is perpendicular to the end face of the pyramid prism carrier 12, the light source 2 and the objective lens 3 are located on the same side, the light source 2 is turned on, and photographing is carried out through a camera 4.
It is known that when small and medium-sized plankton are observed in the ocean, because the plankton appears in the observation visual field randomly, that is, transparent or approximately transparent targets and non-transparent targets can appear in the observation visual field simultaneously, the illumination light field distribution mode designed by the existing microscopic detection system is unidirectional, and the transparent and non-transparent targets can not be observed simultaneously in the same system by adopting a single incident illumination mode. Therefore, the bidirectional distribution of the illumination light field is realized in a common microscopic optical system, namely, an 'incidence-retroreflection' microscopic light field illumination method suitable for wide transmissivity is established, and the method is one of the key problems of solving the target adaptability of the in-situ microscopic observation system.
The so-called unidirectional illumination light field distribution mode is that for transparent or nearly transparent targets with high transmissivity, such as small jellyfish, floating silkworms and the like, dark field illumination of a backlight technology for arranging a light source on the back of a target to be observed is adopted, and the technology utilizes the fact that backlight penetrates through the high-transmissivity edge of the transparent target to generate strong forward scattering imaging, so that a good transparent target image can be obtained; however, for non-transparent objects with low transmittance, such as copepods and tunicates, it is difficult to obtain surface details by illuminating only with a front light that is a light source placed in front of the object to be observed and imaging with reflected light from the object, and by using a back light to obtain only an edge image with a silhouette effect.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic technical route of a bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method for marine organisms adapted to targets with different transmittances, and it is known that in an optical microscopic observation field, the appearance of small and medium-sized marine plankton is random, that is, a transparent or nearly transparent target with high transmittance and a non-transparent target with low transmittance can simultaneously appear in a plankton microscopic observation area. Aiming at the unicity of a microscopic light field of the current optical observation system, incident illumination and retro-reflection illumination are combined, namely, for a non-transparent target with low transmissivity, incident light of a light source 2 is adopted for illumination to form an imaging light field; for a transparent object with high transmittance, the cube-corner prism 1 is adopted to retroreflect and illuminate an imaging light field. The imaging characteristic of the bidirectional illuminating light field with the incident illuminating field and the retro-reflecting illuminating field coexisting is adopted to establish an 'incident-retro-reflecting' bidirectional microscopic light field illuminating method suitable for wide transmissivity, and the illuminating light field capable of meeting the imaging requirements of targets with different transmissivities is realized in the same set of in-situ microscopic imaging system.
Example 1, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 5, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a front light illumination light field of a general microscopic imaging system, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a plankton microscopic observation area according to the present invention. In order to construct a marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances. Firstly, selecting a general front-lighting incident illumination mode of a microscopic imaging system in the prior art, establishing a microscopic incident illumination light field aiming at a non-transparent target, wherein the system can obtain an image with high signal-to-noise ratio by utilizing the stronger characteristic of the reflected light of the target in the light field.
In fig. 5, a microscopic incident illumination light field for a non-transparent target is established by using a general microscopic imaging system front light incident illumination mode, in a plankton microscopic observation area 5, a first opaque object 6 and a second opaque object 8 cannot project objects because of light rays, incident light emitted by a light source 2 is incident on the first opaque object 6 and the second opaque object 8, and images of the first opaque object 6 and the second opaque object 8 can be observed in an objective lens 3 through reflected light imaging. Because the transparent object 7 can be projected by light, incident light emitted by the light source 2 is incident on the transparent object 7, more than 90% of light energy can penetrate through the target transparent object 7, no reflected light can be generated, and imaging cannot be performed.
Example 2, referring to fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical principle of the corner cube array according to the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional illumination light field distribution generated by the corner cube array according to the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the plankton microscopic observation area according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, a corner cube 1 is a retroreflective glass element that retroreflects an incident light beam at three 90 ° angles, and the corner cube 1 employs a corner cube array. In the same optical path, when incident illumination is applied to a transparent target, more than 90% of light energy can penetrate the target and can not participate in imaging, so that clear imaging cannot be obtained if imaging is carried out by only depending on reflected light. The invention aims to utilize the illumination principle of the corner cube prism 1, the light rays which are emitted by the same group of incident illumination light sources 2 and pass through the transparent target form reverse reflection light through the corner cube prism 1 array, a reverse reflection light field can be formed in the same microscopic observation area, transmission type illumination is carried out from the back of the transparent target, and stronger forward scattering light of the target is utilized for imaging, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is effectively improved, and finally, a clear transparent target microscopic image is obtained.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, an objective lens 3, a light source 2 and a pyramid prism carrier 12 are placed in water with plankton to be observed, the end surface of the pyramid prism carrier 12 facing the objective lens 3 is provided with a pyramid prism array formed by a plurality of pyramid prisms 1, the central axis of the objective lens 3 is perpendicular to the end surface of the pyramid prism carrier 12, the light source 2 and the objective lens 3 are located on the same side, the light source 2 is turned on, and a picture is taken through a camera 4.
The light source 2 and the objective lens 3 are positioned on the same side for front illumination, and the light rays which are emitted by the same group of incident illumination light sources 2 and penetrate through the transparent target form reverse reflection light through the pyramid prism 1 array, so that the incident light and the reverse reflection light coexist, a bidirectional illumination light field can be formed in the same microscopic observation area, the transparent target and the non-transparent target can be observed simultaneously, and the generated plankton can be photographed through the camera 4.
In fig. 5, which is an imaging image of plankton microscopic observation by using a bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method for marine organisms adapted to targets with different transmittances, in the plankton microscopic observation area 5, the first opaque object 6 and the second opaque object 8 cannot project objects because of light rays, incident light emitted by the light source 2 is incident on the first opaque object 6 and the second opaque object 8, and images of the first opaque object 6 and the second opaque object 8 can be observed in the objective lens 3 by reflected light imaging.
Adopt the illumination of front-lit light, because transparent object 7 can be the object for light can be thrown, the light that passes transparent object 7 that sends by same group incident illumination source 2 forms the retro-reflection light through pyramid prism 1 array, carries out the transmission-type illumination from the back of transparent object 7, utilizes the stronger forward scattering light imaging of target to effectively improve the SNR, finally obtain clear transparent object 7 microscopic image.
Furthermore, the included angle between the central axis of the light emitted by the light source 2 and the central axis of the objective lens 3 is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °, so that the light emitted by the light source 2 can be ensured to be emitted to the array of corner cube prisms 1.
Further, the number of the light sources 2 is 1; the number of the light sources 2 is at least 2.
Further, the light source 2 is an electric light source, and it should be noted that the electric light source is a device or apparatus for converting electric energy into optical energy, and the common electric light source includes: thermoluminescent electric light sources, such as incandescent lamps, tungsten halogen lamps; gas discharge light-emitting electric light sources such as fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps, sodium lamps, metal halide lamps; solid state light emitting electric light sources, such as LED lamps.
Further, the light source 2 is an LED lamp or an incandescent lamp, and the LED lamp is cheap, long in service life, very high in brightness, and can be seen clearly in the field of view.
Further, the corner cube 1 reflects the incident light 20 of the light source 2 back to form the final reflected light 21 parallel to the incident light 20.
The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for the targets with different transmittances, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has the following beneficial effects: the invention sets the pyramid prism at the position of the object lens facing the microscope, and utilizes the characteristic that the pyramid prism can return the incident light to form the back reflection light according to the original light path, and adopts the front illumination mode of the microscopic observation area, and the light rays which are emitted by the same group of incident illumination light sources and pass through the transparent target form the back reflection light through the pyramid prism array, so that the incident light and the back reflection light coexist, and a bidirectional illumination light field can be formed in the same microscopic observation area, thereby simultaneously observing the transparent target and the non-transparent target.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
It should be understood that the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention may be equally replaced or changed by those skilled in the art, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances is characterized in that: placing objective lens (3), light source (2) and pyramid prism carrier (12) in the aquatic that has the plankton of waiting to observe, pyramid prism carrier (12) have the pyramid prism array that a plurality of pyramid prisms (1) formed on the terminal surface towards objective lens (3), pyramid prism (1) and objective lens (3) set up relatively, the terminal surface of the center pin perpendicular to pyramid prism carrier (12) of objective lens (3), just pyramid prism (1) and objective lens (3) are located plankton microscope observation area's both sides respectively, light source (2) and objective lens (3) are located same side, just light source (2) shine towards pyramid prism (1), open light source (2), shoot through camera (4).
2. The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle between the light emitted by the light source (2) and the central axis of the objective lens (3) is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees.
3. The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the light sources (2) is 1.
4. The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the light sources (2) is at least 2.
5. The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method suitable for targets with different transmittances as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the light source (2) is an electric light source.
6. The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method adapted to targets with different transmittances as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the light source (2) is an LED lamp or an incandescent lamp.
7. The marine organism bidirectional optical field in-situ observation method adaptive to targets with different transmittances as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the pyramid prism (1) reflects the incident light (20) of the light source (2) back to form final reflected light (21) which is parallel to the incident light (20).
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| CN1296724C (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2007-01-24 | 青岛海洋大学 | Underwater laser flying-line scanning imaging device and method |
| WO2009128443A1 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-10-22 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Light distribution control panel, display device mounted on mobile object, light distribution control sheet, optical component, lighting device and display device |
| US8754829B2 (en) * | 2012-08-04 | 2014-06-17 | Paul Lapstun | Scanning light field camera and display |
| EP3000458B1 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2020-02-19 | PHC Holdings Corporation | Pill inspection device and pill inspection method |
| US9354167B2 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-05-31 | Phase Technology | Method and apparatus for measuring appearance and disappearance temperatures of wax for transparent, translucent and opaque oils |
| CN207882442U (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-18 | 苏州四百克拉光电科技有限公司 | The continuous ray laser radar system of EO-1 hyperion of underwater finely ground particles detection |
| CN206773290U (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-12-19 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of micro- inquiry terminal of portable marine organisms information |
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| CN1499221A (en) * | 2002-11-11 | 2004-05-26 | 三星电子株式会社 | Prismatic lens, its prodn. method and LCD displa adopting such lens |
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| CN109313349A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-02-05 | 欧姆龙株式会社 | Light device and stereo display method |
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