CN110207874A - A kind of experimental rig for probing into non-destructive testing residual stress - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig for probing into non-destructive testing residual stress Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110207874A CN110207874A CN201910610349.XA CN201910610349A CN110207874A CN 110207874 A CN110207874 A CN 110207874A CN 201910610349 A CN201910610349 A CN 201910610349A CN 110207874 A CN110207874 A CN 110207874A
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- sliding table
- residual stress
- fixing seat
- test
- lead screw
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- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011202 physical detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001683 neutron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009662 stress testing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of experimental rig of non-destructive testing residual stress, and L-type lifting sliding table fixing seat and rigid support are equipped on testing stand pedestal；Motor connects and composes driving pair by shaft coupling and lead screw；Polished rod, lead screw are fixed in L-type lifting sliding table fixing seat by bottom plate；Slide block set on two polished rods, and and threads of lead screw connection, can move up and down；Slip joint is fixedly connected on sliding block, is moved up and down with sliding block；Cantilevered axle is additionally provided in slip joint；Ring head connecting rod is hinged by bearing and cantilevered axle top, can swing around cantilevered axle；The lower end of ring head connecting rod is equipped with tup, for tapping test specimen to be measured；The power hammer percussion system of apparatus of the present invention is due to whole using rigid connection, it can guarantee that the power tapped every time is equal in magnitude by the way that tup is given rise to sustained height every time in this way, and it can also ensure that and tap in same point every time, solve the problems, such as to probe into relationship between amplitude and residual stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a testing device for nondestructive testing of residual stress, relates to a test for testing the relation between each parameter of a vibration signal and the residual stress, and belongs to a component stress testing device.
Background
It is well known that various manufacturing processes, such as casting, welding, forging, heat treating, etc., produce varying levels of residual stress in mechanical parts. The residual stress will have great influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the workpiece, and will cause great harm to the strength of the structure.
At present, the variety of measuring methods for residual stress in mechanical parts is various, dozens of methods have been developed so far, and the traditional residual stress detection technology is mainly divided into two major types, namely a mechanical method and a physical detection method. The mechanical method for measuring residual stress needs to release stress, which needs to locally separate or divide the workpiece, thereby causing certain damage or destruction to the workpiece, and if the method is used for small-batch and high-cost mechanical parts, the cost is too high. However, the mechanical method is perfect in theory and mature in technology, and is widely applied to field testing at present, wherein the destructive property of the blind hole method is the minimum. The physical detection method mainly includes an X-ray method, a neutron diffraction method, an ultrasonic method, and the like. Although physical measurement does not cause damage to the mechanical part itself, the measurement method is complex and the measuring instrument is expensive, so the method is rarely used.
In summary, in order to solve the problem of the residual stress detection technology, the present patent aims to invent a testing apparatus for nondestructive testing of residual stress, so as to explore the correspondence between the amplitude of the vibration signal and the natural frequency and the residual stress, and further achieve nondestructive testing of residual stress.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to explore the relationship between each parameter of a vibration signal and residual stress, and finally realize nondestructive testing of the residual stress by an experimental calibration method, and provides a testing device for nondestructive testing of the residual stress.
The invention relates to a testing device for nondestructive testing of residual stress, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the test bed mainly comprises a test bed base, an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat, a rigid support, a motor, a hammer head and the like; wherein,
an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat and a test piece fixing frame are arranged on the test bed base;
a sliding table frame is fixed on the upper part of the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat, and a motor device is arranged at the top of the sliding table frame; the motor is connected with the screw rod through the coupler to form a driving pair, and the motor drives the screw rod to rotate; two parallel polished rods are fixed on the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat through a bottom plate, and a lead screw is arranged between the two polished rods and is connected with a bottom plate bearing; the slide block is sleeved on the two polished rods, is in threaded connection with the lead screw and can move up and down; the sliding joint is fixedly connected to the sliding block and moves up and down along with the sliding block; the sliding joint is also provided with a cantilever shaft; the annular head connecting rod is hinged with the top end of the cantilever shaft through a bearing and can swing around the cantilever shaft; the lower end of the annular head connecting rod is provided with a hammer head for knocking a piece to be tested;
the test piece fixing frame is a square frame formed by connecting two rigid supports, two long connecting rods and two short connecting rods;
the motor is electrically connected with the control circuit.
An excitation signal is applied to the part to be tested through the hammer head, then the acceleration sensor is fixed at the point to be tested, a vibration signal is collected through the vibration signal collector, collected data are led into MATLAB through an array matrix form for further analysis, and the general rule between the vibration signal and the residual stress is obtained.
The invention has the positive effects that:
hang the piece that awaits measuring through the elasticity rope and gather vibration signal on the test piece mount, can get rid of the interference of other factors, the signal that makes the collection can be more real reaction the condition of the piece that awaits measuring, if adopt anchor clamps to carry out rigid connection, the signal of gathering then be the vibration signal of the piece that awaits measuring and anchor clamps, can not reflect real signal condition.
The force hammer knocking system of the device is integrally and rigidly connected, so that the force of knocking each time can be ensured to be equal by lifting the hammer head to the same height each time, and the knocking each time can be ensured to be at the same point, thereby solving the problem of exploring the relation between the amplitude and the residual stress.
Meanwhile, a vibration signal is acquired through an acquisition system, a value of the natural frequency is extracted after a CEEMD decomposition algorithm and Hilbert marginal spectrum analysis, the residual stress of the test piece is measured by a blind hole method, and a comparison table between the natural frequency and the residual stress is established in an experimental calibration mode. Therefore, when the test piece made of the same material is detected later, the value of the residual stress can be obtained according to the comparison table only by measuring the natural frequency of the test piece, and the nondestructive detection of the residual stress of the component is realized.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a motor, 2. a coupler, 3. a polished rod, 4. a sliding block, 5. a sliding joint, 6. a sliding table frame, 7. a screw rod, 8. a bottom plate, 9. an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat, 10. a test table base, 11. a cantilever shaft, 12. a bearing, 13. an annular head connecting rod, 14. a hammer head, 15. a rigid support, 16. a long connecting rod and 17. a short connecting rod.
A specific embodiment;
the following examples describe specific embodiments of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the testing apparatus for nondestructive testing of residual stress in the present invention includes a testing stand base 10, an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat 9, a rigid support 15, a motor 1, and a hammer 14; wherein,
an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat 9 and a rigid support 15 are arranged on the test bed base 10;
a sliding table frame 6 is fixed on the upper part of the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat 9, and the motor 1 is arranged on the top of the sliding table frame 6; the coupler 2 is responsible for connecting a main shaft of the motor 1 with a lead screw 7, two sides of the lead screw 7 are respectively provided with a polished rod 3, and the polished rods 3 play a role in supporting and guiding; the sliding table frame 6 is used for supporting the main body structure of the lifting sliding table; the bottom plate 8 is connected with the lead screw 7 and the polished rod 3; the slide block 4 is arranged on the polish rod 3 and the lead screw 7; the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat 9 is in bolted connection with the test bed base 10; the motor 1 is electrically connected with the control circuit, and is controlled to ascend and descend by the PLC, so that the effect of adjusting the relative positions of the hammer head and the to-be-measured piece is mainly achieved, and the position of the to-be-measured point can be adjusted by the hammer head.
Referring to fig. 1, a sliding joint 5 is connected with a sliding block 4 through a bolt, a cantilever shaft 11 is connected with the sliding joint 5, a circular hole on a rib plate on one side of the sliding joint 5 is internally threaded, the other side of the rib plate is not threaded, and the sliding joint 5 is connected with the cantilever shaft 11 through threads; the other end of the cantilever shaft 11 is connected with the bearing 12, and the shaft end of the cantilever shaft 11 is connected with the inner ring of the bearing 12 in an interference fit manner; the outer ring of the bearing 12 is connected with the annular head connecting rod 13 in an interference fit manner; the hammer 14 is in threaded connection with the annular head connecting rod 13, the same knocking force and the same knocking position are ensured by lifting the hammer to the same height every time, and the hammer 14 is in threaded connection, so that the knocking force can be adjusted by replacing hammers with different weights.
The test piece fixing frame comprises a rigid support 15, a long connecting rod 16 and a short connecting rod 17, and the long connecting rod 16 is in threaded connection with the rigid support 15; the short connecting rod 17 is in threaded connection with the rigid support 15; in order to avoid interference during assembly, the long connecting rod 16 and the short connecting rod 17 are not at the same height.
The test piece mount passes through the elasticity rope and hangs the piece that awaits measuring, has guaranteed that the piece that awaits measuring can not receive the interference of other factors when gathering vibration signal, and the test result is more accurate.
The test bed base 10 mainly plays a role in combining structures of all parts together and supporting an integral structure, a threaded hole and a groove for installing a lifting sliding table are reserved on the base of the test bed base 10, and the connection mode between the base and the rigid support 15 is threaded connection; the connection mode between the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat 9 is threaded connection.
The acquisition system comprises a computer, a dynamic signal acquisition instrument and an acceleration sensor, an excitation signal is applied to a piece to be detected through the hammer 14, then the acceleration is fixed at the point to be detected, a vibration signal is acquired through the vibration signal acquisition instrument, acquired data are led into MATLAB for further analysis in an array matrix form, and the general rule between the vibration signal and the residual stress is obtained.
The working conditions were as follows:
firstly, a welding steel plate is hung on a test piece fixing frame through an elastic rope, then an acceleration sensor is fixed on the welding steel plate, the acceleration sensor is connected with a dynamic signal acquisition instrument to establish contact with a computer, the position of a hammer head 14 is adjusted through a PLC control end of a lifting sliding table to be adjusted to the position of an optimal knocking point, then the hammer head 14 is lifted to a certain height, the hammer head freely falls down after the hand is loosened to knock the welding steel plate, the acceleration sensor acquires a time domain vibration signal, the time domain vibration signal is further analyzed by the computer, the amplitude corresponding to the inherent frequency and the inherent frequency is obtained through CEEMD decomposition and Hilbert marginal spectrum processing, and then the value of the residual stress is detected through a blind hole method. Secondly, the same material and size are used without residual stress
The steel plate is hung on the test piece fixing frame, vibration signals are collected in the same mode, the lifting sliding table and the hammer 14 are adjusted to be lifted to the same height in the collection process, the position of a knocking point and the size of knocking force are guaranteed to be consistent with those of the welded steel plate, and then the inherent frequency of the welded steel plate is analyzed through a computer to obtain the amplitude corresponding to the inherent frequency. And finally, comparing the data of the steel plate without residual stress with the data of the welded steel plate to obtain a general rule between the vibration signal and the residual stress, then establishing a residual stress comparison table, and acquiring the magnitude of the residual stress of the component with the same material only by acquiring the natural frequency of the component when measuring the residual stress of the component with the same material to realize nondestructive testing of the residual stress. And after the measurement is finished, the vibration signal and related analysis data collected by the computer are stored, and the power supply is turned off.
And (3) test results:
the device is used for carrying out a knocking test on a welded steel plate and a residual stress-free steel plate with the same size, wherein the natural frequency of the welded steel plate is 560.547Hz, and the natural frequency of the residual stress-free steel plate is 472.326 Hz.
Test results show that the device can explore the relationship between the natural frequency of the vibration signal and the residual stress, and obtain the following conclusion: the larger the natural frequency, the larger the residual stress. And lays a foundation for further exploring the test of the residual stress of nondestructive testing in the later period.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a nondestructive test residual stress's test device which characterized in that: the test bed comprises a test bed base, an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat, a motor, a hammer and a test piece fixing frame; wherein,
an L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat and a test piece fixing frame are arranged on the test bed base;
a sliding table frame is fixed on the upper part of the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat, and a motor device is arranged at the top of the sliding table frame; the motor is connected with the screw rod through the coupler to form a driving pair, and the motor drives the screw rod to rotate; two parallel polished rods are fixed on the L-shaped lifting sliding table fixing seat through a bottom plate, and a lead screw is arranged between the two polished rods and is connected with a bottom plate bearing; the slide block is sleeved on the two polished rods, is in threaded connection with the lead screw and can move up and down; the sliding joint is fixedly connected to the sliding block and moves up and down along with the sliding block; the sliding joint is also provided with a cantilever shaft; the annular head connecting rod is hinged with the top end of the cantilever shaft through a bearing and can swing around the cantilever shaft; the lower end of the annular head connecting rod is provided with a hammer head for knocking a piece to be tested;
the test piece fixing frame is a square frame formed by connecting two rigid supports, two long connecting rods and two short connecting rods;
the motor is electrically connected with the control circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910610349.XA CN110207874A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | A kind of experimental rig for probing into non-destructive testing residual stress |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910610349.XA CN110207874A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | A kind of experimental rig for probing into non-destructive testing residual stress |
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| CN110207874A true CN110207874A (en) | 2019-09-06 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111537043A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-08-14 | 张大鸿 | Following type magnetostrictive water level gauge for hydraulic engineering pressure measuring pipe |
| CN115420415A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-02 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Thick plate residual stress testing all-in-one machine |
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| JP2001221697A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-17 | Hitachi Kyowa Engineering Co Ltd | Residual stress measuring method and apparatus |
| CN202305477U (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-07-04 | 杨学春 | Non-destructive detection device for wood stress waves |
| CN203385699U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-01-08 | 上海三一重机有限公司 | System for detecting residual stress and structure defect |
| CN104237384A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-12-24 | 南京林业大学 | Determination method for shear modulus of wood |
| CN107490463A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of online Modal detection positioner |
| CN209979111U (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2020-01-21 | 长春理工大学 | Test device for exploring nondestructive testing residual stress |
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2019
- 2019-07-08 CN CN201910610349.XA patent/CN110207874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001221697A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-17 | Hitachi Kyowa Engineering Co Ltd | Residual stress measuring method and apparatus |
| CN202305477U (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-07-04 | 杨学春 | Non-destructive detection device for wood stress waves |
| CN203385699U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-01-08 | 上海三一重机有限公司 | System for detecting residual stress and structure defect |
| CN104237384A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-12-24 | 南京林业大学 | Determination method for shear modulus of wood |
| CN107490463A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of online Modal detection positioner |
| CN209979111U (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2020-01-21 | 长春理工大学 | Test device for exploring nondestructive testing residual stress |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111537043A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-08-14 | 张大鸿 | Following type magnetostrictive water level gauge for hydraulic engineering pressure measuring pipe |
| CN115420415A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-02 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Thick plate residual stress testing all-in-one machine |
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