CN110198177B - Multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combined with pseudo-random feature codes - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combined with a pseudo-random feature code. The receiver utilizes the correlation between the known pseudo-random feature code and the transmitted signal to judge, and reduces the error code caused by the interference signal appearing in the dual channel of the multi-sequence frequency hopping. The invention further improves the anti-interference capability of the multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-interference frequency hopping communication method, in particular to a multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combined with a pseudo-random feature code.
Background
The frequency hopping communication is a communication mode that carrier waves of transmission signals hop on a transmission frequency band according to a pseudo-random rule, and carrier frequencies of transmission signals of the transmitting party and the receiving party change pseudo-randomly according to a preset frequency hopping sequence. Since the frequency used by the current frequency hopping communication system is unknown to the interferer, the frequency hopping communication system cannot be effectively interfered with. The frequency hopping communication has good anti-interference and anti-interception capabilities, low detection probability and can inhibit frequency selective fading, and is widely applied to military communication, in particular to short-wave/ultra-short-wave tactical communication.
With the development of interference technology, tracking interference becomes the biggest threat faced by frequency hopping communication, and the tracking interference can capture the currently used frequency of a frequency hopping system in a short time and carry out interference, thereby greatly reducing the frequency hopping gain generated by avoiding the interference in the frequency hopping communication. With the development of the tracking interference technology, the interception probability of the tracking interference on the frequency hopping patterns at a certain hopping speed almost reaches 100%, so that the anti-interference gain of frequency hopping communication is lost.
In recent years, the anti-interference technology of the frequency hopping communication system has been developed to some extent. Under the conventional frequency hopping mode, error codes can be reduced through modes of channel coding, airspace interference elimination and the like, and the error codes are used as compensation measures after being influenced by tracking interference. In addition to the compensation measures, unconventional frequency hopping patterns such as differential frequency hopping are also presented to combat tracking interference. At present, a multi-sequence frequency hopping method is mainly studied, wherein a channel is used for representing a message, a data channel and a dual channel hop according to different frequency hopping sequences, and a receiving end judges by detecting energy of a frequency point of a corresponding channel. Because the dual channel has no actually transmitted signal, the tracking interference can not capture the dual channel and carry out effective interference, thereby reducing the influence of the tracking interference. The frequency hopping method has a good tracking interference resistance effect, but when an interference signal collides with a dual channel, large energy appears on the dual channel, and the error rate is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combined with a pseudo-random feature code, which reduces error codes caused by interference of dual channels in multi-sequence frequency hopping.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combined with a pseudo-random feature code is characterized in that the pseudo-random feature code is used as a mark for distinguishing signal sources, and is modulated onto a carrier with frequency hopping in an in-band spread spectrum mode, so that features are added to a transmitted signal and a demodulated signal.
Wherein the pseudo-random signature adds other signature information to the data channel in addition to the carrier frequency but is independent of the user data.
Specifically, the method comprises a signal transmitting process and a signal receiving process;
the signal transmission process comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out error control coding on binary user data d (t) by utilizing channel coding to obtain a sequence d to be transmittedc(t)；
(2) To be transmitted sequence dc(t) conversion to N-ary signal dn(t)；
(3) In the sequence-mapped channel, N-ary signal dn(t) determining which frequency hopping sequence is selected by the transmission signal, and synthesizing the frequency corresponding to the sequence by a frequency synthesizer to be used as a frequency hopping carrier;
(4) in a characteristic modulation channel, 2PSK modulation is carried out on a pseudo-random characteristic code c (t) serving as characteristic information to generate a characteristic signal; the generation clock of the pseudo-random feature code is consistent with the synchronous clock of the frequency hopping system, and under the synchronous condition, the pseudo-random feature code modulated on the carrier is known to a receiving end;
(5) the characteristic signal output by the characteristic modulation module is mixed with the frequency hopping carrier synthesized by the sequence mapping channel, and the frequency spectrum is transmitted to the radio frequency front end after the frequency spectrum shifting is completed;
(6) after the band-pass filtering and power amplification are finished at the radio frequency front end, transmitting through a transmitting end antenna;
the signal receiving process comprises the following steps:
(A) the radio frequency front end of the receiving end transmits the radio frequency signals received from the antenna to N receiving branches after low-noise amplification, band-pass filtering and gain control;
(B) the N receiving branches work in parallel and correspond to N orthogonal frequency hopping sequences;
for a certain receiving branch, a local frequency hopping sequence generated by a receiving end keeps synchronous with a transmitting end, and the receiving end utilizes frequency hopping clock information to realize synchronization when generating a pseudo-random feature code;
for each receiving branch, the intermediate frequency signal after being subjected to the de-hopping is sent to an energy detection module for square-rate incoherent energy detection after being subjected to feature demodulation;
(C) in each characteristic demodulation channel, carrying out characteristic demodulation on the intermediate frequency signal subjected to the debounce by using a pseudo-random characteristic code c (t) synchronous with the transmitting end, and carrying out narrow-band filtering after demodulation to filter out interference signals;
(D) in each energy detection module, carrying out narrow-band filtering on the signal subjected to characteristic demodulation, carrying out square rate incoherent detection to obtain N detection results, and sending the N detection results to a judgment module for judgment;
(E) when judging, judging the energy detection results of the N receiving branches;
(F) will N carry the signal dn(t) conversion into a binary received signal sequence dc(t)。
(G) To dc(t) performing channel decoding.
In the step (1), the channel coding mode is a convolutional code, a Turbo code or an RS code.
In the step (4), the pseudo-random signature code c (t) adopts pseudo-random sequences such as m sequences and the like, the code rate is lower than the bandwidth of a frequency hopping frequency point, and the code rate is converted into a bipolar code when in use.
In the step (E), the decision method adopts hard decision or combines with decoding method to make soft decision.
In the step (E), the hard decision method is that, for N receiving branches, the square rate incoherent detection result of each receiving branch is Ri,(i＝1,...,NS) (ii) a Setting the maximum value R of the detection resultmax＝max{R1,R2,...,RN}＝Ri，RiThe corresponding subchannel i is a data channel.
Wherein, if the channel coding mode in step (1) is convolutional code, then step (G) selects Viterbi decoding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) and mapping the user data into the sequence number of the frequency hopping sequence by utilizing the joint work of a plurality of frequency hopping sequences, finally embodying the sequence number as the carrier frequency of a transmitting signal, and representing the message by utilizing a channel.
(2) Unlike conventional frequency hopping communication, user data is represented by a channel; unlike multiple sequence frequency hopping, a pseudo-random signature independent of user data is modulated on a carrier that adds other signature information to the data channel in addition to the carrier frequency.
(3) In the characteristic demodulation process, the receiver utilizes the correlation between the transmitted signal and the characteristic demodulation signal to reduce the influence of an interference signal irrelevant to the characteristic demodulation signal on the judgment, and can reduce the error code caused by the interference signal appearing in a dual channel of multi-sequence frequency hopping.
(4) The code rate of the pseudo-random feature code is lower than the bandwidth of the frequency hopping frequency point, the receiving end can still adopt narrow-band receiving, and out-of-band interference caused by modulating and widening a signal spectrum can be avoided.
(5) The joint work of the multiple frequency hopping sequences changes the condition of tracking the effect of interference, and the obvious effect can be achieved only by interfering the dual channel by the multiple sequence frequency hopping; the frequency difference between the dual channel and the data channel changes pseudo-randomly, so that the aim of hiding the dual channel under tracking interference is fulfilled, and the probability of the interference of the dual channel is reduced.
(6) On the frequency point of the data channel, the pseudo-random feature code adds other features except frequency for the data channel, increases the capability of distinguishing the energy source of the received signal for the receiver, reduces the probability of error codes when interference signals exist in dual channels, and further improves the anti-interference capability of multi-sequence combined frequency hopping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a transmitter architecture for a multi-sequence joint frequency hopping system incorporating pseudo-random signatures;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a receiver architecture for a multi-sequence joint frequency hopping system incorporating pseudo-random signatures;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-sequence joint frequency hopping frequency selection process incorporating pseudo-random signatures;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-sequence joint frequency hopping signature demodulation process incorporating a pseudo-random signature;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a multi-sequence joint frequency hopping decision process in conjunction with a pseudo-random signature;
FIG. 6 is a graph of tracking disturbances ρrGraph of influence on PRC-MSFH and FH/2FSK bit error rate (rho)w＝1/16，β＝1)；
Fig. 7 is a graph of the effect of multi-tone interference Q on PRC-MSFH and MSFH bit error rate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following descriptions.
Examples
A multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combining pseudo-random feature codes is characterized in that user data are subjected to channel coding and binary conversion, the user data are represented by frequency hopping sequence numbers, and the corresponding frequency hopping sequences are output and then serve as frequency hopping carrier waves through a frequency synthesizer. The pseudo-random feature code sequence is used as feature information of a data channel, and becomes a feature signal after modulation, and finally the feature signal is modulated onto a frequency hopping carrier and transmitted by an antenna through a radio frequency front end. At a receiving end, signals received by the radio frequency front end are sent to N receiving branches, and each receiving branch performs frequency hopping synchronization on the received signals by using a local frequency hopping sequence to complete frequency hopping demodulation. Then, the signal is subjected to characteristic demodulation, square-rate incoherent energy detection is carried out on the signal subjected to characteristic demodulation after narrow-band filtering, the energy detection result of the receiving branch is compared and judged, a data channel is determined, channel decoding is carried out after binary conversion, and user data are obtained through recovery.
More specifically, it comprises a signal transmitting step and a signal receiving step. Assume that a total of N hopping sequences work in conjunction.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the signal transmission includes the following steps:
(1) a source (101) supplies user data, a channel coding module (102) error control codes the user data using convolutional codes, and the coded data is converted into an N-ary signal at a binary conversion module (103). In a hopping sequence selection module (104), an N-system signal selects a hopping sequence with a corresponding sequence number from a hopping sequence set (105), and a frequency point corresponding to the current time of the sequence is subjected to frequency synthesis (106) and then is used as a carrier signal to be modulated with a characteristic signal in a hopping modulation module (109).
As shown in fig. 3, in the process of selecting a hopping sequence of a sequence mapping channel, an N-ary signal, that is, sequence selection information, selects a corresponding hopping sequence from a hopping sequence set (301) in a sequence selection module (302), extracts a frequency point corresponding to a current time, and sends the frequency point to a frequency synthesizer to generate a hopping carrier.
(2) And completing the baseband modulation of the pseudorandom feature code in the feature modulation channel. Generating a bipolar pseudo-random feature code c (t) (107) as feature information of a data channel, completing baseband modulation of the feature code by a feature modulation module (108) through 2PSK modulation, wherein the code rate of the pseudo-random feature code c (t) is higher than the frequency hopping rate and lower than the bandwidth of the frequency hopping point.
(3) The characteristic signal generated by the characteristic modulation module (108) is mixed and filtered with the frequency hopping carrier generated by the sequence mapping channel in the frequency hopping modulation module (109).
(4) The frequency hopping modulated signal is subjected to band-pass filtering and power amplification at a radio frequency front end (110), and then transmitted through a transmitting end antenna (111).
Taking N as an example, assume that the hopping slot length is T and the symbol energy is ESAnd when the total bandwidth of the frequency hopping band is W, the equivalent expression of the transmitted signal is:
if the signal is transmitted in an AWGN channel, the received signal can be equivalently represented as:
r(t)＝ejθ's(t)+n(t)+nJ(t) (2)；
where N (t) is additive white Gaussian noise with single-sided power spectral density of N0，nJ(t) is an interference signal, and θ' is a phase difference in the transmission process. The noise is zero mean Gaussian white noise, and the equivalent symbol signal-to-noise ratio is recorded as gamma-ES/N0。
At this point, the transmitting step is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the signal receiving comprises the following steps:
(5) the front end (202) of the receiving end performs low-noise amplification, band-pass filtering and gain control on the radio-frequency signals obtained from the receiving antenna (201) and then sends the radio-frequency signals to the N receiving branches.
(6) The receiving end N receiving branches work in parallel, the functions are the same, taking the receiving branch 1 as an example, the frequency hopping demodulation module 1(205) firstly adopts the self-synchronization method to complete synchronization, the local frequency hopping sequence 1(203) which completes synchronization sends the frequency information to the frequency synthesis module (204) to generate the corresponding frequency hopping demodulation signal, the frequency hopping demodulation module 1(205) completes frequency mixing and filtering, the receiving signal is moved from the frequency hopping carrier to the intermediate frequency, and finally the receiving signal is sent to the characteristic demodulation module 1 (209). The pseudo-random feature code (211) synchronized by the frequency hopping clock information is utilized to generate a feature demodulation signal through a feature modulation module (210), and the feature demodulation module 1(209) completes the demodulation of the feature information in the signal.
(7) In each characteristic demodulation channel, a characteristic demodulation signal is generated by using a pseudorandom characteristic code sequence synchronized with a transmitting end, and the characteristic demodulation is carried out on the intermediate frequency signal after the hopping is carried out, so that interference signals with different characteristics from the characteristic demodulation signal are distinguished.
As shown in fig. 4, the synchronization of the pseudo-random signature (402) is performed using the synchronization information of the hopping synchronization clock (401), and the signature is modulated by 2PSK into a signature demodulated signal at a signature modulation module (403), mixed with the intermediate frequency signal subjected to the narrow band filtering (404), and demodulated. The demodulated signal is narrowband filtered (405) to produce a signature demodulated signal.
Taking N as an example, the receiving end uses a frequency hopping sequence FS with the transmitting end0And FS1Synchronized frequency hopping sequence FS0' and FS1' the synchronization mode adopts a self-synchronization method, and controls the frequency synthesizer to generate a debounce signal in two paths. The pseudo-random feature code keeps synchronous with the pseudo-random feature code of the transmitting terminal by using the clock information of the frequency hopping system, and the pseudo-random feature code c (t) is modulated onto a debounce signal through 2 PSK. After intermediate-frequency narrow-band filtering, the signal is respectively subjected to incoherent energy detection and decision r on two channels0And r1Representing the energy detection results of two sub-channels representing user data "0" and "1", the detection decision riCan be expressed as:
Sit is the transmitted signal SiThe conjugate of (t), which is the equivalent of the demodulation process:
(8) as shown in fig. 5, in each energy detection channel, taking energy detection channel 1 as an example, a signal after characteristic demodulation is subjected to narrow-band filtering (501) and then square-rate incoherent detection (502), and finally, decision quantities obtained by detection of N energy detection channels are sent to a decision device (507) for large-hard decision selection, and when the output of energy detection channel i is maximum, decision channel i is a data channel and corresponds to an N-ary signal after error control coding and binary conversion.
(9) The decided N-ary signal is restored to the user data after error control coding by the binary conversion (214), and then channel decoding (215) is carried out, and the user data is restored by the Viterbi decoding adopted in the former convolutional coding.
At this point, the receiving step is completed.
Examples of effects
FIG. 6 shows tracking the interference time ratio ρrInfluence on the bit error rate of the present invention (hereinafter PRC-MSFH) and conventional frequency hopping (hereinafter FH/2FSK), where the interference bandwidth ratio ρ w1/16, the tracking success rate β is 1. Bit error rate of both with interference time ratio rhorIs increased. At the same interference time ratio prIn the following, the bit error rate of PRC-MSFH is generally lower than FH/2 FSK. At moderate signal-to-interference ratios, PRC-MSFH compares FH/2FSK with approximately 3-5dB of gain.
Fig. 7 shows the effect of the number of interfering tones Q under multi-tone interference on the PRC-MSFH and MSFH (multiple sequence hopping) error rates. Compared with the MSFH, the PRC-MSFH has about 6-7dB gain under the medium signal-to-interference ratio, and the anti-interference effect is obvious. The reason is that the added pseudo-random signature adds a signature to the transmitted signal other than frequency, reducing the correlation between the signal and interfering tones. In the demodulation process, for a data channel, the phase difference between an interference tone and a transmitted signal is continuously changed by the pseudorandom feature code, so that the influence of the interference tone on the signal is reduced; for the dual channel, the receiving end only stores interference single tones, and the pseudo-random feature code reduces the influence of the interference single tones on the decision quantity by enabling the phase of the interference single tones to change constantly. The feature code coding speed is lower than the frequency hopping frequency bandwidth, the receiver still receives a single frequency hopping frequency point in a narrow band, out-of-band interference cannot be introduced, and therefore the anti-interference effect is good.
Similar to MSFH, PRC-MSFH has the best number of interfering single tones Q under a certain signal-to-interference ratiooptMaximizing the error rate, i.e., the worst multi-tone interference, as shown in fig. 7, the larger the signal-to-interference ratio, the larger the QoptThe smaller. When the interference power is small, the interference party needs to concentrate the power on a few tones, and effective interference is realized when the data channel and the dual channel are hit; when the interference power is larger, the interference party needs to interfere more frequency points, and hit the data channel and the dual channel with higher probability.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention from the above-mentioned embodiments and make various extensions and changes, but they are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-sequence combined frequency hopping communication method combined with a pseudo-random feature code is characterized by comprising a signal transmitting process and a signal receiving process; the method comprises the following steps that N frequency hopping sequences of a fixed number work in a combined mode, the frequency hopping sequence of a transmitting signal is determined according to data to be transmitted, a transmitting end modulates pseudo-random codes known by the two parties on hopping carriers in an in-band spread spectrum mode to increase the characteristics of a communication signal, the communication signal is used as a mark for distinguishing signal sources and is used as a data channel transmitting signal, a receiving end receives signals in parallel by utilizing N narrow-band branches, and in each receiving branch, the characteristic demodulation is carried out on an intermediate frequency signal after the hopping is removed by using a pseudo-random characteristic code synchronous with the transmitting end, so that the communication signal and an interference signal from the transmitting end are distinguished;
the signal transmission process comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out error control coding on binary user data d (t) by utilizing channel coding to obtain a sequence d to be transmittedc(t)；
(2) To be transmitted sequence dc(t) conversion to N-ary signal dn(t)；
(3) In the sequence-mapped channel, N-ary signal dn(t) determining which frequency hopping sequence is selected by the transmission signal, and synthesizing the frequency corresponding to the sequence by a frequency synthesizer to be used as a frequency hopping carrier;
(4) in a characteristic modulation channel, 2PSK modulation is carried out on a pseudo-random characteristic code c (t) serving as characteristic information to generate a characteristic signal;
(5) the characteristic signal output by the characteristic modulation module is mixed with the frequency hopping carrier synthesized by the sequence mapping channel, and the frequency spectrum is transmitted to the radio frequency front end after the frequency spectrum shifting is completed;
(6) after the band-pass filtering and power amplification are finished at the radio frequency front end, transmitting through a transmitting end antenna;
the signal receiving process comprises the following steps:
(A) the radio frequency front end of the receiving end transmits the radio frequency signals received from the antenna to N receiving branches after low-noise amplification, band-pass filtering and gain control;
(B) the N receiving branches work in parallel and correspond to N orthogonal frequency hopping sequences;
for a certain receiving branch, a local frequency hopping sequence generated by a receiving end keeps synchronous with a transmitting end, and the receiving end utilizes frequency hopping clock information to realize synchronization when generating a pseudo-random feature code;
for each receiving branch, the intermediate frequency signal after being subjected to the de-hopping is sent to an energy detection module for square-rate incoherent energy detection after being subjected to feature demodulation;
(C) in each characteristic demodulation channel, carrying out characteristic demodulation on the intermediate frequency signal subjected to the debounce by using a pseudo-random characteristic code c (t) synchronous with the transmitting end, and carrying out narrow-band filtering after demodulation to filter out interference signals;
(D) in each energy detection module, carrying out narrow-band filtering on the signal subjected to characteristic demodulation, carrying out square rate incoherent detection to obtain N detection results, and sending the N detection results to a judgment module for judgment;
(E) when judging, judging the energy detection results of the N receiving branches;
(F) will N carry the signal dn(t) conversion into a binary received signal sequence dc(t)；
(G) To dc(t) performing channel decoding.
2. The multi-sequence joint frequency hopping communication method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the channel coding mode is convolutional code, Turbo code or RS code.
3. The multi-sequence joint frequency hopping communication method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the pseudo random signature code c (t) adopts a pseudo random sequence such as m sequence, the code rate is lower than the bandwidth of the frequency hopping channel, and the pseudo random signature code c (t) is converted into a bipolar code when in use.
4. The multi-sequence joint frequency hopping communication method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (E), the decision method uses hard decision or joint decoding method for soft decision.
5. The multi-sequence joint frequency hopping communication method according to claim 4, wherein in step (E), the hard decision method is that for N receiving branches, each receiving branch has square rate incoherent detection result of Ri,(i＝1,...,NS) (ii) a Setting the maximum value R of the detection resultmax＝max{R1,R2,...,RN}＝Ri，RiThe corresponding subchannel i is a data channel.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pseudo-random signature is generated in a clock synchronized with a synchronization clock of a frequency hopping system.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the code rate of the pseudo-random feature code is lower than the bandwidth of the frequency hopping frequency point, and a receiving end can adopt narrow-band receiving.
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| CN113708797B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Frequency hopping synchronization method and device for 5G NR |
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