CN110191441B - Resource allocation method and communication system for ground base station and multicast satellite - Google Patents

Resource allocation method and communication system for ground base station and multicast satellite Download PDF

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CN110191441B
CN110191441B CN201910435018.7A CN201910435018A CN110191441B CN 110191441 B CN110191441 B CN 110191441B CN 201910435018 A CN201910435018 A CN 201910435018A CN 110191441 B CN110191441 B CN 110191441B
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CN110191441A (en
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赵永利
杨柳
郁小松
衣龙腾
张�杰
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
China Academy of Space Technology CAST
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China Academy of Space Technology CAST
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/121—Wireless traffic scheduling for groups of terminals or users
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a resource allocation method and a communication system of a ground base station and a multicast satellite, wherein the method comprises the following steps: for the user terminals which are distributed to the same multicast satellite by the multicast service, performing subgroup division on the user terminals according to a channel quality index CQI value; distributing Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) service of corresponding level for each subgroup according to the CQI value of each subgroup user terminal; calculating the resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the allocated minimum data rate of the MCS service of each level; the number of Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to each sub-group is calculated based on the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each sub-group. The invention has simple wireless resource management, can ensure higher QoS and meet the fairness of resource allocation.

Description

Resource allocation method and communication system for ground base station and multicast satellite
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a resource allocation method and a communication system for a ground base station and a multicast satellite.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, more and more users desire to enjoy the same communication service at home, in remote mountainous areas, on the sea, or in the air. Especially in the upcoming 5G era, the data transmission demand is expected to reach 1000 times today, and 2/3 of the traffic is multimedia traffic. Multimedia content distribution services often have a large number of users, so the occupied frequency bandwidth and resources are large, and the key technical index of the future 5G requires that the users can successfully access the network no matter where the users are, but the requirements of large capacity and wide coverage cannot be met only by depending on the current available frequency spectrum of terrestrial mobile.
In order to meet the requirements, the characteristic of wide coverage of a satellite network is utilized, the ubiquitous coverage requirement is realized by adopting an L TE satellite network environment, the multimedia service can be successfully received even by users in remote areas, a satellite cluster is constructed through a space-ground integrated signaling system, and the ground and space spectrum utilization rate is improved.
The existing satellite broadcast/multicast technology mostly uses the GEO satellite as a transparent transponder and only carries out satellite up-conversion processing, the satellite has single function and cannot form a cluster cooperation execution task, so that space frequency band resources and precious satellite resources cannot be fully utilized.
One of the more recent proposals for implementing multicast services for a large number of multimedia services is the Device-to-Device (D2D) communication technique. The new communication form allows direct communication between adjacent users, and can ensure higher data rate, low time delay and higher energy utilization rate.
The emerging D2D technology brings about high data rate, low time delay and higher energy utilization rate, and has the disadvantage that it is difficult to overcome, for example, the huge increase of the number of D2D devices in the network coverage brings about the problems of signal interference and radio resource management; and because the D2D transmission mostly adopts the wireless cellular frequency reuse technology, the interference degree and the number of users with communication demands are in a linear positive correlation. The use of D2D communication in some cases complicates radio resource management.
Unlike the D2D technology, the application of the AMC (Adaptive Modulation and Coding) technology in the conventional OFDMA system in the satellite network system can also bring about effective performance improvement. In a multicast scenario where multiple users request the same data resource, the setting of the transmission parameters is on a per sub-group basis. The different channel conditions experienced by multicast users under the same spot beam coverage can cause various problems. Typically, an end user with good channel conditions can support a higher level Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), while a terminal with poor channel quality must use a more robust MCS. In the aspect of MCS allocation in multicast services, there are two typical methods:
one method belongs to a conservative approach (CMS), i.e., a conservative multicasting mechanism, in which the entire multicasting destination address uses the highest level MCS applicable to the user with the lowest CQI level, i.e., the MCS capable of adapting to the worst channel condition is served.
Another method belongs to random allocation technology (random adaptation), i.e., M L a (Multicast L in Multicast link adaptation), in order to overcome the disadvantages of the conservative method and achieve the purpose of Multicast link adaptation, only a part of Multicast users are served at any given time slot, so as to optimize the objective function result, such as system throughput.
Two typical MCS allocation methods in multicast services also have respective drawbacks:
the conservative method CMS ensures the maximum fairness of resource allocation, but the resources are completely and uniformly allocated, and all multicast users obtain the same data rate, thereby greatly reducing the spectrum utilization efficiency and being incapable of achieving higher system throughput. Meanwhile, the resource allocation method cannot guarantee high QoS (quality of service).
Random allocation techniques may limit the number of users successfully served in each time slot. The effect of this is that additional coding mechanisms (e.g. rateless codes) need to be used to ensure that the user can inform the sender which part of the file has been received. Although the random allocation method achieves long-term fairness (which is more suitable for file transfer), it cannot achieve short-term fairness, which is more important in streaming media application services, since not all users can be served in every time slot.
In summary, the conventional D2D technology is applied to a satellite networking system, which has the problem of complicated radio resource management; the existing MCS distribution method applied to the satellite networking system has the problems that higher QoS cannot be guaranteed or short-term fairness cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a resource allocation method and a communication system for a ground base station and a multicast satellite, which have the advantages of simple wireless resource management, and can ensure higher QoS and satisfy fairness in resource allocation.
The present invention provides a resource allocation method for a multicast satellite based on the above object, including:
for the user terminals which are distributed to the same multicast satellite by the multicast service, performing subgroup division on the user terminals according to a channel quality index CQI value;
distributing Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) service of corresponding level for each subgroup according to the CQI value of each subgroup user terminal;
calculating the resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the allocated minimum data rate of the MCS service of each level;
the number of Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to each sub-group is calculated based on the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each sub-group.
Further, before the user terminals that are allocated to the same multicast satellite for the multicast service are sub-divided according to the CQI value, the method further includes:
collecting CQI values sent by user terminals in the same multicast group, and calculating the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group;
selecting a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on corresponding longitudes in the satellite cluster as candidate satellites;
determining at least one multicast satellite of the multicast group from the candidate satellites according to the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group and the number of the service terminals of each candidate satellite;
and for the condition that the multicast satellite is multiple, distributing the service of the multicast group user terminal to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle.
Further, after the calculating the number of RB resource blocks allocated to each sub-group, the method further includes:
calculating user experience satisfaction of each subgroup;
if a subgroup with user experience satisfaction smaller than a set threshold exists, combining the subgroups of adjacent CQI values;
the number of allocated RBs is recalculated for each subgroup.
Further, before calculating the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup, the method further comprises:
checking the calculated RB allocation results of the subgroups according to set constraint conditions;
if the constraint condition is not met, combining the subgroups of adjacent CQI values, and then recalculating the number of distributed RBs for each subgroup; and
the calculating the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup specifically includes:
and if the constraint conditions are met, calculating and calculating the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup.
Further, after calculating the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup, the method further includes:
if the subgroup with the user experience satisfaction degree smaller than the set threshold value does not exist, the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal is sent to the satellite, and the satellite performs service multicast on the user terminal according to the resource allocation condition;
wherein the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal comprises: the current subgroup division condition of the user terminal, the level of MCS service allocated to each subgroup and the RB number.
The present invention also provides a ground base station, comprising:
the subgroup division module is used for distributing the multicast service to the user terminals of the same multicast satellite and carrying out subgroup division on the user terminals according to the channel quality index CQI value;
the MCS service distribution module is used for distributing modulation coding mechanism MCS service of corresponding level for each subgroup according to the CQI value of each subgroup user terminal;
a resource allocation module, configured to calculate a resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the minimum data rate of the allocated MCS service of each level; the number of Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to each sub-group is calculated based on the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each sub-group.
Further, the ground base station further includes:
the satisfaction detection module is used for calculating the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup; comparing the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup with a set threshold value, and outputting a comparison result;
and the subgroup combining module is used for carrying out combining operation on subgroups of adjacent CQI values when the comparison result output by the satisfaction degree detection module indicates that subgroups with user experience satisfaction degrees smaller than a set threshold exist, sending subgroup division results obtained by the combining operation to the MCS service distribution module, and distributing Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) services of corresponding levels to the subgroups after the combining operation again by the MCS service distribution module.
Further, the ground base station further includes:
a constraint condition checking module for checking the calculated RB allocation results of each group of user terminals according to the set constraint conditions and outputting the checking results; and
the subgroup merging module is further configured to, when the check result output by the constraint condition check module does not satisfy the constraint condition, perform a merging operation on subgroups of adjacent CQI values, send a subgroup division result obtained by the merging operation to the MCS service allocation module, and allocate, by the MCS service allocation module, modulation and coding scheme MCS services of corresponding levels to the subgroups after the merging operation again; and
the satisfaction detection module is specifically configured to calculate user experience satisfaction of each subgroup when the check result output by the constraint condition check module satisfies the constraint condition; and comparing the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup with a set threshold value, and outputting a comparison result.
Further, the ground base station further includes:
the satellite service distribution module is used for collecting CQI values sent by user terminals in the same multicast group and calculating the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group; selecting a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on corresponding longitudes in the satellite cluster as candidate satellites; determining at least one multicast satellite of the multicast group from the candidate satellites according to the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group and the number of the service terminals of each candidate satellite; and for the condition that the multicast satellite is multiple, distributing the service of the multicast group user terminal to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle.
The invention also provides a communication system based on the satellite cluster, which comprises: satellite cluster, user terminal, and above-mentioned ground base station.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the user terminals of the multicast group are divided into a plurality of subgroups according to the CQI of the user terminals, each multicast subgroup is regarded as a scheduling object of the logic multicast group, and MCS service is dynamically allocated according to the channel condition CQI of the user terminals, so that the mutual influence caused by different channel qualities is reduced; when Resource Block (RB) allocation is carried out, each subgroup can be abstracted into a unicast user, allocation weight is introduced to carry out RB dynamic allocation, and Resource allocation fairness is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the resource allocation algorithm is simple, and the method has the advantage of simple wireless resource management. The multicast method realizes the service that the satellite cluster supports the ground high-capacity video forward transmission, and can realize the seamless access of large-range multicast users including remote areas.
Further, constraint condition check is performed on the RB allocation result so as to ensure the reasonability of the allocation result and facilitate subsequent operation.
Further, the user experience satisfaction degree of the RB distribution result is checked, and the user experience can be better guaranteed.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the service of the multicast group user terminal is distributed to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle, thereby realizing service distribution and reducing the service pressure of a single satellite.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a satellite cluster-based communication system for use with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for a ground base station to allocate a service of a user terminal to at least one satellite in a satellite cluster according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a resource allocation method based on a satellite cluster according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an internal structure of a ground base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
The main idea of the present invention is to divide the multicast receiving user terminals into different subgroups according to the Channel conditions the user terminals are experiencing, and to set different MCS Modulation and Coding schemes (Modulation and Coding Scheme) for the user terminal groups with different CQI Channel Quality indicators (Channel Quality Indication) to reduce the impact of the users with poor Channel Quality on the users with good Channel Quality. And selecting the best MCS for the transmission data of each level CQI user by utilizing an AMC model, namely M CQIs correspond to M available highest level MCS. For convenience of expression, the highest level MCS corresponding to the m-level CQI is denoted as an m-level MCS. The basic idea is to divide the user terminals of a multicast group into a plurality of subgroups according to the CQI of the user terminals, regard each multicast subgroup as a scheduling object of a logical multicast group, and abstract each subgroup into a unicast user when Resource Block (RB, Resource Block) allocation is performed. Thus, all multicast receiving user terminals are served simultaneously in each slot (RB); the MCS is dynamically allocated according to the channel condition of the user, so that the mutual influence caused by different channel qualities is reduced, and higher QoS can be ensured; and the allocation weight is introduced to carry out RB dynamic allocation, so that the resource allocation fairness is ensured, namely the long-term fairness and the short-term fairness of users are met. Meanwhile, the resource allocation algorithm is simple, and the method has the advantage of simple wireless resource management.
The technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a communication system based on a satellite cluster provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: the system comprises a spatial satellite cluster, a ground base station arranged on the ground and a user terminal on the ground.
The space access network in the uppermost layer includes a Satellite cluster consisting of several geostationary orbit GEO satellites equipped with L TE Satellite network (Satellite-L TE, S-L TE hereinafter) air interfaces, one side of which is responsible for communication with the terrestrial user terminals (S-L TE terrestrial terminals) and one side of which is responsible for communication with the terrestrial base stations (Satellite-eNB), the number and orbital position of the GEO satellites in the cluster are determined by the terrestrial measurement and control stations in the terrestrial base stations on the basis of factors such as traffic, coverage requirements and antenna elevation, the GEO satellites are responsible for relaying the traffic data sent from the terrestrial base stations' S uplink stations, frequency converting the signals sent from the uplink stations into a transmit frequency (downlink frequency), amplifying the uplink frequency (receive frequency) and transmitting the uplink frequency (receive frequency) to the ground via a directional transmit antenna, the GEO satellites and the terrestrial base stations in the cluster maintain continuous communication, the terrestrial base stations monitor the satellites and distribute the data, and transmit the data with a stable link between the satellites, a band for identifying the content of the GEO satellites in the same GEO Satellite network, i.e. GEO Satellite-broadcast-multicast-based on factors such as the terrestrial Satellite-broadcast Satellite-broadcast.
The satellite-ground link uses a frequency shift forwarding mode (Ku-S) wave band to carry out signal transmission, an S-L TE air interface downlink utilizes an OFDMA technology to divide an available frequency band into a plurality of subcarriers and is insensitive to nonlinear distortion, a Resource structure time domain is divided according to slots, a frequency domain is divided according to RB (Resource Block ), and one RB consists of 12 adjacent subcarriers.
This architecture is a terrestrial-oriented service that conforms to the eMBMS standard. The MBMS-GW (MBMS gateway) is a logical entity whose main function is packet forwarding to the base station, and the broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC) is the MBMS service source and is also responsible for service announcement and multicast member related functions. The ground base station S-eNB is connected to a core network through an S1 interface, and is respectively an S-GW (S1-u linking service gateway), a P-GW (packet data network gateway) and an MME (S1-c linking mobility management entity). Multiple ground base stations may be interconnected via an X2 interface to support active mode traffic, which also applies to interference cancellation techniques and supports mobility within the coverage area of adjacent beams.
The specific method flow for the ground base station to collect the multicast service requirement of the user terminal from the core network, select a plurality of suitable satellites from the satellite cluster for the multicast service, and allocate the service of the user terminal to at least one satellite in the satellite cluster is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
step S201: and the ground base station collects CQI values sent by the user terminals in the same multicast group and calculates the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group.
Specifically, the ground base station collects CQI values from the user terminals in the same multicast group from the core network, and calculates the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group. For example, when the ground base station collects the multicast service requirement that 1000 ues need to receive the same video data from the core network, the CQI values of the 1000 ues are obtained.
Step S202: and the ground base station selects a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on corresponding longitudes in the satellite cluster as candidate satellites.
The ground base station collects data such as current service flow, coverage surface requirements, antenna elevation angles, current satellite parameters (including a single GEO satellite service threshold value) and the like of each satellite in the satellite cluster; and according to the collected satellite data, calculating and selecting a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on the corresponding longitude as candidate satellites, constructing a GEO satellite cluster network, and acquiring a network topology.
In addition, the ground base station can also send a test message to the selected candidate satellite to test whether the satellites in the cluster are all available, and further screen out the unavailable satellites.
The ground base station can also continuously track the orbit position of the satellite, telemeter various equipment parameters on the satellite, send remote control instructions after calculation processing, enable the satellite to keep a certain orbit positioning precision and antenna pointing precision, correct and maintain, and control the GEO satellite cluster network.
Step S203: and the ground base station determines at least one multicast satellite of the multicast group from the candidate satellites according to the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group and the number of the service terminals of each candidate satellite.
Specifically, the ground base station compares the total number of user terminals of the multicast group with the number of service terminals (i.e., service threshold) of a single candidate satellite (GEO satellite); if the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group is not more than the number of the service terminals of a single candidate satellite, the ground base station S-eNB selects a main GEO satellite in the candidate satellites to perform multicast service, and the rest GEO satellites are reserved; and if the total number of the current multicast users exceeds the service threshold of a single GEO satellite, starting the master GEO satellite and the standby GEO satellite as slave GEO satellites to perform multicast service.
Step S204: and the ground base station distributes the service of the multicast group user terminal to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle when the number of the multicast satellites is multiple.
In the case where there are a plurality of multicast satellites, the traffic of the master GEO satellite and the slave GEO satellite are equally distributed as much as possible. For example, if the service threshold of a single GEO satellite is 400, for the multicast group of the 1000 user terminals, the ground base station determines 3 multicast satellites of the multicast group, assigns 334 user terminals to the master GEO satellite of the multicast satellite, assigns 333 user terminals to one slave GEO satellite of the multicast satellite, and assigns 333 user terminals to another slave GEO satellite of the multicast satellite.
After the multicast service of the user terminal in the same multicast group is distributed to at least one multicast satellite in the satellite cluster by the ground base station, resource distribution is carried out on each multicast satellite; that is, the service multicast modes of the master GEO satellite and the slave GEO satellite are respectively calculated and correspondingly issued by the ground base station S-eNB. Specifically, a flowchart of a method for allocating resources of a multicast satellite according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following steps:
step S301: and the ground base station performs subgroup division on the user terminals according to CQI (channel quality index value) for the user terminals of the same multicast satellite to which the multicast service is distributed.
Specifically, for a multicast satellite in the satellite cluster, the ground base station performs sub-group division on user terminals of the multicast satellite according to CQIs of the user terminals allocated to the multicast satellite by the multicast service: and the user terminals with the same CQI value are divided into the same subgroup, the number of the subgroups is the same as the number of the CQI grades, and the same subgroup only contains the user terminals with one CQI grade.
Step S302: and the ground base station distributes MCS (modulation and coding scheme) service of corresponding level for each subgroup according to the CQI value of each subgroup user terminal.
Specifically, for each currently divided sub-group, the ground base station may allocate MCS services of corresponding levels to the sub-group according to the MCS service of the highest level supported by the CQI of the lowest level in the sub-group.
Step S303: and the ground base station calculates the resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the allocated minimum data rate of the MCS service of each level.
Specifically, resource allocation weight P of m-level MCS is introducedmThe weight is determined by the minimum data rate of the different levels of MCS. The ground base station calculates the weight of the minimum data rate of the m-level MCS in the total minimum data rate to obtain P according to the principle that the higher the MCS level is, the less the RB resources are needed and the lower the MCS level is, the more the RB resources are neededmAnd finally, judging whether the service level is available, if the service level is available, the weight value is valid, and if the service level is unavailable, the weight value is 0. The number of resources allocated to the sub-group to which the m-level MCS service is allocated is the total available resources multiplied by Pm. Where M is a natural number from 1 to M, and M is the highest level of MCS service allocated to the subgroup. The total minimum data rate mentioned above is the sum of the minimum data rates allocated to the respective levels of MCS services of the subgroup.
Step S304: and the ground base station respectively calculates the number of the Resource Blocks (RB) distributed to each subgroup of the user terminals according to the resource distribution weight of the MCS service distributed to each subgroup.
In this step, the ground base station calculates the number of resource blocks RB in one slot allocated to each sub-group of user terminals, respectively, according to the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each sub-group. Specifically, for each currently divided sub-group, the ground base station calculates the number of RBs allocated to the sub-group user terminal (the number of RBs allocated to the sub-group user terminal in one slot) by multiplying the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each sub-group by the total available resource number of the satellite (the total available RB number in one slot).
Step S305: the ground base station checks the calculated RB distribution result of each subgroup according to the set constraint condition; if the RB allocation result does not meet the constraint condition, jumping to step S310, and performing sub-group combination operation; if the RB allocation result satisfies the constraint condition, proceed to step S306.
In this step, the calculated RB allocation results of each sub-group are checked according to the set constraint conditions in order to verify the rationality of the allocation results for subsequent operations; if the constraint condition is not satisfied, jumping to step S310, and needing to perform subgroup division again, and performing resource allocation again.
The constraint condition may be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual conditions, for example, the constraint condition may include at least one of the following conditions:
1. when no user terminal is allocated to a certain level of MCS service, the number of resources corresponding to the MCS service of the level is 0;
2. when the user terminal is allocated to a certain level of MCS service, the number of resources corresponding to the MCS service of the level is taken from 1 to the total number of available resources;
3. the total number of the allocated resources is equal to the total number of the current available resources;
4. the number of resources corresponding to the MCS service allocated to each level is between 1 and the total number of available resources;
5. the same user terminal can be finally allocated to only one MCS service level;
6. a user terminal is assigned an MCS service level that cannot be higher than the highest MCS service level indicated by its CQI;
7. the rate of the MCS service of a certain level can not be smaller than the minimum data rate requested by the video application of the user in the level and is not larger than the maximum data rate requested by the video application of the user in the level.
Step S306: the ground base station calculates the user experience satisfaction degree of each subgroup; if the subgroup with the user experience satisfaction degree smaller than the set threshold exists, jumping to the step S310, and performing subgroup combination operation; if there is no subgroup with the user experience satisfaction degree smaller than the set threshold, continue to step S307.
Specifically, the user experience satisfaction, which is related to the rate of the MCS service of the level corresponding to the subgroup, the maximum achievable data rate of each user terminal corresponding to the MCS service of the level, and the maximum data rate requested by the video application of each user terminal, is determined by the user terminal with the worst service experience in the subgroup. The user experience satisfaction degree value is specifically the ratio of the rate of the MCS service of the level to the effective maximum rate; wherein, the effective maximum rate is defined as the smaller value of the achievable maximum data rate of the user terminal corresponding to the MCS service of the level and the maximum data rate requested by the video application of the user terminal; and only the value with the maximum effective maximum speed value is taken in the same subgroup for calculation to obtain the user experience satisfaction.
After calculating the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup, the ground base station compares the calculated user experience satisfaction with a set threshold respectively; if the subgroup with the user experience satisfaction degree smaller than the set threshold exists, jumping to the step S310, and performing subgroup combination operation; if there is no subgroup with the user experience satisfaction degree smaller than the set threshold, continue to step S307.
Step S307: and the ground base station sends the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal to the multicast satellite.
Specifically, if there is no subgroup with user experience satisfaction less than the set threshold, which indicates that the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup is better, the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal is sent to the multicast satellite, that is, a service multicast mode is sent to the satellite, and the satellite performs service multicast on the user terminal according to the resource allocation condition. Wherein the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal comprises: the current subgroup division condition of the user terminal, the level of MCS service allocated to each subgroup and the RB number.
Step S310: after the ground base station performs the sub-group combining operation, it jumps to step S302 to re-allocate MCS (modulation and coding scheme) services of corresponding levels to each sub-group, and continues with the steps below S302.
In this step, the ground base station performs a combining operation on the subgroups of adjacent CQI values.
In particular, the lowest level CQI subgroup does not participate in the subgroup combining until all user terminals are combined into one subgroup. Numbering the current subgroup, 1,2, …, q from low level to high level, respectively; here, q represents the current number of subgroups, and the numbers here represent numbers only, regardless of MCS service level. All current subgroups are renumbered after each merge. The following five conditions can be simultaneously satisfied when the sub-combination operation is performed:
1) the lowest level CQI subgroup does not participate in the subgroup combining until all users are combined into one subgroup.
2) The numbered adjacent subgroups are merged.
3) The sequence is from low to high.
4) Analyzing the current subgroup architecture, counting CQI values contained in each current subgroup, comparing the subgroups, and preferentially combining the subgroups with less CQI levels.
5) The merging operation is performed only once per execution of the step.
Based on the above method, a block diagram of an internal modular structure of a ground base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4, and includes: a subgroup division module 401, an MCS service allocation module 402, and a resource allocation module 403.
The subgroup division module 401 is configured to perform subgroup division on the user terminals allocated to the same multicast satellite for the multicast service according to CQI (channel quality indicator).
The MCS service allocating module 402 is configured to allocate a modulation and coding scheme MCS service of a corresponding level to each sub-group according to the CQI value of each current sub-group user terminal.
The resource allocation module 403 is configured to calculate a resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the minimum data rate of the MCS service of each level allocated by the MCS service allocation module 402; the number of Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to each sub-group is calculated based on the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each sub-group.
Further, a ground base station provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: a satisfaction detection module 404 and a sub-combination module 405.
The satisfaction detection module 404 is configured to calculate user experience satisfaction for each subgroup; and comparing the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup with a set threshold value, and outputting a comparison result.
The subgroup combining module 405 is configured to, when the comparison result output by the satisfaction detecting module 404 indicates that there is a subgroup whose user experience satisfaction is smaller than the set threshold, perform a combining operation on subgroups of adjacent CQI values, send a subgroup division result obtained by the combining operation to the MCS service allocating module, and allocate, by the MCS service allocating module, a modulation and coding scheme MCS service of a corresponding level to each subgroup after the combining operation again.
Further, a ground base station provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: constraint checking module 406.
The constraint condition checking module 406 is configured to check the calculated RB allocation result of each group of ues according to the set constraint condition, and output a check result.
The sub-group combining module 405 may be further configured to, when the check result output by the constraint condition checking module 406 does not satisfy the constraint condition, perform a combining operation on sub-groups of adjacent CQI values, send a sub-group division result obtained by the combining operation to the MCS service allocation module, and allocate, by the MCS service allocation module, a modulation and coding scheme MCS service of a corresponding level to each sub-group after the combining operation again;
accordingly, the satisfaction detecting module 404 is specifically configured to calculate the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup when the check result output by the constraint condition checking module satisfies the constraint condition; and comparing the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup with a set threshold value, and outputting a comparison result.
Further, a ground base station provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: satellite service distribution module 407.
The satellite service distribution module 407 is configured to collect CQI values sent from the user terminals in the same multicast group, and calculate the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group; selecting a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on corresponding longitudes in the satellite cluster as candidate satellites; determining at least one multicast satellite of the multicast group from the candidate satellites according to the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group and the number of the service terminals of each candidate satellite; and for the condition that the multicast satellite is multiple, distributing the service of the multicast group user terminal to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle.
The satellite service allocation module 407 further sends the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal to the multicast satellite when the comparison result output by the satisfaction detection module 404 indicates that there is no subgroup whose user experience satisfaction is less than the set threshold. Wherein the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal comprises: the current subgroup division condition of the user terminal, the level of MCS service allocated to each subgroup and the RB number.
The sub-grouping module 401 is specifically configured to, according to a service allocation result of the user terminal of the satellite service allocation module 407, perform sub-grouping on the user terminal according to a channel quality indicator CQI value, where the multicast service is allocated to the user terminal of the same multicast satellite in the satellite cluster.
The specific method for implementing the functions of the modules in the ground base station may refer to the method in each step in the flow shown in fig. 3, and is not described herein again.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the user terminals of the multicast group are divided into a plurality of subgroups according to the CQI of the user terminals, each multicast subgroup is regarded as a scheduling object of the logic multicast group, and MCS service is dynamically allocated according to the channel condition CQI of the user terminals, so that the mutual influence caused by different channel qualities is reduced; when Resource Block (RB) allocation is carried out, each subgroup can be abstracted into a unicast user, allocation weight is introduced to carry out RB dynamic allocation, and Resource allocation fairness is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the resource allocation algorithm is simple, and the method has the advantage of simple wireless resource management. The multicast method realizes the service that the satellite cluster supports the ground high-capacity video forward transmission, and can realize the seamless access of large-range multicast users including remote areas.
Further, constraint condition check is performed on the RB allocation result so as to ensure the reasonability of the allocation result and facilitate subsequent operation.
Further, the user experience satisfaction degree of the RB distribution result is checked, and the user experience can be better guaranteed.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the service of the multicast group user terminal is distributed to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle, thereby realizing service distribution and reducing the service pressure of a single satellite.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that various operations, methods, steps in the processes, acts, or solutions discussed in the present application may be alternated, modified, combined, or deleted. Further, various operations, methods, steps in the flows, which have been discussed in the present application, may be interchanged, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or eliminated. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the various operations, methods, procedures disclosed in the prior art and the present invention can also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for resource allocation for a multicast satellite, comprising:
for the user terminals which are distributed to the same multicast satellite by the multicast service, performing subgroup division on the user terminals according to a channel quality index CQI value;
distributing Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) service of corresponding level for each subgroup according to the CQI value of each subgroup user terminal;
calculating the resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the allocated minimum data rate of the MCS service of each level;
respectively calculating the number of Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to each subgroup according to the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each subgroup;
checking the calculated RB allocation results of the subgroups according to set constraint conditions;
if the constraint condition is not met, combining the subgroups of adjacent CQI values, and then recalculating the number of distributed RBs for each subgroup;
if the constraint conditions are met, calculating the user experience satisfaction degree of each subgroup; if a subgroup with user experience satisfaction smaller than a set threshold exists, combining the subgroups of adjacent CQI values; recalculating the number of RBs allocated for each subgroup;
wherein the user experience satisfaction of the sub-group is a ratio of a rate of the MCS service of the level corresponding to the sub-group to an effective maximum rate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein before the user terminals allocated to the same multicast satellite for multicast service are sub-grouped according to a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) value, the method further comprises:
collecting CQI values sent by user terminals in the same multicast group, and calculating the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group;
selecting a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on corresponding longitudes in the satellite cluster as candidate satellites;
determining at least one multicast satellite of the multicast group from the candidate satellites according to the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group and the number of the service terminals of each candidate satellite;
and for the condition that the multicast satellite is multiple, distributing the service of the multicast group user terminal to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising, after said calculating user experience satisfaction for each subgroup:
if the subgroup with the user experience satisfaction degree smaller than the set threshold value does not exist, the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal is sent to the satellite, and the satellite performs service multicast on the user terminal according to the resource allocation condition;
wherein the current resource allocation condition of the user terminal comprises: the current subgroup division condition of the user terminal, the level of MCS service allocated to each subgroup and the RB number.
4. A ground base station, comprising:
the subgroup division module is used for carrying out subgroup division on the user terminals according to the channel quality index CQI value for the user terminals which are distributed to the same multicast satellite by the multicast service;
the MCS service distribution module is used for distributing modulation coding mechanism MCS service of corresponding level for each subgroup according to the CQI value of each subgroup user terminal;
a resource allocation module, configured to calculate a resource allocation weight of the MCS service of each level according to the minimum data rate of the allocated MCS service of each level; respectively calculating the number of Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to each subgroup according to the resource allocation weight of the MCS service allocated to each subgroup;
a constraint condition checking module for checking the calculated RB allocation results of each group of user terminals according to the set constraint conditions and outputting the checking results;
the satisfaction degree detection module is used for calculating the user experience satisfaction degree of each subgroup when the check result output by the constraint condition check module meets the constraint condition; comparing the user experience satisfaction of each subgroup with a set threshold value, and outputting a comparison result;
a subgroup merging module, configured to, when the check result output by the constraint condition check module does not satisfy the constraint condition, perform a merging operation on subgroups of adjacent CQI values, send a subgroup division result obtained by the merging operation to the MCS service allocation module, and allocate, by the MCS service allocation module, a modulation and coding scheme MCS service of a corresponding level to each subgroup after the merging operation again; when the comparison result output by the satisfaction detection module is that a subgroup with user experience satisfaction smaller than a set threshold exists, combining the subgroups of adjacent CQI values, sending a subgroup division result obtained by the combining operation to the MCS service distribution module, and distributing the MCS service of a modulation and coding scheme at a corresponding level to each subgroup after the combining operation by the MCS service distribution module again;
wherein the user experience satisfaction of the sub-group is a ratio of a rate of the MCS service of the level corresponding to the sub-group to an effective maximum rate.
5. The ground base station of claim 4, further comprising:
the satellite service distribution module is used for collecting CQI values sent by user terminals in the same multicast group and calculating the total number of the user terminals in the multicast group; selecting a plurality of geostationary orbit satellites on corresponding longitudes in the satellite cluster as candidate satellites; determining at least one multicast satellite of the multicast group from the candidate satellites according to the total number of the user terminals of the multicast group and the number of the service terminals of each candidate satellite; and for the condition that the multicast satellite is multiple, distributing the service of the multicast group user terminal to each multicast satellite according to an equal distribution principle.
6. A satellite constellation-based communication system, comprising: satellite constellation, user terminal, and terrestrial base station according to any of claims 4-5.
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