CN110190898A - A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank - Google Patents
A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN110190898A CN110190898A CN201910471825.4A CN201910471825A CN110190898A CN 110190898 A CN110190898 A CN 110190898A CN 201910471825 A CN201910471825 A CN 201910471825A CN 110190898 A CN110190898 A CN 110190898A
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- subsurface buoy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank, control transmitting terminal is placed by the sea, transmitting terminal emits VLF electromagnetic wave signal using the transmitting antenna of vertical electric dipole subtype, is realized by seawater-Air Interface surface layer side wave and is propagated the remote face transboundary of control data.Subsurface buoy receiving end is located in seawater, use the vertical electric dipole sub-antenna that horizontal direction is omnidirectional as receiving antenna, effectively prevent that horizontal-doublet antenna is likely to occur after subsurface buoy array is disturbed by ocean current, the case where transmitting terminal is in suppressed direction appearance.Ensure that the unimpeded of communication control link.Receiving end antenna uses vertical electric dipole sub-antenna, not only make full use of subsurface buoy itself cable space, in turn avoid following due to receiving antenna simultaneously release device lay it is too deep caused by electromagnetic wave propagation path in the seawater increase, it ensure that electromagnetic field intensity at receiving antenna, ensure that the reliability of control link.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ocean engineering, marine environmental monitoring, underwater wireless technical field of telecommunications, are related to a kind of remote on the bank
The communication means of process control subsurface buoy utilizes the spy that very low frequency electromagnetic wave attenuation is small and electromagnetic wave can be propagated directly across ocean interface
Property, realize on the coast to long-range control that subsurface buoy is laid in ocean.
Background technique
Subsurface buoy is that observation obtains the important researching tool of long period Marine Sciences data and the important set of ocean observation net
At part, for national marine forecast, climatic prediction, prevent and reduce natural disasters, the Marine Environmental Securities such as national defense safety provide it is important
It ensures.With the foundation of the following national large ocean monitoring net and the increasing of hydrospace detection dynamics, a large amount of subsurface buoy will be answered
With, therefore convenience in these subsurface buoy use processes and safety are most important.Wherein the adjustment control of subsurface buoy position is direct
The safety of submerged buoy system itself is affected, how to be directly affected for its control signal for providing effective adjustment self-position latent
Target safety and service life.But influenced by marine environment complicated and changeable, mankind's activity and marine organisms, it is various at present
Solution all cannot neatly solve the problems, such as this.
In the retrieval of patent and pertinent literature, three retrieved altogether for the control adjustment of underwater subsurface buoy position
Patent.It is directed to automatically control, detects two China's patent: CN 106,828,783A, it is a kind of based on buoyancy-driven
Intelligence communicates submerged buoy system and CN 102,566,586A non-mechanical snorkeling buoy sink-float control system from lifting；About Manual machine
Tool control, detect only one China patent: CN 203,473,203U, shallow water type is without acoustic releaser subsurface buoy；For traditional
Acoustic releaser, detects two typical articles: 90-91 page of the phase of " communication power supply technology " 2017 the 6th, deep-sea release designs
With 6-11 pages of the phase of " marine technology " 1992 the 4th, acoustics is remotely controlled beacon release.According to the analysis to patent and document and now
There is the research of technology, the depth adjustment control of subsurface buoy is broadly divided into following several in seawater.
The first: autocontrol method.This is control program by setting before laying to submerged buoy system depth position
It sets and is adjusted.Wherein the release of subsurface buoy and depth adjustment are held by acoustic releaser and the control centre's two parts of itself respectively
Row.In system work process, subsurface buoy control system visits moving target around by subsurface buoy detection system mounted
It surveys, when being determined with moving target and entering preset range or poor sea situation, the control centre of system itself can be to operating device
Control instruction is issued, by balance floating body or underwater winch come percentage regulation.Its advantage is that: the adjustment of submerged buoy system depth is complete
It is controlled, high reliablity, is run relatively stable by itself.The disadvantage is that: the influence to environmental change and surrounding objects lacks early warning,
Corresponding reaction cannot be made in advance, the depth of subsurface buoy can not be adjusted and directly be carried out manual control；Simultaneously because system is still
Traditional acoustic releaser is so used, operating distance is closer, when discharging subsurface buoy, it is still desirable to it recycles ship and approaches release, by
Leading to subsurface buoy recovery position in action of ocean current, there are biggish uncertainties, it is likely that the subsurface buoy after leading to release is nearby returned
The ship of receipts destroys.And directly the release of depth and subsurface buoy cannot be controlled by manually.
Second: being discharged by non-acoustic mechanical release.This method is to recycle spine using the winch that ship fills
Hook catches on the recyclable device of subsurface buoy own reservation, and the subsurface buoy main body in shallow water is partially disengaged release with gravity anchor.Compared to biography
The acoustic releaser of system, system are free of acoustic releaser, and required overall power is lower, this facilitates subsurface buoy a longer period of time
Work.But due to needing the assistance of winch on ship, this also define its can only be carried out near subsurface buoy using, simultaneously as
Recycling spine hook is used to catch on the recyclable device in seabed, this is a huge challenge for reclaimer operation personnel.
The third: being discharged by conventional acoustic release.This method is that acoustics letter is transmitted by underwater acoustic channel
Number, the acoustic releaser that control subsurface buoy is carried is discharged.When discharging to submerged buoy system, operator needs in subsurface buoy
The deck unit for nearby laying corresponding acoustic releaser, the acoustic signal control issued in the seawater by energy converter on deck unit
The unlatching of acoustic releaser processed.This mode relative maturity is reliable, but remote acoustic releaser recycling oblique distance is substantially 5~10
Kilometer, and acoustic releaser is substantially all near submarine anchor system, and recycling ship needs to approach buoyage and is discharged.By
In the effect of ocean current, it is very common that the recovery position of subsurface buoy differs 1~2 kilometer with label placement, so release ship is very
It is likely located above the submerged buoy system of recycling so that subsurface buoy is damaged.
Analysis shows, existing various adjustment subsurface buoy positions or the technology and methods for discharging subsurface buoy do not rely on certainly above
The control system of body carries out position adjustment, is exactly that operating distance is close, needs to approach submerged buoy system and operated, these not only can be because
The damage for leading to submerged buoy system not in time for early warning, also generates certain threat easily in removal process to subsurface buoy.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems to be solved
In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank,
The means of communication that the lifting release of subsurface buoy in seawater can remotely be controlled on the coast, for replacing traditional acoustics release and mechanical
Release.
Technical solution
A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank, it is characterised in that: place control transmitting terminal by the sea, hair
Penetrate the electromagnetic wave signal that end is 3kHz~30kHz using the transmitting antenna tranmitting frequency range of vertical electric dipole subtype；Subsurface buoy connects
Receiving end is located in seawater, and using horizontal direction is the vertical electric dipole sub-antenna of omnidirectional as receiving antenna；The transmitting
The electromagnetic wave signal transmission rate of end transmitting is less than 100bps.
The transmitting terminal antenna can any cloth be placed on the region between 5~35m of height above sea level.
Beneficial effect
A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank proposed by the present invention places control transmitting terminal by the sea,
Transmitting terminal emits VLF electromagnetic wave signal using the transmitting antenna of vertical electric dipole subtype, passes through seawater-Air Interface surface layer
Side wave realize the remote face transboundary of control data propagated.Subsurface buoy receiving end is located in seawater, is using horizontal direction
The vertical electric dipole sub-antenna of omnidirectional as receiving antenna, effectively prevent that horizontal-doublet antenna is likely to occur latent
After mark array is disturbed by ocean current, the case where transmitting terminal is in suppressed direction appearance.Ensure that communication control link
It is unimpeded.Receiving end antenna uses vertical electric dipole sub-antenna, not only makes full use of subsurface buoy itself cable space, in turn avoids simultaneously
Due to receiving antenna follow release device lay it is too deep caused by electromagnetic wave propagation path in the seawater increase, ensure that reception
Electromagnetic field intensity at antenna ensures that the reliability of control link.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the critical defect of existing acoustic releaser release subsurface buoy can be overcome (closely to discharge, needing to bring to lays
Release device), a kind of communication mode of direct remote control subsurface buoy of convenience is provided, using the air of VLF electromagnetic wave
Middle side wave component will control signal and carry out at a distance face propagation transboundary, can be realized effective control of tens to hundred kilometers of ranks
System.
2, possibility is provided for artificial long-range control subsurface buoy state, while its requirement to system is simple, especially emits
End is placed by the sea, and deployment is flexibly, more convenient to use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: conventional acoustic releaser, mechanical release and subsurface buoy automatically control release and depthkeeping that fixing depth device realizes subsurface buoy
Method
Fig. 2: the communication mode remotely controlled marine subsurface buoy on the bank is realized using VLF electromagnetic wave
Fig. 3: tranmitting frequency 15kHz, electromagnetic field intensity is with control terminal on the bank when receiving and dispatching horizontal distance 50km, receiving depth 5m
The analogous diagram of height of transmitting antenna variation.
Fig. 4: electromagnetic field intensity when control terminal height of transmitting antenna 10m, transmitting-receiving horizontal distance 20km, reception depth 5m on the bank
With the emulation variation diagram of frequency
Specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with embodiment, attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
Idea of the invention is that using the stronger VLF electromagnetic wave of seawater penetration capacity as control signal carrier wave,
The long-range control to submerged buoy system is realized on the bank, is made up traditional underwater sound/machinery release with this, is automatically controlled subsurface buoy depthkeeping etc.
A series of mode disadvantages of bring at work.Wherein Fig. 1 presents the mode of existing three kinds of control/release subsurface buoy.
The embodiment of the present invention: control terminal height of transmitting antenna 10m on the bank receives and dispatches horizontal distance 20km, subsurface buoy control system
Receive depth 5m.The electromagnetic wave signal frequency transmitted in the control communication link used is very low frequency frequency, tranmitting frequency
15kHz.The subsurface buoy control system state of being executed is less, is relatively low, transmits to the transmission rate request of control signal
Rate is less than 100bps, therefore the bandwidth of signal can be set as 500Hz.The present invention is to make full use of space, promote control
The reliability of link, used receiving end antenna are vertical electric dipole sub-antenna.When using the present invention, guaranteeing communication efficiency
In the case where substantially constant, transmitting terminal antenna can any cloth be placed on the region between 5~35m of height above sea level.
Since the conductivity of seawater is very high, electromagnetic wave can generate huge decaying when directly propagating in the seawater, and decline
The amplitude and frequency subtracted is positively correlated.But the sky when electromagnetic wave is propagated in the layered medium of extra large water-air, near sea
It will form side propagation path in gas, substantially reduced compared to decaying when directly propagating in the seawater.Due to the present invention
Application environment is that subsurface buoy receiving end is located in seawater, and transmitting terminal is located in air on the bank, so the electromagnetic wave of transmitting terminal leans on sea
The side wave in face realizes long-distance communications, and the attenuation by absorption of seawater only show under water this received section apart from upper, so
Overall attenuation amount depends on the depth of subsurface buoy receiving end antenna, and this communication mode significantly reduces declining for entire transmission process
Subtract.Under such communication mode, electromagnetic field intensity at underwater subsurface buoy platform receiving point can by receiving antenna approximate depth,
The height approximate calculation of the relevant parameter and flat pad of horizontal distance, dual-mode antenna between two platforms obtains.By these
It is following that parameter substitutes into the water-air interface over strait electromagnetic field component being derived from by Maxwell equation group with conventional propagation constant
Simulation calculation is carried out in expression formula, and the electromagnetic field intensity in seawater at receiving point can be obtained:
Wherein E, H are electric and magnetic fields component, and z is receiving point depth, and horizontal distance of the ρ between transmitting-receiving point, φ is hair
The solid angle of antenna is penetrated, u0 is the function about propagation constant γ 0 and integration variable λ in air, and u1 is about in air
The function of propagation constant γ 1 and integration variable λ.
The transmitting antenna of control terminal uses vertical dipole antenna on the bank, in the horizontal direction omnidirectional radiation, without examining
Consider the relative position between subsurface buoy receiving end antenna and transmitting antenna, it is relatively simple when laying.The reception of subsurface buoy receiving end simultaneously
Antenna similarly uses vertical dipole antenna, places it in the connection cables of floating body and sensor array.This not only because
It can be received in the horizontal direction with omnidirectional for it, also can guarantee the validity of control data transmission when subsurface buoy array rotates；
Simultaneously also in that can make full use of the cable space for laying subsurface buoy using vertical dipole antenna, make receiving end closer to
Sea, reduces the path loss of electromagnetic transmission, to guarantee to control the unimpeded of link.
Obtain the field strength under different situations at underwater receiving end to prove feasibility of the invention according to formula simulation calculation.
Wherein attached drawing 3 is under identical environmental parameter, fixed transmission frequency, identical size transmitting antenna in height above sea level be 5~35m
When, the received field at identical receiving point is roughly the same by force.So the present invention is lower to the deployment request of transmitting antenna, using also more
Add conveniently.
In the case that attached drawing 4 describes fixed transmission frequency, transceiver location and identical environmental parameter, receiving point is with bank
The tranmitting frequency of upper control platform transmitting antenna changes, the change curve of field strength.To prove to be solved by this invention
In problem context, optimum transmitting frequency corresponding to receiving point field strength maximum is within the scope of very low frequency under the same terms.
The communication is close for the existing operating distance of the control of subsurface buoy in the prior art, it is artificial directly to carry out
Control, to the things early warning of subsurface buoy inherently safe is endangered not in time the technical issues of, use VLF electromagnetic wave as propagate letter
The carrier wave of breath, considerably increases operating distance；Control platform reads surrounding ship feelings near ocean early warning report and subsurface buoy simultaneously
Condition, with guarantee the timely dive of subsurface buoy or float simultaneously during release around do not have barrier, itself is not damaged.
The some possible application scenes of the present invention also include: to position to near-shore underwater unmanned vehicles and wireless remote
Control；Control to remote seabed base station.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank, it is characterised in that: control transmitting terminal is placed transmitting by the sea
The electromagnetic wave signal that end is 3kHz~30kHz using the transmitting antenna tranmitting frequency range of vertical electric dipole subtype；Subsurface buoy receives
End is located in seawater, and using horizontal direction is the vertical electric dipole sub-antenna of omnidirectional as receiving antenna；The transmitting terminal
The electromagnetic wave signal transmission rate of transmitting is less than 100bps.
2. remotely controlling the communication means of subsurface buoy on the bank according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transmitting terminal antenna can
The region between 5~35m of height above sea level is placed on any cloth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910471825.4A CN110190898A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910471825.4A CN110190898A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank |
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| CN110190898A true CN110190898A (en) | 2019-08-30 |
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| CN201910471825.4A Pending CN110190898A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | A kind of communication means of control subsurface buoy long-range on the bank |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112635979A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-04-09 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Method and device for confirming double-radiator structure parameters of underwater receiving antenna |
| CN113252406A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-13 | 中国极地研究中心 | Multilayer water sampling method and water sampling device |
| CN115100841A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-09-23 | 西北工业大学 | Seabed preset unmanned system remote activation method based on electromagnetic waves |
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| WO2006072357A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-13 | Atlas Elektronik Gmbh | Method for the transmission of messages |
| CN101730977A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2010-06-09 | Kjt企业有限公司 | Marine electromagnetic signal acquisition system based on buoy |
| CN103091718A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究院 | Method of using extremely low frequency marine electromagnetic method to conduct marine oil and gas resources exploration |
| CN104618032A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-05-13 | 西北工业大学 | Electromagnetic wave transmission system crossing seawater-air interface and method thereof |
| CN104833860A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-08-12 | 西北工业大学 | Method for acquiring electromagnetic field of electromagnetic wave through interface between sea and air |
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2019
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006072357A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-13 | Atlas Elektronik Gmbh | Method for the transmission of messages |
| CN101730977A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2010-06-09 | Kjt企业有限公司 | Marine electromagnetic signal acquisition system based on buoy |
| CN103091718A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究院 | Method of using extremely low frequency marine electromagnetic method to conduct marine oil and gas resources exploration |
| CN104618032A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-05-13 | 西北工业大学 | Electromagnetic wave transmission system crossing seawater-air interface and method thereof |
| CN104833860A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-08-12 | 西北工业大学 | Method for acquiring electromagnetic field of electromagnetic wave through interface between sea and air |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112635979A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-04-09 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Method and device for confirming double-radiator structure parameters of underwater receiving antenna |
| CN112635979B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-05-11 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Method and device for confirming double-radiator structure parameters of underwater receiving antenna |
| CN113252406A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-13 | 中国极地研究中心 | Multilayer water sampling method and water sampling device |
| CN115100841A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-09-23 | 西北工业大学 | Seabed preset unmanned system remote activation method based on electromagnetic waves |
| CN115100841B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-12-22 | 西北工业大学 | Remote activation method of seabed preset unmanned system based on electromagnetic waves |
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Application publication date: 20190830 |