CN110186287B - High-temperature slag waste heat utilization method and system - Google Patents
High-temperature slag waste heat utilization method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110186287B CN110186287B CN201910459146.5A CN201910459146A CN110186287B CN 110186287 B CN110186287 B CN 110186287B CN 201910459146 A CN201910459146 A CN 201910459146A CN 110186287 B CN110186287 B CN 110186287B
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for utilizing waste heat of high-temperature slag, which have the advantages of high waste heat utilization rate, simple and reliable equipment structure and simple and convenient process control, and make up the defects of difficult waste heat utilization caused by poor heat conductivity of certain high-temperature slag, such as magnesium metal reducing slag and calcium metal reducing slag. The method for utilizing the high-temperature slag waste heat comprises the steps of extracting sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag by using a working medium, conveying the extracted waste heat to a heat utilization unit for utilization, wherein the high-temperature slag is insoluble or slightly soluble in the working medium or a heat extraction medium, and the method for extracting the sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag by using the working medium is a direct extraction method or an indirect extraction method. The high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag bin, a heat extraction bin, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank; the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is connected with the heat extraction bin, a high-pressure working medium inlet of the heat extraction bin is connected with the working medium storage pool, a slag discharge port at the bottom of the heat extraction bin is connected with the sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the working medium storage pool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for utilizing high-temperature slag waste heat, and belongs to the technical field of chemical waste heat recycling.
Background
High-temperature slag, reducing slag and the like discharged by the metallurgy and energy industries such as thermal power plant boilers, iron-making blast furnaces, silicothermic reduction of metal magnesium, aluminothermic reduction of metal calcium and the like have the highest temperature of 1600 ℃, carry a large amount of sensible heat, and cause extreme waste of energy if the waste heat is not recycled or is not properly recycled. Taking the silicothermic reduction of magnesium metal as an example, for every 1 ton of magnesium metal produced, about 5.5 tons of reduced magnesium slag are produced, leaving the reduction tank at a temperature of about 1200 ℃. And calculating by professor Chengjinqing of Jiangxi Ringchang university, and in the temperature range of 1200-25 ℃, the specific heat capacity of the reduced magnesium slag is about 871J/kg, namely, the reduced magnesium slag generated by producing 1 ton of metal magnesium is cooled from 1200 ℃ to 25 ℃, and the released sensible heat is equivalent to the heat released by burning about 192.5kg of standard coal. The annual yield of magnesium smelting by a silicothermic method in China is calculated according to 90 ten thousand tons at present, the utilization rate of the waste heat of the reduced magnesium slag is calculated according to 60%, the recovered waste heat is equivalent to the heat released by burning about 10.5 ten thousand tons of standard coal, and meanwhile, the emission of harmful substances such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, dust and the like is reduced, so that the method has great economic value and great social and environmental protection values.
At present, in the industry, for the treatment of the reduced magnesium slag, one is to utilize cooling water to spray and cool the hot reduced magnesium slag through a slag cooler and generate a small amount of hot water and steam at the same time. The slag cooler has the disadvantages that the slag cooler belongs to a semi-open motion type system, the sealing of the system is difficult to realize, the hot water separation and the collection of water vapor are difficult to realize, and the available value is not high. The other is through a waste heat boiler, and the defects are that the device is static heat transfer, the heat transfer efficiency is low, and the processing capacity is limited. The third is a tubular heat exchanger, which utilizes gravity to lead the reduced magnesium slag to fall from top to bottom, and the reduced magnesium slag passes through the tubular heat exchanger to heat working medium water in the heat exchanger in the falling process.
To thermal power factory high temperature sediment, one kind is through the cooling slag of recirculated cooling water cooling, and the recirculated water goes into the cooling tower with the sediment surplus heat and discharges into the atmosphere, though solved the quick refrigerated problem of sediment, nevertheless, the sediment heat can not effectively be utilized, influences boiler thermal efficiency, and the front of a business over for the business of recirculated water also causes the waste of water resource to a certain extent moreover, also causes thermal pollution to the environment simultaneously. The second is to adopt a fluidized bed slag cooler, after high-temperature slag is cooled by a fluidizing agent (air or low-temperature flue gas), the low-temperature slag is discharged into a slag removal system, and the heated fluidizing agent carries a small amount of fine particles and is sent back to the hearth by an air return pipe.
Blast furnace slag is liquid when high temperature, and in the sensible heat release process, gradually cools down, can take place phase transition, solidification, if directly carry out heat recovery through the heat exchanger, can solidify, adhere to the heat exchanger on, so often through granulation in advance in order to obtain solid-state granule or thin slice earlier, carry out waste heat recovery. The typical process for sensible heat recovery of iron smelting blast furnace slag is introduced in 'blast furnace slag dry sensible heat recovery technology research progress' by Xuyongtong, etc. of the process engineering research institute of Chinese academy of sciences: several typical blast furnace slag sensible heat recovery processes, such as a cooling drum method slag flake solidification process, a continuous casting and rolling method slag flat solidification process, a mechanical stirring method slag granulation process, a rotating drum method slag granulation process, a Merotec slag granulation process, a wind-breaking method blast furnace slag sensible heat recovery process, a rotating cup granulation slag sensible heat recovery process and the like, have respective defects. For example, the waste heat recovery system is complex, the process is complex and difficult to control, and the like. By utilizing the high-temperature slag granulation process, a part of sensible heat and phase change heat from liquid to solid are dissipated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides the method and the system for utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature slag, the method and the system have high waste heat utilization rate, simple and reliable equipment structure and simple and convenient process control, and make up the defects of difficult waste heat utilization caused by poor heat conductivity of certain high-temperature slag, such as magnesium metal reducing slag and calcium metal reducing slag.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for utilizing waste heat of high-temperature slag is characterized in that sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag is extracted by using a working medium, and the extracted waste heat is conveyed to a heat utilization unit for utilization, and comprises the following steps:
1) primarily cooling high-temperature slag from the high-temperature slag bin by using a cooling water jacket at a slag feeding port;
2) the primarily cooled high-temperature slag enters the heat extraction bin and is mixed with the working medium or the heat extraction medium in the heat extraction bin, the high-temperature slag and the working medium or the heat extraction medium are subjected to heat exchange, heat absorbed by the working medium or the heat extraction medium is transmitted to a heat utilization unit for utilization, the high-temperature slag is cooled to be low-temperature slag, and the working medium or the heat extraction medium is recycled;
3) performing two-stage or multi-stage precipitation separation on the low-temperature slag after heat exchange and a working medium, discharging the low-temperature slag, feeding the working medium into a working medium storage tank, and pumping the working medium into a heat extraction bin for next heat extraction;
4) preheating is carried out before the working medium enters the heat extraction bin, and the preheating is realized through the working medium generated by the first-stage separation and the second-stage separation after the heat exchange in the step 3).
The high-temperature slag is insoluble or slightly soluble in the working medium or the extraction heat medium, and the contact of the working medium or the extraction heat medium and the slag does not influence the subsequent use of the slag, so that the separation of the extraction heat medium or the working medium and the slag is easy to realize.
The method for extracting the sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag by the working medium is a direct extraction method or an indirect extraction method.
The direct extraction method is characterized in that a working medium is directly contacted with high-temperature slag, the heat in the extracted high-temperature slag is balanced to the temperature, and the waste heat recovery of the high-temperature slag is realized, and the process route comprises but is not limited to the following working procedures: mixing and heat extraction of working medium and high-temperature slag, separation of the working medium and the slag, circulation of the working medium, discharge of the slag and preheating of the working medium.
The indirect extraction method is characterized in that sensible heat carried by high-temperature slag is extracted by contacting a working medium with the high-temperature slag, and the high-temperature working medium is used for preheating the extraction heating medium, so that the waste heat recovery of the high-temperature slag is realized; the process route includes, but is not limited to, the following sequential steps:
mixing extraction heat of working medium and high-temperature slag, heat exchange of heated working medium and medium, circulation of extraction heat medium, separation of extraction heat medium and working medium, slag discharge, preheating of working medium and preheating of extraction heat medium.
The extraction heating medium is water.
A high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag bin, a heat extraction bin, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank; the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is provided with a slag feeding port, the slag feeding port is connected with a slag inlet of the heat extraction bin, the upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet, the high-pressure working medium inlet is connected with a working medium storage pool, the bottom of the heat extraction bin is provided with a slag discharging port, the slag discharging port is connected with a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the working medium storage pool; the slag discharging port is provided with a slag discharging device;
the high-temperature slag bin is built by refractory materials, a slag feeder is arranged in the slag feeding port, a cooling water jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the slag feeding port, and circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jacket;
the heat extraction bin is internally provided with heat extraction medium or working medium of high-temperature slag waste heat, and the heat extraction medium or working medium after waste heat recovery is led to a heat utilization unit;
the sedimentation tank is a one-stage or multi-stage sedimentation tank, a cold slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, an overflow port is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank;
the upper part of the working medium storage pool is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet which is connected with the heat extraction bin through a working medium output pipeline and a high-pressure pump, and the working medium storage pool is also provided with a working medium supplement pipeline.
Preferably, the heat extraction bin comprises a top slag inlet, a main heat exchanger positioned at the lower part of the slag inlet, a high-pressure working medium inlet, a heat extraction area positioned at the lower part and a bottom slag outlet, the main heat exchanger comprises a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet, the circulating water inlet is connected with a cooling water outlet, the circulating water outlet is connected with a heat unit, one or more high-pressure working medium inlets are arranged at the upper part of the heat extraction bin, and the high-pressure working medium inlet is arranged at the upper part of the main heat exchanger; the lower part of the cooling water jacket is provided with a cooling water inlet, the upper part of the cooling water jacket is provided with a cooling water outlet, and the cooling water inlet is connected with a water storage tank through a high-pressure water pump; the hot water inlet of the heat utilization unit is connected with a circulating water outlet, the cold water outlet is connected with a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is also provided with a water replenishing pipe.
Preferably, the heat extraction bin comprises a top slag inlet, a steam area located at the upper part, a steam outlet, a slag baffle and a heat extraction area located at the lower part, the top of the heat extraction bin is provided with a slag inlet, the slag inlet is provided with a slag inlet pipe, the upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with a steam outlet, the steam area at the upper part of the heat extraction bin is internally provided with the slag baffle, the slag baffle is located between the slag inlet pipe outlet and the steam outlet, the upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with one or more high-pressure working medium inlets, the high-pressure working medium inlets are arranged at the upper part of the slag inlet pipe outlet, the high-pressure working medium inlets are provided with high-pressure spray nozzles, and the slag discharge port at the bottom; the hot inlet of the heat utilization unit is connected with the steam outlet, and the cold outlet is connected with the working medium storage pool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes the high-temperature slag waste heat by adopting a heat extraction method, wherein the heat extraction method is a method for extracting sensible heat carried by high-temperature slag by using a working medium and conveying the extracted waste heat to a heat utilization unit for utilization, and the heat extraction is an operation of extracting the heat of the high-temperature slag by using the working medium or other media. The sensible heat carried in the working medium or the extraction heat medium is extracted by directly contacting the working medium or the extraction heat medium with the high-temperature slag, so that the problem of low preheating recovery efficiency caused by poor slag heat conductivity is solved; and the problems of phase change heat waste caused by high-temperature slag granulation and incapability of effectively recovering heat due to non-granulation are solved. The recovery and utilization efficiency of sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a direct heat extraction process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat recycling system by a direct heat extraction method.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an indirect heat extraction process.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat recycling system by an indirect heat extraction method.
In the figure, a high-temperature slag bin 1, a slag feeding port 2, a heat extraction bin 3, a primary sedimentation tank 4, a working medium storage tank 5, a slag feeding device 6, a slag inlet 7, a steam outlet 8, a high-pressure working medium inlet 9, a slag discharge port 10, a heat utilization unit 11, a cold working medium outlet 12, a working medium storage tank 13, a slag discharge device 14, a secondary sedimentation tank 15, a steam area 16, a slag baffle 17, a heat extraction area 18, a slag inlet pipe 19, a cold slag outlet 22, a working medium output pipeline 23, a high-pressure pump 24, a working medium supplement pipeline 25, a filtering device 26, a temperature measuring device 27, a heat exchanger 28, a cooling water jacket 29, a cooling water inlet 291, a cooling water outlet 292, a pressure sensor 31, a pressure relief valve 32, a high-pressure water pump 40, a water storage tank 41, a main heat exchanger 42, a circulating water inlet 421, a circulating water outlet 422, a water.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures:
the heat extraction method is that heat extraction medium or working medium is directly contacted with high-temperature slag, after sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag is extracted, the heat extraction medium or working medium is separated from the cooled slag, and the working medium is heated by the heated heat extraction medium or the directly heated working medium enters a heat utilization unit.
1. The invention relates to a method for utilizing waste heat of high-temperature slag, which uses working medium to extract sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag, and the extracted waste heat is conveyed to a heat utilization unit for utilization, and comprises the following steps:
1) primarily cooling high-temperature slag from the high-temperature slag bin by using a cooling water jacket at a slag feeding port;
2) the primarily cooled high-temperature slag enters the heat extraction bin and is mixed with the working medium or the heat extraction medium in the heat extraction bin, the high-temperature slag and the working medium or the heat extraction medium are subjected to heat exchange, heat absorbed by the working medium or the heat extraction medium is transmitted to a heat utilization unit for utilization, the high-temperature slag is cooled to be low-temperature slag, and the working medium or the heat extraction medium is recycled;
3) performing two-stage or multi-stage precipitation separation on the low-temperature slag after heat exchange and a working medium, discharging the low-temperature slag, feeding the working medium into a working medium storage tank, and pumping the working medium into a heat extraction bin for next heat extraction;
4) preheating is carried out before the working medium enters the heat extraction bin, and the preheating is realized through the working medium generated by the first-stage separation and the second-stage separation after the heat exchange in the step 3).
The high-temperature slag is insoluble or slightly soluble in the working medium or the extraction heat medium, and the contact of the working medium or the extraction heat medium and the slag does not influence the subsequent use of the slag, so that the separation of the extraction heat medium or the working medium and the slag is easy to realize.
The method for extracting the sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag by the working medium is a direct extraction method or an indirect extraction method.
The direct extraction method is characterized in that a working medium directly contacts with high-temperature slag, the heat in the extracted high-temperature slag is balanced in temperature, and after the working medium and the high-temperature slag are separated, the heated working medium enters a heat utilization unit through a working medium circulating system to supply heat. The method realizes the recovery of the waste heat of the high-temperature slag, and the process route comprises but is not limited to the following working procedures: mixing and heat extraction of working medium and high-temperature slag, separation of the working medium and the slag, circulation of the working medium, discharge of the slag and preheating of the working medium.
The indirect extraction method is characterized in that sensible heat carried by high-temperature slag is extracted by contacting the working medium with the high-temperature slag, the extraction heat medium is preheated by utilizing the high-temperature working medium, and the heated extraction heat medium enters a heat utilization unit through a working medium circulating system to supply heat. The waste heat recovery of the high-temperature slag is realized; the process route includes, but is not limited to, the following sequential steps:
mixing extraction heat of working medium and high-temperature slag, heat exchange of heated working medium and medium, circulation of extraction heat medium, separation of extraction heat medium and working medium, slag discharge, preheating of working medium and preheating of extraction heat medium.
The extraction heating medium is water.
2. A high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag bin, a heat extraction bin, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank; the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is provided with a slag feeding port, the slag feeding port is connected with a slag inlet of the heat extraction bin, the upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet, the high-pressure working medium inlet is connected with a working medium storage pool, the bottom of the heat extraction bin is provided with a slag discharging port, the slag discharging port is connected with a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the working medium storage pool; the slag discharging port is provided with a slag discharging device;
the high-temperature slag bin is built by refractory materials, a slag feeder is arranged in the slag feeding port, a cooling water jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the slag feeding port, and circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jacket;
the heat extraction bin is internally provided with heat extraction medium or working medium of high-temperature slag waste heat, and the heat extraction medium or working medium after waste heat recovery is led to a heat utilization unit;
the sedimentation tank is a one-stage or multi-stage sedimentation tank, a cold slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, an overflow port is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank;
the upper part of the working medium storage pool is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet which is connected with the heat extraction bin through a working medium output pipeline and a high-pressure pump, and the working medium storage pool is also provided with a working medium supplement pipeline.
3. In the high-temperature slag waste heat recycling system with indirect heat extraction,
a high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag bin 1, a heat extraction bin 3, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank 5;
the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is provided with a slag feeding port 2, the slag feeding port 2 is connected with a slag inlet 7 of the heat extraction bin, the upper part of the heat extraction bin 3 is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet 9, the high-pressure working medium inlet 9 is connected with a working medium storage pool 5, the bottom of the heat extraction bin 3 is provided with a slag discharging port 10, the slag discharging port 10 is connected with a sedimentation pool, and the sedimentation pool is connected with the working medium storage pool 5;
the high-temperature slag bin 1 is built by refractory materials, a slag feeder 6 is arranged in the slag feeding port 2, a cooling water jacket 29 is arranged on the outer wall of the slag feeding port 2, circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jacket, a cooling water inlet 291 is arranged at the lower part of the cooling water jacket 29, a cooling water outlet 292 is arranged at the upper part of the cooling water jacket, and the cooling water inlet 291 is connected with a water storage tank 41 through a high-pressure water pump 40;
the heat extraction bin 3 comprises a top slag inlet 7, a main heat exchanger 42 positioned at the lower part of the slag inlet 7, a high-pressure working medium inlet 9, a heat extraction area 18 positioned at the lower part and a bottom slag discharge port 10, wherein the main heat exchanger 42 comprises a circulating water inlet 421 and a circulating water outlet 422, the circulating water inlet 421 is connected with a cooling water outlet 292, the circulating water outlet 422 is connected with a heat unit 11, one or more high-pressure working medium inlets 9 are arranged at the upper part of the heat extraction bin 3, and the high-pressure working medium inlet 9 is arranged at the upper part of the main heat exchanger 42; the slag discharging port 10 is provided with a slag discharging device 14; the slag extractor is connected with a slag outlet at the lower part of the heat extraction bin, and is used for realizing sealing and pressure maintaining of the heat extraction bin while discharging slag.
The upper part of the working medium storage pool 5 is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet 9 which is connected with the heat extraction bin 3 through a working medium output pipeline 23 and a high-pressure pump 24, and the working medium storage pool 5 is also provided with a working medium supplement pipeline 25;
the working medium storage pool has the functions that: 1) the method comprises the steps of (1) storage of a supplementary working medium, 2) storage of a backflow working medium, 3) recovery and storage of a clarified working medium separated by a sedimentation tank, and 4) supply of a cold working medium to a heat extraction bin through a high-pressure pump and a pumping pipeline.
The working medium output pipeline 23 is also provided with a filtering device 26, so that a small amount of impurities in the working medium storage tank 13 are prevented from entering the high-pressure pump to cause blockage or damage, and smooth production is influenced.
The heat utilization unit 11 is a steam turbine and a heating radiator.
The hot water inlet of the heat utilization unit 11 is connected with a circulating water outlet 422, the cold water outlet is connected with a water storage tank 41, and the water storage tank is also provided with a water replenishing pipe 44.
The top of the heat extraction bin 3 is also provided with a pressure sensor 31 and a pressure relief safety valve 32.
The sedimentation tank is a one-stage or multi-stage sedimentation tank, a cold slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, an overflow port is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank;
3.1 when the sedimentation tank is a multi-stage sedimentation tank connected in series, the function is to precipitate and separate the mixture of the slag discharged from the heat extraction bin and the working medium. A cold slag outlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank; the primary sedimentation tank 4 is connected with a slag discharge port 10 of a heat extraction bin, the top of the primary sedimentation tank 4 is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank 15, the top of the secondary sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow port connected with the next primary sedimentation tank, and the overflow port of the last primary sedimentation tank is connected with a working medium storage tank 13;
and a heat exchanger 18 is further arranged in the primary sedimentation tank, and the heat exchanger 28 is connected with a pipeline of a cooling water inlet 291 and used for preheating cooling water.
The high-temperature slag is transported and stored in a high-temperature slag bin, enters a heat extraction bin through a slag feeder, falls below the liquid level of a working medium 50 in the bin, and releases heat to the working medium 50 to increase the temperature of the working medium. The reducing slag after heat release sinks to the position of a slag outlet below the heat extraction bin to realize the primary separation of slag and working medium, and enters a primary sedimentation tank below through a slag discharger to perform secondary separation of slag 52 and the working medium 50; the working medium subjected to primary precipitation separation enters a secondary sedimentation tank from an overflow port above the primary sedimentation tank to perform tertiary separation … … of slag and the working medium until the working medium is clarified, and flows back to the heat extraction bin through a working medium output pipeline 23 and a high-pressure pump 24 to continuously participate in heat extraction.
The medium water in the water storage tank is preheated by a preheating heat exchanger, a water jacket and the like through a high-pressure water pump, then enters a main heat exchanger in a heat extraction bin, is heated by a working medium after heat extraction to become hot water or water vapor which reaches a working state, and enters a heat utilization unit for heat supply through a circulating pipeline. The heat extraction medium water obtained by cooling or condensing after heat supply flows back to the water storage tank through a pipeline.
3.2 when the sedimentation tank is a first-stage sedimentation tank,
the sedimentation tank is a primary sedimentation tank, the primary sedimentation tank 4 is connected with a slag discharge port 10 of the heat extraction bin, the bottom of the primary sedimentation tank 4 is provided with a cold slag outlet 22, the top of the primary sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank 13;
the sedimentation tank is also internally provided with a heat exchanger 18, and the heat exchanger 28 is connected with a pipeline of a cooling water inlet 291 and used for preheating cooling water.
4. In the direct heat extraction high-temperature slag waste heat recycling system,
a high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature slag bin 1, a heat extraction bin 3, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank 5;
the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is provided with a slag feeding port 2, the slag feeding port 2 is connected with a slag inlet 7 of the heat extraction bin, the upper part of the heat extraction bin 3 is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet 9, the high-pressure working medium inlet 9 is connected with a working medium storage pool 5, the bottom of the heat extraction bin 3 is provided with a slag discharging port 10, the slag discharging port 10 is connected with a sedimentation pool, and the sedimentation pool is connected with the working medium storage pool 5;
the high-temperature slag bin 1 is built by refractory materials, failure caused by high temperature of slag in the bin is avoided, and loss of sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag in the bin can be prevented. The method has the advantages that the high-temperature slag transported from the slag source is stored, and the working sustainability of the whole system is guaranteed.
A slag feeder 6 is arranged in the slag feeding port 2, a cooling water jacket 29 is arranged on the outer wall of the slag feeding port 2, and circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jacket; the slag feeder is connected with a slag inlet at the upper part of the heat extraction bin and is used for ensuring that high-temperature slag in the slag bin continuously and uniformly enters the heat extraction bin, and meanwhile, the heat extraction bin can be sealed, so that the leakage of steam generated in the heat extraction bin is prevented.
The heat extraction bin 3 comprises working areas and components such as a top slag inlet 7, a steam area 16 positioned at the upper part, a steam outlet 8, a slag baffle 17, a heat extraction area 18 positioned at the lower part and the like, and is a place where working media and high-temperature slag perform heat extraction reaction and generate steam. The slag inlet 7 is provided with a slag inlet pipe 19, the upper part of the heat extraction bin 3 is provided with a steam outlet 8, a slag baffle 17 is arranged in a steam area on the upper part of the heat extraction bin, the slag baffle 17 is positioned between an outlet of the slag inlet pipe 19 and the steam outlet, and the slag baffle plays a role in blocking flying slag generated by raising dust at the slag inlet, so that steam is purified, and the steam is prevented from carrying slag. The upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with one to a plurality of high-pressure working medium inlets, the high-pressure working medium inlets are arranged at the upper part of the outlet of the slag inlet pipe 19, the high-pressure working medium inlets 9 are provided with high-pressure nozzles, and a slag discharging port 10 at the bottom of the heat extraction bin 3 is provided with a slag discharger 14; the slag extractor is connected with a slag outlet at the lower part of the heat extraction bin, and is used for realizing sealing and pressure maintaining of the heat extraction bin while discharging slag.
The heat utilization unit 11 is a steam turbine and a heating radiator. The hot inlet of the heat utilization unit 11 is connected with the steam outlet, and the cold outlet is connected with the working medium storage pool 13.
The upper part of the working medium storage tank 13 is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet 20 which is connected with the heat extraction bin 3 through a working medium output pipeline 23 and a high-pressure pump 24, and the working medium storage tank 13 is also provided with a working medium supplement pipeline 25.
And the outer walls of the slag feeding port and the slag inlet are also provided with cooling water jackets 29, and circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jackets.
The slag baffle 17 is of a single-layer or multi-layer screen structure, and when a multi-layer structure is adopted, staggered hole structures are adopted among layers.
The top of the heat extraction bin 3 is also provided with a pressure sensor 31 and a pressure relief safety valve 32.
The sedimentation tank is a one-stage or multi-stage sedimentation tank, the bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with a cold slag outlet, the top of the sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank 13;
4.1 when the sedimentation tank is a multi-stage sedimentation tank connected in series,
a cold slag outlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank; the primary sedimentation tank 4 is connected with a slag discharge port 10 of a heat extraction bin, the top of the primary sedimentation tank 4 is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank 15, the top of the secondary sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow port connected with the next primary sedimentation tank, and the overflow port of the last primary sedimentation tank is connected with a working medium storage tank 13;
And a heat exchanger 28 is also arranged in the primary sedimentation tank, is connected with a working medium output pipeline and carries out preheating treatment on the working medium so as to further improve the utilization efficiency of sensible heat of the high-temperature slag.
The process route of the high-temperature slag is as follows: the high-temperature reducing slag is transported and then stored in a high-temperature slag bin, is sent into a heat extraction bin through a slag feeder below the slag bin and falls below the liquid level in the bin, and exchanges heat with working media in the bin to enable the working media to be heated and gasified to form working medium steam. The slag after heat release is settled to the position of a slag outlet below the heat extraction bin under the action of gravity, so that the primary separation of the slag and the working medium is realized, and the slag enters a primary sedimentation tank below through a slag discharger to perform secondary separation of the slag and the working medium. The working medium subjected to primary precipitation separation enters a secondary sedimentation tank from an overflow port above the primary sedimentation tank to carry out tertiary separation … … of slag and the working medium until the working medium is clarified to a storage tank.
The process route of the working medium is as follows: and the clarifying working medium storage tank simultaneously collects the reflux working medium after steam is condensed, the precipitate recovery working medium and the working medium for supplementing system loss. Working media in the clarified working medium storage pool enter the heat extraction bin through a high-pressure pump, the working media consumed by gasification and slag discharge in the heat extraction bin are supplemented through a spraying system, and meanwhile, dust at a slag inlet is sprayed and reduced; the heated and gasified working medium steam enters a heat consumption unit through a steam outlet and a gas supply pipeline, and after heat release and condensation, the working medium steam flows back through a return pipeline and enters a clarified working medium storage pool.
4.2 when the sedimentation tank is a first-stage sedimentation tank,
the primary sedimentation tank is connected with a slag discharge port 10 of the heat extraction bin, the bottom of the primary sedimentation tank is provided with a cold slag outlet 22, the top of the primary sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank 13;
And a heat exchanger 28 is also arranged in the primary sedimentation tank, is connected with a working medium output pipeline and carries out preheating treatment on the working medium so as to further improve the utilization efficiency of sensible heat of the high-temperature slag.
The system is suitable for but not limited to the preparation of magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron by a thermal reduction method and the recovery of sensible heat carried by high-temperature waste slag such as powdery or fine-grained slag, reducing slag and the like in other industrial production processes, can improve the energy utilization efficiency, can reduce thermal pollution, indirectly reduces the emission of waste gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and the like, and has good social and economic values and environmental values.
While the foregoing shows and describes the principles of the invention, together with the general features and advantages thereof, the same is to be understood more fully and specifically as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later, and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for utilizing the high-temperature slag waste heat is characterized in that a working medium is used for extracting sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag, and the extracted waste heat is conveyed to a heat utilization unit for utilization, wherein the method for extracting the sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag by the working medium is a direct extraction method or an indirect extraction method; the method comprises the following steps:
1) primarily cooling high-temperature slag from the high-temperature slag bin by using a cooling water jacket at a slag feeding port;
2) the primarily cooled high-temperature slag enters the heat extraction bin and is mixed with the working medium or the heat extraction medium in the heat extraction bin, the high-temperature slag and the working medium or the heat extraction medium are subjected to heat exchange, heat absorbed by the working medium or the heat extraction medium is transmitted to a heat utilization unit for utilization, the high-temperature slag is cooled to be low-temperature slag, and the working medium or the heat extraction medium is recycled; the working medium in the heat extraction bin is softened water input under high pressure, and the heat extraction medium is softened water;
3) performing two-stage or multi-stage precipitation separation on the low-temperature slag after heat exchange and a working medium, discharging the low-temperature slag, feeding the working medium into a working medium storage tank, and pumping the working medium into a heat extraction bin for next heat extraction;
4) preheating is carried out before the working medium enters the heat extraction bin, and the preheating is realized through the working medium generated by the first-stage separation and the second-stage separation after the heat exchange in the step 3).
2. The method for utilizing the high-temperature slag waste heat according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature slag is insoluble or slightly soluble in the working medium or the extraction heat medium, and the contact between the working medium or the extraction heat medium and the slag does not influence the subsequent use of the slag, so that the separation of the extraction heat medium or the working medium and the slag is easy to realize.
3. The method for utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature slag according to claim 1, wherein the direct extraction method is a method in which a working medium is directly contacted with the high-temperature slag, the heat in the high-temperature slag is extracted until the temperature is balanced, and the waste heat recovery of the high-temperature slag is realized, and the process route includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: mixing and heat extraction of working medium and high-temperature slag, separation of the working medium and the slag, circulation of the working medium, discharge of the slag and preheating of the working medium.
4. The method for utilizing the high-temperature slag waste heat according to claim 1, wherein the indirect extraction method is to extract sensible heat carried by the high-temperature slag by contacting a working medium with the high-temperature slag, and then preheat an extraction working medium by using the high-temperature working medium to realize waste heat recovery of the high-temperature slag; the process route includes, but is not limited to, the following sequential steps:
mixing extraction heat of working medium and high-temperature slag, heat exchange of heated working medium and medium, circulation of extraction heat medium, separation of extraction heat medium and working medium, slag discharge, preheating of working medium and preheating of extraction heat medium.
5. The method for utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature slag as claimed in claim 4, wherein the heat extraction medium is water.
6. A high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system is characterized by comprising a high-temperature slag bin, a heat extraction bin, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank; the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is provided with a slag feeding port, the slag feeding port is connected with a slag inlet of the heat extraction bin, the upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet, the high-pressure working medium inlet is connected with a working medium storage pool, the bottom of the heat extraction bin is provided with a slag discharging port, the slag discharging port is connected with a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the working medium storage pool; the slag discharging port is provided with a slag discharging device;
the high-temperature slag bin is built by refractory materials, a slag feeder is arranged in the slag feeding port, a cooling water jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the slag feeding port, and circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jacket;
the heat extraction bin is internally provided with heat extraction medium or working medium of high-temperature slag waste heat, and the heat extraction medium or working medium after waste heat recovery is led to a heat utilization unit;
the sedimentation tank is a one-stage or multi-stage sedimentation tank, a cold slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, an overflow port is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank;
the upper part of the working medium storage pool is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet which is connected with the heat extraction bin through a working medium output pipeline and a high-pressure pump, and the working medium storage pool is also provided with a working medium supplement pipeline;
the heat extraction bin comprises a top slag inlet, a main heat exchanger positioned at the lower part of the slag inlet, a high-pressure working medium inlet, a heat extraction area positioned at the lower part and a bottom slag outlet, wherein the main heat exchanger comprises a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet, the circulating water inlet is connected with a cooling water outlet, the circulating water outlet is connected with a heat unit, one or more high-pressure working medium inlets are arranged at the upper part of the heat extraction bin, and the high-pressure working medium inlets are arranged at the upper part of the main heat exchanger; the lower part of the cooling water jacket is provided with a cooling water inlet, the upper part of the cooling water jacket is provided with a cooling water outlet, and the cooling water inlet is connected with a water storage tank through a high-pressure water pump; the hot water inlet of the heat utilization unit is connected with a circulating water outlet, the cold water outlet is connected with a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is also provided with a water replenishing pipe.
7. A high-temperature slag waste heat utilization system is characterized by comprising a high-temperature slag bin, a heat extraction bin, a sedimentation tank and a working medium storage tank; the bottom of the high-temperature slag bin is provided with a slag feeding port, the slag feeding port is connected with a slag inlet of the heat extraction bin, the upper part of the heat extraction bin is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet, the high-pressure working medium inlet is connected with a working medium storage pool, the bottom of the heat extraction bin is provided with a slag discharging port, the slag discharging port is connected with a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the working medium storage pool; the slag discharging port is provided with a slag discharging device;
the high-temperature slag bin is built by refractory materials, a slag feeder is arranged in the slag feeding port, a cooling water jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the slag feeding port, and circulating cooling water is arranged in the cooling water jacket;
the heat extraction bin is internally provided with heat extraction medium or working medium of high-temperature slag waste heat, and the heat extraction medium or working medium after waste heat recovery is led to a heat utilization unit;
the sedimentation tank is a one-stage or multi-stage sedimentation tank, a cold slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, an overflow port is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank, and the overflow port is connected with a working medium storage tank;
the upper part of the working medium storage pool is provided with a high-pressure working medium inlet which is connected with the heat extraction bin through a working medium output pipeline and a high-pressure pump, and the working medium storage pool is also provided with a working medium supplement pipeline;
the hot extraction bin comprises a top slag inlet, a steam area positioned at the upper part, a steam outlet, a slag baffle and a hot extraction area positioned at the lower part, wherein the top of the hot extraction bin is provided with the slag inlet, the slag inlet is provided with a slag inlet pipe, the upper part of the hot extraction bin is provided with the steam outlet, the steam area at the upper part of the hot extraction bin is internally provided with the slag baffle, the slag baffle is positioned between the outlet of the slag inlet pipe and the steam outlet, the upper part of the hot extraction bin is provided with one or more high-pressure working medium inlets, the high-pressure working medium inlets are arranged at the upper part of the outlet of the slag inlet pipe, the high-pressure working medium inlets are provided with high-pressure spray nozzles, and a; the hot inlet of the heat utilization unit is connected with the steam outlet, and the cold outlet is connected with the working medium storage pool.
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