CN110184895A - It is a kind of can be with the bridge and its construction method of river level rise automatic height adjustment - Google Patents

It is a kind of can be with the bridge and its construction method of river level rise automatic height adjustment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110184895A
CN110184895A CN201910583704.9A CN201910583704A CN110184895A CN 110184895 A CN110184895 A CN 110184895A CN 201910583704 A CN201910583704 A CN 201910583704A CN 110184895 A CN110184895 A CN 110184895A
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China
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plate
tooth
main beam
bridge
beam box
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CN201910583704.9A
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CN110184895B (en
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吴晋豪
李宏男
缪沅岱
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Shenyang Jianzhu University
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Shenyang Jianzhu University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
    • E01D15/14—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
    • E01D15/14—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges
    • E01D15/145—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges displaceable or with sections movable to allow passing of water-borne traffic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/005—Piers, trestles, bearings, expansion joints or parapets specially adapted for portable or sectional bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/30—Metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/30—Metal
    • E01D2101/34—Metal non-ferrous, e.g. aluminium

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

It is a kind of to be made of with the bridge and its construction method of river level rise automatic height adjustment, bridge girder and access bridge；Girder is made of one group of closed main beam box, and the rear and front end of main beam box passes through respectively to be erected on bridge pier by the support of the buoyancy automatic controlled height of water；The floorings end of former and later two main beam box of the access bridge plate upper end with girder of access bridge is hinged, and lower end can be slided by pulley B in the supporting plate sliding slot on access bridge cushion cap.Its construction method includes that production main beam box, production lifting device, installation main beam box constitute girder, construct access bridge plate.The bridge can be with river level automatic height adjustment, and has height self-locking function, and bridge will not be both submerged when water level goes up, and will not fluctuate up and down and jolt with water level；The normal level of water level reliable manpower recovery girder after reducing；Bridge is not required to excessively high bridge pier, and project cost is relatively low.

Description

It is a kind of can be with the bridge and its construction method of river level rise automatic height adjustment
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of bridge engineering, and especially one kind can be with the bridge of river level rise automatic height adjustment Beam and its construction method.
Background technique
In the multiple mountain area of flood, some rivers are in flood season because water surge causes river water level to rise suddenly and sharply.Water level substantially on The torrent to rise can flood or even destroy by rush of water bridge, and mountain road is caused to interrupt, and villager can not link up with the external world.
There are two types of the bridges built on this river at present: one is the bridges of fixed height, are in the great majority；It is another It is pontoon bridge, occupies the minority.
The bridge of fixed height cannot be covered when being divided into flood season river peak level again by its height bridge floor bridge and can Cover the overflow bridge of bridge floor.
It for overflow bridge, has the disadvantage in that 1. when river level rising range is little, river water can make river to bridge impact Water splashes on bridge floor, causes road surface slippery situation, influences walk and safety；2. when river level rising range is larger Total flooding bridge floor, bridge are unable to normal use, and pedestrian is impassable；3. when surging flood peak may temporarily rush bridge It ruins.
For the bridge of bridge floor, because bridge pier height needs to increase, the base of bridge cannot be covered when flood season river peak level Plinth needs to deepen, and access bridge needs to extend, and improves project cost, and inconvenient pedestrian and vehicle pass-through after bridge height increase.
It is erected on river surface for certain specific uses (as interim military) or only for outlying district a few peoples passage Pontoon bridge is to be floated bridge floor using the buoyancy of water, passed through for pedestrian or vehicle.This pontoon bridge is lower because not having bridge pier cost, but Can be with the variation of river level when use and dipping and heaving, severity of jolting when water wave is larger are very unstable, influence using.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of can with the bridge and its construction method of river level rise automatic height adjustment, To solve above-mentioned technical problem existing for existing highway bridge.
It is provided by the invention can be with the bridge of river level rise automatic height adjustment, including girder and access bridge；
The girder by one group along bridge step forward after mutually connect, the closed main beam box that can float in water forms, The rear and front end of main beam box passes through respectively to be erected on bridge pier by the support of the buoyancy automatic controlled height of water；
There is vertical baffle inside the main beam box, closed main beam box is divided into a plurality of cavities by partition, once it is a Other cavity leak, other cavitys still ensure that sealing, prevent entire main beam box water-filling and fail, while playing and improving girder case The effect of body rigidity and bearing capacity；It is the floorings that rear and front end leans out main beam box front and rear wall at the top of main beam box；Along girder The transverse direction of cabinet has the permeable duct passed through for river water, and river water passes through from permeable duct, can mitigate water flow to main beam box side The impact force of wall mitigates rocking for main beam box；
The support include vertically be fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of main beam box rear and front end, the tooth shaft that cross section is square With the lifting device for being fixedly mounted on bridge pier top, cooperating with tooth shaft；The lifting device includes square case, is had in shell The disengaging type tooth button that can be engaged with the tooth shaft, disengaging type tooth button are respectively provided with the tooth plate that can be engaged with tooth shaft by four pieces and form； The pawl that the tooth of the tooth shaft is 20 ° of angle, the suitable tooth that the tooth of tooth plate is 20 ° of angle；The outer wall of four pieces of tooth plates with it is described There is the compressed spring of four pieces of tooth plate clutches of control between the inner wall of shell respectively, the outer wall of four pieces of tooth plates is respectively fixed with pull rod, The upper end that the outer end of pull rod passes through the open-work and the lever style handle that pull rod can be pulled overhanging that open up on shell is hinged, the branch of lever Point is fixed on the outer wall of shell close to the hinged place of handle and pull rod；Between the upper and lower ends of tooth plate and the inner wall up and down of shell There is pulley A respectively；
The access bridge includes that upper end is hinged by hinge with the floorings end of former and later two main beam box of girder respectively Access bridge plate, the lower end of access bridge plate has pulley B, pulley B to be placed in the sliding slot on supporting plate, and supporting plate is fixed on access bridge cushion cap, access bridge Cushion cap is fixed on cone slope；The access bridge plate is when girder is in lowest order and the gradient of horizontal plane is 0 °~3 °.
It is above-mentioned can be with the construction method of the bridge of river level rise automatic height adjustment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, production main beam box
(1) aluminum alloy plate materials of main beam box thickness 8mm are made up of welding, and the longitudinal direction (bridge trend) of main beam box is long Degree is Lmg；The spacing of partition takes 30~50cm, and the transverse width of main beam box is Bmg(LmgAnd BmgAccording to the length and width of girder Degree is selected), in LmgAnd BmgAfter selected, the height H of main beam boxmgIt is calculated as follows and acquires:
Hmg=max { Hmgf, HmgF}
Wherein, HmgfIt is remained to be able to satisfy the one third of main beam box height when water level rising (by buoyancy) The required main beam box height on the water surface,
In formula: qmgFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam box, unit kN/m,
qrAt most carry the weight of crowd for linear meter(lin.m.) every in main beam box, unit kN/m,
G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.81N/kg,
ρwFor the bulk density of water, 1000kN/m is taken3,
BmgFor the transverse width of main beam box, unit m；
HmgFTo be able to satisfy the main beam box height that main beam box bending strength requires when low water level (not by buoyancy),
In formula: qmgFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam box, unit kN/m,
qrAt most carry the weight of crowd for linear meter(lin.m.) every in main beam box, unit kN/m,
[σ] is the allowable stress of aluminum alloy materials, unit kN/m3,
IzFor the moment of inertia of main spar-box body section, unit m4,
LmgFor the length of main beam box, unit m；
(2) tooth shaft is installed at the both ends of main beam box；
1) tooth shaft is made:
Tooth shaft makes of stainless steel material；The length l of tooth shaftczIt is selected according to girder in the adjusting height in flood season and dry season It is fixed；The cross section of tooth shaft is using square, the pawl that four sides is 20 ° with continuous, the long 3cm of tooth, angle, the side length of cross section bczNo less than following formula calculated value:
In formula: qmgFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam box, unit kN/m,
qrAt most carry the weight of crowd for linear meter(lin.m.) every in main beam box, unit kN/m,
[τ] is the permissible shearing stress of stainless steel material, unit kN/m3,
N is the number of main beam box one end tooth shaft, and (n suggests that value is 3 to unit, works as bczWhen value is greater than 0.1, n is desirable more Big value),
LmgFor the length of main beam box, unit m,
HmgFor the height of main beam box, unit m,
ρwFor the bulk density of water, 1000kN/m is taken3；
V is river flood season water flow maximum speed, unit m/s where bridge；
2) tooth shaft is installed: one group of mounting hole is opened up on the bottom surface of the floorings rear and front end of main beam box, by tooth shaft one In end insertion mounting hole, then tooth shaft is fixed on to the end of main beam box by welding, the girder that both ends have tooth shaft is made Cabinet；
Step 2, production lifting device
(1) four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button in lifting device are made:
Four pieces of tooth plates are made of with a thickness of the stainless steel plate of 35mm respectively, height and width respectively with the length of tooth shaft and Tooth shaft one side it is of same size, outside is plane, and inside takes 20 ° of suitable tooth with continuous, long 3cm, angle, in outer side Center vertical welding pull rod, the end of pull rod and the front end of lever style handle are hinged, hang down in the lower edges of pull rod and lateral surface One end of compressed spring is welded on lateral surface by the center of straight line respectively；On the upper and lower end face of every piece of tooth plate respectively Pulley A is installed；
(2) shell in lifting device is made
Shell makes of the stainless steel plate of thickness 20mm, corresponding with four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button, first makes shell Four blocks of side plates, the width of four blocks of side plates is mutually butted the space surrounded respectively with it can make four pieces of tooth plates be combined into clutch For compressed spring after formula tooth button on the outside of tooth plate in subject to confined state, the height of four blocks of side plates is respectively greater than tooth plate height 40mm opens up the centre bore passed through for the pull rod on the tooth plate at the center of four blocks of side plates respectively, is being lower than centre bore 45mm Side plate outer wall on transverse weld diameter 20mm fulcrum of the rod iron as lever style handle；Then top plate and bottom are made respectively Plate opens up the tooth shaft passed through for tooth shaft at the center of top plate and bottom plate respectively and passes through hole (411), and bolt peace is opened up on bottom plate It fills hole (412)；Then four blocks of side plates are mutually butted and are welded into one, then by bottom plate and plate-side plate welding, form tubbiness, top plate waits for With；
(3) bridge pier cover is drilled and installed in pier coping portion
The rectangular hole that can be smoothly protruded into when bridge pier top drills through along longitudinal center line and is down to bottommost for tooth shaft (61), the bridge pier cover made of the stainless steel plate of thickness 15mm (49) are installed in pier coping portion, the size of bridge pier cover will guarantee it With pier coping portion close fit, the end face center of bridge pier cover opens up square hole corresponding with rectangular hole (61), in bridge pier cover Bolt hole corresponding with housing bottom surface bolt mounting holes is opened up on top surface；The bridge pier cover processed is buckled in the top of bridge pier, Bridge pier cover is fixed with bridge pier with expansion bolt B (413) on the side wall of bridge pier cover, make bridge pier cover play at the top of reinforced bridge pier and Dispersion support is transmitted to the effect of bridge pier load；
(4) lifting device is assembled
By the 2 of step 2) made of barrel cover with expansion bolt A (410) pass through Housing Base and bridge pier cover top surface on Shell is fixed on bridge pier by bolt hole；Then by the 1 of step 2) made of four pieces of tooth plates be respectively placed in tubbiness shell, make tooth Pulley A on board bottom face can be slided on Housing Base, so that pull rod and handle on every piece of tooth plate is passed through shell side plate center and opened If hole stretch out shell, the other end of compressed spring connects with inner walls, by lever style handle four pieces of tooth plates of pulling, makes four Block tooth plate is mutually butted by compressed spring, forms disengaging type tooth button；Then the top plate of shell is welded on the side wall of shell, is made Pulley A on tooth plate top surface can be slided on cover top plate inner wall, and the assembling of each lifting device and bridge pier is completed with this；Then (highly supporting flat) top with top of bridge pier on the inside of the cone slope of ramped shaped, assembling is located at the lifting dress on riverbank in the same way It sets and (replaces bridge pier cover with L shape steel cage at this time)；
Step 3, installation main beam box constitute girder
Multiple main beam box by both ends made of step 2 with tooth shaft are one by one filled its tooth shaft by assembled lifting The disengaging type tooth button (pulling four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button to be at discrete state by pull rod at this time) set is inserted into respectively In bridge pier and the rectangular hole on riverbank, then hinge is installed between main beam box, the girder of bridge is constituted；
Step 4 constructs access bridge plate
Access bridge cushion cap is constructed on cone slope (7)；Leading bridge plate and rear access bridge plate are made of 8mm thickness aluminum alloy materials respectively, Access bridge plate takes single-box multi-cell form, and the spacing of access bridge plate web (31) takes 30~50cm, the transverse width and girder of access bridge plate Transverse width is identical, forms 0 °~3 ° angles with horizontal plane when the length of access bridge plate minimizes position (river dry season) with girder and is Standard,
The cross-sectional height of access bridge plate is Hyq, it is calculated as follows:
In formula: qyqFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of access bridge plate, unit kN/m；
qrThe weight of crowd, unit kN/m are at most carried for every linear meter(lin.m.) on access bridge plate；
[σ] is the allowable stress of aluminum alloy materials, unit kN/m3；
I'zFor the moment of inertia in access bridge plate section, unit m4；
LyqFor the length of access bridge plate, unit m；
By the upper end of the leading bridge plate and rear access bridge plate end hinge with mounted main beam box respectively, under access bridge plate End installation pulley B, the fixed supporting plate for being laid with upper surface and opening up sliding slot (not shown), is placed in sliding slot for pulley B on access bridge cushion cap In, it can slide along the chute, access bridge plate lower end is enable to be moved forward and backward with moving up and down for main beam box.
The working principle of bridge of the present invention:
When river level increases to girder abdomen certain altitude, river water generates upward buoyancy to main beam box and pushes master Spar-box body moves up, and the tooth shaft of main beam box applies pressure to four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button at this time, overcomes the tooth plate of closure The elastic force of compressed spring and separate, be 20 ° of pawls based on tooth shaft, tooth plate is 20 ° along teeth, the tooth meeting on tooth and tooth plate in tooth shaft The opposite changing of the relative positions, moves up tooth shaft with main beam box；After buoyancy and main beam box weight balancing, in main beam box stopping It moves, for tooth shaft to the pressure releases of four pieces of tooth plates, four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button lean on the spring return closed state of compressed spring, It is engaged with tooth shaft recovery, is 20 ° of pawls based on tooth shaft, tooth plate is 20 ° along tooth, prevents tooth shaft from moving down, locking is in the position；I.e. Fluctuate river above and below the water level, girder height is locked in peak level position and will not change, to make girder will not be with River surface fluctuates together up and down, runs smoothly.When the past in river flood season, water level was lower, tooth is welded on by lever style handle pulling Pull rod on plate overcomes the elastic force of compressed spring, separates four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button, is disengaged from tooth shaft, girder Decline by self weight, restores initial conditions.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the girder of bridge of the present invention can be with its height of river level adjust automatically, and has height Self-locking function is spent, making it the bridge when water level goes up will not both be submerged, and it will not fluctuate up and down and jolt with water level, bridge Has the function of self-stabilization；The normal level of water level reliable manpower recovery girder after reducing；The bridge is not required to excessively high bridge pier, engineering Cost is relatively low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram (side view) of bridge of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram (side view) of Fig. 1 middle girder cabinet；
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the lifting device structure figure (longitudinal sectional view) of support in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the assembling figure of lifting device and bridge pier；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of access bridge in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of access bridge plate in Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is the working principle diagram of bridge of the present invention.
Label symbol in Fig. 1: 1- access bridge cushion cap, 2- supporting plate, 3- access bridge plate, 31- access bridge plate web, 4- support, 41- tooth Axis, 42- shell, 43- tooth plate, 44- compressed spring, 45- pull rod, 46- lever style handle, 47- (handle) fulcrum, 48- pulley A, 49- bridge pier cover, 410- expansion bolt A, 411- (on cover top plate and bottom plate) tooth shaft pass through hole, the installation of 412- expansion bolt Hole, 413- expansion bolt B, 5- main beam box, 51- floorings, 52- partition, the permeable duct 53-, 6- bridge pier, 61- is (on bridge pier ) rectangular hole, 7- bores slope, 8- hinge, 9- pulley B.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the invention will be further described.
The present embodiment be using the present invention be erected on certain mountain stream can be with river level rise automatic height adjustment Bridge.The width of the river course is 43m, and flood season water flow maximum speed v is 6m/s, and bridge is made of girder and access bridge, main Beam length is 8.5m, and adjusting height of the girder in flood season and dry season is 1.5m.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the girder of the bridge by 5 sections along bridge step forward after the closed master that mutually connects, can float in water Spar-box body 5 forms, and the rear and front end of main beam box passes through respectively to be erected at by the support 4 of the buoyancy automatic controlled height of water On bridge pier 6.
In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the main beam box 5 is made up with the aluminum alloy plate materials of thickness 8mm of welding, girder case
Longitudinal direction (bridge trend) length of body is Lmg=8.5m, it is the vertical baffle 52 of 68.8cm that, which there is mutual spacing in inside, every Closed main beam box is divided into 8 cavitys, the transverse width B of main beam box by platemg=5.5m；
The height H of main beam boxmgBy Hmg=max { Hmgf, HmgFValue: HmgfMain beam box when ensuring that water level rises for enterprise Height
One third should remain main beam box height required on the water surface, HmgFIt is low water level (not by floating Power effect) when be able to satisfy main beam box bending strength requirement main beam box height, according to calculation formula And the following technical parameter that the present embodiment provides
The weight q of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam boxmgFor 9.35kN/m,
Every linear meter(lin.m.) at most carries the weight q of crowd in main beam boxrFor 5kN/m,
Gravity acceleration g is 9.81N/kg,
The bulk density ρ of waterwFor 1000kN/m3,
The allowable stress [σ] of aluminum alloy materials is 295000kN/m3,
The moment of inertia I in main beam box sectionzFor 0.00308Hmgf 2m4,
Acquire Hmgf=0.267m, HmgF=0.985m,
According to Hmg=max { Hmgf, HmgF, the height H of main beam boxmgTake 0.985m；
It is the floorings 51 that rear and front end leans out main beam box front and rear wall 20mm at the top of main beam box；Along the cross of main beam box To there is the permeable duct 53 of circle passed through for river water, the diameter in permeable duct is 250mm.
In conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 6, the support 4 include be respectively and vertically fixed on the bottom surface of main beam box both ends, cross section is positive 3 rectangular tooth shafts 41 and the lifting device for being fixedly mounted on 6 top of bridge pier, cooperating respectively with each tooth shaft.
The tooth shaft 41 makes of stainless steel material, length lczFor 1.5m (with girder flood season and dry season adjusting It is highly identical), the pawl for being on four sides 20 ° with continuous, the long 3cm of tooth, angle, the side length b of tooth shaft cross sectionczAccording to calculation formulaThe following technical parameter that (being not less than the calculated value) and the present embodiment provide:
The weight q of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam boxmgFor 9.35kN/m,
Every linear meter(lin.m.) at most carries the weight q of crowd in main beam boxrFor qrFor 5kN/m,
The permissible shearing stress [τ] of stainless steel material is 400000kN/m2,
The number n of main beam box one end tooth shaft is 3,
The height H of main beam boxmgFor 0.985mm,
The bulk density ρ of waterwFor 1000kN/m3,
River flood season water flow maximum speed v where bridge is unit 6m/s,
Acquire the side length b of tooth shaft cross sectionczz60mm, b should be not less thanczTake 100mm.
The lifting device includes square case 42, there is the disengaging type tooth button that can be engaged with the tooth shaft in shell, from Box-like tooth button is respectively provided with the tooth plate 43 that can be engaged with tooth shaft by four pieces and forms.
There is the compressed spring 44 of four pieces of tooth plate clutches of control between the outer wall of four pieces of tooth plates and the inner wall of the shell respectively, The outer wall of four pieces of tooth plates is respectively fixed with pull rod 45, and the outer end of pull rod passes through the open-work opened up on shell and pull rod can be pulled overhanging Lever style handle 46 upper end it is hinged, the fulcrum 47 of lever is fixed on the outer wall of shell close to the hinged place of handle and pull rod On；There is pulley A48 respectively between the upper and lower ends of tooth plate and the inner wall up and down of shell.
In conjunction with Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the access bridge include upper end respectively with the floorings end of former and later two main beam box of girder Pass through the hinged access bridge plate 3 of hinge 7, the length L of access bridge plateyqFor 5m, the lower end of access bridge plate has pulley B8, pulley B to be placed in supporting plate 2 On sliding slot (not shown) in, supporting plate is fixed on access bridge cushion cap 1, access bridge cushion cap be fixed on cone slope 7 on.Access bridge plate is at girder When lowest order and the gradient of horizontal plane is 3 °.The transverse width of access bridge plate is identical as girder transverse width, and access bridge plate is by six pieces The access bridge plate web 31 of mutual spacing 400mm constitutes single seven Room form of case,
The cross-sectional height of access bridge plate is HyqAccording to formulaWith the present embodiment provide with Lower technical parameter
The weight q of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam boxmgFor 9.35kN/m,
Every linear meter(lin.m.) at most carries the weight q of crowd in main beam boxrFor 5kN/m,
The allowable stress [σ] of aluminum alloy materials is 295000kN/m3,
The moment of inertia I' in access bridge plate sectionzFor 0.00122m4,
The length L of access bridge plateyqFor 5m,
Acquire Hyq=196mm.
The construction method of the above bridge sequentially includes the following steps:
Step 1, production main beam box
Main beam box is made by welding with the aluminum alloy plate materials of thickness 8mm；Tooth shaft is made with stainless steel material；In girder 3 mounting holes are opened up on the bottom surface of cabinet rear and front end respectively, tooth shaft one end is inserted into mounting hole, then by welding tooth Axis is fixed on the end of main beam box, and the main beam box that both ends have tooth shaft is made；
Step 2, production lifting device
(1) four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button in lifting device are first made:
Four pieces of tooth plates are made of with a thickness of the stainless steel plate of 35mm respectively, and the height of tooth plate is 300mm, width 100mm, Its outside is plane, and inside takes 20 ° of suitable tooth with continuous, long 3cm, angle, and the center vertical welding pull rod in outer side is drawn The end of bar and the front end of lever style handle are hinged, in the center of pull rod and the lower edges vertical line of lateral surface, respectively One end of compressed spring is welded on lateral surface；Pulley A is installed respectively on the upper and lower end face of every piece of tooth plate；
(2) shell in lifting device is made
Shell is made with the stainless steel plate of thickness 20mm, it is corresponding with four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button, first make shell Four blocks of side plates, the width of four blocks of side plates is respectively 350mm, and the height of four blocks of side plates is respectively 340mm, the center of four blocks of side plates It is 25mm centre bore that place opens up diameter respectively, the rod iron of transverse weld diameter 20mm on the side plate outer wall lower than centre bore 45mm Fulcrum as lever style handle；Then top plate and bottom plate are made respectively, and opening up diameter respectively at the center of top plate and bottom plate is The tooth shaft of 160mm passes through hole (411), and bolt mounting holes (412) are opened up on bottom plate；Then four blocks of side plates are mutually butted and are welded Integrally, then by bottom plate and plate-side plate welding, tubbiness is formed, top plate is stand-by；
(3) bridge pier cover is drilled and installed in pier coping portion
The rectangular hole (61) that diameter is 165mm, hole depth is 1100mm is drilled through along longitudinal center line on bridge pier top, in bridge The bridge pier cover made of the stainless steel plate of thickness 15mm (49) are installed in pier top portion, and the size of bridge pier cover is that bridge pier size is uncertain, bridge It is 165mm that the end face center of pier cover, which opens up diameter, is opened up on bridge pier cover top surface corresponding with housing bottom surface bolt mounting holes Bolt hole；The bridge pier cover processed is buckled in the top of bridge pier, uses expansion bolt B (413) by bridge pier on the side wall of bridge pier cover Cover is fixed with bridge pier, so that bridge pier cover is played the role of at the top of reinforced bridge pier and disperse support and is transmitted to bridge pier load；
(4) lifting device is assembled
Bolt by barrel cover made of step 2 with expansion bolt A (410) on Housing Base and bridge pier cover top surface Shell is fixed on bridge pier by hole；Then four pieces of tooth plates made of step 2 are respectively placed in tubbiness shell, are made on tooth plate bottom surface Pulley A can be slided on Housing Base, so that pull rod and handle on every piece of tooth plate is passed through the hole that shell side plate center opens up and stretch The other end of shell out, compressed spring connects with inner walls, pulls four pieces of tooth plates by lever style handle, leans on four pieces of tooth plates Compressed spring is mutually butted, and forms disengaging type tooth button；Then the top plate of shell is welded on the side wall of shell, makes tooth plate top surface On pulley A (48) can be slided on cover top plate inner wall, the assembling of each lifting device and bridge pier is completed with this；Then oblique The L shape steel cage of similar bridge pier cover (removes the three of bridge pier cover at the top of the inside (highly supporting with top of bridge pier flat) on ramp shaped cone slope A side plate) lifting device being located on shore protection is assembled in the same way；
Step 3, installation main beam box constitute girder
Multiple main beam box by both ends made of step 2 with tooth shaft are one by one filled its tooth shaft by assembled lifting The disengaging type tooth button (pulling four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button to be at discrete state by pull rod at this time) set is inserted into respectively In bridge pier and the rectangular hole on riverbank, then hinge is installed between main beam box, the girder of bridge is constituted；
Step 4 constructs access bridge plate
Access bridge cushion cap is constructed on cone slope；Access bridge plate is made with 8mm thickness aluminum alloy materials, by the upper end of front and back access bridge plate point Not with the end hinge of mounted main beam box (8), pulley B (9) are installed in the lower end of access bridge plate, solid on access bridge cushion cap (1) Surely it is laid with the supporting plate (2) that upper surface opens up sliding slot (not shown), pulley B is placed in sliding slot, can be slided along the chute, access bridge plate is made Lower end can be moved forward and backward with moving up and down for main beam box.
The working principle of bridge of the present invention is as shown in Figure 9.The picture left above is main beam box not by the initial of buoyancy in Fig. 9 State, right figure are the propradation (tooth shaft of main beam box four piece teeth to disengaging type tooth button of the main beam box after by buoyancy Plate, which applies pressure, makes the tooth plate of closure overcome the elastic force of compressed spring and separate), lower-left figure is that buoyancy and main beam box weight are flat Main beam box stops moving up rear state that (for tooth shaft to the pressure releases of four pieces of tooth plates, four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button are by pressing after weighing apparatus The spring return closure of contracting spring is engaged with tooth shaft recovery).

Claims (2)

1. one kind can be with the bridge of river level rise automatic height adjustment, including girder and access bridge；It is characterized by:
The girder by one group along bridge step forward after mutually connect, the closed main beam box (5) that can float in water form, lead The rear and front end of spar-box body passes through respectively to be erected on bridge pier (6) by the support (4) of the buoyancy automatic controlled height of water；
There are vertical baffle (52) inside the main beam box (5), closed main beam box is divided into a plurality of cavities by partition；Girder Top of the box is the floorings (51) that rear and front end leans out main beam box front and rear wall；Have along the transverse direction of main beam box and passes through for river water Permeable duct (53)；
The support (4) include vertically be fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of main beam box rear and front end, the tooth shaft that cross section is square (41) and be fixedly mounted on bridge pier (6) top, with tooth shaft cooperation lifting device；The lifting device includes square case (42), there is the disengaging type tooth button that can be engaged with the tooth shaft in shell, disengaging type tooth button is respectively provided with by four pieces and can be nibbled with tooth shaft The tooth plate (43) of conjunction forms；The pawl that the tooth of the tooth shaft is 20 ° of angle, the suitable tooth that the tooth of tooth plate is 20 ° of angle；Described four pieces There is the compressed spring (44) of four pieces of tooth plate clutches of control between the outer wall of tooth plate and the inner wall of the shell respectively, four pieces of tooth plates Outer wall is respectively fixed with pull rod (45), and the outer end of pull rod passes through the open-work opened up on shell and the lever that pull rod can be pulled overhanging The upper end of handle (46) is hinged, and the fulcrum (47) of lever is fixed on the outer wall of shell close to the hinged place of handle and pull rod；Tooth There are pulley A (48) between the upper and lower ends of plate and the inner wall up and down of shell respectively；
The access bridge includes that upper end is hinged by hinge (7) with the floorings end of former and later two main beam box of girder respectively Access bridge plate (3), the lower end of access bridge plate have pulley B (8), and pulley B is placed in the sliding slot on supporting plate (2), and supporting plate is fixed on access bridge and holds Platform (1), access bridge cushion cap are fixed on cone slope (7)；The access bridge plate is when girder is in lowest order and the gradient of horizontal plane is 0 ° ~3 °.
2. can be with the construction method of the bridge of river level rise automatic height adjustment described in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, production main beam box
(1) aluminum alloy plate materials of main beam box thickness 8mm are made up of welding, and the longitudinal length of main beam box is Lmg；Partition Spacing take 30~50cm, the transverse width of main beam box is Bmg, in LmgAnd BmgAfter selected, the height H of main beam boxmgIt presses Formula calculating acquires:
Hmg=max { Hmgf, HmgF}
Wherein, HmgfThe one third that main beam box height is able to satisfy when being risen by water level is remained to be wanted on the water surface The main beam box height asked,
In formula: qmgFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam box, unit kN/m,
qrAt most carry the weight of crowd for linear meter(lin.m.) every in main beam box, unit kN/m,
G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.81N/kg,
ρwFor the bulk density of water, 1000kN/m is taken3,
BmgFor the transverse width of main beam box, unit m；
HmgFTo be able to satisfy the main beam box height that main beam box bending strength requires when low water level,
In formula: qmgFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam box, unit kN/m,
qrAt most carry the weight of crowd for linear meter(lin.m.) every in main beam box, unit kN/m,
[σ] is the allowable stress of aluminum alloy materials, unit kN/m3,
IzFor the moment of inertia of main spar-box body section, unit m4,
LmgFor the length of main beam box, unit m；
(2) tooth shaft is installed at the both ends of main beam box；
1) tooth shaft is made:
Tooth shaft makes of stainless steel material；The length l of tooth shaftczIt is selected in the adjusting height in flood season and dry season according to girder；Tooth The cross section of axis is using square, the pawl that four sides is 20 ° with continuous, the long 3cm of tooth, angle, the side length b of cross sectionczNo It should be less than following formula calculated value:
In formula: qmgFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of main beam box, unit kN/m,
qrAt most carry the weight of crowd for linear meter(lin.m.) every in main beam box, unit kN/m,
[τ] is the permissible shearing stress of stainless steel material, unit kN/m3,
N is the number of main beam box one end tooth shaft, and unit is a,
LmgFor the length of main beam box, unit m,
HmgFor the height of main beam box, unit m,
ρwFor the bulk density of water, 1000kN/m is taken3；
V is river flood season water flow maximum speed, unit m/s where bridge；
2) tooth shaft is installed: opening up one group of mounting hole on the bottom surface of the floorings rear and front end of main beam box, tooth shaft one end is inserted Enter in mounting hole, then tooth shaft is fixed on to the end of main beam box by welding, the main beam box that both ends have tooth shaft is made；
Step 2, production lifting device
(1) four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button in lifting device are made:
Four pieces of tooth plates are made of with a thickness of the stainless steel plate of 35mm respectively, height and width respectively with the length of tooth shaft and tooth shaft One side it is of same size, outside is plane, and inside takes 20 ° of suitable tooth with continuous, long 3cm, angle, at the center of outer side Vertical welding pull rod, the end of pull rod and the front end of lever style handle are hinged, in the lower edges vertical line of pull rod and lateral surface Center, one end of compressed spring is welded on lateral surface respectively；It is installed respectively on the upper and lower end face of every piece of tooth plate Pulley A；
(2) shell in lifting device is made
Shell makes of the stainless steel plate of thickness 20mm, corresponding with four pieces of tooth plates of disengaging type tooth button, first makes the four of shell Block side plate, the width of four blocks of side plates is mutually butted the space surrounded respectively with it can make four pieces of tooth plates be combined into disengaging type tooth In subject to confined state, the height of four blocks of side plates is respectively greater than tooth plate height 40mm for compressed spring after button on the outside of tooth plate, and four The centre bore passed through for the pull rod on the tooth plate is opened up at the center of block side plate respectively, outside the side plate lower than centre bore 45mm Fulcrum of the rod iron of transverse weld diameter 20mm as lever style handle on wall；Then top plate and bottom plate are made respectively, in top plate The tooth shaft passed through for tooth shaft is opened up respectively with the center of bottom plate and passes through hole (411), and bolt mounting holes are opened up on bottom plate (412)；Then four blocks of side plates are mutually butted and are welded into one, then by bottom plate and plate-side plate welding, form tubbiness, top plate is stand-by；
(3) bridge pier cover is drilled and installed in pier coping portion
The rectangular hole (61) that can be smoothly protruded into when bridge pier top drills through along longitudinal center line and is down to bottommost for tooth shaft, The bridge pier cover made of the stainless steel plate of thickness 15mm (49) are installed in pier coping portion, the size of bridge pier cover will guarantee itself and bridge pier Top close fit, the end face center of bridge pier cover open up square hole corresponding with rectangular hole (61), on bridge pier cover top surface Open up bolt hole corresponding with housing bottom surface bolt mounting holes；The bridge pier cover processed is buckled in the top of bridge pier, in bridge pier Bridge pier cover is fixed with expansion bolt B (413) with bridge pier on the side wall of cover, bridge pier cover is made to play at the top of reinforced bridge pier and disperse branch Seat is transmitted to the effect of bridge pier load；
(4) lifting device is assembled
By the 2 of step 2) made of barrel cover with expansion bolt A (410) pass through Housing Base and bridge pier cover top surface on bolt Shell is fixed on bridge pier by hole；Then by the 1 of step 2) made of four pieces of tooth plates be respectively placed in tubbiness shell, make tooth plate bottom Pulley A on face can be slided on Housing Base, and pull rod and handle on every piece of tooth plate is made to pass through what shell side plate center opened up Shell is stretched out in hole, and the other end of compressed spring connects with inner walls, pulls four pieces of tooth plates by lever style handle, makes four pieces of teeth Plate is mutually butted by compressed spring, forms disengaging type tooth button；Then the top plate of shell is welded on the side wall of shell, makes tooth plate Pulley A on top surface can be slided on cover top plate inner wall, and the assembling of each lifting device and bridge pier is completed with this；Then oblique The cone slope inside top of ramp shaped assembles the lifting device being located on riverbank in the same way；
Step 3, installation main beam box constitute girder
Its tooth shaft is passed through assembled lifting device one by one by multiple main beam box by both ends made of step 2 with tooth shaft The deduction of points of disengaging type tooth is not inserted into the rectangular hole on bridge pier and riverbank, and hinge, composition bridge are then installed between main beam box Girder；
Step 4 constructs access bridge plate
Leading bridge plate and rear access bridge plate are made of 8mm thickness aluminum alloy materials respectively, and access bridge plate takes single-box multi-cell form, access bridge plate The spacing of web (31) takes 30~50cm, and the transverse width of access bridge plate is identical as girder transverse width, and the length of access bridge plate is with master It is formed subject to 0 °~3 ° angles when beam minimizes with horizontal plane,
The cross-sectional height of access bridge plate is Hyq, it is calculated as follows:
In formula: qyqFor the weight of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of access bridge plate, unit kN/m；
qrThe weight of crowd, unit kN/m are at most carried for every linear meter(lin.m.) on access bridge plate；
[σ] is the allowable stress of aluminum alloy materials, unit kN/m3；
I'zFor the moment of inertia in access bridge plate section, unit m4；
LyqFor the length of access bridge plate, unit m；
Bridge cushion cap is constructed on cone slope；By the upper end of the leading bridge plate and rear access bridge plate end with mounted main beam box respectively Pulley B is installed in the lower end of hinge, access bridge plate, and the fixed supporting plate for being laid with upper surface and opening up sliding slot, pulley B is set on access bridge cushion cap It in sliding slot, can slide along the chute, access bridge plate lower end is enable to be moved forward and backward with moving up and down for main beam box.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110904815A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-03-24 山东交通学院 Grid type self-adjusting bridge-shore connecting device, small floating bridge and using method thereof
CN110952435A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-04-03 江苏科技大学 Offshore liftable pontoon bridge provided with auxiliary butt joint and anti-rolling device

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CN207987702U (en) * 2018-03-09 2018-10-19 江苏省建筑园林设计院有限公司 A kind of landscape bridge
CN211142775U (en) * 2019-07-01 2020-07-31 沈阳建筑大学 Bridge capable of automatically adjusting height along with rising of river water level

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CA2177087A1 (en) * 1996-05-22 1997-11-23 Boris Netupsky Structures Prestressed by Buoyancy
KR200432359Y1 (en) * 2006-07-27 2006-12-04 신승호 Floating bridge using HDPE pipes as floating material
KR20100017026A (en) * 2008-08-05 2010-02-16 이남서 Floating pier
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110952435A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-04-03 江苏科技大学 Offshore liftable pontoon bridge provided with auxiliary butt joint and anti-rolling device
CN110904815A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-03-24 山东交通学院 Grid type self-adjusting bridge-shore connecting device, small floating bridge and using method thereof
CN110904815B (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-05-07 山东交通学院 Grid type self-adjusting bridge-shore connecting device, small floating bridge and using method thereof

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