CN110184432B

CN110184432B - Vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes

Info

Publication number: CN110184432B
Application number: CN201910584989.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭瑞超; 孙珏; 许善新; 司鹏超
Original assignee: Suzhou Sanji Foundry Equipment Co ltd; Shandong University
Current assignee: Suzhou Sanji Foundry Equipment Co ltd; Shandong University
Priority date: 2019-07-01
Filing date: 2019-07-01
Publication date: 2020-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-01
Also published as: CN110184432A

Abstract

The invention relates to a vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes, which comprises a quenching furnace box body, a plurality of transmission rollers and a plurality of vector sprayers, and is characterized in that: the vector sprayer consists of a base, a rotary stepping motor, a feeding stepping motor, a swinging stepping motor, a water delivery pipe, a top seat and a swinging plate, wherein one end of the swinging plate is fixed with a nozzle, and the other end of the swinging plate is fixed on an output shaft of the swinging stepping motor; the feeding stepping motor drives the vertical shaft to move up or down along the vertical direction through the lifting transmission mechanism, and the rotating stepping motor drives the vertical shaft to rotate around the vertical direction through the rotating transmission mechanism; the swinging stepping motor is used for driving the nozzle to swing. The vector spraying quenching device can realize uniform spraying on the polyhedral part, realize uniform and rapid cooling in the spraying quenching process of the polyhedral part, avoid overlarge deformation and residual stress in the spraying quenching process of the part and ensure the mechanical property of the part after quenching.

Description

Vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes

Technical Field

The invention relates to a spray quenching device, in particular to a vector spray quenching device which is suitable for parts with complex shapes and realizes uniform water distribution by enabling the water spraying directions of a plurality of vector sprayers to face different positions of the parts.

Background

In order to improve the mechanical properties of the metal parts to meet the design and use requirements, the parts need to be subjected to heat treatment processes including solid solution and quenching processes. The quenching process is a key link for controlling the residual stress of parts to obtain ideal mechanical properties, and is the most difficult and challenging process in the heat treatment process. The traditional quenching process usually adopts a salt bath plus bath quenching (bath quenching) mode for production. However, such quenching processes have a number of deficiencies. Firstly, the pool quenching method has the defects of low cooling rate, different cooling surfaces, difficulty in accurately controlling the cooling rate in different cooling time periods and the like, so that the mechanical property of the quenched material is low, the residual stress is large, cracks are easy to generate, and the distortion is serious. Secondly, when the quenching process is transferred from the salt bath furnace to the quenching water tank, a crown block is usually required to lift, the transfer time is generally more than ten seconds, the intergranular corrosion of the material is aggravated, the corrosion resistance of the product is seriously influenced, the production efficiency of the product is low, the cost is high (about 50 percent of the total cost of the part), the process is complex, the yield is low, the production cycle of the part is greatly prolonged, and the process becomes a bottleneck process for limiting production.

In addition, the salt bath agent used in the salt bath is a strong oxidant, the production waste residue causes pollution to the environment, meanwhile, certain hidden danger is brought to safe production, and the process has serious energy consumption and is far from meeting the development requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction at present. The U.S. heat treatment roadmap clearly proposes that the quality and benefit of heat treatment production are improved in 2020 with the goals of heat treatment distortion of 0, energy consumption reduction of 80%, production cost reduction of 75% and influence of heat treatment production on the environment of 0, which presents a great challenge to the traditional quenching production process.

Spray quenching is used as an advanced controllable rapid cooling technology, the principle of the spray quenching is that water is pressurized to form a liquid drop beam to impact a cooled object, a layer of gas-liquid film is formed on the surface of the object, and heat is taken away to achieve the purpose of cooling. However, the conventional spray cooling apparatus mainly performs heat treatment on a plate having a regular shape, and the principle thereof is that a plurality of nozzles are simultaneously arranged in both upper and lower directions of a quenching furnace, and the plate moving on a roller table is cooled by scattered water flows of the upper and lower nozzles (a roller hearth type quenching furnace, chinese patent application No. 201610158004.1, application No. 2016.03.18). When the parts with complex shapes are subjected to spray cooling, the parts need to be subjected to spray cooling in multiple directions simultaneously so as to achieve rapid and uniform cooling, the existing nozzles adopting the form of vertical arrangement in the furnace cannot meet the requirements, and the spray cooling production work of the complex parts is seriously hindered.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes in order to overcome the defects of the technical problems.

The vector spraying quenching device suitable for the parts with complex shapes comprises a quenching furnace box body, and a plurality of transmission rollers and a plurality of vector sprayers which are arranged in the quenching furnace box body, wherein the transmission rollers are adjacently and horizontally arranged, the polyhedral parts to be quenched are placed on the transmission rollers, and the vector sprayers for spraying water to the polyhedral parts are arranged above and below the transmission rollers; the method is characterized in that: the vector sprayer consists of a base, a rotary stepping motor, a feeding stepping motor, a swinging stepping motor, a water delivery pipe, a top seat and a swinging plate, wherein the swinging stepping motor is fixed on the top seat; a vertical shaft is fixed on the top seat;

the feeding stepping motor is fixed on the base and drives the vertical shaft to move up or down along the vertical direction through the lifting transmission mechanism so as to drive the nozzle to lift; the rotary stepping motor is arranged on the base and drives the vertical shaft to rotate around the vertical direction through the rotary transmission mechanism so as to drive the nozzle to rotate; the swinging stepping motor is used for driving the nozzle to swing.

The vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes comprises a lifting transmission mechanism, a lifting transmission mechanism and a quenching mechanism, wherein the lifting transmission mechanism consists of a lead screw, a nut, a second bearing, a horizontal shaft and a rolling bearing; the vertical shaft is fixedly connected with the nut; the nut is arranged on the screw rod in a thread fit mode, the horizontal shaft is fixed on the nut, and the rolling bearing is arranged on the horizontal shaft; the periphery of lead screw is provided with the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve sets up with the lead screw is coaxial, sets up the vertical guide way that is used for holding antifriction bearing on the inner wall of outer sleeve, and the lead screw is close to the one end of feeding step motor and is fixed in on the base through the second bearing, and the outer sleeve is fixed in on the base through the third bearing.

The invention relates to a vector spray quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes, which is characterized in that a rotary transmission mechanism consists of a gear, a gear ring, a rotary sleeve and a connecting plate, wherein the rotary sleeve is positioned at the periphery of a feed stepping motor and is coaxially arranged with a lead screw, the gear ring is fixed on the outer surface of the rotary sleeve, the gear is fixed on an output shaft of the rotary stepping motor, the gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the rotary sleeve is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve through the connecting plate.

The vector spraying quenching device suitable for the parts with complex shapes is characterized in that waterproof covers with waterproof and sealing functions are arranged on the peripheries of the outer sleeve, the second bearing and the third bearing.

The vector spraying quenching device is suitable for parts with complex shapes, and the periphery of the waterproof cover is fixedly provided with a buckle for fixing the water pipe.

The vector spraying quenching device suitable for the parts with complex shapes is characterized in that output shafts of the rotary stepping motor, the feed stepping motor and the swing stepping motor are provided with rubber rings and/or end covers which have sealing and waterproof functions.

The vector spraying quenching device is suitable for parts with complex shapes, and the swinging plate is L-shaped.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the vector spraying quenching device, a polyhedral part to be quenched is placed on a transmission roller in a quenching furnace box body, a plurality of vector sprayers are arranged above and below the transmission roller, swinging stepping motors on the vector sprayers are used for driving nozzles to swing, feeding stepping motors are used for driving the nozzles to move up and down, and rotating stepping motors are used for driving the nozzles to rotate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vector spray quenching device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the vector shower of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the vector shower of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the vector shower of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the vector shower of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotary drive mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the lead screw and the vertical shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the connection of the swing stepping motor and the swing plate of the present invention.

In the figure: the quenching furnace comprises a quenching furnace box body 1, a transmission roller 2, a vector sprayer 3, a polyhedral part 4, a base 5, a rotating stepping motor 6, a feeding stepping motor 7, a swinging stepping motor 8, a water delivery pipe 9, a gear 10, a gear ring 11, a rotating sleeve 12, an outer sleeve 13, a lead screw 14, a bearing seat 15, a connecting plate 16, a nut 17, a vertical shaft 18, a horizontal shaft 19, a rolling bearing 20, a top seat 21, a swinging plate 22, a nozzle 23, a second bearing 24, a waterproof cover 25, a buckle 26, a rubber ring 27, an end cover 28, a first bearing 29, a cylindrical cavity 30 and a third bearing 31.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of the vector spraying quenching device of the invention is provided, which is composed of a quenching furnace box body 1, a plurality of transmission rollers 2 and a vector sprayer 3, wherein the quenching furnace box body 1 is internally provided with a cavity, the number of the transmission rollers 2 is a plurality, the transmission rollers 2 are arranged in the cavity of the quenching furnace box body 1 at intervals in parallel, a polyhedral part 4 to be quenched is placed on the transmission rollers 2, and the transmission rollers 2 transmit the polyhedral part 4 to a central position through rotation so as to carry out spraying quenching. The quantity of shown vector spray thrower 3 is a plurality of, set up respectively in the top and the below of drive roller 2, the nozzle 23 of the vector spray thrower 3 of drive roller 2 top is located the lower extreme, the nozzle 23 of the vector spray thrower 3 of drive roller 2 below is located the upper end, when spraying the quenching to polyhedral part 4, nozzle 23 on a plurality of vector spray throwers 3 is towards the different surfaces of polyhedral part 4, with evenly spraying to the different surfaces of polyhedral part 4, guarantee the even of part, rapid cooling, avoid part deformation and residual stress too big, so that spray the mechanical properties of the polyhedral part 4 after the quenching and satisfy the demands.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a front view and a right view of the vector sprayer of the present invention are respectively shown, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a section a-a in fig. 2, fig. 5 and fig. 6 are perspective views of the vector sprayer, the vector sprayer is composed of a base 5, a rotary stepping motor 6, a feed stepping motor 7, a swing stepping motor 8, a water pipe 9, a top seat 21 and a swing plate 22, the swing stepping motor 8 is fixed on the top seat 21, one end of the swing plate 22 is fixed with a nozzle 23, the other end is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor 8, and a water inlet of the nozzle 23 is connected with a water outlet of the water pipe 9, so that the nozzle 23 can be driven to swing under the driving action of the swing stepping motor 8 to adjust the spraying direction of the nozzle 23. The swing plate 22 may take an L shape.

The top seat 21 is fixed with a vertical shaft 18, and the vertical shaft 18 is arranged along the vertical direction. The feeding stepping motor 7 is fixed on the base 5, and the feeding stepping motor 7 drives the vertical shaft 18 to move up or down through the lifting transmission mechanism, so as to drive the nozzle 23 to move up and down. The rotary stepping motor 6 is arranged on the base 5, and the rotary stepping motor 6 drives the vertical shaft 18 to rotate around the vertical shaft through the rotary transmission mechanism, so as to drive the nozzle 23 to rotate.

The lifting transmission mechanism is composed of a lead screw 14, a nut 17, a second bearing 24, a horizontal shaft 19 and a rolling bearing 20, wherein the lead screw 14 is arranged along the vertical direction and coaxially with the vertical shaft 18, a cylindrical cavity 30 is formed in the center of the vertical shaft 18 along the axis direction of the vertical shaft, one end of the lead screw 14 is inserted into the cylindrical cavity 30, the other end of the lead screw is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the feeding stepping motor 7, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity 30 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lead screw 14 so as to guide the lead screw 14. In order to ensure the stable rotation of the screw 14, the connection between the screw 14 and the output shaft of the feeding stepping motor 7 is fixed on the base 5 through a second bearing 24. The upper end of the vertical shaft 18 is fixed on the top seat 21, and the lower end is fixed with the nut 17. The nut 17 is arranged on the threaded spindle 14 in a screw-fit manner.

The horizontal shaft 19 is fixed on the nut 17, the rolling bearing 20 is fixed on the horizontal shaft 19, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 20 can freely rotate around the horizontal shaft 19. The periphery of the screw 14 is provided with an outer sleeve 13, the outer sleeve 13 and the screw 14 are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the outer sleeve 13 is fixed on the base 5 through a third bearing 31, and the upper end of the outer sleeve 13 is sealed through a baffle ring and a sealing ring so as to realize a waterproof effect. The inner wall of the outer sleeve 13 is provided with a guide groove matched with the rolling bearing 20, the guide groove is arranged along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 13, and the rolling bearing 20 is arranged in the guide groove.

In this way, in the process that the feeding stepping motor 7 drives the screw 14 to rotate, the outer sleeve 13 cannot rotate at the moment, the nut 17 tends to rotate due to the rotation of the screw 14, and as the rolling bearing 20 on the nut 17 is arranged in the guide groove on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 13, the nut 17 rises or falls along the guide groove, the nut 17 is fixed with the vertical shaft 18, and finally, the lifting motion for driving the vertical shaft 18, the top seat 21 and the nozzle 23 is realized.

The rotation transmission mechanism is composed of a gear 10, a gear ring 11, a rotation sleeve 12 and a connecting plate 16, as shown in fig. 7, which shows a schematic structural diagram of the rotation transmission mechanism of the present invention, the gear 10 is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating stepping motor 6, and the rotation sleeve 12 is arranged on the base 5 and can rotate on the base 5. The rotary sleeve 12 is positioned on the periphery of the feeding stepping motor 7, the rotary sleeve 12 and the lead screw 14 are coaxially arranged, the gear ring 11 is fixed on the periphery of the rotary sleeve 12, and the gear ring 11 is meshed with the gear 10. The upper end of the rotary sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve 13 through 2 connecting plates 16.

In this way, during the driving process of the rotary stepping motor 6, the gear 10 and the gear ring 11 are engaged to drive the rotary sleeve 12 to drive, and further drive the outer sleeve 13 to rotate. In the transmission process of the outer sleeve 13, the nut 17 fixedly connected with the rolling bearing 20 is driven to rotate by the guide groove on the inner wall of the outer sleeve through the action of the guide groove on the rolling bearing 20, the feeding stepping motor 7 is not started at the moment, and the lead screw 14 fixed with the output shaft of the feeding stepping motor 7 cannot rotate, so that the nut 17 rotates around the lead screw 14, the rotation of the nut 17 can drive the vertical shaft 18 connected with the nut to rotate, and finally the rotation of the nozzle 23 is realized.

To avoid that the spray water affects the operation of the motor, the outer sleeve 13, the third bearing 31 and the second bearing 24 are all provided with a water shield 25 around their periphery to avoid water ingress. As shown in fig. 9, which shows a schematic view of the connection of the swing stepping motor and the swing plate in the present invention, the output shaft of the swing stepping motor 8 is provided with a rubber ring 27 and an end cap 28 to prevent the entry of shower water. The output shafts and the outer ends of the rotary stepping motor 6 and the feed stepping motor 7 can also be provided with rubber rings and end covers 28 so as to avoid the entering of spray water and ensure the long-term and normal work of the motors. As shown in fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of the screw rod and the vertical shaft in the present invention is shown, in order to avoid the water pipe 9 from moving under the condition of the water supply pressure change of the

water pipe

9, 2 fasteners 26 are arranged on the waterproof cover 25, each fastener 26 is composed of 2 rings, one ring of each fastener is fixed on the waterproof cover 25, the other ring is an open ring for fixing the water pipe 9, and the open rings are suitable for fixing the water pipes 9 with different diameters.

The working principle of the vector spraying quenching device is as follows:

the polyhedral part 4 is conveyed to the center of the quenching furnace box body 1 through the transmission roller 2; the orientation of the nozzles 23 on the respective vector showers 3 is then controlled according to the orientation of the faces of the polyhedral part 4 so that each face of the polyhedral part 4 can receive uniform shower water during the spray quenching process.

The spraying direction adjusting process of each vector sprayer 3 is as follows: through only controlling rotatory step motor 6 and rotating, and then drive swivel sleeve 12, outer sleeve 13 and rotate, the rotation of outer sleeve 13 can drive nut 17 through the guide way with antifriction bearing 20's effect and rotate, and the rotation of nut 17 can drive vertical axle 18 and rotate, and then drives footstock 21 and nozzle 23 and rotate, makes nozzle 23 rotate to the settlement position. The nut 17 on the screw rod 14 can be driven to ascend or descend along the guide groove on the outer sleeve 13 by only controlling the rotation of the output shaft of the feeding stepping motor 7, and the ascending and descending of the nut 17 can drive the footstock 21 and the nozzle 23 to ascend and descend, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water spraying position. By controlling only the rotation of the output shaft of the swing stepping motor 8, the swing plate 22 swings the nozzle 23, and finally the spraying direction of the nozzle 23 is directed to the preset position.

Claims

1. A vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes comprises a quenching furnace box body (1), and a plurality of transmission rollers (2) and a plurality of vector sprayers (3) which are arranged in the quenching furnace box body, wherein the transmission rollers are adjacently and horizontally arranged, a polyhedral part (4) to be quenched is placed on the transmission rollers, and the vector sprayers for spraying water to the polyhedral part are arranged above and below the transmission rollers; the method is characterized in that: the vector sprayer consists of a base (5), a rotary stepping motor (6), a feeding stepping motor (7), a swinging stepping motor (8), a water delivery pipe (9), a top seat (21) and a swinging plate (22), wherein the swinging stepping motor is fixed on the top seat (21), one end of the swinging plate is fixed with a nozzle (23), the other end of the swinging plate is fixed on an output shaft of the swinging stepping motor, and a water inlet of the nozzle is communicated with a water outlet of an output pipe; a vertical shaft (18) is fixed on the top seat (21);

the feeding stepping motor (7) is fixed on the base and drives the vertical shaft (18) to move up or down along the vertical direction through the lifting transmission mechanism so as to drive the nozzle to lift; the rotary stepping motor (6) is arranged on the base and drives the vertical shaft (18) to rotate around the vertical direction through the rotary transmission mechanism so as to drive the nozzle to rotate; the swinging stepping motor (8) is used for driving the nozzle to swing;

the lifting transmission mechanism consists of a lead screw (14), a nut (17), a second bearing (24), a horizontal shaft (19) and a rolling bearing (20), the lead screw is arranged along the vertical direction, the center of the vertical shaft (18) is provided with a cylindrical cavity (30) for accommodating the lead screw (14), one end of the lead screw is fixed on an output shaft of the feeding stepping motor (7), and the other end of the lead screw is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the vertical shaft; the vertical shaft (18) is fixedly connected with the nut (17); the nut is arranged on the screw rod in a thread fit mode, the horizontal shaft (19) is fixed on the nut (17), and the rolling bearing (20) is arranged on the horizontal shaft; an outer sleeve (13) is arranged on the periphery of the screw (14), the outer sleeve and the screw are coaxially arranged, a vertical guide groove used for accommodating the rolling bearing (20) is formed in the inner wall of the outer sleeve, one end, close to the feeding stepping motor, of the screw is fixed on the base (5) through a second bearing, and the outer sleeve (13) is fixed on the base (5) through a third bearing (31).

2. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary transmission mechanism is composed of a gear (10), a gear ring (11), a rotary sleeve (12) and a connecting plate (16), the rotary sleeve is located on the periphery of the feeding stepping motor (7), the rotary sleeve and a lead screw (14) are coaxially arranged, the gear ring is fixed on the outer surface of the rotary sleeve, the gear is fixed on an output shaft of the rotary stepping motor (6), the gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the rotary sleeve (12) is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve (13) through the connecting plate (16).

3. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: and waterproof covers (25) with waterproof and sealing functions are arranged on the peripheries of the outer sleeve (13), the second bearing (24) and the third bearing (31).

4. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 3, wherein: and a buckle (26) for fixing the water delivery pipe (9) is fixed on the periphery of the waterproof cover (25).

5. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: and rubber rings (27) and/or end covers (28) which play a role in sealing and waterproofing are arranged on output shafts of the rotating stepping motor (6), the feeding stepping motor (7) and the swinging stepping motor (8).

6. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: the swing plate (22) is L-shaped.