CN110184016B - 一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110184016B
CN110184016B CN201910530130.9A CN201910530130A CN110184016B CN 110184016 B CN110184016 B CN 110184016B CN 201910530130 A CN201910530130 A CN 201910530130A CN 110184016 B CN110184016 B CN 110184016B
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李贯中
林志秀
林绍盛
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Xintai Yonghe Yantai New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，包括A组分和B组分，A组分和B组分分别由以下重量百分比的物质组成，A组分：改性异氰酸酯预聚体55‑85％、阻燃剂a 6‑20％、填料a 8‑22％和稳定剂1‑3％；B组分：多元醇30‑75％、胺3‑10％、偶联剂2‑5％、阻燃剂b 10‑30％、填料b 10‑25％；A组分与B组分用量的重量比为1:1。本发明采用端羟基磷系共聚物改性聚氨酯预聚体，制备出具有阻燃性能的聚氨酯预聚体，在用作胶黏剂是具有阻燃性，同时保持传统双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂的强度和导热性能。本发明阻燃型双组分胶黏剂在新能源电池结构粘接等方面有良好的应用，对塑胶和金属都有很高的粘接强度。

Description

一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及胶黏剂领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
用于新能源电池的阻燃型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂，要求具有强度高，导热性优和阻燃性好，能适合不同材质的粘接，能耐溶剂腐蚀和耐高温等特点。与传统胶黏剂相比，双组分胶黏剂具有耐高温和良好的导热性能，在新能源电池上的应用，可以解决传统固化胶黏剂面临的一些局限性。但是在一些特殊场景除了对高强度和导热性能的要求外还需要具有阻燃性，具有阻燃型的胶黏剂才能提高电池的安全性和可靠性。
发明内容
本发明针对现有电池用双组份胶黏剂不具有阻燃性的问题，提供一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂及其制备方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，包括A组分和B组分，其特征在于，A组分和B组分分别由以下重量百分比的物质组成，A组分：改性异氰酸酯预聚体55-85％、阻燃剂a 6-20％、填料a 8-22％和稳定剂1-3％；B组分：多元醇30-75％、胺3-10％、偶联剂2-5％、阻燃剂b 10-30％、填料b 10-25％；A组分与B组分用量的重量比为1:1。
所述改性异氰酸酯预聚体由以下重量份的物质组成：异氰酸酯120-180份、二元醇30-70份、含羟基磷系阻燃剂60-100份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.05-1份和阻聚剂0.05-5份；所述异氰酸酯为IPDI、MDI、HMDI、HDI、TDI的二聚体或三聚体中的一种，所述二元醇为PPG200、PPG400、PEG400、PTMEG1000或PCDL500中的一种，所述含羟基磷系阻燃剂为三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐、N,N-双(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯或磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯中的一种，所述阻聚剂为对苯二酚、叔丁基邻苯二酚或磷酸中的一种。
进一步，所述阻燃剂a和所述阻燃剂b独立地选自磷酸甲苯二苯酯、异丙基化磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯或磷酸三甲苯酯中的一种。
进一步，所述填料a和所述填料b独立地选自氧化铝、氢氧化铝或石墨烯中的一种。
进一步，所述稳定剂为对苯二酚或萘醌。
进一步，所述多元醇为丙二醇或丙三醇。
进一步，所述胺为4,4’-双仲丁氨基二苯基甲烷、MOCA、D5000或D2000中的一种。
进一步，所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷或乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种。
本发明还涉及上述阻燃型双组分胶黏剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)制备改性异氰酸酯预聚体：按重量份称取异氰酸酯、二元醇、含羟基磷系阻燃剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡和阻聚剂，将异氰酸酯和二元醇混合均匀，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡，在氮气保护下60-90℃加热2-6h，制得异氰酸酯树脂，将含羟基磷系阻燃剂在110-130℃下抽真空1-2h，降温至15-40℃后加入异氰酸酯树脂，70-115℃下反应2-5h后加入阻聚剂，保温0.5-2h后，制得改性异氰酸酯预聚体；
2)制备阻燃型双组分胶黏剂：按重量百分比称取A组分和B组分各物质，分别在抽真空状态下混合均匀后独立存储。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用端羟基磷系共聚物改性聚氨酯预聚体，制备出具有阻燃性能的聚氨酯预聚体，在用作胶黏剂是具有阻燃性，同时保持传统双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂的强度和导热性能。本发明阻燃型双组分胶黏剂在新能源电池结构粘接等方面有良好的应用，对塑胶和金属都有很高的粘接强度。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，包括A组分和B组分，A组分和B组分分别由以下重量百分比的物质组成，
A组分：改性异氰酸酯预聚体85％、磷酸甲苯二苯酯6％、氧化铝8％和对苯二酚1％；B组分：丙二醇75％、4,4’-双仲丁氨基二苯基甲烷3％、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷2％、磷酸甲苯二苯酯10％、氢氧化铝10％；A组分与B组分用量的重量比为1:1。
所述改性异氰酸酯预聚体由以下重量份的物质组成：IPDI二聚体120份、PPG20070份、三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐60份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1份和对苯二酚0.05份。
本实施例阻燃型双组分胶黏剂的制备方法为：
1)制备改性异氰酸酯预聚体：按重量份称取IPDI二聚体、PPG200、三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对苯二酚，将IPDI二聚体和PPG200混合均匀，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡，在氮气保护下60℃加热6h，制得异氰酸酯树脂，将三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐在130℃下抽真空1h，降温至15℃后加入异氰酸酯树脂，115℃下反应2h后加入对苯二酚，保温2h后，制得改性异氰酸酯预聚体；
2)制备阻燃型双组分胶黏剂：按重量百分比称取A组分和B组分各物质，分别在抽真空状态下混合均匀后独立存储。
实施例2
一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，包括A组分和B组分，A组分和B组分分别由以下重量百分比的物质组成，
A组分：改性异氰酸酯预聚体70％、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯13％、氢氧化铝15％和萘醌2％；B组分：丙三醇50％、MOCA 6％、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷4％、异丙基化磷酸三苯酯20％、石墨烯20％；A组分与B组分用量的重量比为1:1。
所述改性异氰酸酯预聚体由以下重量份的物质组成：MDI三聚体150份、PEG40050份、N,N-双(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯80份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.5份和叔丁基邻苯二酚2.5份。
本实施例阻燃型双组分胶黏剂的制备方法为：
1)制备改性异氰酸酯预聚体：按重量份称取MDI三聚体、PEG400、N,N-双(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯、二月桂酸二丁基锡和叔丁基邻苯二酚，将MDI三聚体和PEG400混合均匀，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡，在氮气保护下75℃加热4h，制得异氰酸酯树脂，将N,N-双(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯在120℃下抽真空1.5h，降温至25℃后加入异氰酸酯树脂，90℃下反应3.5h后加入叔丁基邻苯二酚，保温1h后，制得改性异氰酸酯预聚体；
2)制备阻燃型双组分胶黏剂：按重量百分比称取A组分和B组分各物质，分别在抽真空状态下混合均匀后独立存储。
实施例3
一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，包括A组分和B组分，A组分和B组分分别由以下重量百分比的物质组成，
A组分：改性异氰酸酯预聚体55％、磷酸三甲苯酯20％、石墨烯22％和萘醌3％；B组分：丙二醇30％、D200010％、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷5％、磷酸三甲苯酯30％、氧化铝25％；A组分与B组分用量的重量比为1:1。
所述改性异氰酸酯预聚体由以下重量份的物质组成：TDI二聚体180份、PCDL50030份、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯100份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.05份和磷酸5份。
本实施例阻燃型双组分胶黏剂的制备方法为：
1)制备改性异氰酸酯预聚体：按重量份称取TDI二聚体、PCDL500、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯、二月桂酸二丁基锡和磷酸，将TDI二聚体和PCDL500混合均匀，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡，在氮气保护下90℃加热2h，制得异氰酸酯树脂，将磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯在110℃下抽真空2h，降温至40℃后加入异氰酸酯树脂，70℃下反应5h后加入磷酸，保温0.5h后，制得改性异氰酸酯预聚体；
2)制备阻燃型双组分胶黏剂：按重量百分比称取A组分和B组分各物质，分别在抽真空状态下混合均匀后独立存储。
将实施例1-3所得阻燃型双组分胶黏剂进行相关性能检测，结果如表1所示。
表1.实施例1-3阻燃型双组分胶黏剂性能检测
实施例 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
操作时间(min) 15 18 13
完全固化时间(h) 24 24 24
硬度(shoreD) 50 46 55
剪切强度(MPa) 12 10 14
耐温性(℃) 120 150 120
阻燃性极限氧指数 离火自息 离火自息 离火自息
导热性(w/m·k) 1.0 1.5 1.2
从表中数据可以看出，实施例1-3所得阻燃型双组分胶黏剂具有较好的强度、耐温性、阻燃性和导热性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，包括A组分和B组分，其特征在于，A组分和B组分分别由以下重量百分比的物质组成，
A组分：改性异氰酸酯预聚体55-85%、阻燃剂a 6-20%、填料a 8-22%和稳定剂1-3%；B组分：多元醇30-75%、胺3-10%、偶联剂2-5%、阻燃剂b 10-30%、填料b 10-25%；A组分与B组分用量的重量比为1:1；
所述改性异氰酸酯预聚体由以下重量份的物质组成：异氰酸酯120-180份、二元醇30-70份、磷系阻燃剂60-100份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.05-1份和阻聚剂0.05-5份；
所述磷系阻燃剂为三(2-羰基乙基)磷盐酸盐、N,N-双(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯或磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯中的一种，所述阻聚剂为对苯二酚、叔丁基邻苯二酚或磷酸中的一种；
所述阻燃剂a和所述阻燃剂b独立地选自磷酸甲苯二苯酯、异丙基化磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯或磷酸三甲苯酯中的一种；
所述填料a和所述填料b独立地选自氧化铝、氢氧化铝或石墨烯中的一种；
所述改性异氰酸酯预聚体的制备方法包括如下步骤：按重量份称取异氰酸酯、二元醇、磷系阻燃剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡和阻聚剂，将异氰酸酯和二元醇混合均匀，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡，在氮气保护下60-90℃加热2-6h，制得异氰酸酯树脂，将磷系阻燃剂在110-130℃下抽真空1-2h，降温至15-40℃后加入异氰酸酯树脂，70-115℃下反应2-5h后加入阻聚剂，保温0.5-2h后，制得改性异氰酸酯预聚体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为IPDI、MDI、HMDI、HDI、TDI的二聚体或三聚体中的一种，所述二元醇为PPG200、PPG400、PEG400、PTMEG1000或PCDL500中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述稳定剂为对苯二酚或萘醌。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述多元醇为丙二醇或丙三醇。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述胺为4,4’-双仲丁氨基二苯基甲烷、MOCA、D5000或D2000中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的阻燃型双组分胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧) 丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-（甲基丙烯酰氧）丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三（β-甲氧基乙氧基）硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷或乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述的阻燃型双组分胶黏剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）制备改性异氰酸酯预聚体：按重量份称取异氰酸酯、二元醇、磷系阻燃剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡和阻聚剂，将异氰酸酯和二元醇混合均匀，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡，在氮气保护下60-90℃加热2-6h，制得异氰酸酯树脂，将磷系阻燃剂在110-130℃下抽真空1-2h，降温至15-40℃后加入异氰酸酯树脂，70-115℃下反应2-5h后加入阻聚剂，保温0.5-2h后，制得改性异氰酸酯预聚体；
2）制备阻燃型双组分胶黏剂：按重量百分比称取A组分和B组分各物质，分别在抽真空状态下混合均匀后独立存储。
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