CN110182787A - A kind of devices and methods therefor of continuous growth carbon nanotube - Google Patents

A kind of devices and methods therefor of continuous growth carbon nanotube Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110182787A
CN110182787A CN201910533877.XA CN201910533877A CN110182787A CN 110182787 A CN110182787 A CN 110182787A CN 201910533877 A CN201910533877 A CN 201910533877A CN 110182787 A CN110182787 A CN 110182787A
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chamber
arc
gas
carbon nanotube
carbon source
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CN110182787B (en
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阮超
陈名海
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Jiangxi Copper Industry Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangxi Copper Industry Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/16Preparation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/16Preparation
    • C01B32/162Preparation characterised by catalysts

Abstract

The present invention relates to heat from arcing plasma method technical fields, more particularly to a kind of arcing device and its method of continuous growth carbon nanotube, the high temperature and ion bombardment double action efficient catalytic which is generated by electric arc hot plasma crack carbon source material, recrystallize the carbon nanotube for generating high graphitization degree.Device mainly includes arc chamber, thermostatic chamber and settling chamber, and is sequentially connected in series by pipeline.Graphite arc slot cathode in arc chamber containing metal anode and with bent angle injects arc chamber by graphite cuvette to striking gas, forms stable electric arc after applying voltage between two electrodes.Heat-insulation and heat-preservation shell is all made of outside arc chamber, and settling chamber then uses Double water-cooled stainless steel cavity wall, is equipped with cage collection device in settling chamber.Start to grow after carbon source material enters thermostatic chamber after arc chamber is catalytically decomposed, and most agglomerate in settling chamber finally, the gas not reacted completely, which can be collected further, to be injected the combination unit and carry out circulation catalysis reaction.

Description

A kind of devices and methods therefor of continuous growth carbon nanotube
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat from arcing plasma method technical fields, more particularly to a kind of continuous growth carbon nanotube Arcing device and its method.
Background technique
Arc discharge belongs to a kind of self-maintained discharge mode most strong in gas discharge: when power supply provides the electricity of relatively high power When energy, voltage across poles only needs tens volts, and the gas between the two poles of the earth may proceed through stronger electric current (5 ~ 600A) and be ionized shape At plasma, strong radiance is issued while generating high temperature (2000 ~ 10000 DEG C).It is double in high-temperature electric arc and ion bombardment Under recast is used, it might even be possible to evaporate the high-melting-point substances such as graphite, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, recrystallize obtained high purity metal and alloy Deng;Arc discharge can be also used for the halogenation of metal oxide, thermal cracking of low boiling point hydrocarbon etc. and react, therefore electric arc Electric discharge has high engineering application value.
Arc discharge method is a kind of conventional method for preparing high-crystallinity carbon nanomaterial, CN 1823006 A, CN The Chinese patents such as 102009974 A of 2475983Y, CN 1765735 A and CN are described using conventional arc electric discharge, benefit With the arcing device or method of graphite ablation electrode growth carbon nanomaterial, and graphite electrode vaporizing ablation is forced to need very high temperature Degree (fusing point is 3850 ± 50 DEG C, and boiling point is 4250 DEG C), and then increase the whole energy consumption of Arc System;On the other hand, ablation Graphite anode influenced to be easy to exhaust by its size, need to wait at this time electric arc furnaces it is completely cooling after, emptying opens electric arc furnaces more It changes graphite anode to be vacuumized again, is passed through ionized gas preheating and repeats electric arc reaction, significantly reduce preparation efficiency, it is difficult to use In industrialized mass production.
The present invention reaches continuous growth high-crystallinity carbon by being persistently passed through hydrocarbon material to electric arc reaction chamber The target of nanotube.On the one hand, catalytic decomposition temperature (600 ~ 1000 DEG C), electric arc lower than graphite of most hydrocarbons System energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the carbon atom concn of evaporation can also be efficiently controlled using hydrocarbon, will not be as using stone The high solid electrode of the phosphorus content such as ink is easy to produce amorphous carbon impurity;Meanwhile traditional ablation graphite anode is become into metal Powder anode, in arc discharge process, metal anode, which is gradually warmed up, can't cause large area ablation phenomen, but melt simultaneously Atom level catalyst of the slow evaporation as catalytic hydrocarbon, can efficient growth high-crystallinity carbon nanotube.Another party Face, because can be packed into a large amount of metal in arc chamber bottom, electric arc reaction can be long lasting for progress;If necessary into The one step extension reaction time enhances production capacities, and can also install the spout of supplement metal-powder additional at the top of arc chamber.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of the device of continuous growth carbon nanotube, to solve the prior art Above-mentioned and other potential problems in any problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is: a kind of device of continuous growth carbon nanotube, Described device includes the arc chamber, thermostatic chamber and settling chamber being successively tightly connected by pipeline,
The arc chamber includes partiting thermal insulation outer wall and hollow reaction chamber,
Wherein, be equipped with cathode inside the hollow reaction chamber, the cathode internal is equipped with hollow air inlet gas circuit, it is described it is hollow into Gas gas circuit one end is connect with the reaction gas cylinder being arranged on the outside of arc chamber, the hollow reaction chamber of the other end of the cathode Bottom is equipped with anode, and the arc-welding set of starting arc is equipped between the cathode and anode.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cathode is graphite arc slot, and one end of the graphite arc slot is inlet end, separately One end is outlet side, has certain angle between the inlet end and outlet side, and the value range of the angle is 90-150 °, To effectively prevent after the starting the arc electric arc to cause anode loss to cathode internal infiltration.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the metal anode is the transition metal with catalytic performance, and form includes metal Piece, metal fillings, metal block or metal-powder, purity are greater than 99.9%.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermostatic chamber, which is protected or is placed in using thermoinsulated external wall in the tube furnace of bedroom, keeps permanent Temperature.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the settling chamber includes Double water-cooled stainless steel cavity wall and internal chamber, the inside Chamber is equipped with the collection device being made of several rotatable stainless steel filtering nets.
The another object of the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kind of method using above-mentioned device preparation carbon nanotube, this method Specifically include following methods,
S1 it is P that arc chamber, which first) is evacuated to vacuum degree,0, 0 < P0< 100Pa, then striking gas and carbon source object are passed through into arc chamber Matter;
S2 arc-welding set power supply) is opened, applies voltage U in yin-yang interpolar0, 5V≤U0≤ 50V is opening vacuum pump at arc, Adjusting vacuum degree makes the vacuum degree of arc chamber maintain 60000 Pa to being again turned on vacuum pump,
Metal anode, which is gradually melted and evaporated, starts catalytic pyrolysis carbon source material, and the presomas such as carbonium ion of formation enter constant temperature The room preliminary growth C relatively low at electronic state2Or aromatic ring,
S3 the carbon nanomaterial that settling chamber is quickly cooled to high-crystallinity) is entered back into.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the method also includes S4) collect settling chamber discharge tail gas can be passed through electric arc again System is reacted again or combustion heat supplying thermostatic chamber is to reduce energy consumption to pollute.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the S1) in striking gas be one or both of hydrogen, helium, argon gas.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, carbon source material in the S1 be methane, coal bed gas, biogas, acetylene, ethylene, propane, One of propylene, benzene,toluene,xylene, methanol, ethyl alcohol, butanol, acetone, butanone, natural gas are a variety of, when added carbon source Enter gas circuit after needing preheating device to gasify when being liquid under substance usual condition.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flow-rate ratio of striking gas and carbon source material is 1-10:5-1 in the gas circuit.
The function situation that the present invention combines the unit is as described below: striking gas and carbon source material are first passed through into arc chamber, Then apply voltage into arc in yin-yang interpolar, metal anode, which is gradually melted and evaporated, starts catalytic pyrolysis carbon source material, formation The presomas such as carbonium ion enter the thermostatic chamber preliminary growth C relatively low at electronic state2Or aromatic ring, it is rapid to enter back into settling chamber It is cooled into the carbon nanomaterial of high-crystallinity.The tail gas for collecting discharge can be passed through Arc System again and react or burn again Heat supply thermostatic chamber is to reduce energy consumption to pollute.
The invention has the characteristics that using metal anode slow evaporation as atom level cracking catalyst carbon source material, electric arc Process can maintain for a long time, and then reach the purpose of continuous growth carbon nanotube.In addition ensure that electric arc is split using transition thermostatic chamber Forerunner's temperature of solution is uniform, and rapid cooling crystallizes into carbon nanotube again after the atomic state of carbon is close in control presoma.System Except the inert gases such as the micro helium or argon gas stable to pilot arc are discharged, no other polluted gas are discharged.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the device of continuous growth carbon nanotube of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the scanning shape appearance figure that carbon nanotube is prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the arc discharge method and reaction time action diagram that the method for the present invention prepares carbon nanotube.
In figure:
1. arc chamber, 11. partiting thermal insulation outer walls, 12. hollow reaction chambers, 13. cathodes, 131. inlet ends, 132. outlet sides, 14. hollow air inlet gas circuit, 15. reaction gas cylinders, 16. anodes, 17. arc-welding sets, 18. electric arcs, 19, anode molten mass, 2. perseverances Greenhouse, 3. settling chambers, 31. collection devices, 32.. exhaust outlet.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of continuous growth carbon nanotube of the present invention, described device includes successively close by pipeline Arc chamber, thermostatic chamber and the settling chamber of connection are sealed,
The arc chamber includes partiting thermal insulation outer wall and hollow reaction chamber,
Wherein, be equipped with cathode inside the hollow reaction chamber, the cathode internal is equipped with hollow air inlet gas circuit, it is described it is hollow into Gas gas circuit one end is connect with the reaction gas cylinder being arranged on the outside of arc chamber, the lower end of the other end of the cathode it is described hollow anti- It answers cavity bottom to be equipped with anode, the arc-welding set of starting arc is equipped between the cathode and anode.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cathode is graphite arc slot, and one end of the graphite arc slot is inlet end, separately One end is outlet side, has certain angle between the inlet end and outlet side, and the value range of the angle is 90-150 °, To effectively prevent after the starting the arc electric arc to cause anode loss to cathode internal infiltration.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the metal anode is the transition metal with catalytic performance, and form includes metal Piece, metal fillings, metal block or metal-powder, purity are greater than 99.9%.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermostatic chamber, which is protected or is placed in using thermoinsulated external wall in the tube furnace of bedroom, keeps permanent Temperature.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the settling chamber includes Double water-cooled stainless steel cavity wall and internal chamber, the inside Chamber is equipped with the collection device being made of several rotatable stainless steel filtering nets.
The another object of the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kind of method using above-mentioned device preparation carbon nanotube, this method Specifically include following methods,
S1 it is P that arc chamber, which first) is evacuated to vacuum degree,0, 0 < P0< 100Pa, then striking gas and carbon source object are passed through into arc chamber Matter;
S2 arc-welding set power supply) is opened, applies voltage U in yin-yang interpolar0, 5V≤U0≤ 50V is opening vacuum pump at arc, Adjusting vacuum degree makes the vacuum degree of arc chamber maintain 60000 Pa to being again turned on vacuum pump,
Metal anode, which is gradually melted and evaporated, starts catalytic pyrolysis carbon source material, and the presomas such as carbonium ion of formation enter constant temperature The room preliminary growth C relatively low at electronic state2Or aromatic ring,
S3 the carbon nanomaterial that settling chamber is quickly cooled to high-crystallinity) is entered back into.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the method also includes S4) collect settling chamber discharge tail gas can be passed through electric arc again System is reacted again or combustion heat supplying thermostatic chamber is to reduce energy consumption to pollute.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the S1) in striking gas be one or both of hydrogen, helium, argon gas.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, carbon source material in the S1 be methane, coal bed gas, biogas, acetylene, ethylene, propane, One of propylene, benzene,toluene,xylene, methanol, ethyl alcohol, butanol, acetone, butanone, natural gas are a variety of, when added carbon source Enter gas circuit after needing preheating device to gasify when being liquid under substance usual condition.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flow-rate ratio of striking gas and carbon source material is 1-10:5-1 in the gas circuit.
Device in technical solution of the present invention grows the method parameter of carbon nanotube using following embodiment verifying:
Embodiment 1
The vacuum degree of package unit is evacuated to 5 Pa, closes after vacuum pump and 300 Torr argon gas is filled with by hollow air inlet gas circuit, beat Arc-welding set power supply is opened, electric current is adjusted to 200 A starting arcs, is again turned on vacuum pump, by hollow air inlet gas circuit with 750 Argon gas and methane (velocity ratio 2:1), regulating system exhaust valve, which is added, in sccm overall flow rate makes the vacuum degree of arc chamber maintain 60000 Pa reacts closing arc welding electric power supply after continuing 4h and stops reaction, after device is completely cooling, 25.6 g are collected into settling chamber Carbon nanotube.
Embodiment 2
The vacuum degree of package unit is evacuated to 5 Pa, closes after vacuum pump and 300 Torr argon gas is filled with by hollow air inlet gas circuit, beat Arc-welding set power supply is opened, electric current is adjusted to 200 A starting arcs, is again turned on vacuum pump, by hollow air inlet gas circuit with 750 Argon gas and methane (velocity ratio 2:1), regulating system exhaust valve, which is added, in sccm overall flow rate makes the vacuum degree of arc chamber maintain 60000 Pa reacts closing arc welding electric power supply after continuing 20h and stops reaction, after device is completely cooling, 135 g are collected into settling chamber Carbon nanotube.
Embodiment 3
The vacuum degree of package unit is evacuated to 5 Pa, closes after vacuum pump and 300 Torr argon gas is filled with by hollow air inlet gas circuit, beat Arc-welding set power supply is opened, electric current is adjusted to 200 A starting arcs, is again turned on vacuum pump, by hollow air inlet gas circuit with 750 Argon gas and methane (velocity ratio 2:1), regulating system exhaust valve, which is added, in sccm overall flow rate makes the vacuum degree of arc chamber maintain 60000 Pa reacts closing arc welding electric power supply after continuing 40h and stops reaction, after device is completely cooling, 248 g are collected into settling chamber Carbon nanotube, the scanning pattern of sample is as shown in Fig. 2, the carbon nano pipe purity of inventive device growth is high and length is up to tens of Micron.
In embodiment 1 ~ 3, in arc discharge vacuum drying oven, arc discharge method can use DC arc discharge, or use Alternating current arc electric discharge, or discharged using alternating current-direct current mixed arc, carbon nanotube maps to the reaction time as shown in Figure 3.
Reaction time is sequentially extended by embodiment 1 ~ 3, the yield of carbon nanotube is linearly increasing, shows that the device of invention can be with Continuous growth carbon nanotube for a long time, has volume production Commercial Prospect.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited In specific details and legend shown and described herein.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of device of continuous growth carbon nanotube, described device includes the arc chamber being successively tightly connected by pipeline, perseverance Greenhouse and settling chamber,
It is characterized in that, the arc chamber includes partiting thermal insulation outer wall and hollow reaction chamber,
Wherein, be equipped with cathode inside the hollow reaction chamber, the cathode internal is equipped with hollow air inlet gas circuit, it is described it is hollow into Gas gas circuit one end is connect with the reaction gas cylinder being arranged on the outside of arc chamber, the hollow reaction chamber of the other end of the cathode Bottom is equipped with anode, and the arc-welding set of starting arc is equipped between the cathode and anode.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cathode is graphite arc slot, the graphite arc slot One end be inlet end, the other end is outlet side, has certain angle between the inlet end and outlet side, the angle takes Being worth range is 90-150 °.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the metal anode is the transition gold with catalytic performance Belong to, form includes sheet metal, metal fillings, metal block or metal-powder, and purity is greater than 99.9%.
4. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermostatic chamber is protected or be placed in bedroom using thermoinsulated external wall Constant temperature is kept in tube furnace.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the settling chamber includes Double water-cooled stainless steel cavity wall and interior Portion's chamber, the internal chamber are equipped with the collection device being made of several rotatable stainless steel filtering nets.
6. a kind of method using the device preparation carbon nanotube as described in claim 1-5 any one, which is characterized in that should Method specifically includes following methods,
S1) arc chamber pumping is first worth to certain vacuum degree P0, 0 < P0< 100Pa, then striking gas and carbon source are passed through into arc chamber Substance;
S2 arc-welding set power supply) is opened, then yin-yang interpolar applies voltage U0, 5V≤U0≤ 50V is opening vacuum pump, is adjusting at arc Section vacuum degree makes the vacuum degree of arc chamber maintain 60000Pa to being again turned on vacuum pump, and metal anode is gradually melted and evaporated Start catalytic pyrolysis carbon source material, reacts and close arc welding electric power supply stopping after continuing 4-40h, before reacting carbonium ion of formation etc. It drives body and enters the thermostatic chamber preliminary growth C relatively low at electronic state2Or aromatic ring;
S3 the carbon nanomaterial that settling chamber is quickly cooled to high-crystallinity) is entered back into.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the method also includes S4) collect the tail that settling chamber is discharged Gas can be passed through that Arc System is reacted again or combustion heat supplying thermostatic chamber is to reduce energy consumption to pollute again.
8. method according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the S1) in striking gas be hydrogen, helium, argon One or both of gas.
9. method according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that carbon source material in the S1 be methane, coal bed gas, Biogas, acetylene, ethylene, propane, propylene, benzene,toluene,xylene, methanol, ethyl alcohol, butanol, acetone, butanone, one in natural gas Kind is a variety of.
10. method according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the stream of striking gas and carbon source material in the gas circuit Amount is than being 1-10:5-1.
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112174113A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-01-05 宁波中乌新材料产业技术研究院有限公司 Preparation method of bamboo-joint-type carbon nano tube
CN113247881A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-13 常州大学 Device and method for preparing nano carbon by methane plasma cracking
CN114160801A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-03-11 沈阳工业大学 Equipment and method for preparing alloy nanoparticles by arc process
WO2022166175A1 (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-08-11 江苏大学 Carbon nanotube preparation device and method using spark-ignition dual-fuel engine
CN115403030A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-29 江西铜业技术研究院有限公司 Device and method for preparing single-walled carbon nanotube by adopting flowing catalyst
CN116553527A (en) * 2023-06-20 2023-08-08 烯格沃(上海)纳米技术有限公司 Industrial synthesis device for single-walled carbon nanotubes

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CN102009974A (en) * 2010-11-28 2011-04-13 上海大学 Combined device for preparing single-wall carbon nano tube
US8137653B1 (en) * 2011-01-30 2012-03-20 Mcd Technologies S.A R.L. System and method for producing carbon nanotubes
CN104995134A (en) * 2013-01-22 2015-10-21 Mcd技术有限公司 Method for producing carbon nanostructures, and device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102009974A (en) * 2010-11-28 2011-04-13 上海大学 Combined device for preparing single-wall carbon nano tube
US8137653B1 (en) * 2011-01-30 2012-03-20 Mcd Technologies S.A R.L. System and method for producing carbon nanotubes
CN104995134A (en) * 2013-01-22 2015-10-21 Mcd技术有限公司 Method for producing carbon nanostructures, and device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112174113A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-01-05 宁波中乌新材料产业技术研究院有限公司 Preparation method of bamboo-joint-type carbon nano tube
WO2022166175A1 (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-08-11 江苏大学 Carbon nanotube preparation device and method using spark-ignition dual-fuel engine
CN113247881A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-13 常州大学 Device and method for preparing nano carbon by methane plasma cracking
CN114160801A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-03-11 沈阳工业大学 Equipment and method for preparing alloy nanoparticles by arc process
CN114160801B (en) * 2021-11-01 2024-03-19 沈阳工业大学 Equipment and method for preparing alloy nano particles by arc method
CN115403030A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-29 江西铜业技术研究院有限公司 Device and method for preparing single-walled carbon nanotube by adopting flowing catalyst
CN115403030B (en) * 2022-09-22 2023-09-19 江西铜业技术研究院有限公司 Device and method for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes by using flowing catalyst
CN116553527A (en) * 2023-06-20 2023-08-08 烯格沃(上海)纳米技术有限公司 Industrial synthesis device for single-walled carbon nanotubes
CN116553527B (en) * 2023-06-20 2023-12-15 烯格沃(上海)纳米技术有限公司 Industrial synthesis device for single-walled carbon nanotubes

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