CN110180400B - Conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110180400B CN110180400B CN201910377537.2A CN201910377537A CN110180400B CN 110180400 B CN110180400 B CN 110180400B CN 201910377537 A CN201910377537 A CN 201910377537A CN 110180400 B CN110180400 B CN 110180400B
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/48—Antimicrobial properties
Abstract
The invention discloses a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and a preparation method thereof. The invention mixes and spins PAn doped with DBSA and silver nitrate solution of other polymers, and then prepares the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane coated with silver nanoparticles by a coordination reduction method. The average fiber diameter of the obtained conductive nanofiber filtering membrane is 221-800 nm, the porosity is larger than or equal to 85%, the square resistance is 63-248 omega/sq, and the filtering membrane has wider fiber diameter distribution, high porosity and good conductivity. After 100-400V external voltage is applied to the filtering membrane, the filtering efficiency of particles larger than or equal to 0.3 mu m is 95% -99.95%. After the external voltage is removed, the filtering membrane can be recycled after being subjected to reverse purging. Compared with the prior art, the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane has the advantages of high filtering efficiency, low pressure drop, no ozone hazard caused by high-voltage static electricity and cyclic utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air filtering materials, and particularly relates to a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The pollution of particles in the air seriously affects the daily life and the body health of people. Porous medium filtration and high-voltage electrostatic dust collection are the main means for purifying particles at present. The traditional filtering material is difficult to realize high-efficiency low-resistance filtering of fine particles by purely mechanical capture. The high-voltage electrostatic dust removal device has small wind resistance and can be repeatedly used, but high-voltage static electricity easily generates ozone and harms human health. Due to the high specific surface area and the fluid slip effect, the nanofiber filter material has high filtering efficiency and low filtering resistance. The electrostatic spinning technology is a simple and effective method for preparing the nano-grade polymer fiber, the prepared filter material stores charges, and the capture of fine particles can be realized through electrostatic force generated by the charged fiber.
2016, 1, 19 days, a patent CN105435538A discloses a composite nanofiber air filter material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite filter material with nano polyvinyl alcohol fibers and nano polyacrylonitrile fibers distributed in a staggered manner is obtained through one-time electrostatic spinning, the diameter of the fibers is 150-1000 nm, the porosity is 75-90%, the filtration efficiency on NaCl aerosol is 99.94-99.99%, and the pressure drop is 180-600 Pa. 2016, 11, 14 and CN106757484A disclose a method for purifying PM2.5According to the electrostatic spinning electret composite fiber filter material, silicon nanowires are used as inorganic electrets and added into the polyether phthalimide spinning solution to prepare the polyether phthalimide composite fiber filter material, and the addition of the inorganic electrets enables a large amount of space charges to be carried on an electrostatic spinning fiber membrane, so that the initial filtering efficiency is improved.
The defects of the technology are as follows: the electrostatic spinning nanofiber filter material has high bulk density, and can achieve high filtering efficiency, but has high filtering resistance and high energy consumption. The charge density and the initial filtering efficiency of the filtering material can be improved by adding the inorganic electret, but the charge can be attenuated in the filtering process to cause the reduction of the filtering efficiency, and the filtering performance is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems that the existing electrostatic spinning filter material is easy to attenuate in charge, so that the filtering performance is reduced, the filter material cannot be regenerated and used, ozone is generated by high-voltage electrostatic dust removal and the like, and provides a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The invention provides a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, which consists of conductive nanofibers coated by silver nanoparticles; the average fiber diameter of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane is 221-800 nm; the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane forms a charged filtering membrane through external voltage, and when the voltage is applied to 100-400V, the filtering efficiency of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane on particles larger than or equal to 0.3 mu m is 95% -99.95%.
Preferably, the porosity of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane is greater than or equal to 85%, and the square resistance is 63-248 omega/sq.
Preferably, when no voltage is applied to the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, the filtering efficiency of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane on particles larger than or equal to 0.3 μm is 75-80%.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving silver nitrate, polymer blend particles and glucose in N, N-dimethylformamide DMF in sequence, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution A;
(2) dissolving polyaniline PAn and dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid DBSA in N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, and uniformly stirring to obtain a spinning solution C;
(4) adding the spinning solution C into an electrostatic spinning device, and spinning to obtain a polymer nanofiber membrane;
(5) and (3) dipping the polymer nanofiber membrane in a reducing agent to reduce silver nanoparticles, and then drying the polymer nanofiber membrane in vacuum at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane coated with the silver nanoparticles.
Preferably, the mass fractions of the silver nitrate, the polymer blend particles and the glucose in the solution A obtained in the step (1) are respectively 1-6%, 1-6% and 1-5%.
Preferably, the polymer blend particles in step (1) are one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or Polystyrene (PS).
Preferably, the mass fraction of the polyaniline PAn in the solution B in the step (2) is 1-5%, and the mass fraction of the dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid DBSA is 1-10%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B in the step (3) is 1: 1-1: 3.
Preferably, the electrostatic spinning device comprises a pushing injection system, a spinning solution injector, an electrostatic high voltage supply system and a rotary receiving system; the electrostatic spinning process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 8-30 kV, the distance from a needle head of the spinning solution injector to a receiving plate of the rotary receiving system is 8-20 cm, the diameter of a spinning nozzle of the electrostatic spinning device is 0.23-1.8 mm, the spinning speed is 1-5 ml/h, the spinning time is 2-6 h, the ambient temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 30-80%.
Preferably, the reducing agent is 60 to 80 mass percent of hydrazine hydrate; the polymer nanofiber membrane is soaked in a reducing agent for 1-3 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
(1) the porosity of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane provided by the invention is more than or equal to 85%, the square resistance of the membrane is 63-248 omega/sq, and the filtering membrane has wider fiber diameter distribution, high porosity and good conductivity. After 100-400V of external voltage is applied to the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, the filtering efficiency of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane on particles larger than or equal to 0.3 mu m is 95% -99.95%, and the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane has higher filtering efficiency;
(2) after the external voltage is removed, the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane can be recycled after reverse purging;
(3) the device works under low voltage, has no harm of high-voltage static electricity, does not generate ozone, and is safe and reliable;
(4) the addition of the silver nanoparticles improves the fiber conductivity, enhances the electret field and improves the filtration efficiency, and the silver nanoparticles have the functions of oxidation resistance and sterilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrospinning apparatus according to an embodiment;
the numbering in the figures is as follows: 1-a pushing injection system of an electrostatic spinning device, 2-a spinning solution injector, 3-an electrostatic high-voltage supply system and 4-a rotary receiving system;
FIG. 2 is an SEM electron micrograph of a PAn/PAN nanofiber filtration membrane without silver nanoparticles prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM electron micrograph of a PAn/PAN nanofiber filtration membrane with silver nanoparticles prepared in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a filtration apparatus; 5-conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, 6-external voltage system;
FIG. 5 is a square resistance of the conductive nanofiber filtration membranes prepared in examples 1 to 4;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the filtration efficiency and the voltage drop of the conductive nanofiber filtering membranes prepared in examples 1 to 4 as a function of an applied voltage.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the following examples and figures, but the practice of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane without silver nanoparticles and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 0.47g of PAN in 10ml of DMF, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution A;
(2) dissolving 0.3g of PAn polyaniline and 0.5g of DBSA dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in 10ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the mass ratio of 1:2, and uniformly stirring to obtain a spinning solution C;
(4) adding the spinning solution C into an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the electrostatic spinning device comprises a pushing injection system 1, a spinning solution injector 2, an electrostatic high voltage supply system 3 and a rotary receiving system 4, and the device is shown in figure 1; the electrostatic spinning process parameters in the step (4) are as follows: the voltage is 12kV, the distance from the needle head of the spinning solution injector 2 to the receiving plate of the rotary receiving system 4 is 10cm, the diameter of a spinning nozzle is 0.25mm, the spinning speed is 2ml/h, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, the ambient humidity is 52%, the thickness of the fiber membrane is controlled by the spinning time, and the PAn/PAN nano fiber membrane is obtained by spinning;
(5) drying the PAn/PAN nanofiber membrane obtained by spinning at 80 ℃ in vacuum to obtain a PAn/PAN nanofiber filtering membrane with a smooth surface, wherein a scanning electron microscope Image of the PAn/PAN nanofiber filtering membrane is shown in FIG. 2, the average fiber diameter is 502nm by using Image-pro-plus statistics, the porosity is 85%, and the test square resistance is 463 omega/sq, which is shown in FIG. 5;
applying a voltage of 100-400V, and testing the filtration efficiency and the pressure drop of the filter, wherein the filter device is shown in figure 4. Applying a voltage to the PAn/PAn conductive nanofiber filtration membrane, the efficiency increased slowly with increasing applied voltage, reaching 85.36% filtration efficiency at 400V with a pressure drop of 18Pa, see fig. 6.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 0.58g of silver nitrate, 0.58g of PAN and 0.29g of glucose in 10ml of DMF (the density is 0.948g/ml), stirring each substance until the substances are fully dissolved, adding the other substance, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution A;
(2) dissolving 0.3g of PAn polyaniline and 0.5g of DBSA dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in 10ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the mass ratio of 1:2, and uniformly stirring to obtain a spinning solution C;
(4) adding the spinning solution C into an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the electrostatic spinning device comprises a pushing injection system 1, a spinning solution injector 2, an electrostatic high voltage supply system 3 and a rotary receiving system 4, and the device is shown in figure 1; the voltage of the spinning parameters is 15kV, the distance from the needle head of the spinning solution injector 2 to the receiving plate of the rotary receiving system 4 is 12cm, the diameter of a spinning nozzle is 0.25mm, the spinning speed is 2ml/h, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, the ambient humidity is 55%, the thickness of the fiber membrane is controlled through the spinning time, and the PAn/PAN nano fiber membrane is obtained through spinning;
(5) soaking the PAn/PAN nanofiber membrane obtained by spinning in 80% hydrazine hydrate for 3h, and then drying in vacuum at 80 ℃ to obtain the Ag-PAn/PAN conductive nanofiber filter membrane, wherein a scanning electron microscope Image of the Ag-PAn/PAN conductive nanofiber filter membrane is shown in FIG. 3, the average fiber diameter is 480nm, the porosity is 87% and the test square resistance is 121 omega/sq, and is shown in FIG. 5;
applying a voltage of 100-400V, and testing the filtration efficiency and the pressure drop of the filter, wherein the filter device is shown in figure 4. When voltage is applied to the Ag-PAn/PAN conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, the efficiency is increased rapidly and then slowly along with the increase of the applied voltage, the filtering efficiency reaches 98.34% when the voltage is 400V, and the voltage drop is 18Pa, as shown in figure 6. Applying an external voltage of 400V to perform a dust holding experiment on the filtering membrane, when the pressure drop is increased to 90Pa, removing the external voltage, performing reverse purging on the filtering membrane for 10min, then applying a voltage of 400V to perform electret again, and testing the filtering efficiency to 96.53%.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 0.58g of silver nitrate, 0.58g of PVDF and 0.29g of glucose in 10ml of DMF, stirring each substance until the substances are fully dissolved, adding the other substance, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution A;
(2) dissolving 0.3g of PAn polyaniline and 0.5g of DBSA dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in 10ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a spinning solution C;
(4) adding the spinning solution C into an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the electrostatic spinning device comprises a pushing injection system 1, a spinning solution injector 2, an electrostatic high voltage supply system 3 and a rotary receiving system 4, and the device is shown in figure 1; the electrostatic spinning process parameters in the step (4) are as follows: the voltage is 12kV, the distance from the needle head of the spinning solution injector 2 to the receiving plate of the rotary receiving system 4 is 10cm, the diameter of a spinning nozzle is 0.25mm, the spinning speed is 2ml/h, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, the ambient humidity is 52%, the thickness of the fiber membrane is controlled by the spinning time, and the PAn/PVDF nano fiber membrane is obtained by spinning;
(5) soaking the PAn/PVDF nanofiber membrane obtained by spinning in 80% hydrazine hydrate for 3h, and then drying in vacuum at 80 ℃ to obtain an Ag-PAn/PVDF conductive nanofiber filter membrane, wherein the average fiber diameter is 221nm, the porosity is 88%, and the square resistance is 63 omega/sq, as shown in FIG. 5;
applying a voltage of 100-400V, and testing the filtration efficiency and the pressure drop of the filter, wherein the filter device is shown in figure 4. Voltage is applied to the Ag-PAn/PVDF conductive nanofiber filter membrane, the efficiency is rapidly increased and then slowly increased along with the increase of the applied voltage, the filtration efficiency reaches 99.95% when the voltage is 400V, and the pressure drop is 17Pa, as shown in figure 6.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 0.58g of silver nitrate, 0.58g of PS and 0.29g of glucose in 10ml of DMF, stirring each substance until the substance is fully dissolved, adding the other substance, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution A;
(2) dissolving 0.3g of PAn polyaniline and 0.5g of DBSA dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in 10ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the mass ratio of 1:3, and uniformly stirring to obtain a spinning solution C;
(4) adding the spinning solution C into an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the electrostatic spinning device comprises a pushing injection system 1, a spinning solution injector 2, an electrostatic high voltage supply system 3 and a rotary receiving system 4, and the device is shown in figure 1; the voltage of the spinning parameters is 20kV, the distance from the needle head of the spinning solution injector 2 to the receiving plate of the rotary receiving system 4 is 15cm, the diameter of a spinning nozzle is 0.5mm, the spinning speed is 2ml/h, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, the ambient humidity is 55%, the thickness of the fiber membrane is controlled through the spinning time, and the PAn/PS nano fiber membrane is obtained through spinning;
(5) and (3) soaking the PAn/PS nanofiber membrane obtained by spinning in 80% hydrazine hydrate for 3h, and then drying in vacuum at 80 ℃ to obtain the Ag-PAn/PS conductive nanofiber filter membrane, wherein the average fiber diameter is 800nm, the porosity is 90%, and the square resistance is 248 omega/sq, as shown in figure 5.
Applying a voltage of 100-400V, and testing the filtration efficiency and the pressure drop of the filter, wherein the filter device is shown in figure 4. Applying voltage to the Ag-PAn/PS conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, along with the increase of the voltage, the efficiency is rapidly increased and then slowly increased, the filtering efficiency reaches 99.2% when the voltage is 400V, and the voltage drop is 15Pa, as shown in figure 6.
With reference to the embodiments 2 to 4, the porosity of the conductive nanofiber filtration membrane provided by the invention is not less than 85%, the sheet resistance of the membrane is 63-248 Ω/sq, and the filtration membrane has a wide fiber diameter distribution, high porosity and good conductivity. After 100-400V external voltage is applied to the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, the filtering efficiency of particles with the diameter of more than or equal to 0.3 mu m is 95% -99.95%, and after the external voltage is removed, the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane can be recycled after reverse purging.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any equivalent alterations, modifications or improvements made by those skilled in the art to the above-described embodiments using the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The application of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane in filtering particulate pollution in air is characterized in that a charged filtering membrane is formed by applying voltage to the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane, and when the voltage is applied to 100-400V, the filtering efficiency of particles with the particle size of 0.3 mu m or more is 95% -99.95%;
the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane consists of conductive nanofibers coated by silver nanoparticles; the average fiber diameter of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane is 221-800 nm;
the preparation method of the conductive nanofiber filtering membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving silver nitrate, polymer blend particles and glucose in N, N-dimethylformamide DMF in sequence, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution A;
(2) dissolving polyaniline PAn and dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid DBSA in N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, and uniformly stirring to obtain a spinning solution C;
(4) adding the spinning solution C into an electrostatic spinning device, and spinning to obtain a polymer nanofiber membrane;
(5) dipping the polymer nanofiber membrane in a reducing agent to reduce silver nanoparticles, and then drying the polymer nanofiber membrane in vacuum at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain a conductive nanofiber filtering membrane coated with the silver nanoparticles;
the mass fractions of silver nitrate, polymer blend particles and glucose in the solution A obtained in the step (1) are respectively 1-6%, 1-6% and 1-5%;
the blended polymer particles in the step (1) are one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or Polystyrene (PS);
in the step (2), the mass fraction of polyaniline PAn in the solution B is 1-5%, and the mass fraction of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid DBSA is 1-10%;
the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B in the step (3) is 1: 1-1: 3;
the electrostatic spinning device comprises a pushing injection system, a spinning solution injector, an electrostatic high-voltage supply system and a rotary receiving system; the electrostatic spinning process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 8-30 kV, the distance from a needle of the spinning solution injector to a receiving plate of the rotary receiving system is 8-20 cm, the diameter of a spinning nozzle of the electrostatic spinning device is 0.23-1.8 mm, the spinning speed is 1-5 ml/h, the spinning time is 2-6 h, the ambient temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 30% -80%.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the reducing agent is 60-80% by mass of hydrazine hydrate; the polymer nanofiber membrane is soaked in a reducing agent for 1-3 hours.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2003080905A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-02 | Nano Technics Co., Ltd. | A manufacturing device and the method of preparing for the nanofibers via electro-blown spinning process |
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