CN110167134B - Method and equipment for transmitting and receiving synchronous signals - Google Patents

Method and equipment for transmitting and receiving synchronous signals Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110167134B
CN110167134B CN201910101317.7A CN201910101317A CN110167134B CN 110167134 B CN110167134 B CN 110167134B CN 201910101317 A CN201910101317 A CN 201910101317A CN 110167134 B CN110167134 B CN 110167134B
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ssb
ssbs
base station
pbch
pbch block
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CN110167134A (en
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王轶
李迎阳
吴敏
张世昌
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for sending and receiving synchronous signals, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing Listen Before Talk (LBT) operation within a predefined time window; if LBT operation is successful, SSB is sent in the time window; the SSB includes a synchronization signal SS, or the SSB includes an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH. Compared with the prior art, the invention remarkably improves the efficiency of data transmission and the access performance of a communication system by widening the time for the base station to implement LBT, namely allowing the base station to implement LBT in a predefined time window and transmitting SSB after the LBT is successful.

Description

Method and equipment for transmitting and receiving synchronous signals
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for sending and receiving a synchronization signal.
Background
In order to meet the huge traffic demands, 5G communication systems are expected to operate on high frequency band resources ranging from low frequency band up to around 100G, including licensed and unlicensed frequency bands. The unlicensed frequency band mainly considers the 5GHz frequency band and the 60GHz frequency band. We refer to a 5G system operating in an unlicensed band as an NR-U system, which may include a scenario of operating independently in an unlicensed band, a scenario of operating with an licensed band by means of a dual connection (DC, dual connectivity), and a scenario of operating with an licensed band by means of carrier aggregation (CA, carrier aggregation), as shown in fig. 1. In the 5GHz band, wireless fidelity (WiFi, wireless Fidelity) systems of the 802.11 series have been deployed, and the licensed carrier assisted access LAA systems of radar and LTE all follow the LBT (Listen before talk ) mechanism, i.e. a wireless channel must be detected before a signal is transmitted, and the wireless channel can be occupied only when it is detected that the wireless channel is idle. LBT in this band is typically omni-directional. In order to coexist with these existing systems, the NR-U system must also be based on a similar LBT mechanism. At the 60GHz band, there are a small number of 802.11ay system deployments. In order to achieve coexistence, a corresponding LBT is also required. In the 60GHz band, in order to compensate for extremely high path loss, beamforming is often used to obtain gain. The transmission with directivity is adopted on the unlicensed frequency band, so that the interference among the transmitting nodes in different directions can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the special problem of directivity is introduced.
Currently, in terms of unlicensed frequency based synchronization signals, control channel LBT mechanisms, a base station configures SMTC (SS measurement timing configuration, synchronization signal measurement timing configuration window) for a UE (user equipment) so that the UE may attempt to detect SS (synchronization signals), such as PSS (primary synchronization signal) and SSs (secondary synchronization signal), or to detect PBCH (physical broadcast channel) in each SMTC. Before sending SS or PBCH in SMTC, the base station needs to complete LBT, i.e. determine that an idle channel is available, before sending SS or PBCH. If LBT fails, SS or PBCH cannot be transmitted, which results in a decrease in transmission density of SS or PBCH, affecting transmission efficiency and cell measurement performance.
In the prior art, the base station transmits one SS in each DMTC using the same transmit power and the same transmit antenna. Therefore, the UE can combine the SSs detected in each DMTC to improve the detection performance. In a 5G communication system, however, a base station may attempt to transmit a set of SSs, which may include multiple SSs, within one SMTC (SS measurement timing configuration, synchronization signal measurement timing configuration window), and the base station may transmit the SSs using different transmit antennas or transmit beams. How the base station transmits these SSs directly affects the transmission probability of the SSs, thereby affecting the efficiency of SS transmission and the performance of cell measurement, and also affecting the UE's combining assumption of the SSs detected in each SMTC window. In addition, due to uncertainty of the base station transmitting the SS, the UE cannot determine on which time-frequency resources the PDSCH is received when receiving the downlink data channel PDSCH transmitted with the SS.
In the related art, the SS detected by the UE in the DMTC is used only for radio resource measurement (Raido resource measurement, RRM) without determining time information, such as a subframe index number, according to the SS. In a 5G communication system, however, for the scenario that unlicensed bands may be independently networked, the UE must determine the time information of this cell according to the detected SS and/or PBCH during initial access. In the licensed band, since the positions of the SSs have a certain one-to-one correspondence with the slot indexes, the UE can determine time information of the cell by detecting the SSs. However, the SS location in the unlicensed band is variable, so that the method in the prior art cannot support the UE to obtain time information of the cell.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal that can solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the defect of the prior art is overcome, and a synchronous signal transmission method and equipment with ideal data transmission efficiency are provided.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a synchronization signal transmission method, which includes the steps of:
Performing Listen Before Talk (LBT) operation within a predefined time window;
if LBT operation is successful, SSB is sent in the time window;
The SSB includes a synchronization signal SS, or
The SSB includes an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The predefined time window defines a configuration window SMTC for synchronization signal measurements or a time window for SSBs to be transmitted by the base station.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
In the time domain, one time window comprises a plurality of alternative positions;
The sending SSB within the time window includes: the time domain transmits one SSB group consecutively within one of the time windows, wherein one SSB is transmitted at one alternative location.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
In the time domain, one time window comprises a plurality of alternative position groups, and each alternative position group comprises a plurality of alternative positions;
the sending SSB within the time window includes: the time domain sequentially transmits a set of SSBs within a set of alternate locations, wherein a SSB is correspondingly transmitted at an alternate location in the set of alternate locations.
Preferably, the time domain sequentially transmits one SSB group within one alternative position group, including: the time domain sequentially transmits an SSB group within an alternate group of locations in SSB numbering order.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The plurality of alternative position groups contained in the time window are not overlapped with each other, each alternative position group contains L alternative positions except the last alternative position group, the number of the alternative positions contained in the last alternative position group is not more than L, and L is the number of SSB contained in a complete SSB group;
The time domain sequentially transmitting a set of SSBs within an alternate set of locations, comprising: the time domain continuously transmits an SSB group containing Ld SSBs.ltoreq.L within an alternate group of locations.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The plurality of alternative position groups contained in the time window are not overlapped with each other, each alternative position group contains L e alternative positions except the last alternative position group, the number of the alternative positions contained in the last alternative position group is not more than the number of SSB contained in one SSB group which is expected to be sent by the base station by L e,Le;
The time domain sequentially transmitting a set of SSBs within an alternate set of locations, comprising: the time domain sequentially transmits an SSB group containing L d SSBs within an alternative position group, ld+.l e.
Preferably, the base station may indicate through system information or higher layer signaling that the one SSB alternative location group is determined according to Le or L within one SMTC window or a window in which the SSB is transmitted.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The plurality of alternative position groups included in the time window are partially overlapped, each alternative position group comprises L alternative positions, and L is the number of SSB included in a complete SSB group;
The time domain sequentially transmitting a set of SSBs within an alternate set of locations, comprising: the time domain continuously transmits an SSB group containing Ld SSBs.ltoreq.L within an alternate group of locations.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The plurality of alternative position groups included in the time window are partially overlapped, each alternative position group includes L e alternative positions, and L e is the number of SSB included in one SSB group expected to be sent by the base station;
The time domain sequentially transmitting a set of SSBs within an alternate set of locations, comprising: the time domain consecutively transmits a SSB group comprising L d SSBs, L d≤Le, within an alternative position group.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
In the time domain, one time window comprises a plurality of alternative position groups, and each alternative position group comprises a plurality of alternative positions; one SSB group contains several SSB subgroups, one SSB subgroup contains several SSBs;
The sending SSB within the time window includes:
time domain sequentially transmitting a subgroup of SSBs within an alternative group of locations, wherein an SSB is correspondingly transmitted at an alternative location of the alternative group of locations;
returning to the step of executing the LBT operation, if the LBT operation is successful, continuing to send the next SSB subgroup, and looping until one SSB subgroup is sent, and if the LBT operation fails, stopping sending the SSB.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
In the time domain, one time window comprises a plurality of alternative position groups, the plurality of alternative position groups are not overlapped with each other, each alternative position group comprises L alternative positions except the last alternative position group, the L alternative positions sequentially correspond to SSB numbers 0,1, … … and L-1 respectively, the number of the alternative positions in the last alternative position group is not more than L, the alternative positions in the last alternative position group sequentially correspond to SSB numbers 0,1 and … … respectively, and L is the number of SSBs contained in a complete SSB group;
The sending SSB within the time window includes: and starting from any alternative position in the SMTC, transmitting an SSB group in a time domain continuously, wherein an SSB with an SSB number corresponding to the alternative position is correspondingly transmitted on one alternative position.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
In the time domain, one of the time windows comprises a plurality of alternative position groups, the plurality of alternative position groups are not overlapped with each other, each alternative position group comprises L e alternative positions except the last alternative position group, the logic numbers of the L e alternative positions sequentially correspond to the logic numbers SSB0_, SSB1_, … … and SSB Le-1 _ of the SSB respectively, and the number of the last alternative position group comprises the alternative positions is not more than L e,Le, which is the number of SSB contained in one SSB group expected to be sent by the base station;
The sending SSB within the time window includes: and starting from any alternative position in the time window, continuously transmitting an SSB group in the time domain, wherein an SSB with an SSB logic number corresponding to the alternative position logic number is correspondingly transmitted on one alternative position.
Preferably, the base station may instruct the UE through system information or higher layer signaling that the predefined SSB pattern is determined according to Le or L.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The PBCH or a demodulation reference signal DMRS of the PBCH carries at least one of the following information: information for determining the number of the SSB, information for determining the system frame number where the SSB is located, information for determining the subframe number where the SSB is located, and information for determining the time slot number where the SSB is located.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
And if the LBT operation is successful, sending the SSB in the time window, including: if the LBT operation is successful, sending SSB and corresponding channel state information reference signal CSI-RS in the time window, or sending SSB and corresponding system information RMSI in the SMTC;
the CSI-RS may be used for at least one of: radio link quality measurement, RRM, radio link quality monitoring, RLM, and beam management;
The RMSI carries at least one of the following information: information for determining the number of the SSB, information for determining the system frame number where the SSB is located, information for determining the subframe number where the SSB is located, and information for determining the time slot number where the SSB is located.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
Respectively performing listen-before-send (LBT) operation in a plurality of predefined time windows in sequence;
and if the LBT operation is successful, respectively transmitting a plurality of SSBs in the plurality of time windows, wherein SSBs with the same number are transmitted in the same beam direction.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The predefined time window defines a configuration window SMTC for synchronization signal measurements or a time window for SSBs to be transmitted by the base station.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
Respectively performing listen-before-send (LBT) operation in a plurality of time windows;
And if the LBT operation is successful, respectively transmitting a plurality of SSBs in the plurality of time windows, wherein SSBs with the SSB numbers being the integral multiple of L e are transmitted in the same beam direction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a synchronization signal receiving method, which includes the steps of:
receiving an SSB within a predefined time window, the SSB comprising a synchronization signal SS, or the SSB comprising an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
Channel measurements and/or cell detection are made based on the received SSB.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The predefined time window defines a configuration window SMTC for synchronization signal measurements or a time window for SSBs to be transmitted by the base station.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
Receiving SSB within the time window, comprising: receiving a plurality of SSBs in a plurality of time windows respectively;
After receiving SSB within the time window, comprising: SSBs located in different time windows and having the same number are determined to satisfy the quasi-matching QCL relationship.
Preferably, the determining that SSBs located in different time windows and having the same number satisfy a quasi-matching QCL relationship includes: the two SSBs in different SMTCs are determined to have the same SSB number based on their time domain locations, and the two SSBs are determined to satisfy a quasi-matching QCL relationship.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
After receiving SSB within the time window, comprising: SSBs located in different time windows and having SSB numbers differing by an integer multiple of the number Le of SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station are determined to satisfy a quasi-matching QCL relationship.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
Acquiring SSB resource indication information in the time window by any mode of a community public physical downlink control channel, a user group public physical downlink control channel and a physical downlink control channel PDCCH for scheduling a physical downlink shared channel PDSCH;
and avoiding the SSB resource position according to the SSB resource indication information so as to receive any downlink signals or downlink physical channels except SSB in the time window.
Preferably, the avoiding the SSB resource according to the SSB resource indication information, so as to receive any downlink signal or downlink physical channel except SSB in the time window, includes: and avoiding a plurality of SSB resources which are continuously distributed in the time domain in the time window according to the SSB resource indication information so as to receive any downlink signals or downlink physical channels except SSB in the time window.
Preferably, the avoiding the SSB resource according to the SSB resource indication information, so as to receive any downlink signal or downlink physical channel except SSB in the time window, includes: and avoiding any plurality of SSB resources in the time domain in the time window according to the SSB resource indication information so as to receive any downlink signals or downlink physical channels except SSB in the SMTC.
Preferably, while performing the receiving of SSB within the time window, the method further comprises:
Determining a time slot number or a subframe number where the SSB is located according to a predefined SSB pattern and the position of one SSB group indicated by the base station in the predefined SSB pattern; or (b)
And determining the time slot number or the subframe number of the SSB according to the predefined SSB pattern and the position of one SSB indicated by the base station in the predefined SSB pattern.
Preferably, the start point of the predefined SSB pattern is the start point of the first half SF or the second half SF of one specific system frame SF.
Preferably, the predefined SSB pattern is determined according to the number L e of SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station, and/or the logical number of SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station.
Preferably, the predefined SSB pattern is determined according to the number L of SSBs comprised by a set of completed SSBs, and/or the number of SSBs within the set of SSBs.
Preferably, the base station expects to transmit SSB information to the UE through system information or higher layer signaling.
Preferably, the base station may instruct the UE through system information or higher layer signaling that the predefined SSB pattern is determined according to Le or L.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of determining a random access channel occasion (PRACH timing), comprising the steps of:
Determining PRACCA corresponding to each SSB according to SSB and PRACH configuration information expected to be sent by the base station;
And determining whether the PRACH occalasion is effective or not based on the resources of the PRACH occalasion and all SSB alternative positions in the PRACH time slot where the PRACH occalasion is positioned and/or the previous time slot of the PRACH time slot.
Preferably, SSB information that the base station expects to send may be signaled to the UE through system information and/or higher layer signaling.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a base station apparatus comprising:
the LBT operation module is used for performing listen-before-send LBT operation in a predefined time window;
And a sending SSB module, if the LBT operation is successful, sending SSB in the time window, wherein the SSB comprises a synchronous signal SS, or the SSB comprises an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a user equipment, comprising:
a receiving module, configured to receive an SSB within a predefined time window, where the SSB includes a synchronization signal SS, or the SSB includes an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
and the measurement module is used for carrying out channel measurement and/or cell detection based on the received SSB.
Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the invention include but are not limited to: by relaxing the time for the base station to implement LBT, namely allowing the base station to implement LBT in a time window configured for the user equipment, and transmitting SSB after LBT is successful, the data transmission efficiency is remarkably improved, and the cell measurement performance is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a background art 5G system of the present invention operating in an unlicensed band;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first SSB transmission arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second SSB transmission arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third SSB transmission arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth SSB transmission arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for transmitting a synchronization signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for receiving a synchronization signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 (a) is a schematic diagram of a fifth SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of a sixth SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 9 (a) is a schematic diagram of a seventh SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 9 (b) is a schematic diagram of an eighth SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 10 (a) is a schematic diagram of a ninth SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 10 (b) is a schematic diagram of a tenth SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 11 (a) is a schematic diagram of an eleventh SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 11 (b) is a schematic diagram of a twelfth SSB transmission arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a thirteenth SSB transmission arrangement in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a base station apparatus for synchronization signal transmission according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a block diagram of a user equipment for synchronization signal reception according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. The term "and/or" as used herein includes all or any element and all combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As used herein, a "terminal" or "user equipment" includes both a device of a wireless signal receiver having no transmitting capability and a device of receiving and transmitting hardware having receiving and transmitting hardware capable of bi-directional communication over a bi-directional communication link, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Such a device may include: a cellular or other communication device having a single-line display or a multi-line display or a cellular or other communication device without a multi-line display; PCS (PerSonal CommunicationS Service, personal communications System) that may combine voice, data processing, facsimile and/or data communications capabilities; a PDA (PerSonal DIGITAL ASSISTANT ) that may include a radio frequency receiver, pager, internet/intranet access, web browser, notepad, calendar and/or GPS (Global PoSitioning SyStem ) receiver; a conventional laptop and/or palmtop computer or other appliance that has and/or includes a radio frequency receiver. As used herein, "terminal," "terminal device" may be portable, transportable, installed in a vehicle (aeronautical, maritime, and/or land-based), or adapted and/or configured to operate locally and/or in a distributed fashion, to operate at any other location(s) on earth and/or in space. The "terminal" and "terminal device" used herein may also be a communication terminal, a network access terminal, and a music/video playing terminal, for example, may be a PDA, a MID (Mobile INTERNET DEVICE ) and/or a Mobile phone with a music/video playing function, and may also be a smart tv, a set top box, and other devices.
First, an LBT mechanism of a base station transmitting, a UE (user equipment) receiving a synchronization signal, and a control channel in the prior art will be briefly described.
For example, in one scenario, the base station 1 may configure a user equipment to perform measurements, such as RRM measurements, on one or more cells while the user equipment is in an established radio resource configuration connection state (RRC connection) or in an RRC idle state (RRC idle), served by the base station 1. Typically, base station 1 configures SMTCs (SS measurement timing configuration, synchronization signal measurement timing configuration) for users, and the user equipment may attempt to detect SSs (synchronization signals), such as PSS (primary synchronization signal) and SSs (secondary synchronization signal), or to detect PBCH (physical broadcast channel) in each SMTC. The connected state user equipment may determine SMTC according to RRC signaling of the base station, and the idle state user equipment may determine SMTC according to the acquired SMTC information or determine information such as a period of SSB according to a system message. The connected subscriber device may also attempt to detect one or more SSs within one SMTC based on the configuration of the base station. The user equipment may perform measurements based on SSs detected within one SMTC window or the user equipment may combine the measurements of SSs detected within multiple SMTC windows that satisfy a predefined relationship. If the measurement is performed only according to the SS detected in one SMTC window, and the measurement configured by the base station for the user equipment does not need to distinguish the beam, and only the measurement and the report of the user equipment based on the cell with the minimum granularity are needed, the user equipment does not need to distinguish the directionality of the measured SS. If the measurement results of multiple SSs need to be combined, or the base station configures measurement with beam as granularity for the ue, specifically, the measurement and reporting of the measurement result need to be performed with reporting of the SS number, a set of methods needs to be designed to enable the ue to identify the number of the received SS, which is also called SSB number. An SSB may contain one SS and PBCH, or only one SS. A base station may transmit a set of SSBs, which may contain up to L SSBs. Each SSB is respectively 0-L-1 according to the time sequence number L, and the number L is called SSB number. SSBs with the same SSB number are generally considered to have similar channel characteristics, and are considered to be QCL (Quasi-collocation, quasi-matched), and may be combined. Generally, QCL refers to QCL characteristics in space, and may be classified into various types, for example, doppler characteristics and channel delay characteristics satisfy QCL, or only doppler characteristics satisfy QCL, or only spatial reception parameters satisfy QCL, or other cases, or a combination of cases. The present disclosure is not limited to the type of QCL characteristics.
For another example, in one scenario, the user equipment is in an initial access state, and the user equipment may attempt to receive the synchronization signal SS by detecting in the blind, or may attempt to detect the PBCH. Compared with the former scenario, the ue also needs to acquire the time information of the cell in which the detected SSB is located, so as to prepare for subsequent reception of system information or resources of a random access procedure. The time information includes boundaries of symbols, boundaries of slots/subframes, and system frame (SF, SYSTEM FRAME) numbers.
Typically, the base station may periodically transmit SSBs at fixed locations on carriers in the licensed band. For example, a set of SSBs are sent at fixed locations in each SMTC, so the user equipment may also find this fixed location in the SMTC by the assistance information of the base station and assume that it is not transformed for a longer time or until new assistance information is received. A set of SSBs may comprise one SSB or a plurality of SSBs. For example, in a system supporting beam-based transmission, a base station may transmit a set of SSBs, including L d SSBs, where L d +.l, each SSB may correspond to a different beam direction, or multiple SSBs may correspond to the same direction, and L d SSBs may correspond to different directions.
As shown in fig. 2, when the subcarrier spacing is 15KHz, a group of SSBs may contain a maximum of l=4 or 8 SSBs. The set of SSBs is always located within the 5ms window of the first half or the second half of a system frame (SF, length 10 ms). As shown in fig. 3, when the subcarrier spacing is 30KHz, a group of SSBs may contain at most l=4 or 8 SSBs, and there are two possible patterns, and the base station selects one pattern according to the system deployment situation. When the subcarrier spacing is 120KHz or 240KHz, a group of SSBs may contain up to l=64 SSBs. Each SSB is numbered according to time sequence, and is respectively 0-L-1, and is hereinafter abbreviated as SSB number. The number of SSBs included in the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station may be smaller than L, but the SSB numbering sequence is uniquely determined according to the time position. The base station will periodically transmit the set of SSBs, for example, with a period of 5, 10, 20, 40, 80-180 ms. Fig. 4 gives an example of a 40ms period.
The base station, when configuring SMTC for the user equipment, is not limited to the same period as SSB, for example, the SMTC period may be longer as long as the measurement performance requirement can be satisfied. And, when configuring SMTC, it needs to be guaranteed that the SMTC window at least partially overlaps with the window where SSB is sent, so that the user equipment may detect SSB in the SMTC window, and in one implementation, both may be considered as the same. In another implementation, the SMTC window and the window for transmitting SSBs only partially overlap, and it is not limited that the start points of all SSBs that the user equipment needs to measure fall at the start point position of SMTC. For example, the base station configures the ue to measure SSBs of cell a with numbers l=3 and 4, where the two SSBs may be the first slot (time slot) in the SMTC window, and may configure the base station so that the two SSBs may be other slots in the SMTC window, as long as it is guaranteed that the two SSBs may be completely contained in the SMTC window. The positions of the two SSBs remain unchanged within each SMTC window. The presence or absence of SSB in each SMTC is uncertain if the transmission of the signal is based on LBT if the transmission of the signal is required in an unlicensed band carrier or even if the transmission of the signal is required to be based on LBT in an unlicensed band carrier in order to reduce interference. In this case, the user equipment can only assume that in each SMTC there is a set of SSBs from a certain cell or no SSBs. As shown in fig. 5, it is assumed that a group of SSBs transmitted by cell a contains l=4 SSBs and starts from the first slot within the SMTC window, with both SMTC periods and SSB periods of 40ms. In the first SMTC, the cell a base station successfully completes LBT, and then the cell a base station sends a set of SSBs in the first slot and the second slot. In the second SMTC 40ms later, the cell a base station fails to complete LBT before the SSB of the first slot starts, and cannot transmit. In the third SMTC 40ms later, the cell a base station fails to complete LBT before the SSB of the first slot starts, and cannot transmit again. Accordingly, the user equipment can only detect a set of SSBs in the first SMTC, but cannot detect SSBs in the second and third SMTCs. It is clear that the decrease in SSB transmission density due to the effect of LBT necessarily affects the performance of cell measurement. Also, when the user makes an initial access, if the base station needs to pass through the LBT first, the user equipment may not detect the SSB for a long time because the base station fails to complete the LBT without transmitting the SSB, resulting in too much time delay in the cell detection procedure of the user equipment. If the ue needs to combine multiple SSBs, after detecting one SSB, the ue may not detect another SSB available for combining for a long time, which may also affect cell detection performance.
To solve this problem, a faster LBT may be employed than to transmit data. For example, the transmission of normal data is preceded by a first type of LBT (Cat-4 LBT), which typically requires several to thousands of idle carrier detection slots (CCA slots) to transmit data, while SSBs may employ faster LBTs, e.g., only 25us LBTs, which are the same as those of discovery signals (DRSs) of LAA systems of LTE, or the first type of LBT with the highest priority, i.e., LBT priority=1, to reduce the number of idle slots required.
But even with faster LBT, the probability that the base station cannot send SSB is not negligible. SSBs may be sent at a greater density, e.g., 5ms periodic, and with fast LBT. However, since the fast LBT employed for transmitting SSB is unable to transmit data, too small a period results in either that the base station always makes a fast LBT attempt to transmit SSB, but the opportunity to transmit data is lost. For example, when l=8 in fig. 2, a group of SSBs takes 4 ms, the base station tries to transmit SSBs every 5ms, and only the last 1 ms can be left for the base station to try to transmit data with a normal LBT to preempt the channel. Such efficiency is very low.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure proposes an LBT scheme for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal and a control channel.
Referring to fig. 6, the synchronization signal transmission method of the present disclosure includes the steps of:
step 101, performing listen before talk LBT operation in a synchronization signal measurement timing configuration window SMTC or a window for transmitting SSB;
In step 102, if the LBT operation is successful, an SSB is sent in the SMTC or in a window where the SSB is sent, where the SSB includes a synchronization signal SS, or where the SSB includes an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
Referring to fig. 7, the synchronization signal receiving method of the present disclosure includes the following steps:
Step 201, receiving an SSB within a synchronization signal measurement timing configuration window SMTC or a window of a transmission SSB, wherein the SSB includes a synchronization signal SS or the SSB includes an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH;
for UEs that do not obtain SMTC information, such as UEs that have not established an RRC connection just on, SSBs can only be detected blindly and/or received within a window in which SSBs are sent based on the received system information.
Step 202, channel measurement and/or cell detection is performed based on the received SSB. The channel measurements may comprise at least one of the following: RRM measurement, RLM measurement, beam measurement. The cell detection may comprise at least one of the following detection: cell ID detection, for cell virtual ID detection and cell time information detection generated by SS sequences.
The base station may configure the start of SMTC as the start of one system frame SF or the start of the latter half of SF in one SF, i.e. the start of SMTC may be an integer multiple of 5 ms. Or the base station may configure the start of SMTC to be the start of 1ms of any one of the SFs. The window for transmitting SSB may be defined as a start point of one system frame SF or a start point of the second half SF of one SF. For convenience of description, the following examples assume that the SMTC window is equal to the window transmitting SSB, except for the specific description, but the method of the present invention is applicable to the case where the two windows partially overlap, and the case where the start point of the SMTC window is any one of the start points of 1 ms.
The solution of the present disclosure can increase the probability of the base station transmitting SSB relative to the prior art described above, and may not limit the location of SSB in each SMTC, i.e. the relative location of SSB in SMTC may float in the time dimension, thereby relaxing the time requirement for LBT. Alternative locations within one SMTC window where SSBs may be sent are determined according to predefined rules. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location (or LBT from an earlier point in time, without limitation of the disclosure), and may begin transmitting a set of SSBs if LBT is successful.
In the prior art, after detecting an SSB, the ue can determine the number of the SSB by detecting the DMRS (demodulation reference signal) sequence of the PBCH of the SSB. Since the location of the SSB number is fixed, the user equipment can determine the boundary of the slot/subframe according to the SSB number and the slot/subframe number within half an SF frame. The ue may also determine whether the SSB is in the first half SF or the second half SF, and the number of SFs, based on the PBCH of the SSB.
If the SSB can float in the time dimension, existing mechanisms cannot support the user equipment to determine the SSB number and time information from the detected SSB. The present disclosure thus contemplates a methodology for the user equipment to obtain the time information via SSB or other signals. Specific implementations of the disclosed aspects are described below.
In step 301, the user equipment receives an SS.
In step 301, when the user equipment receives the synchronization signal, it may be assumed that the base station determines alternative locations where SSBs may be transmitted within one SMTC window according to a predefined rule, the base station may perform LBT before each alternative location (or LBT from an earlier point in time, the present disclosure is not limited), and if LBT is successful, may start transmitting a set of SSBs.
The predefined rule may be at least one of:
(1) The entire SMTC is divided into several intervals, i.e. several non-overlapping alternative position groups, each comprising L alternative positions, where L is the number of SSBs in one complete SSB group. For an SMTC, after the base station LBT is successful, an SSB group may be sent by selecting an alternative location group.
All alternative locations within the SMTC window or within the window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of a set of time units required for SSBs.
For each alternative position group, a complete set of L SSBs is included, with the L SSBs corresponding to SSB numbers 0-L-1, respectively. The location of this set of SSBs within the alternative set of locations is fixed. The number L d of SSBs contained in the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is less than or equal to L.
Within one SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted, the base station may attempt to transmit a set of SSBs on multiple alternative sets of locations. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location group. If LBT succeeds before a certain alternative location group, the base station may send a set of SSBs on this alternative location group and not send SSBs on other alternative location groups. In another implementation, a group of SSBs is divided into L LBT subgroups, each subgroup requiring a separate LBT, and SSBs within a subgroup may be sent consecutively. The base station may start with an alternative set of locations and continuously transmit a subgroup SSB. And after the subgroup is sent out, attempting LBT again, if LBT is successful, continuing to send SSB of the next subgroup in the same group, and cycling until one SSB group is sent out. The LBT employed before the first subgroup within a group of SSBs may be different from the LBT before the other subgroups within the group, e.g. the LBT before the first subgroup is a more conservative LBT, e.g. the slot of the CCA is longer or the directional angle of the CCA is larger, the later LBT may be faster, e.g. the direction of the 25us LBT or the CCA may be employed only including the direction of this subgroup. If all LBTs fail, the base station does not transmit SSB within one SMTC window or within the window in which SSB is transmitted.
As shown in fig. 8 (a), taking a 30KHz subcarrier spacing, l=4 as an example. The time slot occupied by a group of SSBs is 2 time slots, and the total time length is 1ms. Then there are 5 alternative groups of positions, i.e., slots 0,1,2,3,4, within the SMTC window of duration 5 ms. The base station successfully completes LBT before any one of the alternative location groups, and may transmit in the corresponding alternative location group. In fig. 8 (a), during the second SMTC window, the base station may transmit a set of SSBs during slot 1, assuming that the base station expects to transmit SSB numbers L e =l, during the first slot, assuming slot 0, before LBT is not completed, but during the second slot, completing LBT before slot 1 begins. The base station need not retransmit SSBs at other alternative locations within this SMTC; within the third SMTC window, the base station does not complete LBT until slot 4 begins, and the base station may send a set of SSBs in slot 4.
In this case, the user equipment may assume that, within each SMTC window, at most, there will be only one set of SSBs on one alternative set of locations, or no set of SSBs.
In the method, a group of alternative positions of the SSB is determined, and a complete SSB can be mapped or not as a judging basis. For example, if the candidate position sets are determined within a 5ms window, each candidate position set has a time length of 2ms, then there are only 2 candidate position sets, and the 3 rd candidate position set has only 1ms, which is insufficient to map a complete set of SSBs, and thus is not an candidate position. Thus for each of the alternate groups of locations that are of sufficient length to transmit a set of SSBs, the number of SSBs L d comprised by the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is unchanged and the number of SSBs L d comprised by the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is equal to the number of SSBs L e comprised by the set of SSBs intended to be transmitted by the base station. The base station may inform the UE of information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, indicating which SSBs of the L SSBs are transmitted through the PBCH, or indicating L e through the PBCH and assuming that the numbers of L e SSBs transmitted by the base station are 0 to L e -1, or indicating which SSBs of the L SSBs are transmitted through RMSI (REMAINING SYSTEM inforamtion, system information, also referred to as SIB 1). Or determining an alternative set of locations for a set of SSBs, including only locations mapping a portion of SSBs in the set of SSBs. For example, if the candidate position sets are determined within a 5ms window, and the time length of each candidate position set is 2ms, there are 2 complete candidate position sets, and the 3 rd candidate position set is only 1ms, and SSBs in the first half of a set of SSBs can be mapped. Then for the first 2 alternative location groups, the base station actually sent a set of SSBs containing a number L d of SSBs that may be different from the number L d of SSBs actually sent by the 3 rd alternative location group, and L d≤Le.
The user equipment may assume that, over a longer period of time, within each SMTC window, if a set of SSBs is transmitted, the number of SSBs contained within the set of SSBs within each SMTC window is the same. For example, if l=4 and L e =2, the SSBs expected to be sent by the base station are SSB2 and SSB3, then within each SMTC window, if the base station successfully completes LBT, the SSBs sent are SSB2 and SSB3. If the last alternate group of locations within one SMTC window is not long enough to contain L SSBs, the number of SSBs contained within a group of SSBs within each SMTC window may be slightly different.
When L e is less than or equal to L, if the index of SSBs that the base station expects to transmit is consecutive, e.g., l=4, L e =2, SSBs are SSB2 and SSB3, then the base station attempts to transmit both SSBs at alternative locations of SSB2 and SSB 3.
If the index of SSBs that the base station expects to transmit is discontinuous, e.g., l=4, L e =2, SSBs are indexed SSB1 and SSB3, then the base station attempts to transmit both SSBs at alternative locations of SSB1 and SSB 3. In another implementation, the base station attempts to send SSB1 and SSB3 sequentially at alternative locations of SSB0 and SSB1, i.e., the base station maps SSBs sequentially from smaller to larger SSB numbers at consecutive alternative locations of SSB.
(2) As in (1), the entire SMTC is divided into several intervals, i.e. several non-coincident groups of alternative locations, each group of alternative locations comprising L alternative locations, where L is the number of SSBs in a complete SSB group. For an SMTC, after the base station LBT is successful, an SSB group may be sent by selecting an alternative location group. All alternative locations within the SMTC window or within the window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of a set of time units required for SSBs. For each alternative position group, a complete set of L SSBs is included, with the L SSBs corresponding to SSB numbers 0-L-1, respectively. The location of this set of SSBs within the alternative set of locations is fixed. The number L d of SSBs contained in the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is less than or equal to L. The method of determining the set of alternative locations of a set of SSBs is also the same as (1) and will not be described again.
Unlike (1), when L e < L, in order to increase the probability of transmitting SSB, it can be specified that SSB number i, j satisfies when the number of SSB contained in a set of SSB that the base station expects to transmit, L e < L When, or when the difference between i and j is an integer multiple of L e, the base station may attempt to transmit SSB having a number corresponding to the alternate location at any one of the SSB alternate locations numbered i or j, and SSB i and SSB j have the same beam direction. In one implementation, the base station may prepare L SSBs in advance, which are SSBs 0~SSBL-1 respectively, and send SSBs with numbers corresponding to the candidate positions at candidate positions where the LBT is successful according to the result of the LBT, and the number of SSBs actually sent L d≤Le. Since the time at which LBT succeeds within each transmission window may be different, the number of SSBs contained within a set of SSBs within each transmission window may be different.
Taking l=4 and L e =2 as an example, the base station expects to transmit SSBs for 2 different beam directions. The base station may transmit SSB0 at an alternative location to SSB0, or the base station may transmit SSB2 at an alternative location to SSB2, SSB0 and SSB2 being transmitted on the same beam, within a transmission window, the base station only needs to transmit one of SSB0 or SSB 2; also, the base station may transmit SSB1 at an alternative location to SSB1, or the base station may transmit SSB3 at an alternative location to SSB3, with SSB1 and SSB3 being transmitted on the same beam, and within one transmission window, the base station need only transmit one of SSB1 or SSB3. The base station may prepare 4 SSBs in advance, SSB0 to SSB3, respectively. Assuming that within one SMTC window, the base station fails to complete LBT before SSB0 and SSB1 start, but completes LBT before SSB2 starts, the base station may send SSB2 and SSB3. For another example, in the next STMC window, the base station fails to complete LBT before SSB0 begins, but completes LBT before SSB1 begins, then the base station can send SSB1 and SSB2. Wherein SSB2 sent in the first SMTC window and SSB2 sent in the second SMTC window are the same beam, SSB1 sent in the first SMTC window and SSB3 sent in the second SMTC window are the same beam. It is readily apparent that within different SMTC windows, the actually transmitted SSB numbers may be different.
The base station may inform the UE of the information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, determined through SSB-PositionsInBurst parameters indicating which of the L SSBs to send in RMSI.
(3) The entire SMTC is divided into several intervals, i.e. several non-overlapping alternative location groups, each comprising L e alternative locations, where L e is the number of SSBs comprised by a set of SSBs intended to be transmitted by the base station. For an SMTC, after the base station LBT is successful, an SSB group may be sent by selecting an alternative location group.
All alternative locations within the SMTC window or within the window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of a set of time units required for SSBs of length L e.
For each alternative position group, a complete group of L e SSBs is contained, the SSBs corresponding to the SSB numbers of L e SSBs respectively can be discontinuous or continuous and different, and the number of each SSB is in the range of 0-L-1. The location of this set of SSBs within the alternative set of locations is fixed.
Whether or not the numbers of L e SSBs are consecutive, the SSB numbers are sequentially mapped to each SSB alternative position in a group of alternative SSBs in the order from the smaller SSB number to the larger SSB number in the determined alternative position. The number carried by one SSB is called an SSB actual number, and the number determined from the SSB actual number in an SSB group with the length of L e according to the sequence from the actual number to the large number is called an SSB logic number. For example, l=4, L e =2, and SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station are SSB1 and SSB3. Then, a set of SSB alternate locations contains 2 SSB alternate locations, logically numbered ssb0_and ssb1_, respectively. SSB1 has a logical number SSB0_, and SSB3 has a logical number SSB1_. For example, as shown in fig. 8 (b), taking a 30KHz subcarrier spacing, l=4 as an example. Within a transmission window of duration 5ms there are 20 alternative positions, 4 for each 1 ms. Assuming L e = 2, these 20 alternate locations may be divided into 10 SSB alternate location groups, each group having 2 SSB alternate locations with logical numbers ssb0_and ssb1_, respectively. Assuming that 2 SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station are SSB1 and SSB3, the logical number of SSB1 is SSB0_, and the logical number of SSB3 is SSB1_ in the order of the SSB indexes from small to large. The base station successfully completes LBT before any one of the alternative location groups, and may transmit in the corresponding alternative location group. In fig. 8 (b), during the second SMTC window, the base station does not complete LBT before slots 0,1,2, but completes LBT in the first SSB alternative position of slot 3, then the base station may send a set of SSBs including SSB1 and SSB3 in slot 3; in the third SMTC window, the base station does not complete LBT until slot 9, the base station may send a set of SSBs including SSB1 and SSB3 in slot 9. The resources of SSB1 and SSB3 are immediately adjacent.
The base station may inform the UE of information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, through SSB-PositionsInBurst parameter determination in RMSI (REMAINING SYSTEM inforamtion, system information, also called SIB 1) indicating which of the L SSBs to send.
Similar to (1), the determination of the set of alternative locations of SSBs may also be based on whether a complete set of SSBs of length L e can be mapped, so that for each set of alternative locations where there is a sufficient length to transmit a set of SSBs, the number of SSBs contained in the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is L d, and L d=Le. Or determining an alternative location group of the set of SSBs, which only includes locations mapping part of SSBs in the set of SSBs, and determining the number L d≤Le of SSBs included in the set of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station.
Similar to (1), within one SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted, the base station may attempt to transmit a set of SSBs of SSB length L e over multiple alternative sets of locations. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location group. If LBT succeeds before a certain alternative location group, the base station may send a set of SSBs on this alternative location group and not send SSBs on other alternative location groups. In another implementation, a group of SSBs of length L e is divided into L LBT subgroups, each subgroup requiring a separate LBT, and SSBs within a subgroup may be sent consecutively.
(4) The time required for starting a group of SSB from the initial start of the SMTC is taken as a unit, the whole SMTC is divided into a plurality of intervals, namely a plurality of non-overlapped alternative position groups, the length of each alternative position group can transmit one SSB group, and the alternative positions in the alternative position groups respectively correspond to SSB numbers 0-L-1. If the last alternate group of locations is not long enough to send a complete SSB group, then the alternate locations in the alternate group of locations correspond to SSB numbers 0,1, … …, respectively. In one SMTC, the base station continuously transmits SSBs having numbers corresponding to alternative locations starting from any one alternative location after LBT is successful at any time.
Alternate locations of all SSB groups within the SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units required for a group of SSBs. Alternate positions in an SSB among the alternate positions of the SSB group are determined at intervals of time units required for one SSB. The alternative location of an SSB is determined based on the SSB number of an SSB, i.e. the number of the SSB transmitted needs to be equal to the number of the alternative location of the SSB where it is located.
Within one SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted, the base station may attempt to transmit SSBs on an alternative set of locations for multiple SSBs. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location group. If the LBT succeeds before a certain alternative location group, the base station may send SSB on this alternative location group and not send SSB on other alternative location groups. In one implementation, the base station may start with this alternate set of locations and continuously transmit a set of SSBs. The actually transmitted set of SSBs contains the number L d of SSBs which is less than or equal to L. Each transmission is equal in L d and L d=Le. The base station may inform the UE of the information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, determined through SSB-PositionsInBurst parameters indicating which of the L SSBs to send in RMSI. In another implementation, the base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a set or portion of SSBs. For example, starting from this alternative position to the end position of the window, only the alternative position of the portion SSB, then Ld for each transmission may not be equal, where L d≤Le. In another implementation, a group of SSBs is divided into subgroups of L LBT SSBs, each subgroup SSB requiring a separate LBT, SSBs within a subgroup being transmitted consecutively. The base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a subgroup of SSBs. And after the subgroup is sent, attempting LBT again, and judging whether to send SSB of the next subgroup of the same group according to LBT result. The LBT employed before the first subgroup within a group of SSBs may be different from the LBT before the other subgroups within the group, e.g. the LBT before the first subgroup is a more conservative LBT, e.g. the slot of the CCA is longer or the directional angle of the CCA is larger, the later LBT may be faster, e.g. the direction of the 25us LBT or the CCA may be employed only including the direction of this subgroup. If all LBTs fail, the base station does not transmit SSB within one SMTC window or within the window in which SSB is transmitted.
If the duration of a set of SSBs occupies substantially the same relative to the SMTC window or windows in which SSBs are transmitted, for example, the duration is 5ms, and the set of SSBs occupies 4ms, if the base station expects the number of SSBs to transmit L e =l, method (1) cannot increase the probability of SSBs being transmitted, but method (4) can significantly increase the probability of SSBs being transmitted.
As shown in fig. 9 (a), taking a 15KHz subcarrier spacing, l=8 as an example. The time slot required for a set of SSBs is 4ms, and if L e =l, the transmission probability cannot be improved by the method of (1). According to the method of (4), it is assumed that the time resource required for one SSB is half slot,0.5ms. Alternative positions for all slots within the SMTC window are determined from the SSB pattern and numbered SSB0, SSB1, … SSB7, SSB0, SSB1. It can be seen that there are two alternative sets of locations for the SSB sets, corresponding to the two SSB sets respectively. The first alternative set of locations contains a complete set of SSBs, and the second alternative set of locations contains SSB0, SSB1 only. For SSB0 and SSB1, there are a first and a second set of alternative locations, respectively, corresponding thereto, and for SSB2 to SSB7, there is only the first set of alternative locations corresponding thereto. The base station transmits an SSB only in the alternative location corresponding to the SSB number. For example, the base station needs to send 8 SSBs, then there are only three possible choices: (a) Completing LBT before the first SSB, starting with the first SSB0, sending SSB 0-SSB 7, (b) completing LBT before the second SSB, starting with the first SSB1, sending SSB 1-SSB 7, and sending SSB0 in the second SSB0 position. (c) LBT is completed before the third SSB, SSB2 to SSB7 are sent starting from SSB2 and SSB0, SSB1 are sent in the second SSB0, SSB1 position. If the base station is allowed to transmit only part of the SSBs of the set of SSBs that it expects to transmit, e.g. 8 SSBs that the base station expects to transmit, but the base station does not complete LBT until the 5 th SSB, then the base station starts with the first SSB4, transmits SSBs 4-SSB 7 and SSBs 0, SSB1 on the second SSB0, SSB1 position. In this case, the base station does not transmit SSB2 and SSB3. In the next SMTC, the base station may eventually transmit SSBs different from the SSBs transmitted in the previous SMTC according to the LBT.
In the method, the alternative positions of a group of SSBs are determined, and a complete group of SSBs can be mapped or not as a judgment basis.
The user equipment may assume that, over a longer period of time, within each SMTC window, if a set of SSBs is transmitted, the number of SSBs contained within the set of SSBs within each SMTC window is the same. For example, if l=8 and L e =2, the SSBs expected to be sent by the base station are SSB2 and SSB3, then within each SMTC window, if the base station successfully completes LBT, the SSBs sent are SSB2 and SSB3. If the last alternate group of locations within one SMTC window is not long enough to contain L SSBs, the number of SSBs contained within a group of SSBs within each SMTC window may be slightly different.
When L e is less than or equal to L, if the index of SSBs that the base station expects to transmit is consecutive, e.g., l=8, L e =2, SSBs are SSB2 and SSB3, then the base station attempts to transmit both SSBs at alternative locations of SSB2 and SSB 3.
If the index of SSBs that the base station expects to transmit is discontinuous, e.g., l=8, L e =2, SSBs are indexed SSB1 and SSB3, then the base station attempts to transmit both SSBs at alternative locations of SSB1 and SSB3. In another implementation, the base station attempts to send SSB1 and SSB3 sequentially on alternative locations for SSB0 and SSB 1.
(5) As in (4), the time required to start a group of SSBs from the SMTC initially is taken as a unit, and the entire SMTC is divided into a plurality of intervals, i.e. a plurality of non-overlapping alternative position groups, each of which has a length capable of transmitting one SSB group, the alternative positions in the alternative position groups corresponding to SSB numbers 0 to L-1, respectively. If the last alternate group of locations is not long enough to send a complete SSB group, then the alternate locations in the alternate group of locations correspond to SSB numbers 0,1, … …, respectively. In one SMTC, the base station continuously transmits SSBs having numbers corresponding to alternative locations starting from any one alternative location after LBT is successful at any time. Alternate locations of all SSB groups within the SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units required for a group of SSBs. Alternate positions in an SSB among the alternate positions of the SSB group are determined at intervals of time units required for one SSB. The alternative location of an SSB is determined based on the SSB number of an SSB, i.e. the number of the SSB transmitted needs to be equal to the number of the alternative location of the SSB where it is located. The method of determining the set of alternative locations of a set of SSBs is also the same as (4) and will not be described again.
Unlike (4), when L e < L, in order to increase the probability of transmitting SSB, it can be specified that SSB number i, j satisfies when the number of SSB contained in a set of SSB that the base station expects to transmit, L e < L When the base station may attempt to transmit SSB having a number corresponding to the alternate location at any one of SSB alternate locations numbered i or j, and SSB i and SSB j have the same beam direction. In one implementation, the base station may prepare L SSBs in advance, which are SSBs 0~SSBL-1 respectively, and send SSBs with numbers corresponding to the candidate positions at candidate positions where the LBT is successful according to the result of the LBT, and the number of SSBs actually sent L d≤Le. Since the time at which LBT succeeds within each transmission window may be different, the number of SSBs contained within a set of SSBs within each transmission window may be different.
Taking fig. 9 (a) as an example, l=8, and the time slot required for a group of SSBs is 4ms. Assuming L e = 2, then the base station may attempt to transmit one SSB with the same number as the alternate locations at the first SSB0 alternate location, SSB2 alternate location, SSB4 alternate location, SSB6 alternate location and the second SSB0 alternate location, and the SSBs for these alternate locations have the same beam, i.e., SSBs for the same beam have 4 opportunities to attempt to transmit within a window; the base station may attempt to transmit SSBs with the same number as the alternate locations at the first SSB1 alternate location, SSB3 alternate location, SSB5 alternate location, SSB7 alternate location, and the second SSB1 alternate location, and the SSBs for these alternate locations have the same beam, i.e., SSBs for the same beam have 4 opportunities to attempt transmission within a window. Assuming that the base station completes LBT before SSB4 in the first SMTC begins, the base station transmits SSB4, SSB5 in this SMTC, and the base station completes LBT before SSB7 in the next SMTC begins, the base station transmits SSB7, SSB0 in this SMTC. Wherein SSB4 corresponds to SSB0 and SSB5 corresponds to SSB 7.
The base station may inform the UE of the information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, determined through SSB-PositionsInBurst parameters indicating which of the L SSBs to send in RMSI.
(6) The method is characterized in that the time required for starting a group of SSBs from the SMTC is taken as a unit, the whole SMTC is divided into a plurality of intervals, namely a plurality of non-overlapping alternative position groups, the length of each alternative position group can transmit an SSB group with the length of L e, the alternative positions in the alternative position groups sequentially correspond to L e SSB numbers respectively, the L e SSB numbers are sequentially ordered from small to large, the values can be discontinuous or continuous, and the range of each SSB number is 0-L-1. The number carried by one SSB is called an SSB actual number, and the number determined from the SSB actual number in an SSB group with the length of L e according to the sequence from the actual number to the large number is called an SSB logic number. For example, l=4, L e =2, and SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station are SSB1 and SSB3. Then, a set of SSB alternate locations contains 2 SSB alternate locations, logically numbered ssb0_and ssb1_, respectively. SSB1 has a logical number SSB0_, and SSB3 has a logical number SSB1_. If it is predefined that when L e < L, the actual number of SSB that the base station expects to transmit must be consecutive and start from SSB0, then the actual number is equal to the logical number.
If the length of the last alternative position group is insufficient to send a complete SSB group with the length of L e, the alternative positions in the alternative position group are orderly ordered according to the order of the SSB logical numbers from small to large, and the SSB corresponding to the rest of the non-alternative positions is not sent. In one SMTC, the base station continuously transmits SSBs having logical numbers corresponding to alternative locations starting from any one alternative location after LBT succeeds at any time.
Alternate locations of all SSB groups within the SMTC window or within the window transmitting SSBs are determined at intervals of a set of SSBs of length L e required time units. Alternate positions in an SSB among the alternate positions of the SSB group are determined at intervals of time units required for one SSB. The alternative location of an SSB is determined according to the SSB logical number of an SSB, i.e. the logical number of the transmitted SSB needs to be equal to the logical number of the alternative location of the SSB.
Within one SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted, the base station may attempt to transmit SSBs on an alternative set of locations for multiple SSBs. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location group. If the LBT succeeds before a certain alternative location group, the base station may send SSB on this alternative location group and not send SSB on other alternative location groups. In one implementation, the base station may start with this alternate set of locations and continuously transmit a set of SSBs. The set of SSBs actually transmitted contains the number of SSBs L d=Le, and L d per transmission is equal. In another implementation, the base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a set or portion of SSBs. For example, from this alternate position to the end position of the window, only the alternate position of the partial SSB, then L d per transmission may not be equal, where L d≤Le. In another implementation, a group of SSBs is divided into subgroups of L LBT SSBs, each subgroup SSB requiring a separate LBT, SSBs within a subgroup being transmitted consecutively. The base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a subgroup of SSBs. And after the subgroup is sent, attempting LBT again, and judging whether to send SSB of the next subgroup of the same group according to LBT result.
As shown in fig. 9 (b), taking a 15KHz subcarrier spacing, l=8 as an example. The time slot required for a complete set of SSBs of length L is 4ms. According to the method of (6), let L e = 2, SSBs are actually numbered SSB1 and SSB3, and logical numbers ssb0_and ssb1_. The time resource required for one SSB is half slot,0.5ms. According to the SSB pattern, 10 alternative positions of all time slots in the SMTC window are determined, and the logic numbers are SSB0_, SSB1_, … SSB0_, SSB1_. It can be seen that there are 5 alternative sets of SSB sets, corresponding to 5 SSB sets respectively. For SSB1 and SSB3 with logical numbers ssb0_and ssb1_there are 5 alternative sets of positions corresponding to them, respectively. The base station transmits an SSB only in the alternative location corresponding to the logical number of the SSB. For example, the base station needs to transmit these 2 SSBs, may complete LBT before any of these 5 ssb0_alternate locations, may sequentially transmit SSB1 and SSB3, or may complete LBT before any of the first 4 ssb1_alternate locations, may sequentially transmit SSB3 and SSB1, or may complete LBT before the last ssb1_alternate location, and may transmit SSB3.
In the method, the alternative positions of a group of SSBs are determined, and a group of SSBs with the length of L e can be mapped or not as a judgment basis.
The base station may inform the UE of information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, through SSB-PositionsInBurst parameter determination in RMSI (REMAINING SYSTEM inforamtion, system information, also called SIB 1) indicating which of the L SSBs to send.
(7) An SMTC is divided into intervals, i.e. groups of alternative locations, each of which has a length capable of transmitting one SSB group. After completing LBT, the base station continuously transmits SSBs from any one of the optional positions in any one of the optional position groups, and the transmitted SSBs may be performed out of the sequence of numbers from any number or sequentially and circularly performed from any number.
Alternate locations of all SSB groups within the SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units required for a group of SSBs. Alternate positions in an SSB among the alternate positions of the SSB group are determined at intervals of time units required for one SSB. The alternative location of one SSB is any one of the alternative locations of the SSB group.
Within one SMTC window, the base station may attempt to transmit SSBs on alternative locations of multiple SSBs. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location. If LBT succeeds before a certain alternative location, the base station may start at this alternative location, continuously transmit a set of SSBs, and not transmit SSBs at other alternative locations. The actually transmitted set of SSBs contains the number L d of SSBs which is less than or equal to L. And L d is equal for each transmission. In another implementation, the base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a set or portion of SSBs. For example, from this alternate position to the end position of the window, only the alternate positions of the partial SSBs, then L d for each transmission may not be equal. In another implementation, a group of SSBs is divided into L LBT subgroups, each subgroup requiring a separate LBT, and SSBs within a subgroup may be sent consecutively. The base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a subgroup of SSBs. After the subgroup is sent, the LBT is tried again, and whether SSB of the next subgroup of the same group is sent is judged according to the LBT result. And if the LBT is successful, continuing to transmit until the whole SSB group is transmitted. The LBT employed before the first subgroup within a group of SSBs may be different from the LBT before the other subgroups within the group, e.g. the LBT before the first subgroup is a more conservative LBT, e.g. the slot of the CCA is longer or the directional angle of the CCA is larger, the later LBT may be faster, e.g. the direction of the 25us LBT or the CCA may be employed only including the direction of this subgroup. If all LBTs fail, the base station does not transmit SSB within one SMTC window or within the window in which SSB is transmitted.
As shown in fig. 10 (a), taking a 15KHz subcarrier spacing, l=8 as an example. The time slot required for a set of SSBs is 4ms. The alternative positions of all time slots in the SMTC window are determined according to the SSB pattern and are numbered SSB0, SSB1, … SSB7, SSB0, SSB1. The base station transmits one SSB, and may transmit at any one of the alternative locations, and the SSB number of the transmitted SSB is not limited to be the same as the number of the alternative location, that is, there are 10 alternative locations in total for any one SSB. This has the advantage that there are more alternative locations for sending one SSB. In some scenarios, the base station needs to perform LBT in direction i before transmitting SSB in direction i, and the probability of transmission is improved because SSB in direction i can be transmitted at any one of the alternative positions. As shown in fig. 10 (a), the user equipment does not complete LBT in the first and second alternative locations, completes LBT in the third location, and thus may transmit a set of SSBs starting from the third alternative location, the base station may transmit with any SSB number, e.g., SSB0, SSB1, … SSB7, or may transmit SSB2, SSB3, … SSB7, SSB0, SSB1, or other order.
In the method, the alternative positions of a group of SSBs are determined, and a complete group of SSBs can be mapped or not as a judgment basis.
(8) An SMTC is divided into intervals, i.e. alternative groups of positions, each of which has a length capable of transmitting an SSB group of length L e. After completing LBT, the base station continuously transmits SSBs from any one of the optional positions in any one of the optional position groups, and the transmitted SSBs may be performed out of the sequence of numbers from any number or sequentially and circularly performed from any number.
Alternate locations of all SSB groups within the SMTC window or within a window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units required for a group of SSBs. Alternate positions in an SSB among the alternate positions of the SSB group are determined at intervals of time units required for one SSB. The alternative location of one SSB is any one of the alternative locations of the SSB group.
Within one SMTC window, the base station may attempt to transmit SSBs on alternative locations of multiple SSBs. The base station may perform LBT before each alternative location. If LBT succeeds before a certain alternative location, the base station may start at this alternative location, continuously transmit a set of SSBs, and not transmit SSBs at other alternative locations. The set of SSBs actually transmitted contains SSB number L d=Le. And L d is equal for each transmission. In another implementation, the base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a set or portion of SSBs. For example, from this alternate position to the end position of the window, only the alternate position of the partial SSB, then L d per transmission may not be equal, and L d≤Le. In another implementation, a group of SSBs is divided into L LBT subgroups, each subgroup requiring a separate LBT, and SSBs within a subgroup may be sent consecutively. The base station may start from this alternative location and continuously transmit a subgroup of SSBs. After the subgroup is sent, the LBT is tried again, and whether SSB of the next subgroup of the same group is sent is judged according to the LBT result. If LBT is successful, continuing to send until the SSB group with the whole length of L e is sent out.
As shown in fig. 10 (b), taking a 15KHz subcarrier spacing, l=8 as an example. The time slot required for a set of SSBs is 4ms. The alternative positions of all time slots in the SMTC window are determined according to the SSB pattern, and 10 alternative positions are obtained. The base station transmits one SSB, and may transmit at any one of the alternative locations, and the SSB number of the transmitted SSB is not limited to be the same as the number of the alternative location, that is, there are 10 alternative locations in total for any one SSB. This has the advantage that there are more alternative locations for sending one SSB. According to the method of (8), assuming that L e =2, SSBs are actually numbered SSB1 and SSB3, as shown in fig. 10 (b), the user equipment does not complete LBT at the 1 st to 3 rd alternative positions and completes LBT at the 4 th position, so that a group of SSBs having a length of L e may be transmitted from the 4 th alternative position, and the base station may transmit with an arbitrary SSB number, for example, SSB1, SSB3, or SSB3, SSB1 may be transmitted.
In the method, the alternative positions of a group of SSBs are determined, and a complete group of SSBs can be mapped or not as a judgment basis.
The base station may inform the UE of the information about L e through system information or higher layer signaling, for example, determined through SSB-PositionsInBurst parameters indicating which of the L SSBs to send in RMSI.
(9) An SMTC is divided into a number of possible overlapping groups of alternative locations, each having a length capable of transmitting one SSB group.
All alternative locations within the SMTC window or within the window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units of one slot or subframe (fixed to 1 ms).
For each alternative position group, a complete group of L SSBs is included, the number L d of SSBs included in the group of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is less than or equal to L, and the number L d≤Le of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station.
As shown in fig. 11 (a), a group of SSBs contains 8 SSBs for 4ms. Each of the alternative position groups is determined at 1ms subframe intervals. Assuming that each alternate set of positions needs to contain all the positions of the L SSBs, there are only 2 alternate sets of positions within the 5ms window. The first alternative set of positions is 4ms from the beginning of 5ms and the second alternative set of positions is 4ms from the 2 nd ms of 5ms, i.e. 2-5 ms.
In one implementation, similar to the method of (4), an alternate location of an SSB is determined based on the SSB number of an SSB. In fig. 11 (a), the base station completes LBT, the second alternative set of positions, before the 2 nd ms starts within the 5ms window. The transmitted SSBs are SSB2, SSB3, … SSB7, SSB0, SSB1 in this order.
In another implementation, for an alternate set of positions, numbering is started from 0 to L-1 within this alternate set of positions. That is, in fig. 11 (a), the base station completes LBT, the second alternative set of positions, before the 2 nd ms starts within the 5ms window. The SSB sent should be SSB0, SSB1, … SSB7.
(10) As in (9), an SMTC is divided into a number of possible overlapping groups of alternative locations, each group of alternative locations having a length capable of transmitting one SSB group. All alternative locations within the SMTC window or within the window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units of one slot or subframe (fixed to 1 ms). For each alternative position group, a complete group of L SSBs is included, the number L d of SSBs included in the group of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station is less than or equal to L, and the number L d≤Le of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station.
Unlike (9), when L e < L, to increase the probability of transmitting SSB, it can be specified that when the base station expects to transmit a group of SSB containing SSB number L e < L, within an alternative location group, SSB numbers i, j satisfyWhen the base station may attempt to transmit SSB having a number corresponding to the alternate location at any one of SSB alternate locations numbered i or j, and SSB i and SSB j have the same beam direction. In one implementation, the base station may prepare L SSBs in advance, which are SSBs 0~SSBL-1 respectively, and send SSBs with numbers corresponding to the candidate positions at candidate positions where the LBT is successful according to the result of the LBT, and the number of SSBs actually sent L d≤Le. Since the time at which LBT succeeds within each transmission window may be different, the number of SSBs contained within a set of SSBs within each transmission window may be different.
(11) An SMTC is divided into a number of possible overlapping groups of alternative locations, each having a length capable of transmitting an SSB group of length L e.
All alternative locations within the SMTC window or within the window in which SSBs are transmitted are determined at intervals of time units of one slot or subframe (fixed to 1 ms).
For each alternative location group, a complete set of L e SSBs is included, and the base station actually sends a set of SSBs that includes the number of SSBs L d≤Le.
In one implementation, similar to the method of (6), an alternate location of an SSB is determined based on the logical number of an SSB. If it is predefined that when L e < L, the actual number of SSB that the base station expects to transmit must be consecutive and start from SSB0, then the actual number is equal to the logical number. Let l=8 and L e =4, SSB0, SSB1, SSB3 and SSB7, respectively. In fig. 11 (b), the base station completes LBT, the second alternative set of positions, before the 2 nd ms starts within the 5ms window. The second alternate set of locations includes logical numbers SSB2_, SSB3_, SSB_0 and SSB1_, with SSB sent as SSB3, SSB7, SSB0, SSB1 in that order.
In another implementation, for an alternate set of positions, the logical numbering begins from 0 to L e -1 within this alternate set of positions. That is, in fig. 11 (b), the base station completes LBT, the second alternative position group, before the 2 nd ms starts within the 5ms window. The logical number of the transmitted SSB should be ssb0_, ssb1_, … ssb3_.
For modes (3) (6) (8) (11), when L e < L, the logical number of the SSB alternative location is determined according to L e, and the resources occupied by each SSB alternative location is determined according to that one SSB group contains L e SSBs. In another implementation, when L e < L, the logical number of the SSB alternate locations is determined according to L e, but the resources occupied by each SSB alternate location is determined according to an SSB group containing L SSBs.
In a practical system, it may happen that the start point of SMTC is not located at the start point of the first half or the second half SF. In one implementation, SSB alternate locations within SMTC are determined in accordance with the method described above. For example, assume that the start point of the 5ms window shown in fig. 9 (a) is 3ms, that is, the window is 3ms to 7ms. Although the starting point is not a multiple of 5ms, i.e., the starting point of the first half or the second half SF, the SSB candidate positions are still determined according to the starting point of SMTC as the starting point. In another implementation, the SSB candidate location may be further determined based on the method described above based on the SMTC window versus the window that sent the SSB, or based on the SMTC window starting point versus the first half or second half SF starting point. For example, only SSBs within the SMTC that correspond to the window in which the SSB is transmitted are considered SSB candidate locations, and resources outside the window in which the SSB is transmitted and within the SMTC window are not SSB candidate locations, and the base station cannot attempt to transmit the SSB at these locations. Wherein the start point of the window for transmitting SSB is the start point of the first half or the second half SF in one specific SF. For example, the start point of the 5ms window shown in fig. 9 (a) is 3ms, that is, the window is 3ms to 7ms. Assuming that the start of the SSB's transmission window is 5ms, then within SMTC, 6 SSB alternative positions of 5ms to 7ms are determined starting from only the 5ms position, and these 6 SSB alternative positions should correspond to SSB0 to SSB5, respectively. In yet another implementation, defining a base station to configure SMTC must be satisfied that the start of the SMTC window is the start of the first half or second half of the SFs.
Since the LBT needs to be performed before the signal is transmitted, and the time length T that can be continuously transmitted after the LBT is successful is related to the number of CCA (carrier detection) of the LBT, that is, the longer the T is, the more the number of CCA is required, the more compact in time the SSBs of a group of SSBs need to be transmitted are discharged as much as possible, which is beneficial to shortening the time length T for transmitting a group of SSBs, so that all SSBs can be continuously transmitted after the LBT is successful once, or the number of CCA of the LBT can be reduced, and the success probability of the LBT is improved.
The SSB of the prior art 5G NR comprises 4 symbols, wherein the first symbol is PSS, the 3 rd symbol is SSS, the 2 nd and 4 th symbols are PBCH and DMRS of PBCH. Each SSB is not adjacently discharged but is spaced as shown in fig. 2 to 5, and fig. 8 to 10, 11 (a), 11 (b). To reduce the time length T, each SSB may be placed next to the discharge (the invention is not limited to a specific pattern of signals within the SSBs), as shown in fig. 12, the length of a group of SSBs is reduced to 3ms. If a system supports multiple different emissions, the base station can inform the user which SSB pattern is used by the cell being detected when configuring the measurements for the user. For example, if the detected cell can only act as a secondary cell (Scell), the base station may transmit only PSS/SSS and PBCH without transmitting system information, thus discharging SSBs each containing only SS and PBCH in close proximity. If the detected cell can be used as a primary cell (Pcell), the base station needs to transmit PSS/SSS/PBCH and transmit system information, and thus, a reasonable method is to transmit one SSB together with the corresponding RMSI, for example, for one SSB, SSBs of 4 symbols and RMSI of 2 symbols, i.e., 6 symbols, can be transmitted, each SSB is arranged next to each other in units of 6 symbols, or SSBs are transmitted in a frequency division multiplexed manner with the corresponding RMSI, and each SSB is arranged next to the corresponding RMSI in terms of time latitude.
Another problem is that if there are spare symbols between adjacent SSBs, such as existing SSB discharge patterns, the base station may be required to perform LBT again among the spare symbols. To avoid performing LBT again, the implementation should be made as good as possible so that, after the LBT performed before the initial SSB is successful, during the continuous transmission time T, in order to achieve no gaps, the base station transmits a padding bit, or transmits other downlink signals, for example RMSI to fill up the idle symbols between adjacent SSBs.
The above-described SSB discharge scheme is applicable to any SSB transmission scheme of the present invention.
Step 302, the ue receives PBCH.
In step 302, the user equipment receives the PBCH transmitted together with the SS according to the SS received in step 301.
In step 303, the ue performs measurement according to the received SSB, and determines the cell information where the SSB is located.
And the user equipment judges the cell ID of the cell where the SS is located or judges the ID for generating the SS according to the received sequence of the SS.
According to the manner of step 301 (1) or (2) or (3), the base station needs to transmit in the same beam direction for the same SSB number position within different SMTC windows or within the window in which the SSB is transmitted. The ue may determine, according to the time positions of the two received SSBs, whether the two SSBs are located in the same SSB number position, have the same SSB number or SSB logic number, so as to determine whether the QCL relationship is satisfied, and may combine the detection results. For the approach of (2) in step 301, further, SSB number i, j satisfiesThe beam directions of SSB i and SSB j are the same, and the ue may determine, according to the time positions of the SSBs received twice, whether the difference between the two SSB numbers is an integer multiple of Le, so as to determine whether the QCL relationship is satisfied, and may combine the detection results. For example, assuming that the SMTC window or the period of sending the SSB window is Tss, and assuming that the time length of one SSB is X or the interval between two adjacent SSBs is X, and the time length of one SSB is Y or the interval between two adjacent SSBs is Y, then the ue may assume that two SSBs whose time relationship satisfies m×tss+n×x+l×y are QCL, where n=0, 1, … N-1, N is the number of alternative positions of one SMTC window or one SSB group in the SSB window, and according to the method of step 301 (1), L is the actual number of SSBs, and l=0, 1, … L-1, L is the number of SSBs included in one complete SSB group; or according to the method of step 301 (3), L is the logical number of SSBs, l=0, 1, … L e-1,Le is the number of SSBs included in one SSB group that the base station expects to transmit, and m is an integer. Or according to the method of step 301 (2), SSB numbers i, j satisfy/> When SSB i is the same as SSB j in beam direction. If the UE cannot obtain the information of L e, the UE may assume that two SSBs whose time relationship satisfies m×tss+n×x+l×y are QCL, where X is the time length of one group of SSBs or the interval between two adjacent groups of SSBs, and x=1. If the UE has obtained L e information, X is the interval between two adjacent groups SSB with the same beam, x=0.5 ms.
It will be readily seen that, at least for the method of step (1) of step 301, the user equipment can determine which SSBs satisfy the QCL relationship without receiving the PBCH. This approach may be satisfactory for measurements that only require cell granularity. I.e. for measurements requiring only cell granularity, the user may only perform step 301 and step 303 and there is no need to demodulate the PBCH in step 303. Otherwise, the user needs to perform steps 301-303.
If the user equipment is required to determine the SSB number, e.g., beam-granularity measurements and reporting are to be completed, it may be determined in one of the following ways. The ue may report the measurement result of the SS and the SSB number of the SS.
(3.1) If the measured cell is quasi-synchronized with the serving cell, for example, the time difference between the two cells is within the cyclic prefix CP, or the time difference is less than half the time interval of PSS of two adjacent SSBs, or the time difference is less than a predefined threshold, the user equipment may determine the SSB number corresponding to the detected SS according to the configured SS time position of the detected cell, the timing relationship of the detected SS with respect to the serving cell. For example, the serving cell configures a period of transmitting SSB window of 40ms, a time offset of 0 subframes, and configures detection SSB1 and SSB2 of the measured cell. Taking fig. 8 (a) as an example, the ue may assume that the clocks of the serving cell and the detected cell are substantially aligned, and based on the timing of the serving cell, the PSS is detected in the 9 th symbol in the 42 th ms, i.e. may determine to be SSB1, because this PSS is located in the position of SSB1 in the second alternative position group within the window. Assuming that the user equipment detects PSS in the 10 th symbol in 42ms, the user may also decide to be SSB1, since it is assumed that the time difference of these two cells is not more than half the time distance of PSS of two adjacent SSBs, i.e. not more than 2 symbols.
(3.2) If the measured cell is asynchronous with the serving cell, but the serving cell can obtain timing information of the measured cell, the serving cell can configure the auxiliary information of the time to enable the user equipment to determine the SSB number by configuring the measurement. The ue may determine the SSB number corresponding to the detected SS according to the configured SS time position of the detected cell, the timing relationship of the detected SS with respect to the serving cell, and the configuration time assistance information. For example, the serving cell configures a period of transmitting SSB window of the measured cell to 40ms, a time offset to 0 subframes, a time offset of the measured cell to 1 subframe with respect to the serving cell, and configures detection SSB1 and SSB2. Taking fig. 8 (a) as an example, the ue may assume that the clocks of the serving cell and the detected cell are substantially aligned, and based on the timing of the serving cell, the PSS is detected in the 9 th symbol in 43ms, i.e. may determine to be SSB1, because this PSS is located in the position of SSB1 in the second alternative position group within the window.
(3.3) If the serving cell cannot obtain the timing information of the measured cell, or the serving cell does not configure time assistance information for the user, or the user equipment is in an initial access state, the user equipment can determine the SSB number through other signals transmitted with the SS. For example, SSB numbers may be carried through DMRS (demodulation reference signals) of the PBCH, with the SSB numbers as one variable for determining an initial value of the DMRS sequence. Or the SSB number may be carried by MIB (master information block) of PBCH. Or SSB numbers may be carried over the DMRS of system information RMSI or RMSI. Or if CSI-RS (channel state information reference signal) is configured to be transmitted together with SSB, SSB numbers may be carried by time, frequency, code resources of CSI-RS. Or a plurality of other signals may be indicated in combination. For example, when l=64, 6 bits are needed to indicate SSB number, part of the bits may be carried by DMRS, and part of the bits may be carried by PBCH or RMSI.
If the ue needs to determine the time information of the cell in which the detected SSB is located, the ue may determine the number of the slot and/or the number of the SF through other signals transmitted together with the SS. The number indicating SF may be carried by PBCH or RMSI. The number of the indication slot or subframe or the indication of the first half or the second half SF may be carried by DMRS of PBCH, or DMRS of RMSI, or CSI-RS, or other reference signals, or PBCH, or RMSI. The number of the indication slot may be indicated with granularity of a time unit required for a group of SSBs. The time slot or subframe information is determined based on the pattern of predefined SSBs and the indicated set of SSBs' positions in the predefined pattern. The predefined pattern may be a pattern of one or more groups of SSB alternatives starting from the beginning of the first half or the second half of an SF. For example, assuming that a set of SSBs cannot span the front and back half SFs, and assuming that an alternate location must contain the complete set of SSBs, then one can useThe bit indicates a slot or subframe number within one SF. Taking fig. 8 (a) as an example, x=1, log 2 10=4 bits are required to indicate. Assuming that the bit indication is 0110, it indicates that SSB1 detected by the user is located in the 7 th alternative position within one SF, i.e. within the 2 nd ms within the second half 5ms of one SF. For another example, in a half SF, where a group of X 1 SSBs is included, as shown in fig. 8 (a), then the position of 5 SSBs is included in the half SF, which may be indicated by log 2(2·X1)=log2 10=4 bits. As another example, taking fig. 8 (b) as an example, x=0.5 ms, log 2 20=5 bits are required for indication. Assuming that the bit indication is 1100, it indicates that SSB3 detected by the user is located in 13 th alternative position within one SF, i.e. within 1.5ms within the second half 5ms of one SF. Since the logical number of SSB3 is ssb1_, the position of SSB3 is 9 th to 12 th symbols within 1.5 ms. If a set of SSBs can span the first and second half SFs, log 2 (10/X) bits can be used to indicate the slot or subframe number within one SF. Because the location of each SSB in each group of SSBs is predefined and each group of SSBs has a unique corresponding time slot or subframe number, the UE can infer the time slot or subframe number in which the SSB is located when receiving an indication of the SSB and which group of SSBs the SSB is located. How the base station indicates the SSB group in which the SSB is located specifically, the present invention is not limited. For example, the base station may indicate in an independent bit field or a different form whether it is the first half or the second half of the SFs and in which group SSBs the base station is in, or the base station may indicate in a bit field whether it is the first half or the second half of the SFs and in which group SSBs the base station is in, in which case the start point of the predefined pattern is the start point of the first half of the SFs of one particular SF.
According to the manner of step 301 (4) or (5) or (6), the base station needs to transmit in the same beam direction for the same SSB number position within different SMTC windows or within the window in which the SSB is transmitted. For the manner of (5) in step 301, further, SSB number i, j satisfies The beam directions of SSB i and SSB j are the same. The user equipment may determine, based on the time positions of the two received SSBs, whether the two SSBs have the same SSB number or the same SSB logical number, or whether the SSB numbers satisfy/>And thus determine whether the QCL relationship is satisfied, and may be combined. The specific method is the same as the method of (1) or (2) or (3), and the ue may assume that two SSBs whose time relationship satisfies m tss+n x+l Y are QCL. If the user is not allowed to combine multiple detection results, the base station may not be restricted to transmit in the same SSB number position in the same beam direction. For measurements that only require cell granularity, the user may perform only steps 301 and 303 and there is no need to demodulate the PBCH in step 303. Otherwise, the user needs to perform steps 301-303.
If the user equipment is required to determine the SSB number, for example, measurement and reporting with beam granularity need to be completed, the SSB number may be determined according to any one of (3.1) to (3.3).
If the ue needs to determine the time information of the cell in which the detected SSB is located, the ue may determine the number of the slot and/or the number of the SF through other signals transmitted together with the SS. As with the method of (1) or (2) or (3), the number of the indication slot is indicated with the granularity of time unit required for a set of SSBs. The time slot or subframe information is determined based on the pattern of predefined SSBs and the indicated set of SSBs' positions in the predefined pattern. Taking fig. 9 (a) as an example, assuming that a set of SSBs cannot span the front and back half SFs, and assuming that an alternative set of locations may contain only a portion of SSBs in a set of SSBs, then one may useThe bit indicates the slot or subframe number within one SF, where the time length x=4 of a complete set of SSBs. Assuming that the bit indicates 0000, it indicates that SSB1 detected by the user is located in the 1 st alternative position within one SF, i.e., within 1 st ms within the first 5ms of one SF. For another example, in half SF, where a set of X 1 SSBs is included, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), then the locations of 2 SSBs are included, then log2 (2.X 1)=log2 4 =2 bits are used to indicate. Taking FIG. 9 (b) as an example, assuming that a set of SSBs cannot span the front and back half SF, and assuming that an alternate set of locations may include only a portion of SSBs in a set of SSBs, then the/>The bits indicate the slot or subframe number within one SF, where the time length x=1 ms of a complete set of SSBs. Because the location of each SSB in each group of SSBs is predefined and each group of SSBs has a unique corresponding slot or subframe number, the UE can infer the corresponding slot or subframe number when receiving one SSB and which group of SSBs the SSB is located in.
According to the manner of step 301 (7) or (8), the base station needs to transmit in the same beam direction for SSBs of the same SSB number within different SMTC windows or within windows in which SSBs are transmitted. Unlike (1) to (4), since the relationship between the SSB number position and the SSB number in the method of (5) or (6) is not a one-to-one fixed relationship, the user equipment cannot determine the SSB number from the detected SSB time position, that is, the SSB number position, and cannot determine whether or not the two SSBs can be merged from the detected SSB time position. The base station must indicate the SSB number displayed by other information. If the user is not allowed to combine the plurality of detection results, the base station may not be restricted to transmit SSBs having the same SSB number in the same beam direction.
For measurements that only require cell granularity and are based on the results of only one detection, the user may perform only steps 301 and 303 and no demodulation of the PBCH is required in step 303. Otherwise, the user needs to perform steps 301-303.
The user equipment may determine the SSB number through other signals transmitted with the SS. For example, SSB numbers may be carried through DMRS of the PBCH, with SSB numbers as one variable to determine an initial value of the DMRS sequence. Or the SSB number may be carried by MIB of PBCH. Or SSB numbers may be carried over the DMRS of system information RMSI or RMSI. Or if CSI-RS is configured to transmit with SSB, SSB numbers may be carried by time, frequency, code resources of CSI-RS. Or a plurality of other signals may be indicated in combination. For example, when l=64, 6 bits are needed to indicate SSB number, part of the bits may be carried by DMRS, and part of the bits may be carried by PBCH or RMSI.
If the ue needs to determine the time information of the cell in which the detected SSB is located, the ue may determine the number of the slot and/or the number of the SF through other signals transmitted together with the SS. The number of the indication slot is indicated with the granularity of time unit required by one SSB. The slot or subframe information is determined based on the pattern of the predefined SSBs and the location of the indicated one of the SSBs in the predefined pattern. Taking fig. 10 (a) or 10 (b) as an example, assume that a group of SSBs cannot span the front and rear half SFs, and there are 10 alternative locations of SSBs within the half SFs. Then, the slot or subframe number within one SF may be indicated with log2 (2·10) =5 bits. Let it be assumed that the bit indication is 01100, i.e. SSBx detected by the user is located in the 13 th alternative position within one SF, i.e. the first SSB alternative position within the 2 nd ms within the second half 5ms of one SF. For another example, in half SF where X1 SSBs are included, as shown in fig. 10 (a), where 10 SSBs are included, log2 (2·x 1)=log2 20 =5 bits may be used to indicate, because each SSB location has a unique corresponding slot or subframe number, the UE can infer the corresponding slot or subframe number when it receives one SSB and receives an indication of which SSB location this SSB is located at.
According to the manner of (9) in step 301, it may be determined whether the SSB is QCL, the SSB number, and the time information of the cell in the manner of (4) or (7). According to the manner of (10) in step 301, it may be determined whether the SSB is QCL, the SSB number, and the time information of the cell in the manner of (5). According to the manner of (11) in step 301, it may be determined whether the SSB is QCL, the SSB number, and the time information of the cell in the manner of (6) or (8).
In the above-described method, the indication manner is determined according to the maximum SSB number L of a set of SSBs when the SSB number and time information, e.g., SF number, slot number, etc., are indicated with the DMRS of the PBCH and/or the PBCH, regardless of whether the UE has acquired the information of the L e. For example, in the 2GHz band, at a subcarrier spacing of 30KHz, l=8. Then, no matter what value the base station expects to send SSB number L e, the SSB number and time information are indicated in a manner corresponding to l=8. For example, 3-bit LSBs of SSB number information are indicated by DMRS, and 1-bit information indicated by front and rear half SFs is carried by PBCH. Similarly, when RMSI indicates which of the L SSBs the base station expects to send, the length of the indication information is also determined according to L, for example, indicated by a bitmap with length L.
Based on the above described method, bits for determining time information and QCL information of a cell are indicated in a system message, e.g., PBCH or RMSI, and whether or not to perform bit-level scrambling on the bits before channel coding can be determined, respectively, according to the purpose of the bit information. Based on one implementation, for bits in the PBCH used to determine cell time information, such as part of the indication bits of the SFN, front and back half SF indication bits, with SSB alternative position group indication bits, no bit level scrambling is performed prior to channel coding, and only bit level scrambling is performed after channel coding. For information bits indicating QCL, for example SSB number information Le that the base station expects to transmit, or the interval Ld of SSB indexes satisfying the QCL relationship, scrambling at a bit level is performed before channel coding. Based on another implementation, for information bits indicating QCL, for example SSB number information Le expected to be transmitted by the base station, or the interval Ld of SSB indexes satisfying the QCL relation, scrambling at the bit level is not performed before channel coding, and scrambling at the bit level is performed only after channel coding.
The scrambling sequence before channel coding is denoted as sequence 1, and the scrambling sequence after channel coding is denoted as sequence 2. To increase the combining gain of the PBCH received in different SMTC windows or windows where SSBs are transmitted, scrambling sequence 1 may be determined in one of the following ways:
(1) Scrambling sequence 1 is determined by the cell ID and part of the bits of the SFN;
(2) Scrambling sequence 1 is determined by the cell ID, part of the bits of the SFN, and SSB alternative location group indication bits;
(3) Scrambling sequence 1 is determined by the cell ID, part of the bits of the SFN, and part of the bits of the SSB alternative locations.
The determination of the partial bits of the SFN may be determined based on the hypothesized SSB transmission period and the hypothesized number of combinations. Let the SSB transmit cycle be N1 SFNs and the number of merges be N2. Then the SFN bits used to determine scrambling sequence 1 are log2 (N1) +1 bits starting from the lowest bit (LEAST SIGNIFICANT bits, LSB), consecutive log2 (N2) bits. For example, assuming that the period of transmitting SSB on the licensed band is 2 SFNs and the number of combinations is 4, SFN indication bits for determining scrambling sequence 1 are the 2 nd and 3 rd bits from the lower bits. For another example, if on an unlicensed band, the period of SSB transmission is assumed to be 4 SFNs and the number of combinations is 4, SFN indication bits for determining scrambling sequence 1 are the 3 rd and 4 th bits from the lower bits. For another example, in a communication system combining access and Backhaul (INTEGRATED ACCESS AND Backhaul, IAB), the UE may assume that the period of transmitting SSBs is 16 SFNs and the number of combinations is 2, and then the SFN indication bit for determining scrambling sequence 1 is the 5 th bit from the lower bit.
To avoid blind detection, based on one implementation, the SFN indication bits used to determine scrambling sequence 1 do not implement bit level scrambling prior to channel coding. Note that the above-described method of determining SFN indication bits of scrambling sequence 1 is not limited to unlicensed bands, but is also applicable to licensed bands, such as IAB systems.
In (2), SSB alternate location group indication may bring about a combining gain. In different SSB transmission windows, SSBs transmitted by base stations with the same SSB index may be different in each SSB transmission window. For example, the base station successfully completes LBT at the start of the first SSB alternate location group in the first SSB transmission window, transmits SSB0 and SSB1, completes LBT at the start of the second SSB alternate location group in the next SSB transmission window, and transmits SSB0 and SSB1 in the second SSB alternate location group. Then the different set of SSB alternatives results in a further increase in the randomness of the scrambling sequence 1. To avoid blind detection, based on one implementation, the SSB alternative location group and SFN indication bits used to determine scrambling sequence 1 do not implement bit-level scrambling prior to channel coding.
In (3), part of the bits of the SSB alternative positions may also bring about the combining gain. Assuming that the SSB alternative position within one SSB transmission window is N3, the alternative position information may be represented by m0=ceil (log 2 (N3)) bits. Where the lowest M1 bit may be indicated with the DMRS of the PBCH, e.g., m1=3, and the other bits are transmitted in the PBCH. Then scrambling sequence 1 may be determined from the (M0-M1) bits of SSB alternative location information. For example, there are 32 SSB alternative positions in one SSB transmission window, and LSB 3 bits of the SSB alternative position indication may be indicated by DMRS of PBCH, where the PBCH indicates 2 bits of MSB (Most significant bit) of the SSB alternative positions. Scrambling sequence 1 may be determined from bits 1 and 2 of the MSB of the SSB alternative location information. It can be seen that the SSB alternative location information indicated in the PBCH herein is equivalent to the SSB alternative location group information in (2). Or m2=log2 (Ld), the scrambling sequence 1 may be determined from (M0-M2) bits of SSB alternative location information. For example, there are 32 SSB candidate bits (m0=5) in one SSB transmission window, ld=4 (m2=2), that is, SSB index i and SSB index i+q×4 are QCL, and then scrambling sequence 1 may be determined according to bits 1 to 3 of MSB of SSB candidate location information. To avoid blind detection, based on one implementation, the partial bits and SFN indication bits used to determine the SSB alternative positions of scrambling sequence 1 do not implement bit-level scrambling prior to channel coding.
On the one hand, the scrambling method described above can improve the combining gain and avoid complex blind detection, and at the same time, the UE can also confirm the specific information of the cell where the received PBCH is located. For example, the UE may determine whether the cell is operating in unlicensed or licensed band mode by attempting to descramble scrambling sequence 1 with bits of a different SFN.
Based on the above method of step 101, SSBs may be supported to move within a time window (SMTC window or window transmitting SSBs) according to a predefined rule. During the time window, if the base station also transmits other signals, the moved SSB has an influence on the transmission and reception of the other signals. For example, a periodic signal, or a semi-static (semi-persistant) signal, which, depending on the configuration parameters, should be transmitted in a certain time slot of the time window, may collide with the SSB when this time slot also requires transmission of the SSB, for example, on time/frequency/code resources; or in the time window, the base station transmits downlink data signals, such as PDSCH, how to perform rate matching on PDSCH, so that PDSCH and SSB do not overlap; or the transmission signal collides with the SSB in the transmission direction, for example, the transmission direction of the signal is different from the transmission direction of the SSB, but the base station can transmit only one transmitted signal in the same time unit. Typically, when a periodic signal or a semi-static signal is configured, the base station also configures an SSB number satisfying the QCL relationship with the signal to indicate the transmission/reception direction of the signal. When the SSB number of the signal QCL is different from the SSB number of the SSB to be transmitted by the base station, collision may occur.
For PDSCH transmitted in SMTC window or SSB transmission window, for example RMSI, or general PDSCH, if there is a part of resources that do not overlap with SSB that may be transmitted in time or frequency domain resources, mapping of the part of resources may not consider the effect of SSB and overlap with SSB that may be transmitted in time and frequency domain resources, and it may be determined that the UE cannot receive any downlink signal or time-frequency resource of downlink physical channel other than SSB in at least one of the following ways. For example, when receiving PDSCH in SMTC, it is necessary to determine the locations of these resources avoided by PDSCH and determine rate matching or puncturing information for PDSCH. For another example, when receiving other periodic reference signals or semi-static reference signals within SMTC, the locations of the resources avoided by the reference signals need to be determined to correctly receive the reference signals. The specific method is described below taking PDSCH reception as an example, but is equally applicable to reception of other reference signals or physical channels (e.g., PDCCH) within SMTC.
Preferably, to guarantee the performance of RMSI PDSCH, the base station always allocates resources for PDSCH avoiding the resources where SSBs are located.
(A) The base station indicates resource information of SSBs contained in a current slot or a slot in each burst (transmission burst) transmitted continuously through control signaling of cell common (C-PDCCH) or user Group common (Group-SPECIFIC PDCCH) in the slot or the burst. And the user equipment determines how the base station performs rate matching or puncturing of the PDSCH and performs resource mapping according to the indicated SSB resource information, so that the indicated SSB resource information is avoided. The control signaling may be transmitted at each time slot, or at the beginning of each burst. A 1 bit may be included in the control signaling to indicate whether the PDSCH needs to avoid all SSB alternatives in this slot or burst. As shown in fig. 2, in an alternative location of 2 SSBs in one slot, 1 bit indicates whether none or all of these 2 alternative locations need to be avoided; or the control signaling may contain K bits to indicate whether the PDSCH needs to avoid which of K SSB alternative positions in this slot or burst, where K represents the number of SSB alternative positions in one slot or burst, the number of SSB alternative positions in a burst being determined according to the maximum time length of the burst. As shown in fig. 2, 2 bits indicate which of the 2 alternative locations need to be avoided in the alternative locations of 2 SSBs in one slot; or the control signaling may contain log 2 (K) bits to indicate that PDSCH is needed to avoid those SSB alternative locations in this slot or burst starting from the kth SSB alternative location and ending at the kth SSB alternative location. It is assumed here that the base station can continue to transmit SSBs once it has occupied the channel from the kth SSB candidate location until all SSBs have been transmitted.
(B) The base station indicates the resource information of the SSB contained in the time slot where the PDSCH is located through the control signaling sent by the scheduling PDSCH. For RRC connection establishment, the base station has not configured the resources for rate matching for the user, and then, when scheduling PDSCH, the control signaling may include 1 bit to indicate whether PDSCH needs to avoid all SSB candidate positions in this PDSCH; or the control signaling may contain K bits indicating whether the PDSCH needs to avoid which of K SSB alternative positions in this PDSCH, where K represents the number of SSB alternative positions in one slot; or the control signaling may contain log 2 (K) bits to indicate that PDSCH is needed to avoid those SSB candidate positions in this PDSCH starting from the kth SSB candidate position and ending at the kth SSB candidate position, where K represents the number of SSB candidate positions in one slot. It is assumed here that the base station can continue to transmit SSBs once it has occupied the channel from the kth SSB candidate location until all SSBs have been transmitted.
(C) The user assumes that the base station cannot map to any SSB alternative location within the SMTC window or SSB transmission window when transmitting PDSCH. Note that the range of any one SSB candidate location is determined based on the maximum SSB number that a group of SSBs can contain, i.e., L. The number of SSBs actually expected to be transmitted by the base station L d L, and the number of SSBs actually transmitted by the base station may be smaller than L d due to the effect of LBT.
In some scenarios, for example, when the UE does not know the determined relationship between the SSB location actually transmitted by the base station and the SSB location expected to be transmitted by the base station, the method of (2) or (5) in step 301, although the number of SSBs transmitted is the same in each transmission window in which SSBs are transmitted, the number of SSBs may be different. Therefore, the UE cannot determine the SSB number expected to be sent by the base station according to the Le information acquired previously, so that the base station can only determine that the PDSCH needs to avoid any SSB alternative position according to the L.
In some scenarios, the user equipment needs to receive PDSCH before acquiring L e information, and in this case, the base station can only determine that PDSCH needs to avoid any SSB alternative location according to L.
In determining the SSB alternate location, one implementation, if the base station configures SMTC for the UE, the UE considers all possible SSB locations within the SMTC to be SSB alternate locations. As shown in fig. 8 (a), within 5ms within the SMTC window, there are 5 groups of SSB alternatives according to l=4, each group of SSBs containing 4 SSBs. The 20 SSBs are SSB candidate positions, and the PDSCH cannot be mapped to any one of the 20 SSB candidate positions.
In another implementation, the SSB candidate locations are all possible SSB locations within a window of a predefined length of time, e.g., 5ms, within which SSBs are transmitted, starting from the first half or the second half of one SF. If the start of SMTC is not located at the start of the first half or the second half SF, SSB within the window corresponding to transmission of SSB within SMTC is taken as SSB candidate only, and PDSCH cannot be mapped thereon. For example, in fig. 8 (a), it is assumed that the start of SMTC window is subframe 13, i.e., SMTC window is 13 to 17ms. The UE once or now receives SSB/PBCH and RMSI determines that the start of the window for transmitting SSB is the start of the second half SF of one SF and the window length is 5ms. Then PDSCH cannot be mapped to any of these 12 SSB alternatives, corresponding to 3 SSBs within SMTC, i.e. 15ms start (0-9 ms is one SF, 10-19 is the second SF, 10-14 is the first half SF in the second SF, 15-19 is the second half SF), to 17ms, i.e. 3,4,5 SSBs within SMTC are SSB alternatives. The 1,2 th group SSB within the SMTC window is not SSB candidate locations, onto which PDSCH may be mapped.
(D) The user assumes that the base station cannot map to any SSB alternative location within the SMTC window or SSB transmission window that the system information indicates when transmitting PDSCH, or that the base station configures to potentially transmit SSBs. Unlike (c), in the present method, the range of any one of the SSB candidate positions is further determined according to the number L e of SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station. The information of L e may be indicated by MIB or RMSI or RRC signaling, for example. This approach is therefore better suited for PDSCH after the SSB locations actually transmitted by the base station are a subset of the SSB locations expected to be transmitted by the base station and the UE has received PDSCH containing L e information, while (c) is better suited for PDSCH reception before the UE does not know the relation of the SSB locations actually transmitted by the base station to the SSB locations expected to be transmitted by the base station or the user equipment does not acquire L e information.
The base station may indicate the location of a set of SSBs by RRC signaling and determine all SSB alternatives based on the location of the set of SSBs. For example, the window for transmitting the SSB is determined based on the information such as the SF/half SF information indicated by the PBCH and/or the system information, and the period of the SSB indicated by the system information. It is determined which SSBs in each group of SSBs within the window in which the SSBs are transmitted can be identified as SSB alternatives based on the RRC signaling of the base station, which is the same for each group of SSBs. According to the manner of step 301 (4), taking fig. 8 (a) as an example, if l=4 and L e =2, the SSB expected to be transmitted by the base station is SSB1 and SSB3, then any one SSB candidate location is an alternative location of any one SSB1 and SSB3, and the candidate locations of SSB0 and SSB2 are not included, that is, 10 candidate locations cannot map PDSCH. As another example, in the manner of step 301 (6), taking fig. 8 (b) as an example, if l=4 and L e =2, SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station are SSB1 and SSB3, and since all SSB candidate positions are candidate positions of the two SSBs, none of the 20 candidate positions can map PDSCH. The manner of (5) in step 301 is the same as that of (6) in step 301.
(E) The user assumes that when a base station transmits a PDSCH, the PDSCH cannot be mapped to a particular alternative SSB location if the resources allocated for the PDSCH overlap with the resources of that particular alternative SSB location. Moreover, the resources allocated for the PDSCH cannot overlap with the resources of other SSB locations.
The particular alternative SSB locations may be a first set of SSB locations in a predefined pattern, e.g., a set of SSBs starting at the beginning of the first half SF and/or the second half SF in one SF. As shown in fig. 8 (a), within 5ms within the SMTC window, there are 5 groups of SSB alternatives according to l=4, each group of SSBs containing 4 SSBs. Let the start of SMTC window be subframe 13, i.e. SMTC window 13-17 ms. Then, the specific alternative SSB position is the first group SSB starting from the start of the latter half of one SF, i.e. the group SSB starting from 15ms (0-9 ms is one SF, 10-19 is the second SF, where 10-14 is the first half of the second SF, 15-19 is the latter half of the second SF), i.e. group 3 SSBs within the SMTC window. Group 1,2,4,5 SSBs within the SMTC window are other SSB alternate locations. Preferably, if the base station indicates which SSBs within the set of SSBs are expected to be transmitted by the system information, then those SSBs in the set of SSBs determined by the above method that indicate to transmit are particular SSB alternatives.
(F) The user assumes that the base station cannot map to any SSB alternative location within the SMTC window or SSB transmission window when transmitting PDCCH. And the user equipment determines the resource information of the SSB contained in the time slot where the PDSCH is located according to the PDCCH sent by the base station. The PDCCH may be determined according to the manner of (a) or (b).
Preferably, in the above method, the resources that PDSCH cannot be mapped are granularity of RB, that is, PDSCH cannot be mapped to RB where SSB resources of OFDM symbols including SSB resources are located.
The resource information indicating the SSB may simply be indicated as whether or not the SSB needs to be avoided at the alternative SSB position in the slot. The SSB specific symbols and frequency domain resource information are either standard predefined, or broadcast in the PBCH, or indicated in the system information, or RRC signaling configured.
For periodic or semi-static signals transmitted within SMTC window or SSB transmission window, such as CSI-RS for CSI measurement or CSI-RS for beam management (beam management), if there is a collision with the transmitted SSB on time and frequency domain resources, the periodic or semi-static signals are discarded, or the collided resources may be determined according to the above-described manner, and the periodic signals are discarded only on the collided resources and the periodic signals are normally transmitted on the non-collided resources. If there is no collision with the transmitted SSB on time or frequency domain resources, but there is a collision of the transmitted beam direction, the periodic or semi-static signal is discarded to be transmitted, or is transmitted according to the direction of the transmitted SSB.
Among various periodic signals (excluding SSB), a reference signal for Beam-Failure-Detection-RS or for determination of a candidate Beam (Beam-Failure-Detection-RS) in radio link quality measurement (radio link quality measurement), or a reference signal for radio link quality Detection (radio link monitoring), or a reference signal for RRM measurement has a larger influence on the overall system performance than other periodic signals. To try to guarantee the transmission of these special periodic signals, transmission of a plurality of alternative locations within a predefined window, similar to SSB, may be supported. For example, for these particular periodic signals, a transmission window is also configured, with the slot granularity determining alternative locations within the transmission window. For another example, if these special periodic signals fall within SMTC windows or windows of transmit SSBs, they may be moved with SSBs in the same transmit beam direction. The transmit beam direction is the same, i.e. the SSB number satisfying the QCL relation with the periodic signal is the same as the SSB number to be transmitted. For example, one CSI-RS a for RLM is configured to transmit 1,2 th symbols in the first slot of every 40ms, corresponding to SSB0, and another CSI-RS B is configured to transmit 8,9 th symbols in the fourth slot of every 40ms, corresponding to SSB7, in the 40ms period. As shown in fig. 9 (a), it is assumed that one SSB may occupy 7 symbols of a half slot, 4 of which are PSS/SSS/PBCH, and the remaining 3 symbols may transmit padding bits. Then, if SSB0 cannot transmit at the first alternative location within the SMTC window, and a second alternative location within the SMTC window may transmit, CSI-RS a may also be transmitted with SSB 0. Accordingly, if such special CSI-RS is supported to move with SSB, the user equipment is also required to determine whether PDSCH can be mapped onto these resources when PDSCH is received. The same methods as (a) to (d) above may be employed, except that the resources to be avoided increase the resources of the CSI-RS on the SSB basis.
As described above, the ue may determine the resources of the random access procedure after acquiring the time information of the cell in which the detected SSB is located. In the prior art, the UE indicates the resources of the PRACH on the licensed band according to the received one or more SSBs, according to the received PRACH resource configuration information, such as system information or dedicated RRC signaling, and determines the respective time, and/or frequency domain, and/or codeword resources of the PRACH occalasion corresponding to each SSB according to the association rule of the predefined SSB and the PRACH occasion (PRACH occalasion). For one PRACH occasin, N SSBs may be corresponding, where N may be a positive number greater than 1 or a positive number less than 1. On unlicensed bands, it is uncertain if and where each SSB is sent in each SMTC. To avoid the impact of SSB uncertainty on PRACH resource determination, SSBs used to determine PRACH resources may be determined according to predefined rules. For example, the location of PRACH occalation for each SSB is determined based on the period of SSBs that the base station expects to transmit, the location of the SSBs, and the number of SSBs L e (e.g., determined based on SSB-PeriodicityServingCell, SSB-PositionsInBurst parameters in RMSI) that the base station expects to transmit within a group of SSBs, and PRACH configuration, regardless of whether these SSBs are not transmitted due to the effect of LBT, or are moving in time, i.e., are not determined based on the actual transmission of these SSBs. I.e. in a manner known in the art for determining PRACH occasing of the licensed band, e.g. the method described in TS 38.213 at 8.1. Or according to the period of SSB expected to be sent by the base station, a first group of SSB alternative positions in a window of SSB are sent, the number L e of SSB expected to be sent by the base station in one group of SSB, and the number of each SSB, and determining the position of PRACCasion corresponding to each SSB. The base station may notify the above information through system information. For example, the base station informs the expected SSB period in SIB1, which SSB the expected set of SSBs contains, the number of SSBs and the SSB alternate location number. Then the UE may determine a first set of SSB alternatives locations within the window in which SSBs are transmitted, the expected SSB period, and which SSBs the expected set of SSBs contains, thereby determining PRACH occalation corresponding to those expected SSBs. For the method of (2) or (5) in step 301, SSB number i, j satisfiesSSB i and SSB j of (a) correspond to the same PRACH resource. For example, l=8, le=2, and the base station indicates SSBs intended to be transmitted as SSB0 and SSB1. In the first SMTC, the base station sends SSB5 and SSB6, and in the second SMTC, the base station sends SSB0 and SSB1. Wherein SSB5 and SSB1 both correspond to the same PRACH resource and SSB0 and SSB6 both correspond to the same PRACH resource.
In another implementation manner, according to the period of SSBs expected to be sent by the base station, the number L e of SSBs expected to be sent by the base station in a group of SSBs, and the location of PRACH occalasion corresponding to each SSB is determined by the base station according to the location of the SSBs actually sent by the LBT result.
Before the UE sends the PRACH, it is necessary to determine not only the PRACH occalation, but also the effective PRACH occalation, which can be used for the PRACH transmission. PRACH occision is valid if it belongs to an uplink symbol region, e.g., an uplink symbol configured through system information or RRC signaling, or an uplink symbol region indicated through PDCCH. Or if there is no SSB alternative position earlier than PRACH occsion in the PRACH slot and there are at least Ngap symbols between this PRACH occsion and the previous downlink symbol or between the previous SSB alternative positions, then PRACH occsion is active. The SSB alternative location may be determined from L, or the SSB alternative location may be determined from L e. For example, according to the method of (1) (4) (7) in step 301, the SSB candidate locations may be determined according to L e, that is, the base station indicated by the base station expects to send SSBs that are the SSBs of the group of SSBs to determine the candidate locations of the SSBs. For example, the window for transmitting SSBs is 5-9 ms, as shown in fig. 8 (a), l=4, and L e =2, SSBs expected to be transmitted by the base station are SSB1 and SSB3, and there are 5 groups of SSB alternative positions within the window for transmitting SSBs, where each group of SSB alternative positions includes alternative positions of SSB1 and SSB 3. If PRACH occision is located at the last 2 symbols of 7ms, although the base station only transmitted a set of SSBs in the 6 th ms slot, and no SSBs were transmitted in 7ms, this PRACH occision is not valid because there are alternative locations for SSB1 and SSB3 in 7ms, which are located before PRACH occision. Also for example, following the method of (2) (3) (5) (6) in step 301, the SSB alternate locations are determined from L, i.e., including transmitting L SSB alternate locations in any one set of SSBs within the SSB window, independent of the indicated L e information. Because in these approaches, any one of the L SSB alternatives in a set of SSBs is likely to be occupied by one of the L e SSBs. Therefore, only all L SSB alternative locations can be considered as alternative locations that may affect PRACH occasin.
Referring to fig. 13, a base station apparatus for synchronization signal transmission of the present disclosure includes:
and the LBT operation module is used for performing listen before talk LBT operation in a predefined time window.
And a sending SSB module, if the LBT operation is successful, sending SSB in the time window, wherein the SSB comprises a synchronous signal SS, or the SSB comprises an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
The working process of the LBT operation module, which sends the SSB module, corresponds to steps 101 and 102 of the synchronization signal sending method of the present disclosure, and is not described herein.
Referring to fig. 14, a user equipment for synchronous reception of the present disclosure includes:
And a receiving module, configured to receive an SSB within the time window, where the SSB includes a synchronization signal SS, or the SSB includes an SS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
And the measurement module is used for carrying out channel measurement and/or cell detection based on the received SSB.
The working processes of the receiving module and the measuring module correspond to the steps 201 and 202 of the synchronization signal receiving method of the disclosure, and are not repeated here.
As can be seen from the above detailed description of the present disclosure, the present disclosure has at least the following advantageous technical effects compared to the prior art:
first, by relaxing the time for the base station to implement LBT, that is, allowing the base station to implement LBT within a predefined time window, and transmitting SSB after the LBT is successful, the efficiency of data transmission is significantly improved, and the performance of cell measurement is improved.
Secondly, a plurality of modes for transmitting SSB in a predefined time window are provided, so that the time for transmitting SSB can be flexibly configured, SSB can be transmitted after the time when any LBT is completed, the probability of successful SSB receiving of user equipment is increased, and the access performance of a system is further improved; at the same time, the proposal is provided
Thirdly, the corresponding relation between the SSB number and the time domain position is set in the mode of sending the SSB, so that the user equipment can combine SSB detection results according to the corresponding relation, and the receiving efficiency is improved.
Fourth, the provided synchronous signal sending and detecting scheme is simple in flow, does not need a complex signaling transmission process, and reduces the implementation complexity of the sending equipment and the receiving equipment.
Fifthly, the base station transmits the SSB resource position information or the SSB resource position information specified by the standard to the user equipment, so that the user equipment can avoid influencing the reception of other downlink signals or downlink channels in a predefined time window according to the SSB resource position, and the efficiency of receiving data is improved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure includes reference to apparatus for performing one or more of the operations described in the present disclosure. These devices may be specially designed and constructed for the required purposes, or may comprise known devices in general purpose computers. These devices have computer programs stored therein that are selectively activated or reconfigured. Such a computer program may be stored in a device (e.g., a computer) readable medium or any type of medium suitable for storing electronic instructions and respectively coupled to a bus, including, but not limited to, any type of disk (including floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magneto-optical disks), ROMs (Read-Only memories), RAMs (Random AcceSS Memory, random access memories), EPROMs (EraSable Programmable Read-Only memories), EEPROMs (ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE READ-Only memories), flash memories, magnetic cards, or optical cards. That is, a readable medium includes any medium that stores or transmits information in a form readable by a device (e.g., a computer).
It will be understood by those within the art that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing method to perform the functions specified in the block diagrams and/or block or blocks of the flowchart of the present disclosure, by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing method.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps in the flow, actions, schemes, and alternatives discussed in the present disclosure may be alternated, altered, combined, or eliminated. Further, other steps, measures, schemes in various operations, methods, flows that have been discussed in this disclosure may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, split, combined, or deleted. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the prior art with various operations, methods, flows disclosed in the present disclosure may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present disclosure, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present disclosure, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (20)

1. A method performed by a terminal in a wireless communication system, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
Receiving a first synchronization signal SS/physical broadcast channel PBCH block from a base station in a first transmission window;
Receiving a second SS/PBCH block from the base station in a second transmission window, wherein the length units of the first transmission window and the second transmission window are half frames, and the starting points of the first transmission window and the second transmission window are half frame starting points;
Determining that a quasi co-sited QCL relationship is satisfied between the first SS/PBCH block and the second SS/PBCH block based on a first index associated with the first SS/PBCH block, a second index associated with the second SS/PBCH block, and a value related to a number of SS/PBCH blocks;
based on the first SS/PBCH block, the second SS/PBCH block and the determined QCL relation, carrying out channel measurement and/or cell detection;
wherein the determining that the first SS/PBCH block and the second SS/PBCH block satisfy the QCL relationship includes:
And under the condition that the first modular operation result and the second modular operation result are the same, determining that QCL relation is met between a first SS/PBCH block and a second SS/PBCH block, wherein the first modular operation result is a modular operation result between the first index and a value related to the number of the SS/PBCH blocks, and the second modular operation result is a modular operation result between the second index and a value related to the number of the SS/PBCH blocks.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the first index corresponds to an index number of a first SS/PBCH block, and the index number of the first SS/PBCH block is carried by a DMRS transmitted in a PBCH;
the second index corresponds to an index number of a second SS/PBCH block, the index number of the second SS/PBCH block being carried over a DMRS transmitted in a PBCH.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the QCL relationship indicates that the first SS/PBCH block and the second SS/PBCH block are received over the same beam.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: further comprises:
A third index associated with the first SS/PBCH block is determined based on a modulo operation between the index of the candidate SS/PBCH block within the first transmission window and the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
The number of first SS/PBCH blocks transmitted in the first transmission window is equal to or less than the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks;
the number of second SS/PBCH blocks transmitted in the second transmission window is equal to or less than the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks is indicated by higher layer signaling.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein: the index of the candidate SS/PBCH block within the first transmission window is 3 least significant bits LSBs, the 3 LSBs being indicated by the DMRS sequence transmitted in the PBCH.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises the steps of:
Acquiring SSB resource indication information in the first transmission window and the second transmission window by any mode of a community public physical downlink control channel, a user group public physical downlink control channel and a physical downlink control channel PDCCH for scheduling a physical downlink shared channel PDSCH;
And avoiding the SSB resource position according to the SSB resource indication information so as to receive downlink signals or downlink physical channels except SSB in the first transmission window and the second transmission window, wherein the SSB comprises an SS/PBCH block.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: while performing receiving the first SS/PBCH block in the first transmission window, the method further includes:
Determining a time slot number or a subframe number of the first SS/PBCH block according to a predefined SSB pattern and the position of one SSB group indicated by a base station in the predefined SSB pattern; or (b)
And determining the time slot number or the subframe number of the first SS/PBCH block according to the predefined SSB pattern and the SSB position of one SSB indicated by the base station in the predefined SSB pattern.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: while performing receiving the second SS/PBCH block in the second transmission window, the method further includes:
Determining a time slot number or a subframe number of the second SS/PBCH block according to a predefined SSB pattern and the position of one SSB group indicated by the base station in the predefined SSB pattern; or (b)
And determining the time slot number or the subframe number of the second SS/PBCH block according to the predefined SSB pattern and the SSB position of one SSB indicated by the base station in the predefined SSB pattern.
11. A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
transmitting a first synchronization signal SS/physical broadcast channel PBCH block in a first transmission window;
Transmitting a second SS/PBCH block in a second transmission window, wherein the length units in the first transmission window and the second transmission window are half frames, and the starting points of the first transmission window and the second transmission window are half frame starting points;
Wherein the quasi co-located QCL relationship satisfied between the first SS/PBCH block and the second SS/PBCH block is determined based on a first index associated with the first SS/PBCH block, a second index associated with the second SS/PBCH block, and a value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks;
The first SS/PBCH block, the second SS/PBCH block and the determined QCL relation are used for channel measurement and/or cell detection;
Wherein the satisfaction of the QCL relationship between the first SS/PBCH block and the second SS/PBCH block is determined under the condition that a first modulo operation result is the modulo operation result between the first index and the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks and a second modulo operation result is the modulo operation result between the second index and the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks are the same.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein: the first index corresponds to an index number of an SS/PBCH block, and the index number of the first SS/PBCH block is carried through a DMRS transmitted in a PBCH;
the second index corresponds to an index number of a second SS/PBCH block, the index number of the second SS/PBCH block being carried over a DMRS transmitted in a PBCH.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein: the QCL relationship indicates that the first SS/PBCH block and the second SS/PBCH block are transmitted through the same beam.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein:
A third index associated with the first SS/PBCH block is determined based on a modulo operation between an index of candidate SS/PBCH blocks within the first transmission window and the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein:
The number of SS/PBCH blocks transmitted in the first transmission window is equal to or less than the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks;
the number of second SS/PBCH blocks transmitted in the second transmission window is equal to or less than the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein: the value related to the number of SS/PBCH blocks is indicated by higher layer signaling.
17. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein: the index of the candidate SS/PBCH block within the first transmission window is 3 least significant bits LSBs, the 3 LSBs being indicated by the DMRS sequence transmitted in the PBCH.
18. The method of claim 11, wherein: the method further comprises the steps of:
Indicating SSB resource indication information in the first transmission window and the second transmission window by any mode of a community public physical downlink control channel, a user group public physical downlink control channel and a physical downlink control channel PDCCH for scheduling a physical downlink shared channel PDSCH;
The SSB resource indication information is used for the terminal to avoid the SSB resource position so as to receive downlink signals or downlink physical channels except SSB in the first transmission window and the second transmission window, wherein the SSB comprises an SS/PBCH block.
19. A terminal, comprising:
A processor; and
A memory configured to store machine-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-10.
20. A base station, comprising:
A processor; and
A memory configured to store machine-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 11-18.
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