CN110157159B - Metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110157159B CN110157159B CN201910445207.2A CN201910445207A CN110157159B CN 110157159 B CN110157159 B CN 110157159B CN 201910445207 A CN201910445207 A CN 201910445207A CN 110157159 B CN110157159 B CN 110157159B
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
Abstract
The invention provides a carbon fiber composite material modified by a metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of carbon fiber surface treatment. The method desizes the carbon fiber; heating the electroplating solution to 25-60 ℃ in advance, and soaking the carbon fiber subjected to desizing in the electroplating solution; taking carbon fibers as a working electrode and a copper plate as a counter electrode, switching on a power supply, and carrying out an electrodeposition process for 5-60 min at a current of 0.1-1A and a temperature of 25-60 ℃; and injecting the deposited carbon fiber into a mold, and adding epoxy resin and a curing agent into the mold for curing to obtain the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material. The composite material has excellent heat conductivity and electric conductivity, and simultaneously has good interface bonding performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber surface treatment, and relates to a carbon fiber composite material modified by a metal copper/nano carbon multi-scale reinforcement and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, transportation, war industry and the like due to excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and the like. The low thermal/electrical conductivity of the carbon fiber compounded with the epoxy resin limits the application of the carbon fiber in some special fields. Researches show that the surface metallization of the carbon fiber can effectively improve the conductivity of the composite material. For example, the method for pulse electrodeposition of the nickel coating on the carbon fiber preform effectively improves the physical and chemical properties of the carbon fiber composite material such as electricity, magnetism, force and the like; a copper plating process for the surface of carbon fiber adopts a chemical plating method to uniformly coat a copper layer on the surface of the carbon fiber, thereby obviously improving the conductivity of the material. However, the metal particles on the non-polar surface tend to cause poor interfacial bonding between the fibers and the matrix epoxy resin, thereby affecting the overall performance of the material. In order to solve the above problems, a novel multi-scale reinforcing material formed by compounding traditional carbon fibers with micron scale and nano carbon with nano scale is produced by the design of researchers. On one hand, the multi-scale shape of the reinforcement increases the contact area of the fiber and the resin matrix, so that the mechanical engagement effect of the interface is enhanced; on the other hand, the nano carbon is added into the resin matrix in a form of being connected on the surface of the fiber, so that the uniform dispersion and directional arrangement of the nano carbon are facilitated, and the respective advantageous properties of the carbon fiber and the nano carbon can be exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon fiber composite material modified by a metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement and a preparation method thereof.
The invention firstly provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite material modified by a metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: desizing the carbon fibers to obtain the carbon fibers after desizing;
step two: heating the electroplating solution to 25-60 ℃ in advance, and soaking the carbon fiber subjected to desizing in the electroplating solution;
step three: taking the carbon fiber obtained in the step two as a working electrode, taking a copper plate as a counter electrode, switching on a power supply, and carrying out an electrodeposition process for 5-60 min at a current of 0.1-1A and a temperature of 25-60 ℃;
step four: and washing and drying the carbon fiber deposited in the third step, injecting the carbon fiber into a mold, and adding epoxy resin and a curing agent into the mold for curing to obtain the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material.
Preferably, the first step of desizing is: and (3) soaking the carbon fibers in acetone for 24-48 h, and drying for later use.
Preferably, the soaking time in the second step is 5-30 min.
Preferably, the electroplating solution of the second step is copper salt, aminated carbon nanotube, copper salt, aminated graphene oxide, Na2CuIIEDTA·4H2O and carboxylated carbon nanotube or Na2CuIIEDTA·4H2O and graphene oxide.
Preferably, the copper salt is copper pyrophosphate, basic copper carbonate and copper sulfate pentahydrate.
Preferably, the concentration of the copper salt is 50-100 g/L, and Na is2CuIIEDTA·4H2The concentration of O is 50 mM-100 mM, the concentration of aminated carbon nano-tubes is 0.1-0.3 g/L, the concentration of aminated graphene oxide is 0.1-0.3 g/L, the concentration of carboxylated carbon nano-tubes is 0.1-0.3 g/L, and the concentration of graphene oxide is 0.1-0.3 g/L.
Preferably, the curing agent of the fourth step is diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or H256.
The invention also provides the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material obtained by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the copper/nano carbon coating prepared by the method is uniform and compact in structure;
2) the copper and the nano carbon material in the multi-scale reinforcement in the composite material have excellent heat and electricity conduction performance, and meanwhile, a continuous heat and electricity conduction path can be formed through codeposition, so that the composite material has excellent heat and electricity conduction performance;
3) the modified nano carbon material can interact with matrix epoxy resin, so that the composite material has good interface bonding performance, and the overall performance of the material is improved;
4) the method adopts a one-step electrodeposition method to deposit the copper/nano carbon on the surface of the carbon fiber, has simple steps, convenient operation, lower cost, less damage to the fiber, no toxicity and harm in the whole deposition process, environmental protection and easy realization of industrialization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation process of a metallic copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material.
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of carbon fibers after desizing in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of thermal conductivity/electrical conductivity of a copper metal/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph of interlaminar shear strength of the metallic copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention firstly provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite material modified by a metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement, as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: desizing the carbon fibers to obtain the carbon fibers after desizing; the desizing process is preferably as follows: soaking the carbon fibers in acetone for 24-48 h, and drying for later use; the carbon fiber is preferably carbon fiber cloth, the size is not particularly limited, and the carbon fiber cloth is preferably cut to 80X 80 mm;
step two: heating the electroplating solution to 25-60 ℃ in advance, and soaking the carbon fibers subjected to desizing in the electroplating solution for 5-30 min preferably;
the electroplating solution is copper salt and aminated carbon nanotube (CNT-NH)2)、Copper salts and aminated graphene oxide (GO-NH)2)、Na2CuIIEDTA·4H2O with carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH) or Na2CuIIEDTA·4H2O with Graphene Oxide (GO); the copper salt is preferably copper pyrophosphate, basic copper carbonate and copper sulfate pentahydrate; the concentration of the copper salt is preferably 50-100 g/L; na (Na)2CuIIEDTA·4H2The concentration of O is preferably 50 mM-100 mM; the concentration of the aminated carbon nano tube is preferably 0.1-0.3 g/L; the concentration of the aminated graphene oxide is preferably 0.1-0.3 g/L; the concentration of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is preferably 0.1-0.3 g/L; the concentration of the graphene oxide is preferably 0.1-0.3 g/L;
the aminated carbon nanotube, carboxylated carbon nanotube and aminated graphene oxide according to the present invention may be prepared by a preparation method well known in the art, without particular limitation.
Step three: taking the carbon fiber obtained in the step two as a working electrode, taking a copper plate as a counter electrode, switching on a power supply, and carrying out an electrodeposition process for 5-60 min at a current of 0.1-1A and a temperature of 25-60 ℃;
step four: and washing and drying the carbon fiber deposited in the third step by using deionized water preferably, wherein the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ preferably, and the drying time is 24-36 h preferably, then placing the carbon fiber into a mold, and adding epoxy resin and a curing agent into the mold for curing to obtain the metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material.
According to the invention, the carbon fibers and the epoxy resin coating the copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement are prepared into the composite material by adopting the conventional vacuum assisted resin infusion molding technology (VARI) in the field, the curing agent has no special requirement, and the curing agent is the conventional curing agent in the field, preferably diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or H256. The curing temperature is preferably 100-120 ℃, and the curing time is preferably 1-3 h.
The invention also provides the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material obtained by the preparation method. The composite material has uniform coating and compact structure.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, which are only used for illustrating the present invention and are not used for limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adjustments according to the above disclosure of the present invention and still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
(1) Cutting the carbon fiber cloth into the size of 80mm multiplied by 80mm, soaking in acetone for 48h, thoroughly washing with water, and drying for later use.
(2) Laying five layers of carbon fiber cloth, putting the carbon fiber cloth into a mold, injecting epoxy resin and curing agent diethylenetriamine (the mass ratio is 100:10.8) with bubbles removed into the mold under vacuum, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and curing for 3h at 120 ℃ to obtain the composite material.
The composite material obtained in the comparative example 1 was tested, and the thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material were respectively 0.642W/mK and 6.5X 10-5S/cm and 43.5 MPa.
Example 1
(1) Cutting the carbon fiber cloth into the size of 80mm multiplied by 80mm, soaking in acetone for 48h, thoroughly washing with water, and drying for later use.
(2) CNT functionalization: putting CNT into mixed acid concentrated nitric acid/concentrated sulfuric acid (v/v is 1:3), and treating for 2h at 70 ℃ to obtain a product which is marked as CNT-COOH; ② CNT-COOH was dispersed in 3mL of N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 60mL of thionyl chloride (SOCl)2) The combined solution was treated at 80 ℃ for 24h, centrifuged and washed three times with Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and recorded as CNT-COCl. Dispersing CNT-COCl and 1g polyethyleneimine into 100mL DMF, treating at 70 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen for 24h, centrifuging, washing with Tetrahydrofuran (THF) for three times, and recording as CNT-NH2。
The components of the prepared electroplating solution are 50g/L CuSO4·5H2O，0.2g/L CNT-NH2Heating to 30 deg.C, and soaking the carbon fiber cloth in the solution for 5 min.
(3) Carbon fiber is used as a working electrode, a copper plate is used as a counter electrode, a power supply is switched on, the current is 0.5A, the deposition is carried out for 20min, and the temperature is 25 ℃.
(4) And after the deposition process is finished, taking out the carbon fiber cloth, washing the carbon fiber cloth with deionized water for three times, and drying the carbon fiber cloth in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours.
(5) Laying five layers of carbon fiber cloth, putting the carbon fiber cloth into a mold, injecting epoxy resin and curing agent diethylenetriamine (the mass ratio is 100:10.8) with bubbles removed into the mold under vacuum, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and curing for 3h at 120 ℃ to obtain the composite material.
The composite material obtained in example 1 was tested, and the thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material were 2.702W/mK and 1.86X 10-3S/cm and 58.5 MPa.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of the carbon fiber after desizing obtained in step (1) in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen that a large number of grooves are exposed on the surface of the carbon fiber after the sizing agent is removed.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the metallic copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber prepared in step (4) of example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen that copper particles and CNTs are uniformly and densely deposited on the surface of the carbon fiber.
Fig. 4 is a thermal conductivity/electrical conductivity graph of the metallic copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material prepared in example 1 of the invention, and fig. 4 illustrates that the thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the composite material are remarkably improved after the copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement is deposited.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the interlaminar shear strength of the carbon fiber composite material modified by the metallic copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement prepared in example 1 of the present invention, and fig. 5 illustrates that the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material is significantly improved after the deposition of the copper/nanocarbon multi-scale reinforcement.
Example 2
(1) Cutting the carbon fiber cloth into the size of 80mm multiplied by 80mm, soaking in acetone for 48h, thoroughly washing with water, and drying for later use.
(2) GO functionalization: (ii) dispersing GO in 3mL of N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 60mL of thionyl chloride (SOCl)2) The mixed solution was treated at 80 ℃ for 24h, centrifuged and washed three times with Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and recorded as GO-COCl. ② GO-COCl and 1g polyethyleneimine are dispersed in 100mL DMF, treated for 24h at 70 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, centrifuged and added with tetrahydrofuran(THF) three washes, noted GO-NH2。
Preparing 100g/L CuSO as electroplating solution component4·5H2O，0.3g/L GO-NH2Heating to 60 deg.C, and soaking the carbon fiber cloth in the solution for 30 min.
(3) Carbon fiber is used as a working electrode, a copper plate is used as a counter electrode, a power supply is switched on, the current is 1A, the deposition is carried out for 40min, and the temperature is 25 ℃.
(4) And after the deposition process is finished, taking out the carbon fiber cloth, washing the carbon fiber cloth with deionized water for three times, and drying the carbon fiber cloth in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ for 24 hours.
(5) Laying five layers of carbon fiber cloth, putting the carbon fiber cloth into a mold, injecting epoxy resin and a curing agent H256 (the mass ratio is 100:32) with bubbles removed into the mold under vacuum, curing for 1H at 100 ℃, and curing for 3H at 120 ℃ to obtain the composite material.
The composite material obtained in example 2 was tested, and the thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material were respectively 2.984W/mK and 1.97X 10-3S/cm and 58.7 MPa.
Example 3
(1) Cutting the carbon fiber cloth into the size of 80mm multiplied by 80mm, soaking in acetone for 48h, thoroughly washing with water, and drying for later use.
(2) CNT functionalization: the CNT was treated with mixed acid concentrated nitric acid/concentrated sulfuric acid (v/v ═ 1:3) at 70 ℃ for 2h, and the obtained product was designated as CNT-COOH.
The plating bath was prepared with 50mM Na as a component2CuIIEDTA·4H2O, 0.2g/L CNT-COOH, heated to 30 ℃, and the carbon fiber cloth after being de-sized is put into the CNT-COOH to be soaked for 5 min.
(3) Carbon fiber is used as a working electrode, a copper plate is used as a counter electrode, a power supply is switched on, the current is 0.5A, the deposition is carried out for 20min, and the temperature is 60 ℃.
(4) And after the deposition process is finished, taking out the carbon fiber cloth, washing the carbon fiber cloth with deionized water for three times, and drying the carbon fiber cloth in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours.
(5) Laying five layers of carbon fiber cloth, putting the carbon fiber cloth into a mold, injecting epoxy resin and curing agent diethylenetriamine (the mass ratio is 100:10.8) with bubbles removed into the mold under vacuum, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and curing for 3h at 120 ℃ to obtain the composite material. .
The composite material obtained in example 3 was tested, and the thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material were 2.564W/mK and 1.69X 10-3S/cm and 57.1 MPa.
Example 4
(1) Cutting the carbon fiber cloth into the size of 80mm multiplied by 80mm, soaking in acetone for 48h, thoroughly washing with water, and drying for later use.
(2) The plating bath was formulated with 100mM Na as a component2CuIIEDTA·4H2O, 0.3g/L GO is heated to 60 ℃, and the carbon fiber cloth after pulp removal is placed in the GO to be soaked for 15 min.
(3) Carbon fiber is used as a working electrode, a copper plate is used as a counter electrode, a power supply is switched on, the current is 1A, the deposition is carried out for 30min, and the temperature is 60 ℃.
(4) And after the deposition process is finished, taking out the carbon fiber cloth, washing the carbon fiber cloth with deionized water for three times, and drying the carbon fiber cloth in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ for 24 hours.
(5) Laying five layers of carbon fiber cloth, putting the carbon fiber cloth into a mold, injecting epoxy resin and a curing agent H256 (the mass ratio is 100:32) with bubbles removed into the mold under vacuum, curing for 1H at 100 ℃, and curing for 3H at 120 ℃ to obtain the composite material.
The composite material obtained in example 4 was tested, and the thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material were 2.821W/mK and 1.89X 10-3S/cm and 57.9 MPa.
It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made to the present invention using the concept shall fall within the act of infringing the scope of the protection of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a carbon fiber composite material modified by a metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: desizing the carbon fibers to obtain the carbon fibers after desizing;
step two: heating the electroplating solution to 25-60 ℃ in advance, and soaking the carbon fiber subjected to desizing in the electroplating solution;
step three: taking the carbon fiber obtained in the step two as a working electrode, taking a copper plate as a counter electrode, switching on a power supply, and carrying out an electrodeposition process for 5-60 min at a current of 0.1-1A and a temperature of 25-60 ℃;
step four: washing and drying the carbon fiber deposited in the step three, then injecting the carbon fiber into a mold, and adding epoxy resin and a curing agent into the mold for curing to obtain the metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material;
the electroplating solution in the second step is copper salt, aminated carbon nanotube, copper salt, aminated graphene oxide and Na2CuIIEDTA·4H2O and carboxylated carbon nanotube or Na2CuIIEDTA·4H2O and graphene oxide.
2. The preparation method of the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first desizing step is: and (3) soaking the carbon fibers in acetone for 24-48 h, and drying for later use.
3. The preparation method of the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the soaking time in the second step is 5-30 min.
4. The method for preparing the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the copper salt is copper pyrophosphate, basic copper carbonate and copper sulfate pentahydrate.
5. The method of claim 1The preparation method of the carbon fiber composite material modified by the metal copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement is characterized in that the concentration of the copper salt is 50-100 g/L, and Na is2CuIIEDTA·4H2The concentration of O is 50 mM-100 mM, the concentration of aminated carbon nano-tubes is 0.1-0.3 g/L, the concentration of aminated graphene oxide is 0.1-0.3 g/L, the concentration of carboxylated carbon nano-tubes is 0.1-0.3 g/L, and the concentration of graphene oxide is 0.1-0.3 g/L.
6. The method for preparing the metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent in the fourth step is diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or H256.
7. The metallic copper/nano-carbon multi-scale reinforcement modified carbon fiber composite material obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN110724990B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-09-04 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Electrosilvering carbon fiber electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN110802225B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-12-17 | 广州盛门新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-coated graphene |
| CN111424421B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2022-07-22 | 杭州幄肯新材料科技有限公司 | Carbon fiber composite felt and method for enhancing heat conduction and electric conduction performance of polymer composite material |
| CN111825168B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-10-14 | 上海应用技术大学 | Copper-modified carbon fiber electrode and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112522951B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2023-02-28 | 长春工业大学 | Graphene oxide/ferroferric oxide nanofluid modified water-based epoxy sizing agent, carbon fiber epoxy composite material and preparation method |
| CN115058100A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modified carbon fiber heat-conducting composite material and preparation method thereof |
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