CN110153350A - A kind of heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110153350A CN110153350A CN201910551469.7A CN201910551469A CN110153350A CN 110153350 A CN110153350 A CN 110153350A CN 201910551469 A CN201910551469 A CN 201910551469A CN 110153350 A CN110153350 A CN 110153350A
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- heavy
- forging die
- cast steel
- steel substrate
- sandwich
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/24—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heavy-duty forging die tools, including cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers is sequentially formed on the cast steel substrate, transition zone and strengthening layer, cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers, transition zone strong hardness is incremented by successively, play structural support effect, the transition layer surface has multiple interlaced recess portions and protrusion, the strengthening layer is arranged in transition layer surface, including with recess portion and the matched spill area of lobe shape and convex area, the spill area is tension split plot, it is made of nickel base superalloy wlding, the convex area is resistance to deformation area, it is made of cobalt base superalloy wlding.The invention also discloses a kind of manufacturing method of heavy-duty forging die tool, big swage die made of this method has outstanding cracking resistance, wear-resistant, anti-deformation under long-time high temperature heavy load operating condition, can greatly improve the service life of forging die.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mold more particularly to a kind of heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing methods.
Background technique
With the rapid development in the national strategy demands such as China's aerospace, nuclear power, petrochemical industry field, to enlargement, entirety
Change, the demand of the high-performance key member of precise treatment increasingly increases.The dose necessary achievement of China's machinery industry, it is the biggest in the world
Stamp forging hydraulic press (800MN drop press) comes into being.Since the press comes into operation, in the large-scale crucial structure in state key field
Irreplaceable role is played during the forging and molding of part, forging material mainly includes aluminium alloy, high temperature alloy, titanium alloy
Deng.It is high (single that its heavy-duty forging die used tool is not only faced with weight big (single set weight is up to 50~100 tons), manufacturing cost
Set cost is up to 200~4,000,000 yuan), the problems such as manufacturing cycle is long, and the big swage die of homogeneous conventionally manufactured by
Long (part difficult-to-deformation material forging forming time >=2 min), the mold under high temperature heavy load operating condition in the forging and stamping work step duration
The problems such as face checking, severe plastic deformation, wear-out failure occurs, the service life is extremely low.
To solve the problems, such as that large-scale forging die manufacture is at high cost, this team is " a kind of based on cast steel substrate it is proposed that entitled
The application for a patent for invention of the method for preparing forging mould by double-layer metal resurfacing welding " (Patent No. ZL 200910104604X).This application benefit
It uses cast steel as forging die matrix, and carries out strong hardness successively raised preparing forging mould by double-layer metal resurfacing welding on matrix.Actually answer
With show this method be applied to aluminum alloy forge piece forging die can reduce manufacturing cost 15-30% or more, die life obtains
It effectively improves.Die life extremely low (the especially pressure-bearing peace of cast steel substrate when in turn, to solve the problems, such as difficult-to-deformation material forming
Full property problem), be based on above-mentioned patent, this team have also been proposed it is entitled " a kind of sandwich of layers forging die and forging die sandwich of layers built-up welding
Preparation method " (Patent No. ZL201510171656.4) patent of invention.The manufacture new method is in cast steel substrate and transition
Interlayer wraps up the good sandwich layer material of one layer of plasticity and toughness, allows " sandwich of layers " that larger flexible deformation occurs under high pressure, by mould
The rapid diffusive attenuation of concentration peak stress below tool type chamber, and be transmitted to approaches uniformity distributed stress (being originally wedge-shaped distribution)
On cast steel substrate layer, so that maximum stress suffered by cast steel substrate be made to lower, cast steel substrate is safer in pressure-bearing.This method
Cast steel substrate is effectively protected, peak stress is avoided and directly results in the problem of cast steel substrate produces fracture failure.In reality
In use process, successfully forging qualified aircraft and hang tail frame titanium alloy forging, cast steel substrate does not find any deformation and crackle,
Intactly.
However, the heavy-duty forging die using the preparation of above-mentioned patented technology has, due to type chamber table during mass production
Layer matches with the structure of molded part, and overwhelming majority molded part show all be it is rough, corresponding type cavity surface layer is also
With correspondingly concave area and convex area, and spill area is huge (usually recessed in working condition lower stress state difference with convex area
Shape area is tensile stress and convex area is compression), cause spill area to generate micro-crack and extends further to crack, and protrude area
There is be collapsed deformation in domain, and Service Life of Forging Die is still unable to meet demand.Therefore, it is badly in need of proposing a kind of big swaged forging improved and optimizated
Mode structure (especially mold cavity surface layer functional areas) further promotes military service longevity of the big swage die under high temperature heavy load operating condition
Life.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: how to provide a kind of large-scale heat
Forging mould has longer service life under high temperature heavy load operating condition, can solve spill area generation micro-crack simultaneously and go forward side by side
One step is extended to cracking, and the problem of be collapsed deformation occurs in convex region.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A kind of heavy-duty forging die tool, including cast steel substrate are sequentially formed with sandwich of layers, transition zone and strong on the cast steel substrate
Change layer, cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers, transition zone strong hardness are incremented by successively, play structural support effect, and the transition layer surface has
Multiple interlaced recess portions and protrusion, the strengthening layer setting are matched in transition layer surface, including with recess portion and lobe shape
Spill area and convex area, the spill area be tension split plot, be made of nickel base superalloy wlding, the convex Qu Weikang
Deformed area is made of cobalt base superalloy wlding.
As optimization, the chemical component in cobalt base superalloy wlding that the convex area uses by mass percentage,
Including chromium content 26-30%, molybdenum element content 8-10%, wolfram element content 1.8-3%, nickel element content 1.5-2.5%, silicon member
Cellulose content 0.8-1.2%, manganese element content 0.6-1.0%, niobium element content 0.15-0.3%, carbon element content 1.2-1.6%, phosphorus member
Cellulose content≤0.02%, sulfur content≤0.02%, surplus are cobalt and impurity.
As optimization, the chemical component in nickel base superalloy wlding that the spill area uses by mass percentage,
Including carbon element content 0.3-0.7%, manganese element content 2.2-2.8%, silicon content 0.2-0.6%, phosphorus element content≤
0.02%, sulfur content≤0.02%, chromium content 14-20%, molybdenum element content 1.6-2.0%, wolfram element content 2.0-
2.8%, niobium element content 0.2-0.6%, vanadium unit cellulose content 0.4-1.0%, surplus are nickel and impurity.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacturing methods of heavy-duty forging die tool, use the following technical solution:
A kind of manufacturing method of heavy-duty forging die tool, comprising the following steps:
1), temperature field, stress field and load distribution of the analysis heavy-duty forging die tool under operating condition；
2) temperature field, stress field and load distribution that the heavy-duty forging die, obtained in conjunction with step 1) has and cast steel substrate, sandwich
Layer, transition zone, the performance parameter and safety coefficient for strengthening layer material, determine cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers, transition zone and reinforcing respectively
The thickness distribution range of layer；
3), the cast steel substrate determining according to step 2, sandwich of layers, the thickness distribution range of transition zone and strengthening layer, first pour and outpour
Cast steel substrate and after being heat-treated, then material technique is increased using electric arc and sequentially forms sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer, and is carried out
Final heavy-duty forging die tool is obtained by machining after post weld heat treatment.
As optimization, before being respectively formed sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer by electric arc increasing material technique in step 3),
Surface cleaning processing is carried out to cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers and transition zone respectively.
As optimization, being increased before material technique forms sandwich of layers in step 3) by electric arc, cast steel substrate need to be preheated to 450 ~
500 DEG C, during electric arc increases material, mold temperature need to be maintained at 300 DEG C or more.
As optimization, during increasing material technique formation sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer by electric arc in step 3),
Hammering destressing process is added.
It is respectively original with nickel base superalloy wlding and cobalt base superalloy wlding in the step 3) as optimization
Material increases material technique by electric arc and forms spill area and convex area, and convex area and spill area form strengthening layer by metallurgical bonding.
In technical solution of the present invention, the cast steel substrate including mold, and material technology successively shape is increased by electric arc on matrix
At sandwich of layers (playing stress spread), transition zone and strengthening layer, wherein cast steel substrate using extraordinary cast steel material, have at
The advantage that this is low, plasticity and toughness are good, sandwich of layers and transition zone use Cr-Mo-Ni-W-V system multiple elements design reinforced iron-base material, sandwich
Layer it is different at being grouped as and matching with buffer layer material, wherein sandwich layer material plasticity and toughness are good and strong hardness is relatively low, transition zone material
Expect that strong hardness is good and plasticity and toughness are moderate, successively increased from cast steel substrate to transition zone strong hardness, play structural support effect, strengthens
Floor spill area uses nickel base superalloy wlding, strong, the strengthening layer convex that has the advantages that high temperature resistant, high tenacity, tension split ability
Area uses cobalt base superalloy wlding, has the advantages that high temperature resistant, non-deformability are strong, suits the remedy to the case, effectively improves existing
Due to type cavity surface layer spill area and convex area, in working condition lower stress state difference, huge (usual spill Qu Weila is answered in technology
Power and convex area are compression) caused by spill area generate micro-crack and extend further to crack, and convex region occurs
The bottleneck problem of be collapsed deformation.Above-mentioned big swage die have under long-time high temperature heavy load operating condition outstanding cracking resistance, it is wear-resistant,
Anti-deformation can greatly improve the service life of forging die.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to example attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
When specific implementation: referring to Fig. 1, a kind of heavy-duty forging die tool, including cast steel substrate 1, on the cast steel substrate 1 according to
Secondary to be formed with sandwich of layers 2, transition zone 3 and strengthening layer 4, cast steel substrate 1, sandwich of layers 2,3 strong hardness of transition zone are incremented by successively, play
Structural support effect, 3 surface of transition zone have multiple interlaced recess portions and protrusion, and the strengthening layer 4 is arranged in mistake
Cross layer surface, including with recess portion and the matched spill area 5 of lobe shape and convex area 6, the spill area 5 is tension split plot, is adopted
It is made of nickel base superalloy wlding, the convex area 6 is resistance to deformation area, is made of cobalt base superalloy wlding.
Such, the chemical component in cobalt base superalloy wlding that the convex area 5 uses by mass percentage, is wrapped
Include chromium content 28%, molybdenum element contains containing 9%, wolfram element content 2.4%, nickel element content 2%, silicon content 1%, manganese element
0.8%, niobium element content 0.23%, carbon element content 1.4%, phosphorus element content 0.01%, sulfur content 0.01% are measured, surplus is
Cobalt and impurity.
Such, the chemical component in nickel base superalloy wlding that the spill area 6 uses by mass percentage, is wrapped
Include carbon element content 0.5%, manganese element content 2.5%, silicon content 0.4%, phosphorus element content 0.006%, sulfur content
0.009%, chromium content 17%, molybdenum element content 1.8%, wolfram element content 2.4%, niobium element content 0.4%, vanadium unit cellulose content
0.7%, surplus is nickel and impurity.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacturing methods of heavy-duty forging die tool, use the following technical solution:
A kind of manufacturing method of heavy-duty forging die tool, comprising the following steps:
1), temperature field, stress field and load distribution of the analysis heavy-duty forging die tool under operating condition；
2) temperature field, stress field and load distribution that the heavy-duty forging die, obtained in conjunction with step 1) has and cast steel substrate, sandwich
Layer, transition zone, the performance parameter and safety coefficient for strengthening layer material, determine cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers, transition zone and reinforcing respectively
The thickness distribution range of layer；
3), the cast steel substrate determining according to step 2, sandwich of layers, the thickness distribution range of transition zone and strengthening layer, first pour and outpour
Cast steel substrate and after being heat-treated, then material technique is increased using electric arc and sequentially forms sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer, and is carried out
Final heavy-duty forging die tool is obtained by machining after post weld heat treatment.
Before being respectively formed sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer by electric arc increasing material technique in step 3), respectively to casting
Steel matrix, sandwich of layers and transition zone carry out surface cleaning processing, increase the oxide skin and welding slag that material layer shows to remove.
Before increasing material technique formation sandwich of layers by electric arc in step 3), cast steel substrate need to be preheated to 450 ~ 500 DEG C, this reality
Preferably 475 DEG C are applied in example, and during electric arc increases material, mold temperature need to be maintained at 300 DEG C or more.
During increasing material technique formation sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer by electric arc in step 3), hammer is added
Destressing process is hit, deposited metal internal stress is spread, stress is reduced and concentrates and improve dimensional accuracy stability.
In the step 3), pass through electricity using nickel base superalloy wlding and cobalt base superalloy wlding as raw material respectively
Arc increasing material technique formation spill area and convex area, convex area and spill area form strengthening layer by metallurgical bonding.
The heavy-duty forging die tool manufactured by this manufacturing method has outstanding anti-open under long-time high temperature heavy load operating condition
It splits, is wear-resistant, anti-deformation, can be effectively improved in the prior art since type cavity surface layer spill area and convex area are in operating condition item
Spill area generates micro- caused by part lower stress state difference huge (usual spill area is tensile stress and convex area is compression)
Crackle simultaneously extends further to crack, and the bottleneck problem of be collapsed deformation occurs in convex region, can greatly improve its service life.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of heavy-duty forging die tool, including cast steel substrate, be sequentially formed on the cast steel substrate sandwich of layers, transition zone and
Strengthening layer, cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers, transition zone strong hardness are incremented by successively, play structural support effect, the transition layer surface tool
Have multiple recess portions and a protrusion, the strengthening layer is arranged in transition layer surface, including with recess portion and the matched spill area of lobe shape
With convex area, it is characterised in that: the spill area is tension split plot, is made of nickel base superalloy wlding, the convex area
For resistance to deformation area, it is made of cobalt base superalloy wlding.
2. a kind of heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cobalt-based high-temperature that the convex area uses
Chemical component in alloy wlding by mass percentage, including chromium content 26-30%, molybdenum element content 8-10%, tungsten member
Cellulose content 1.8-3%, nickel element content 1.5-2.5%, silicon content 0.8-1.2%, manganese element content 0.6-1.0%, niobium element
Content 0.15-0.3%, carbon element content 1.2-1.6%, phosphorus element content≤0.02%, sulfur content≤0.02%, surplus are cobalt
And impurity.
3. a kind of heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the nickel-base high-temperature that the spill area uses
Chemical component in alloy wlding by mass percentage, including carbon element content 0.3-0.7%, manganese element content 2.2-2.8%,
Silicon content 0.2-0.6%, phosphorus element content≤0.02%, sulfur content≤0.02%, chromium content 14-20%, molybdenum member
Cellulose content 1.6-2.0%, wolfram element content 2.0-2.8%, niobium element content 0.2-0.6%, vanadium unit cellulose content 0.4-1.0%, surplus
For nickel and impurity.
4. a kind of manufacturing method of heavy-duty forging die tool, which comprises the following steps:
1), temperature field, stress field and load distribution of the analysis heavy-duty forging die tool under operating condition；
2) temperature field, stress field and load distribution that the heavy-duty forging die, obtained in conjunction with step 1) has and cast steel substrate, sandwich
Layer, transition zone, the performance parameter and safety coefficient for strengthening layer material, determine cast steel substrate, sandwich of layers, transition zone and reinforcing respectively
The thickness distribution range of layer；
3), the cast steel substrate determining according to step 2, sandwich of layers, the thickness distribution range of transition zone and strengthening layer, first pour and outpour
Cast steel substrate and after being heat-treated, then material technique is increased using electric arc and sequentially forms sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer, and is carried out
Final heavy-duty forging die tool is obtained by machining after post weld heat treatment.
5. a kind of manufacturing method of heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: pass through in step 3)
During electric arc increases material technique formation sandwich of layers, transition zone and strengthening layer, hammering destressing process is added.
6. a kind of manufacturing method of heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
In the step 3), increased respectively using nickel base superalloy wlding and cobalt base superalloy wlding as raw material by electric arc
Material technique formation spill area and convex area, convex area and spill area form strengthening layer by metallurgical bonding.
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| CN201910551469.7A CN110153350A (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | A kind of heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112453421A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 重庆大学 | Reinforced material adding process based on arc fuse and mold reinforcing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112453421A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 重庆大学 | Reinforced material adding process based on arc fuse and mold reinforcing method |
| CN112453421B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-07-20 | 重庆大学 | Reinforced material adding process based on arc fuse and mold reinforcing method |
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