CN110148277B - MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection - Google Patents
MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN110148277B CN110148277B CN201910320567.XA CN201910320567A CN110148277B CN 110148277 B CN110148277 B CN 110148277B CN 201910320567 A CN201910320567 A CN 201910320567A CN 110148277 B CN110148277 B CN 110148277B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
Abstract
The invention relates to a MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection, comprising: the device comprises a control and interface unit, a driving unit, two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and a photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit; the gas detector adopts two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths, utilizes an optical dual-wavelength technology, can detect the components and the particle size of gas simultaneously, and has the characteristics of low cost and low power consumption; and the effect time of the sensor on smoke is reduced by processing through a multi-bit ADC in the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit and adopting a maze-free mode. The problem of based on traditional photoelectric type smoke transducer with high costs, smog response slow and must match the maze and detect has been solved to this application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of smoke sensors, in particular to an MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection.
Background
The existing smoke sensors can be roughly classified into an ion smoke sensing type, a photo-electric smoke sensing type and a temperature type according to the detection principle, wherein the photo-electric smoke sensing type is the most common. The light-induced smoke sensor comprises a light-emitting device, a photosensitive device and a smoke maze, wherein under normal conditions, light emitted by the light-emitting device is diffused in the smoke maze, and the photosensitive device cannot receive light signals, so that photocurrent is not generated. However, when smoke enters the labyrinth, the light emitted by the light-emitting device is diffused under the action of smoke particles, and the diffused light is received by the photosensitive device, so that the impedance of the photosensitive device is changed, and a photocurrent is generated, thereby realizing the function of converting smoke signals into electric signals.
The common optical inductance smoke type generally adopts a vertical or horizontal forward scattering labyrinth, but basically does not respond to open fire generating particles with the particle size less than 0.4um, and meanwhile, the factors of water mist, dust and the like with particle sizes similar to those of smoke particles cannot be distinguished. In order to solve the above problems, there is no vertical bidirectional scattering smoke detector labyrinth which uses dual wavelength light emitting diodes and two emission and one collection as described in CN1987426A, and solves the problem of distinguishing smoke, water mist, dust, etc. with different colors and particle sizes. However, this method still uses the ordinary plug-in diode and needs the maze to carry out the optical scattering design.
The two types of photoelectric smoke sensors are high in cost and can be used together with a labyrinth to reduce the influence of peripheral interference.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dual-wavelength detection-based MEMS smoke sensor, which is used for solving the problems that the traditional photoelectric smoke sensor is high in cost, slow in smoke response and necessary to be matched with a maze for detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a MEMS smoke sensor based on dual wavelength detection, the smoke sensor comprising: the device comprises a control and interface unit, a driving unit, two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and a photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit;
the control and interface unit is used for setting working currents applied to the light emitting diodes with two different wavelengths by the driving unit; receiving the signals sent by the photosensitive receiving amplification unit, processing the signals, identifying smoke components from the difference of different signal levels, and reporting the result to an external processor;
the driving unit is used for applying working current to the two light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths so as to lighten the two light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths and enable the two light-emitting diodes to emit light rays with two different wavelengths respectively;
the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit is used for receiving optical signals of two light rays with different wavelengths which are respectively reflected by the smoke sensor shell, amplifying the signals through the multi-bit amplifier in the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit, and then transmitting the amplified signals to the control and interface unit.
Further, the two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths are a blue light emitting diode and an infrared light emitting diode respectively.
Further, the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit comprises a multi-bit ADC converter for converting the optical signal received by the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit into a digital signal.
Further, the driving unit, the two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit are integrated inside a chip, and the control and interface unit is integrated inside the chip or is implemented outside the chip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the gas detector adopts two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths, utilizes an optical dual-wavelength technology, can detect the components and the particle size of gas simultaneously, and has the characteristics of low cost and low power consumption; and the effect time of the sensor on smoke is reduced by processing through a multi-bit ADC in the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit and adopting a maze-free mode. The problem of based on traditional photoelectric type smoke transducer with high costs, smog response slow and must match the maze and detect has been solved to this application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural relationship diagram of a MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present embodiment provides a MEMS smoke sensor based on dual wavelength detection, and referring to fig. 1, the smoke sensor includes: the device comprises a control and interface unit, a driving unit, two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and a photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit;
the control and interface unit is used for setting working currents applied to the light emitting diodes with two different wavelengths by the driving unit; receiving the signals sent by the photosensitive receiving amplification unit, processing the signals, identifying smoke components from the difference of different signal levels, and reporting the result to an external processor;
the driving unit is used for applying working current to the two light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths so as to lighten the two light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths and enable the two light-emitting diodes to emit light rays with two different wavelengths respectively;
the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit is used for receiving optical signals of two light rays with different wavelengths which are respectively reflected by the smoke sensor shell, amplifying the signals through the multi-bit amplifier in the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit, and then transmitting the amplified signals to the control and interface unit.
In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the control and interface unit may set the operating current applied by the driving unit to the light emitting diodes with two different wavelengths, and the driving unit applies the operating current to the light emitting diodes with two different wavelengths according to the set value, so as to light the light emitting diodes with two different wavelengths, and the light emitting diodes emit light with two different wavelengths, and the light with two different wavelengths is received and amplified by the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit after being reflected by the smoke sensor housing, and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the control and interface unit, and the control and interface unit identifies smoke components such as moisture, oil stains, and the like from the difference of different signal levels, and reports the result to the external processor. The external processor can set parameters such as the AD sampling frequency of the sensor, the working current of the light emitting diode and the like, and can also read the cache data of the photosensitive receiving amplification unit from the interface and the control unit.
In the embodiment, the particle size can be distinguished according to the smoke response power transmission ratio, namely the ratio of the optical power of the optical signal received by the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit to the optical power of the optical signal of the light-emitting diode; according to the response ratio of two different wavelength optical signals, namely the response time difference of smoke and non-fire alarm factors, different types of smoke and common interference sources can be distinguished, so that the capability of eliminating the interference sources and avoiding false alarm of the smoke sensor is improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the two leds with different wavelengths are a blue led and an infrared led.
In addition, preferably, in another embodiment of the present invention, the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit includes a multi-bit ADC converter for converting the optical signal received by the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit into a digital signal.
In addition, preferably, in another embodiment of the present invention, the driving unit, the two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths, and the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit are integrated inside a chip, and the control and interface unit is integrated inside the chip or implemented outside the chip.
The driving unit, the two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit are integrated inside the chip, so that the structural design of the smoke sensor is simplified, smoke can be detected without a labyrinth, the response rate is improved, and the cost is reduced.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A maze-free MEMS smoke sensor based on dual wavelength detection, the smoke sensor comprising: the device comprises a control and interface unit, a driving unit, two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and a photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit;
the control and interface unit is used for setting working currents applied to the light emitting diodes with two different wavelengths by the driving unit; receiving the signals sent by the photosensitive receiving amplification unit, processing the signals, identifying smoke components from the difference of different signal levels, and reporting the result to an external processor;
the driving unit is used for applying working current to the two light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths so as to lighten the two light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths and enable the two light-emitting diodes to emit light rays with two different wavelengths respectively;
the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit is used for receiving optical signals of two light rays with different wavelengths which are respectively reflected by the smoke sensor shell, amplifying the signals through the multi-bit amplifier in the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit, and then transmitting the amplified signals to the control and interface unit.
2. The maze-free MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection of claim 1 wherein the two different wavelength LEDs are blue LEDs and infrared LEDs respectively.
3. The maze-free MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection of claim 1, wherein the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit comprises a multi-bit ADC converter for converting the optical signal received by the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit into a digital signal.
4. The maze-free MEMS smoke sensor based on dual-wavelength detection of claim 1, wherein the driving unit, the two light emitting diodes with different wavelengths and the photosensitive receiving and amplifying unit are integrated inside the chip, and the control and interface unit is integrated inside the chip or implemented outside the chip.
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| CN112630852B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-05-18 | 南京初芯集成电路有限公司 | Double-light-path smoke sensing chip and smoke sensing method |
| CN113112738B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-04-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Smoke sensor, smoke detector, smoke detection method and device |
| CN114913667B (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-08-11 | 合肥科大立安安全技术有限责任公司 | Fire early smoke anti-interference sensing device and anti-interference method thereof |
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| CN104200606A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | Point-shaped light scattering type smoke detector without optical labyrinth, and signal processing method |
| CN107516396A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-26 | 深圳市泰和安科技有限公司 | A kind of two-way photoelectric smoke sensor |
| JP2018124636A (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-09 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Light extinction type sensor, sensitivity adjustment method, and inspection method |
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| JPS4932581U (en) * | 1972-06-21 | 1974-03-22 | ||
| US4857895A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-08-15 | Kaprelian Edward K | Combined scatter and light obscuration smoke detector |
| DE3831654A1 (en) * | 1988-09-17 | 1990-03-22 | Hartwig Beyersdorf | OPTICAL SMOKE DETECTOR |
| CN201527697U (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-07-14 | 深圳市泛海三江电子有限公司 | Optical darkroom chamber of smoke detector |
| CN101656011A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-02-24 | 北京奥腾讯达科技有限公司 | Universal smoke fire detector |
| EP3276680A1 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-01-31 | Siemens Schweiz AG | Optical smoke detection based on the two colour principle using a light emitting diode with an led chip for light emission and with a light converter for converting a part of the emitted light to longer wave light |
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| CN104200606A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | Point-shaped light scattering type smoke detector without optical labyrinth, and signal processing method |
| JP2018124636A (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-09 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Light extinction type sensor, sensitivity adjustment method, and inspection method |
| CN107516396A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-26 | 深圳市泰和安科技有限公司 | A kind of two-way photoelectric smoke sensor |
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