CN110146122B - Method for predicting operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facility - Google Patents

Method for predicting operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facility Download PDF

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CN110146122B
CN110146122B CN201910491922.XA CN201910491922A CN110146122B CN 110146122 B CN110146122 B CN 110146122B CN 201910491922 A CN201910491922 A CN 201910491922A CN 110146122 B CN110146122 B CN 110146122B
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郁强强
刘锐
陈吕军
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Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University Zhejiang
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    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, which comprises the following steps: measuring the inlet water conductivity and the outlet water conductivity, recording the facility operation condition, and calculating the sigma value; dividing the system into a plurality of sigma intervals, and establishing a relational graph between the sigma intervals and the operation condition of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities; counting the effective operation rate, and determining a sigma threshold interval; and predicting the operation condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted. The prediction method reasonably utilizes the detection indexes of the conductivity of the inlet and outlet water to predict the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and has the advantages of higher accuracy, rapidness and low cost.

Description

Method for predicting operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facility
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities.
Background
In recent years, the number of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities in China is increased sharply. Taking Zhejiang as an example, rural domestic sewage treatment facilities basically realize the full coverage of villages and households, the facilities in each county can reach hundreds of thousands of seats, and the geographic positions are highly dispersed. The facilities are large in quantity and wide in area, operation and maintenance management is mainly performed manually at present, and the effectiveness of facility operation, particularly the removal effect of main pollutants such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and TP (total phosphorus) cannot be judged quickly at present. If the water quality index is monitored based on the national standard method, the sampling and water quality testing cost is high, the period is long, the workload is large, and the running effectiveness of the facility is difficult to indicate in real time in the supervision process.
For rural domestic sewage treatment facilities with large quantity and scattered positions, the workload of sampling and water quality testing is huge. And based on the national standard method, the detection cost is high, the timeliness is poor, and rural domestic sewage treatment facilities cannot be regulated and controlled in a targeted manner by obtaining a real-time effluent result.
In addition, due to the capital limit, the rural sewage treatment facility cannot adopt a large number of online monitoring devices to carry out the monitoring and management of the system like the urban sewage plant; the rapid detection method aiming at indexes such as COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like often has certain errors with the national standard method, so when the running condition of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities is judged according to the results obtained by the rapid water quality detection instruments, the judgment result is often inaccurate due to accumulated errors.
Therefore, the monitoring of the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is a difficult problem of the operation and maintenance of the rural sewage treatment facility.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, which reasonably utilizes the detection indexes of the conductivity of inlet water and outlet water to predict the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, and has the advantages of higher accuracy, rapidness and low cost.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, simultaneously measuring the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity of the rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, recording the operation conditions of the corresponding rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, calculating the ratio of the water outlet conductivity to the water inlet conductivity, and recording the ratio as a sigma value;
(2) dividing the sigma value into a plurality of sigma intervals according to the sigma value obtained in the step (1), taking the sigma intervals as abscissa, and taking the corresponding number of effectively operated facilities and the number of inefficiently operated facilities in the sigma intervals as double ordinate, and establishing a relation graph of the sigma intervals and the operation condition of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities;
(3) according to the relation graph obtained in the step (2), counting the corresponding effective operation rates in different sigma interval ranges, and according to the effective operation rate values, determining a sigma threshold interval which can be used for distinguishing whether the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is in effective operation or invalid operation;
(4) measuring the ratio of the effluent conductivity to the influent conductivity of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted, and recording the ratio as a sigma' value;
if the sigma ' value is larger than the upper limit of the sigma threshold interval, predicting that the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is in an invalid operation state, if the sigma ' value is smaller than the lower limit of the sigma threshold interval, predicting that the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is in an effective operation state, and if the sigma ' value is in the sigma threshold interval, determining that the operation condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is undetermined.
In the invention, the rural domestic sewage refers to sewage generated by rural residents in life, and specifically comprises three types of sewage, namely: the main pollutants of the excrement sewage, the kitchen sewage and the laundry sewage which are treated by the septic tank are COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended solids SS. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility is a treatment device for treating rural domestic sewage.
In step (1), σ value is outlet water conductivity/inlet water conductivity.
Experiments show that for the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, correlation exists between the ratio of the effluent conductivity to the influent conductivity (namely, the sigma value) and the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and whether the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is in an effective operation state can be judged according to the sigma value.
In the step (1), "selecting a plurality of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities" is used as a test sample for analyzing the relationship between the sigma value and the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facilities; in order to ensure that the statistical result is more representative, in the step (1), the number of the selected rural domestic sewage treatment facilities is at least more than 120-150.
Since conductivity values are related to water temperature, it is common in the art to calibrate conductivity values for water temperatures of 20 ℃ or 25 ℃ as a reference, and conventional conductivity meters are typically calibrated automatically. The invention can be realized by only ensuring that the measured conductivity is corrected by adopting the same standard.
The rural domestic sewage treatment facility of the invention is A2In O treatment facilities, constructed wetland treatment facilities, SBR treatment facilities and aeration filter treatment facilitiesAt least one of them. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility consists of a water inlet adjusting tank and a sewage treatment device, and a water outlet well is arranged at the water outlet of the sewage treatment device.
Further, in the step (1),
the operation condition is effective operation or ineffective operation;
the method for distinguishing the effective operation from the ineffective operation comprises the following steps: if the removal rate of any index of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in the rural domestic sewage by the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is larger than or equal to the percentage threshold value, and the condition that the effluent concentration of any two indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is larger than the influent concentration does not occur, the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is judged to be in effective operation; otherwise, the operation is invalid; the percentage threshold is 20% -70%.
The percentage threshold value can be set according to the actual situation, and tests show that the setting of the size of the percentage threshold value does not influence the applicability of the method. However, tests show that the set percentage threshold value affects the range of the sigma threshold value interval, and if the percentage threshold value is increased, for example, 70%, the sigma threshold value interval is expanded from 0.8-1.0 to 0.7-1.0, so that a large number of facilities to be predicted are determined as undetermined facility operation conditions, and the predictable range is reduced.
Further, the percentage threshold is 20% to 60%.
Further, the conductivity of the inlet water is measured in a regulating reservoir of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and the measuring time is 15min after a lifting pump in the regulating reservoir is started;
the outlet water conductivity is measured in an outlet water well of a rural domestic sewage treatment facility and is simultaneously measured with the inlet water conductivity;
the measuring method of the inlet water conductivity and the outlet water conductivity comprises the following steps: collecting a water sample in an adjusting tank or a water outlet well to determine a conductivity value; or, the water in the regulating reservoir or the water outlet well is directly measured by adopting an online monitoring conductivity meter.
Preferably, in the step (1), after the lift pump is started for 15min, the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity are respectively measured once every 15min, the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity are continuously measured for 3-4 times, and the average values are respectively taken as the water inlet conductivity value and the water outlet conductivity value in the detection stage;
when the inlet water conductivity and the outlet water conductivity are detected each time, the concentrations of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in a regulating tank and an outlet well of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility are respectively measured, and the average value of the concentrations of pollutants is calculated to be used as the concentrations of the COD, the ammonia nitrogen, the total phosphorus and the suspended matters in the detection stage, so that the operation condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is judged.
Further, in the step (2), the sigma value is divided into 9-12 sigma intervals, and the endpoint difference value of each sigma interval is 0.1.
Further, in the step (2), the relational graph is a bar graph, wherein the number of facilities which are in effective operation is marked on a positive coordinate axis, and the number of facilities which are in ineffective operation is marked on a negative coordinate axis.
Further, in the step (3), both the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the sigma threshold interval are end point values of the sigma interval;
the upper limit value satisfies the following condition:
(A) the effective operation rate I of all facilities with sigma values larger than the upper limit value is less than or equal to 20-25%;
the effective operation rate I is (the number of all effective operating facilities whose σ value is greater than the upper limit value/the total number of facilities whose σ value is greater than the upper limit value) × 100%;
(B) taking the minimum value of all the upper limit values which meet the condition (A);
the lower limit value satisfies the following condition:
(a) the effective operation rate II of all facilities with the sigma value smaller than the lower limit value is more than or equal to 90-95 percent;
the effective operation rate II is (the number of all effective operating facilities whose σ value is smaller than the lower limit value/the total number of facilities whose σ value is smaller than the lower limit value) × 100%;
(b) the maximum value among all the lower limit values that satisfy the condition (a) is taken.
Further, the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted has the same sewage source as the rural domestic sewage treatment facility in the step (1).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the prediction method reasonably utilizes the detection indexes of the conductivity of the inlet water and the outlet water to predict the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and has the advantages of higher accuracy, rapidness and low cost.
(2) Compared with the conventional standard detection method (about 30min is needed at the fastest), the prediction method can realize rapid prediction and is beneficial to subsequent facility regulation and control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bar graph of the sigma interval and the operating conditions of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities obtained by the prediction method of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a bar graph of the sigma interval and the operating conditions of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities obtained by the prediction method of example 2.
FIG. 3 is a bar graph of the sigma interval and the operating conditions of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities obtained by the prediction method of example 3.
FIG. 4 is a bar graph of the sigma interval and the operating conditions of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities obtained by the prediction method of example 4.
FIG. 5 shows the sigma interval and rural domestic sewage A obtained by the prediction method of example 52O processing a histogram of the plant operation.
Fig. 6 is a bar graph of the sigma interval and the operating conditions of the rural domestic sewage artificial wetland treatment facilities obtained by the prediction method of the embodiment 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting 164 rural domestic sewage treatment facilities in the Yangtze river delta areaThe domestic sewage treatment facility comprises a main stream A2O treatment facilities, artificial wetland treatment facilities, SBR treatment facilities and aeration filter facilities, wherein the treatment scales are different from 5 t/d to 160 t/d; all facilities consist of two parts, namely a regulating reservoir and a sewage treatment device, wherein the water inlet regulating reservoir is provided with a lift pump, and the water outlet of the sewage treatment device is provided with a water outlet well. The rural domestic sewage treated by the facility consists of excrement sewage treated by a septic tank, kitchen sewage and laundry sewage, and the main pollutants of the rural domestic sewage consist of COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters.
The method for measuring the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility comprises the following steps:
after the lift pump is started for 15min, simultaneously collecting water samples in the regulating reservoir and the water outlet well, and determining to obtain a first water inlet conductivity value and a first water outlet conductivity value; after 15 minutes, measuring to obtain a second water inlet conductivity value and a second water outlet conductivity value; after 30 minutes, measuring to obtain a third water inlet conductivity value and a third water outlet conductivity value; respectively averaging the values of the conductivity of the tertiary inlet water and the conductivity of the outlet water to obtain an average inlet conductivity value and an average outlet conductivity value; meanwhile, the concentrations of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in the water in the regulating tank and the effluent well of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility for three times are measured, the average value of the concentrations of the pollutants is calculated to be used as the concentration of the COD, the ammonia nitrogen, the total phosphorus and the suspended matters in the detection stage, the average value is used for judging the running condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and the running condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility corresponding to the measured conductivity is recorded, namely: whether it is active or inactive;
if the removal rate of any index of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in the rural domestic sewage by the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the condition that the effluent concentration of any two indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is greater than the influent concentration does not occur, the rural domestic sewage treatment facility effectively operates; otherwise, the operation is invalid.
Calculating the ratio of the outlet water conductivity to the inlet water conductivity and recording as a sigma value; σ -value is outlet/inlet conductivity.
(2) Dividing the sigma value obtained in the step (1) into 9 sigma intervals, wherein the endpoint difference value of each sigma interval is 0.1, and the values are respectively as follows: 0.5 or less, 0.5 to 0.6, 0.6 to 0.7, 0.7 to 0.8, 0.8 to 0.9, 0.9 to 1.0, 1.0 to 1.1, 1.1 to 1.2 and 1.2 or more. Taking the sigma interval as an abscissa, taking the number of the facilities corresponding to the effective operation in the sigma interval as a positive ordinate, and taking the number of the facilities corresponding to the ineffective operation in the sigma interval as a negative ordinate, and establishing a histogram of the operation effectiveness of the sigma interval and the rural domestic sewage treatment facilities;
(3) according to the histogram obtained in the step (2), counting the effective operation rate of each sigma interval (as shown in figure 1), and determining that the sigma threshold interval is 0.8-1.0;
the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the sigma threshold interval are both end point values of the sigma interval;
the upper limit value satisfies the following condition:
(A) the effective operation rate I of all facilities with sigma values larger than the upper limit value is less than or equal to 20 percent;
the effective operation rate I is (the number of all effective operating facilities whose σ value is greater than the upper limit value/the total number of facilities whose σ value is greater than the upper limit value) × 100%;
(B) taking the minimum value of all the upper limit values which meet the condition (A);
the lower limit value satisfies the following condition:
(a) the effective operation rate II of all facilities with the sigma value smaller than the lower limit value is more than or equal to 92.5 percent;
the effective operation rate II is (the number of all effective operating facilities whose σ value is smaller than the lower limit value/the total number of facilities whose σ value is smaller than the lower limit value) × 100%;
(b) taking the maximum value of all the lower limit values which meet the condition (a);
(4) measuring the ratio of the effluent conductivity to the influent conductivity of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted, which has the same rural domestic sewage source as the rural domestic sewage treatment facility selected in the step (1), and recording the ratio as a sigma' value;
if the sigma ' value is larger than the upper limit of the sigma threshold interval, the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is predicted to be in an invalid operation state, if the sigma ' value is smaller than the lower limit of the sigma threshold interval, the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is predicted to be in an effective operation state, and if the sigma ' value is in the sigma threshold interval, the operation effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is undetermined.
According to the method, 20 rural domestic sewage treatment facilities to be predicted are detected in total, and the treatment facilities comprise A2O treatment facilities, artificial wetland treatment facilities, SBR treatment facilities and aeration filter treatment facilities. The sewage treated by the facility and the sewage treated by the rural domestic sewage treatment facility selected in the step (1) are both rural domestic sewage, and no other types of sewage, such as industrial sewage or livestock and poultry breeding sewage, are mixed.
Wherein, the sigma' values of 8 facilities are less than 0.8, all the facilities are judged to be effectively operated, and all the facilities are confirmed to be effectively operated after water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 100%; the sigma' values of 5 facilities are more than 1.0, all the facilities are judged to be invalid operation, 4 facilities are confirmed to be invalid operation facilities after water quality test and inspection, 1 facility is valid operation facility, and the accuracy rate reaches 80%; the sigma' values of the 7 facilities are between 0.8 and 1.0, and the operation effectiveness of the facilities is undetermined.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the same sample and prediction method as those in embodiment 1 are used except that the determination of effective operation is changed to "the removal rate of any index of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to any index of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS of the rural domestic sewage is not less than 30% and the effluent concentration of any two indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is not higher than the influent concentration".
Histogram As shown in FIG. 2, according to the method of this embodiment, 20 rural domestic sewage treatment facilities to be predicted are detected in total, and the treatment facilities include A2O treatment facilities, artificial wetland treatment facilities, SBR treatment facilities and aeration filter treatment facilities.
Wherein, the sigma' values of 8 facilities are less than 0.8, all the facilities are judged to be effectively operated, and all the facilities are confirmed to be effectively operated after water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 100%; the sigma' values of 5 facilities are more than 1.0, all the facilities are judged to be invalid operation, 4 facilities are confirmed to be invalid operation facilities after water quality test and inspection, 1 facility is valid operation facility, and the accuracy rate reaches 80%; the sigma' values of the 7 facilities are between 0.8 and 1.0, and the operation effectiveness of the facilities is undetermined.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the same sample and prediction method as those in embodiment 1 are used except that the determination of effective operation is changed to "the removal rate of any index of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to any index of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS of rural domestic sewage is not less than 60% and the effluent concentration of any two indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is not higher than the influent concentration".
Histogram As shown in FIG. 3, according to the method of this embodiment, 20 rural domestic sewage treatment facilities to be predicted are detected in total, and the treatment facilities include A2O treatment facilities, artificial wetland treatment facilities, SBR treatment facilities and aeration filter treatment facilities.
Wherein, the sigma' values of 8 facilities are less than 0.8, all the facilities are judged to be effectively operated, and 7 facilities are confirmed to be effectively operated and 1 facility is invalid operated after the water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 80 percent; the sigma' values of 5 facilities are more than 1.0, all the facilities are judged to be invalid operation, and all the facilities are confirmed to be invalid operation facilities after water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 100 percent; the sigma' values of the 7 facilities are between 0.8 and 1.0, and the operation effectiveness of the facilities is undetermined.
Example 4
In the embodiment, except that the effective operation judgment is changed into that the removal rate of any index of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS of rural domestic sewage by the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is more than or equal to 70%, and the effluent concentration of any two indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is not higher than the influent concentration, the rest of the method adopts the sample and the prediction method which are completely the same as those in the embodiment 1, and the threshold interval is determined to be 0.7-1.0.
Histogram As shown in FIG. 4, according to the method of this embodiment, 20 rural domestic sewage treatment facilities to be predicted are detected in total, and the treatment facilities include A2O treatment facilities, artificial wetland treatment facilities, SBR treatment facilities and aeration filter treatment facilities.
Wherein, the sigma' values of 6 facilities are less than 0.7, all the facilities are judged to be effectively operated, 5 facilities are confirmed to be effectively operated facilities after water quality test and inspection, 1 facility is invalid operated facility, and the accuracy rate reaches 83%; the sigma' values of 5 facilities are more than 1.0, all the facilities are judged to be invalid operation, and all the facilities are confirmed to be invalid operation facilities after water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 100 percent; the sigma' values of the 7 facilities are between 0.7 and 1.0, and the operation effectiveness of the facilities is undetermined.
Example 5
In this example, 100A's in the Long triangular region are selected2And O, carrying out two-round sampling test on rural domestic sewage treatment facilities of the process, collecting 200 groups of data in total, and adopting the same prediction method as the embodiment 1 for the rest.
Histogram As shown in FIG. 5, according to the method of the present embodiment, a to be predicted is detected for 20 total2O rural domestic sewage treatment facility.
Wherein, the sigma' values of 7 facilities are less than 0.8, all the facilities are judged to be effectively operated, and 6 facilities are confirmed to be effectively operated and 1 facility is invalid operated after the water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 86 percent; the sigma' values of 4 facilities are more than 1.0, all the facilities are judged to be invalid operation, 3 facilities are confirmed to be invalid operation facilities after water quality test and inspection, 1 facility is valid operation facility, and the accuracy rate reaches 75%; the sigma' values of the 9 facilities are between 0.8 and 1.0, and the operation effectiveness of the facilities is undetermined.
Example 6
In this example, a rural domestic sewage treatment facility of 50 personal constructed wetland processes in the Yangtze river delta area was selected, three sampling tests were performed, 150 sets of data were collected, and the rest were predicted by the same prediction method as in example 1.
The histogram is shown in fig. 6, and according to the method of the embodiment, 20 constructed wetlands to be predicted rural domestic sewage treatment facilities are detected in total.
Wherein, the sigma' values of 10 facilities are less than 0.8, all the facilities are judged to be effectively operated, and all the facilities are confirmed to be effectively operated after water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 100 percent; the sigma' values of 3 facilities are more than 1.0, all the facilities are judged to be invalid operation, and all the facilities are confirmed to be invalid operation facilities after water quality test and inspection, and the accuracy rate reaches 100 percent; the sigma' values of the 7 facilities are between 0.8 and 1.0, and the operation effectiveness of the facilities is undetermined.

Claims (7)

1. A method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, simultaneously measuring the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity of the rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, recording the operation conditions of the corresponding rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, calculating the ratio of the water outlet conductivity to the water inlet conductivity, and recording the ratio as a sigma value;
the operation condition is effective operation or ineffective operation;
the method for distinguishing the effective operation from the ineffective operation comprises the following steps: if the removal rate of any index of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in the rural domestic sewage by the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is larger than or equal to the percentage threshold value, and the condition that the effluent concentration of any two indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is larger than the influent concentration does not occur, the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is judged to be in effective operation; otherwise, the operation is invalid; the percentage threshold is 20% -70%;
(2) dividing the sigma value into a plurality of sigma intervals according to the sigma value obtained in the step (1), taking the sigma intervals as abscissa, and taking the corresponding number of effectively operated facilities and the number of inefficiently operated facilities in the sigma intervals as double ordinate, and establishing a relation graph of the sigma intervals and the operation condition of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities;
(3) according to the relation graph obtained in the step (2), counting the corresponding effective operation rates in different sigma interval ranges, and according to the effective operation rate values, determining a sigma threshold interval which can be used for distinguishing whether the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is in effective operation or invalid operation;
the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the sigma threshold interval are both end point values of the sigma interval;
the upper limit value satisfies the following condition:
(A) the effective operation rate I of all facilities with sigma values larger than the upper limit value is less than or equal to 20-25%;
the effective operation rate I is (the number of all effective operating facilities whose σ value is greater than the upper limit value/the total number of facilities whose σ value is greater than the upper limit value) × 100%;
(B) taking the minimum value of all the upper limit values which meet the condition (A);
the lower limit value satisfies the following condition:
(a) the effective operation rate II of all facilities with the sigma value smaller than the lower limit value is more than or equal to 90-95 percent;
the effective operation rate II is (the number of all effective operating facilities whose σ value is smaller than the lower limit value/the total number of facilities whose σ value is smaller than the lower limit value) × 100%;
(b) taking the maximum value of all the lower limit values which meet the condition (a);
(4) measuring the ratio of the effluent conductivity to the influent conductivity of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted, and recording the ratio as a sigma' value;
if the sigma ' value is larger than the upper limit of the sigma threshold interval, predicting that the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted is in an invalid operation state, if the sigma ' value is smaller than the lower limit of the sigma threshold interval, predicting that the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted is in an effective operation state, and if the sigma ' value is in the sigma threshold interval, determining that the operation condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility to be predicted is undetermined.
2. The method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the number of the selected rural domestic sewage treatment facilities is at least more than 120-150.
3. The method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is A2At least one of an O treatment facility, an artificial wetland treatment facility, an SBR treatment facility and an aeration filter treatment facility.
4. The method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1),
the inlet water conductivity is measured in a regulating reservoir of a rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and the measuring time is 15min after a lifting pump in the regulating reservoir is started;
the outlet water conductivity is measured in an outlet water well of a rural domestic sewage treatment facility and is simultaneously measured with the inlet water conductivity;
the measuring method of the inlet water conductivity and the outlet water conductivity comprises the following steps: collecting a water sample in an adjusting tank or a water outlet well to determine a conductivity value; or, the water in the regulating reservoir or the water outlet well is directly measured by adopting an online monitoring conductivity meter.
5. The method for predicting the effectiveness of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility according to claim 4,
after the lift pump is started for 15min, simultaneously measuring the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity once, then measuring the water inlet conductivity and the water outlet conductivity once every 15min, continuously measuring for 3-4 times, and respectively taking the average value as the water inlet conductivity value and the water outlet conductivity value in the detection stage;
when the inlet water conductivity and the outlet water conductivity are detected each time, the concentrations of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in a regulating tank and an outlet well of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility are respectively measured, and the average value of the concentrations of pollutants is calculated to be used as the concentrations of the COD, the ammonia nitrogen, the total phosphorus and the suspended matters in the detection stage, so that the operation condition of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility is judged.
6. The method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the σ value is divided into 9-12 σ intervals, and the endpoint difference value of each σ interval is 0.1.
7. The method for predicting the operation effectiveness of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the relational graph is a bar graph, wherein the number of facilities which are effectively operated is marked on a positive coordinate axis, and the number of facilities which are inefficiently operated is marked on a negative coordinate axis.
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