CN110145432A - A kind of wave-power device Poewr control method based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm - Google Patents
A kind of wave-power device Poewr control method based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on fourier analysis and improves the wave-power device Poewr control method of grey wolf algorithm, on the basis of retaining grey wolf optimization algorithm most substantive characteristics, increase completely new elite wolf search strategy and wolf pack and strategy is integrally unfolded, the optimization ring of encirclement forms strategy, wolf pack search prey mode and wolf pack structure, it is ensured that improvement grey wolf algorithm, which is avoided that, falls into local optimum because float hydrodynamic force is non-linear.It introduces fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement unit response, to each wave component within the scope of float capture frequency, corresponding optimum motor control parameter is solved using grey wolf algorithm is improved, the power of its carrying is captured to the maximum extent, to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of wave-power device power control, more particularly to it is a kind of based on fourier analysis and
Improve the wave-power device Poewr control method of grey wolf algorithm.
Background technique
In order to realize that wave-power device (Wave Energy Converter, WEC) MPPT maximum power point tracking controls
(Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT), domestic and foreign scholars propose the application of intelligent algorithm.Traditional
Swarm intelligence algorithm has genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm (Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO) etc., however these are calculated
For method when solving complicated optimum problem, convergence rate is slow, easily falls into local optimum, limits maximum power point tracking technology performance
Further promotion.For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of control program based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm
Wave-power device Poewr control method.Retaining, grey wolf optimization algorithm (Grey wolf optimizer, GWO) is most essential
In feature base, increases completely new elite wolf search strategy and wolf pack and strategy is integrally unfolded, the optimization ring of encirclement forms strategy, wolf pack
Search for prey mode and wolf pack structure, it is ensured that improve grey wolf algorithm (Modified Grey Wolf Optimizer, MGWO) energy
It avoids falling into local optimum because float hydrodynamic force is non-linear.It introduces fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement component
Response solves corresponding optimum motor control using grey wolf algorithm is improved to each wave component within the scope of float capture frequency
Parameter processed captures the power of its carrying, to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking to the maximum extent.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of wave-power device Poewr control method based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm, including following step
It is rapid:
S1: the MPPT maximum power point tracking control analysis of wave-power device is carried out, it is flat to find out changeable wave-power device
The electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter of equal output power;
S2: improving grey wolf algorithm, improves its optimizing ability;
S3: it will be controlled by the improved grey wolf algorithm of step S2 applied to wave-power device MPPT maximum power point tracking
In, avoid electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter from falling into local optimum;
S4: it introduces fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement unit response, to float capture frequency range
Interior each wave component solves corresponding best straight line motor electromagnetic forces control parameter using improved grey wolf algorithm, most
The power for capturing to limits its carrying, to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Further, in the step S1, finding out wave-power device average output power, specific step is as follows:
S1-1: the implementing hydrodynamic analysis of wave-power device float is carried out:
Float is incident with wave and moves up and down, by heaving pile traction linear motor movement;It is assumed that it is h's that float, which is in the depth of water,
In perfect fluid, coordinate system is established, and enables water surface z (x, y)=0 when without wave;Practical ocean incidence wave can be considered it is a series of not
The superposition of same frequency component sine waves;The hydrodynamic force that float is subject in wave are as follows:
fwt=fs+fr+fb; (1)
(1) in formula, fsFor the wave-excited force that float is subject to, frFor the radiant force that float is subject to, fbIt is subject to for float quiet
Water restoring force;
Wherein, the wave-excited force that float is subject to:
(3) in formula,The section for being 0 for incidence angle admires function;S is float surface;V is float volume;
For incidence wave velocity potential;Heaving occurs under the wave action for float, generates radiated wave velocity potential and radiated wave hydrodynamic
Power, WhiFor the high coefficient of wave;
The radiant force that float is subject to:
The hydrostatic restoring force that float is subject to:
fb=-ρ gSwZ (t)=- kSz(t); (5)
S1-2: the tracking optimization analysis of wave-power device power points is carried out:
According to Newton's law, wave-power device moving component kinetics equation are as follows:
In formula (2), fwtIt (t) is hydrodynamic force, fvIt (t) is fluid viscous power, ffIt (t) is frictional force, fgIt (t) is linear motor
Electromagnetic force, m are heavy moving parts,For float acceleration of motion;
When float is in perfect fluid, ignore research object fluid viscous power and frictional force, by (4), (5), (1) is substituted into
(2) it obtains to obtain:
In formula (6), z (t) is float moving displacement;
And if only if linear motor, there are energy when appropriate electromagnetic force, can be made to remember that straight-line electric is electromechanical from wave feed-in power grid
Magnetic force fg(t) are as follows:
In formula (7), Rg、kc、klFor electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter;
The instantaneous power of wave-power device capture are as follows:
Wave frequencies will affect wave-power device output power, formula (8) be substituted into formula (7), and carry out Fourier transformation,
It is responded from frequency-domain analysis moving component:
R in formula (8)a(ω) is additional drag, ma(ω) is additional mass, and z (j ω) is speed of the float in frequency domain, Fs(j
It ω) is hydrodynamic force of the float in frequency domain;
Disregard linear motor iron core magnetic hysteresis eddy-current loss, wave-power device average output power is the real part of complex power:
Joint type (9) and (10), obtain wave-power device average output power are as follows:
In formula (11), m, kSFor constant, Ra(ω)、ma(ω) there are non-linear relations with frequency.
Further, detailed process is as follows by the step S2:
S2-1: the election contest of elite wolf:
Wolf pack successively throws down the gauntlet to current elite wolf level, and optimal preceding four grey wolves of election contest fitness are level-one elite
Wolf As(1) and second level elite wolf As(2)、As(3)、As(4), artificial wolf pack hierarchical structure is adjusted are as follows: I and II elite wolf and general
Logical wolf;The wolf pack structure for improving redundancy enables common wolf more to respond rapidly to the instruction of elite wolf, improves convergence rate;
S2-2: the search of elite wolf: random pair two-by-two between elite wolf, by the optimal prey of formula (12) search:
In formula (12), As(k)、As(l) elite wolf k, l present position is indicated;Ahz(k)、Ahz(l) indicate elite wolf k,
The expected position gone to after l exchange prey location information;Sprl1、Sprl2 be the random number in [- 1,1];
S2-3: it assumes a ring of encirclement:
Common wolf A (i) is in elite wolf As(w) lower determining enclosing region is inspired, is specifically indicated with following formula (13):
In formula (13), As(w) elite wolf position is indicated;DswIndicate elite wolf As(w) give common wolf A (i) specified packet
The radius of enclosure;XwIndicate elite wolf As(w) region of search specified to common wolf A (i);RwIndicate the random number in [0,1];
YrIt indicates permission coefficient, is the random number in [- 1,1];W=1,2,3,4;I=1,2 ..., Nw;NwFor wolf pack grey wolf number;
S2-4: search prey: common wolf A (i) goes to corresponding region to search for prey by formula (14):
A (i)=We1X1+We2X2+We3X3+We4X4; (14)
W in formula (13)e1、We2、We3、We4Weight coefficient, W are dominated for elite wolfe1=0.55, We2=0.2, We3=0.15,
We4=0.1;
The expansion of S2-5 wolf pack: all members of wolf pack are unfolded in search space by formula (15), are ready for next round hunting:
Acz(i, j)=rA (i, j)+(1-r) A (i, k) (15)
In formula (15), A (i, j), A (i, k) are the jth of grey wolf A (i), k dimension variable;Acz(i, j) is grey wolf A (i) jth dimension
Variable is by the desired location after above formula change;R is the random number of [0,1].
Further, specific step is as follows by the step S3:
S3-1: setting wolf pack grey wolf number Nw, maximum cycle Nmc, variables number NdAnd the upper and lower limit of variable;
S3-2: setting cycle counter Cou=1, the random initializtion wolf pack position in solution space, I and II elite wolf is fitted
Response is set as minimum value;
S3-3: wolf pack initiates to challenge to current elite wolf, and election contest optimal preceding four wolves of fitness are level-one elite wolf As
(1), second level elite wolf As(2)、As(3)、As(4);Export level-one elite wolf AsIt (1) is electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter;
S3-4: elite wolf random pair two-by-two executes the search process of formula (12), check elite wolf location parameter whether
In solution space, it is nearest boundary value by out-of-limit parameter setting, compares desired location and current location fitness value, retain more excellent
Position carries out subsequent operation;
S3-5: common wolf A (i) receives the instruction of elite wolf, determines ring of encirclement radius by formula (13) and to specified region shape
At the ring of encirclement;
S3-6: common wolf A (i) is instructed according to different elite wolves dominates weight coefficient, carries out by formula (14) to specified region
Search;
S3-7: each grey wolf individual ownership variable random pair two-by-two in wolf pack searches for solution space, grey wolf by formula (15)
Body only retains preferably one participation next round iteration in current location and desired location;
S3-8: cycle counter Cou=Cou+ 1, if Cou<Nmc, program is transferred to S3-3, and otherwise, program is transferred to 3-9;
S3-9: program meets newly-installed cycle counter Cou<NmcAfter restart, be transferred to step S3-3.
Further, detailed process is as follows by the step S4:
S4-1: ocean incidence wave is decomposed using fourier analysis method, rewrites wave-excited force fs(t) are as follows:
fs=fcω1+…+fcωn+fhω1+…+fhωm (16)
In formula (16), fcω1..., fcωnIndicate power component wave-excited force of the frequency within the scope of float capture frequency;
fhω1,…,fhωm--- random component wave-excited force of the frequency not within the scope of float capture frequency;C ω 1 ..., c ω n table
Show n power component;H ω 1 ..., h ω m indicate m random component;
S4-2: principle of stacking is used, by formula
It rewrites are as follows:
S4-3: ignore in wave the not random component within the scope of float capture frequency, by the kinematic parameter of moving component
It is decomposed with fourier analysis method;To capture the power that each power component c ω i is carried, corresponding electromagnetic linear motor power given value
fgcωi *And the total electromagnetic force given value f of wave-power device linear motorgt *As shown in formula (18);
In formula (18), Rgcωi、kccωi、klcωiThe respectively corresponding electromagnetic linear motor power control of frequency c ω i power component
Parameter, i=1 ..., n;Make the practical electromagnetic linear motor power f of wave-power devicegtTrack given value fgt *, wave-power device catches
The instantaneous power P obtainedtotalAre as follows:
According to the orthogonality of different frequency sine wave, rewrite formula (19) are as follows:
The average output power of marine environment medium wave wave electric generating apparatus can be obtained from above are as follows:
From formula (21) it is found that after improvement grey wolf algorithm of the wave-power device using the optimization of fourier analysis method, formula (21-1)
The each single item that right side of the equal sign is added reaches value as big as possible, total average output power PgIt can reach maximum value;
And use and improve grey wolf algorithm algorithm, each power component c ω i can effectively be captured by, which solving, carries the best straight of power
Line motor electromagnetic forces control parameter Rgcωi、kccωi、klcωiEven each single item that formula (21-1) right side of the equal sign is added obtains as far as possible
Big value;The electromagnetism force component given value that can effectively capture each power component c ω i and carry power is generated by formula (17-1) again,
Right back-pushed-type (17-2) generates total optimum motor electromagnetic force given value, enables practical electromagnetic linear motor force tracking given value, from
And the power that each power component c ω i is carried in practical wave is captured to the maximum extent, realize the wave operated in marine environment
The MPPT maximum power point tracking of wave electric generating apparatus.
Compared with prior art, this programme principle and advantage is as follows:
This programme carries out the MPPT maximum power point tracking control analysis of wave-power device first, finds out changeable wave-activated power generation
The electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter of device average output power;Then grey wolf algorithm is improved, improves its optimizing energy
Power;Then improved grey wolf algorithm is applied in wave-power device MPPT maximum power point tracking control, avoids linear motor
Electromagnetic force control parameter falls into local optimum;It is finally introducing fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement component sound
It answers, to each wave component within the scope of float capture frequency, solves corresponding best straight line using improved grey wolf algorithm
Motor electromagnetic forces control parameter captures the power of its carrying, to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking to the maximum extent.
This programme introduces fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement unit response, to float capture frequency model
Interior each wave component is enclosed, corresponding optimum motor control parameter is solved using grey wolf algorithm is improved, captures to the maximum extent
Its power carried, to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is a kind of based on fourier analysis and the wave-power device Poewr control method for improving grey wolf algorithm
Flow chart;
Fig. 2 is wave-power device simulation model structure chart;
Algorithm average target value evolution curve graph when Fig. 3 is T=5s;
Wave-power device average output power curve graph when Fig. 4 is T=5s;
Algorithm average target value evolution curve when Fig. 5 is T=7s;
Wave-power device average output power curve graph when Fig. 6 is T=7s.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments:
It is shown in Figure 1, a kind of wavy hair Denso based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm described in the present embodiment
Set Poewr control method, comprising the following steps:
S1: the MPPT maximum power point tracking control analysis of wave-power device is carried out, it is flat to find out changeable wave-power device
The electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter of equal output power;Detailed process is as follows for it:
S1-1: the implementing hydrodynamic analysis of wave-power device float is carried out:
Float is incident with wave and moves up and down, by heaving pile traction linear motor movement;It is assumed that it is h's that float, which is in the depth of water,
In perfect fluid, coordinate system is established, and enables water surface z (x, y)=0 when without wave;Practical ocean incidence wave can be considered it is a series of not
The superposition of same frequency component sine waves;The hydrodynamic force that float is subject in wave are as follows:
fwt=fs+fr+fb; (1)
(1) in formula, fsFor the wave-excited force that float is subject to, frFor the radiant force that float is subject to, fbIt is subject to for float quiet
Water restoring force;
Wherein, the wave-excited force that float is subject to:
(3) in formula,The section for being 0 for incidence angle admires function;S is float surface;V is float volume;For
Incidence wave velocity potential;Heaving occurs under the wave action for float, generates radiated wave velocity potential and radiated wave hydrodynamic pressure,
WhiFor the high coefficient of wave;
The radiant force that float is subject to:
The hydrostatic restoring force that float is subject to:
fb=-ρ gSwZ (t)=- kSz(t); (5)
S1-2: the tracking optimization analysis of wave-power device power points is carried out:
According to Newton's law, wave-power device moving component kinetics equation are as follows:
In formula (2), fwtIt (t) is hydrodynamic force, fvIt (t) is fluid viscous power, ffIt (t) is frictional force, fgIt (t) is linear motor
Electromagnetic force, m are heavy moving parts,For float acceleration of motion;
When float is in perfect fluid, ignore research object fluid viscous power and frictional force, by (4), (5), (1) is substituted into
(2) it obtains to obtain:
In formula (6), z (t) is float moving displacement;
And if only if linear motor, there are energy when appropriate electromagnetic force, can be made to remember that straight-line electric is electromechanical from wave feed-in power grid
Magnetic force fg(t) are as follows:
In formula (7), Rg、kc、klFor electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter;
The instantaneous power of wave-power device capture are as follows:
Wave frequencies will affect wave-power device output power, formula (8) be substituted into formula (7), and carry out Fourier transformation,
It is responded from frequency-domain analysis moving component:
R in formula (8)a(ω) is additional drag, ma(ω) is additional mass, and z (j ω) is speed of the float in frequency domain, Fs(j
It ω) is hydrodynamic force of the float in frequency domain;
Disregard linear motor iron core magnetic hysteresis eddy-current loss, wave-power device average output power is the real part of complex power:
Joint type (9) and (10), obtain wave-power device average output power are as follows:
In formula (11), m, kSFor constant, Ra(ω)、ma(ω) there are non-linear relations with frequency.
From step S1 it is found that when wave frequencies ω is constant, electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter R is adjustedg、kc、kl, can
Change the average output power of wave-power device.Improvement grey wolf algorithm the convergence speed is fast, and global optimizing ability is strong, is applied to wave
In wave electric generating apparatus MPPT maximum power point tracking optimization, R can effectively avoidg、kc、klFall into local optimum.
Below step S2 improves grey wolf algorithm, and detailed process is as follows:
S2-1: the election contest of elite wolf:
Wolf pack successively throws down the gauntlet to current elite wolf level, and optimal preceding four grey wolves of election contest fitness are level-one elite
Wolf As(1) and second level elite wolf As(2)、As(3)、As(4), artificial wolf pack hierarchical structure is adjusted are as follows: I and II elite wolf and general
Logical wolf;The wolf pack structure for improving redundancy enables common wolf more to respond rapidly to the instruction of elite wolf, improves convergence rate;
S2-2: the search of elite wolf: random pair two-by-two between elite wolf, by the optimal prey of formula (12) search:
In formula (12), As(k)、As(l) elite wolf k, l present position is indicated;Ahz(k)、Ahz(l) indicate elite wolf k,
The expected position gone to after l exchange prey location information;Sprl1、Sprl2 be the random number in [- 1,1];Between elite wolf two-by-two with
Machine pairing, carries out information interchange, refinement segmentation it is fixed it is more potential seek optimal prey region, every group of elite wolf joint
Refinement region is scanned for, Sprl1、Sprl2 traverse elite wolf can not only inside cut zone, moreover it is possible to the outer of cut zone
Portion edge scans for, and increases the probability for finding optimal prey;Elite wolf k, l after scanning for, can only retain it is current and
Preferably one in desired location;
S2-3: it assumes a ring of encirclement:
Common wolf A (i) is in elite wolf As(w) lower determining enclosing region is inspired, is specifically indicated with following formula (13):
In formula (13), As(w) elite wolf position is indicated;DswIndicate elite wolf As(w) give common wolf A (i) specified packet
The radius of enclosure;XwIndicate elite wolf As(w) region of search specified to common wolf A (i);RwIndicate the random number in [0,1];
YrIt indicates permission coefficient, is the random number in [- 1,1];W=1,2,3,4;I=1,2 ..., Nw;NwFor wolf pack grey wolf number;Change
The ability that elite wolf holds optimal prey position is further enhanced into grey wolf algorithm, eliminates prey orientation factor P;Removal is received
Contracting factor Q, elite wolf no longer mechanically specify the radius of the responsible ring of encirclement of common wolf A (i), RwMake common wolf A (i) can be by a
The intelligence of body flexibly determines ring of encirclement radius after receiving elite wolf information, completes the encirclement activity to specified region, permission
Coefficient Yr assigns the ability of common wolf search ring of encirclement external margin, optimizes common wolf way of search;
S2-4: search prey: common wolf A (i) goes to corresponding region to search for prey by formula (14):
A (i)=We1X1+We2X2+We3X3+We4X4; (14)
W in formula (13)e1、We2、We3、We4Weight coefficient, W are dominated for elite wolfe1=0.55, We2=0.2, We3=0.15,
We4=0.1;Influence in view of different levels elite wolf instruction priority to optimal prey is searched for, when determining region of search,
The common wolf A (i) for improving grey wolf algorithm, which introduces, dominates weight coefficient, can give full play to different levels individual and capture optimal prey
When effect;
The expansion of S2-5 wolf pack: all members of wolf pack are unfolded in search space by formula (15), are ready for next round hunting:
Acz(i, j)=rA (i, j)+(1-r) A (i, k) (15)
In formula (15), A (i, j), A (i, k) are the jth of grey wolf A (i), k dimension variable;Acz(i, j) is grey wolf A (i) jth dimension
Variable is by the desired location after above formula change;R is the random number of [0,1];All variables of each individual A (i) of wolf pack are random
It matches two-by-two, carries out the arithmetical operation of formula (15), grey wolf can only retain currently next with preferably one participation in desired location
Iteration;Increase wolf pack and behavior is unfolded, avoids wolf pack from integrally excessively gathering in elite wolf near zone, population diversity can be increased;
S3: it will be controlled by the improved grey wolf algorithm of step S2 applied to wave-power device MPPT maximum power point tracking
In, avoid electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter from falling into local optimum;Detailed process is as follows:
S3-1: setting wolf pack grey wolf number Nw, maximum cycle Nmc, variables number NdAnd the upper and lower limit of variable;
S3-2: setting cycle counter Cou=1, the random initializtion wolf pack position in solution space, I and II elite wolf is fitted
Response is set as minimum value;
S3-3: wolf pack initiates to challenge to current elite wolf, and election contest optimal preceding four wolves of fitness are level-one elite wolf As
(1), second level elite wolf As(2)、As(3)、As(4);Export level-one elite wolf AsIt (1) is electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter;
S3-4: elite wolf random pair two-by-two executes the search process of formula (12), check elite wolf location parameter whether
In solution space, it is nearest boundary value by out-of-limit parameter setting, compares desired location and current location fitness value, retain more excellent
Position carries out subsequent operation;
S3-5: common wolf A (i) receives the instruction of elite wolf, determines ring of encirclement radius by formula (13) and to specified region shape
At the ring of encirclement;
S3-6: common wolf A (i) is instructed according to different elite wolves dominates weight coefficient, carries out by formula (14) to specified region
Search;
S3-7: each grey wolf individual ownership variable random pair two-by-two in wolf pack searches for solution space, grey wolf by formula (15)
Body only retains preferably one participation next round iteration in current location and desired location;
S3-8: cycle counter Cou=Cou+ 1, if Cou<Nmc, program is transferred to S3-3, and otherwise, program is transferred to 3-9;
S3-9: program meets newly-installed cycle counter Cou<NmcAfter restart, be transferred to step S3-3.
S4: it introduces fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement unit response, to float capture frequency range
Interior each wave component solves corresponding best straight line motor electromagnetic forces control parameter using improved grey wolf algorithm, most
Capture to limits the power of its carrying;Detailed process is as follows:
S4-1: ocean incidence wave is decomposed using fourier analysis method, rewrites wave-excited force fs(t) are as follows:
fs=fcω1+…+fcωn+fhω1+…+fhωm (16)
In formula (16), fcω1..., fcωnIndicate power component wave-excited force of the frequency within the scope of float capture frequency;
fhω1,…,fhωm--- random component wave-excited force of the frequency not within the scope of float capture frequency;C ω 1 ..., c ω n table
Show n power component;H ω 1 ..., h ω m indicate m random component;
S4-2: principle of stacking is used, by formula
It rewrites are as follows:
S4-3: ignore in wave the not random component within the scope of float capture frequency, by the kinematic parameter of moving component
It is decomposed with fourier analysis method;To capture the power that each power component c ω i is carried, corresponding electromagnetic linear motor power given value
fgcωi *And the total electromagnetic force given value f of wave-power device linear motorgt *As shown in formula (18);
In formula (18), Rgcωi、kccωi、klcωiThe respectively corresponding electromagnetic linear motor power control of frequency c ω i power component
Parameter, i=1 ..., n;Make the practical electromagnetic linear motor power f of wave-power devicegtTrack given value fgt *, wave-power device catches
The instantaneous power P obtainedtotalAre as follows:
According to the orthogonality of different frequency sine wave, rewrite formula (19) are as follows:
The average output power of marine environment medium wave wave electric generating apparatus can be obtained from above are as follows:
From formula (21) it is found that after improvement grey wolf algorithm of the wave-power device using the optimization of fourier analysis method, formula (21-1)
The each single item that right side of the equal sign is added reaches value as big as possible, total average output power PgIt can reach maximum value;
And use and improve grey wolf algorithm algorithm, each power component c ω i can effectively be captured by, which solving, carries the best straight of power
Line motor electromagnetic forces control parameter Rgcωi、kccωi、klcωiEven each single item that formula (21-1) right side of the equal sign is added obtains as far as possible
Big value;The electromagnetism force component given value that can effectively capture each power component c ω i and carry power is generated by formula (17-1) again,
Right back-pushed-type (17-2) generates total optimum motor electromagnetic force given value, enables practical electromagnetic linear motor force tracking given value, from
And the power that each power component c ω i is carried in practical wave is captured to the maximum extent, realize the wave operated in marine environment
The MPPT maximum power point tracking of wave electric generating apparatus.
For the validity for verifying above-mentioned improvement grey wolf algorithm (MGWO algorithm), it is based on Matlab/Simulink environment, is built
Wave-power device simulation model as shown in Figure 2.Studied maximal power tracing optimization method, be not related to DC/DC converter,
The parts such as battery and grid side inverter, can be equivalent to DC power supply.Permanent magnet synchronous linear generator parameter: stator d, q axis
Inductance Ld=Lq=0.07H, stator resistance Rs=0.2 Ω, permanent magnet flux linkage Ψ f=0.46Wb, pole span τ n=0.36m, movement
Part quality is m=612kg, hydrostatic restoring force rigidity ks=3072kgs-2.Improve grey wolf algorithm parameter setting: artificial wolf pack
Grey wolf number Nw=10, maximum cycle Nmc=80.Solver is set as ode3 (Bogacki-Shampine), fixed sample
Step-length 0.005s.First in sinusoidal incidence wave, MGWO algorithm and standard GWO algorithm power tracking effect of optimization are verified;
Then increase fourier analysis method optimization module, the power tracking effect in the case of practical ocean incidence wave is simulated in verifying.China east
Annual wave period variation range is about 3~10s in the coastal exclusive economic zone in south, and correspondence angular frequency range 0.628~
2.093rad·s-1。
When ideal sinusoidal incidence wave period is 5,7s, operation is based on the wave-activated power generation of MGWO, GWO, population (PSO) algorithm
Device simulink simulation model each 3 times.3 average target value evolution curves of optimization algorithm and wave-power device are average defeated
Power curve is plotted in Fig. 3-6 respectively out.The maximum average output power P that MGWO, GWO, PSO algorithm are solvedamaxAnd it is corresponding
Electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter Rg、kc、klRemember in the following table 1,2.In table, AVEp/STDEV is that 3 maximums are averaged output work
The average value and control parameter R of rateg、kc、klStandard deviation.
From Fig. 4,6 and table 1,2 it is found that when incident wave period is respectively 5,7s, compared to GWO and PSO algorithm, MGWO is calculated
The average value (AVEp) that method solves output power three times improves 26.75%, 23.49% and 58.19%, 46.67% respectively;By
For table 1,2 it is found that under different wave periods, MGWO algorithm acquires control parameter R three timesg、kc、klStandard deviation (STDEV) it is aobvious
Write and be less than GWO and PSO algorithm, seek for MGWO algorithm each time Motor control parameters consistency is good, global optimizing ability is strong.
The P that MGWO, GWO, PSO algorithm solve when 1 T=5s of tableamaxAnd corresponding Rg、kc、kl
The P that MGWO, GWO, PSO algorithm solve when 2 T=7s of tableamaxAnd corresponding Rg、kc、kl
The examples of implementation of the above are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and implementation model of the invention is not limited with this
It encloses, therefore all shapes according to the present invention, changes made by principle, should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of wave-power device Poewr control method based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
S1: the MPPT maximum power point tracking control analysis of wave-power device is carried out, it is average defeated to find out changeable wave-power device
The electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter of power out;
S2: improving grey wolf algorithm, improves its optimizing ability;
S3: it will be applied in wave-power device MPPT maximum power point tracking control by the improved grey wolf algorithm of step S2, be kept away
Exempt from electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter and falls into local optimum;
S4: it introduces fourier analysis method and decomposes ocean incidence wave and motor movement unit response, within the scope of float capture frequency
Each wave component solves corresponding best straight line motor electromagnetic forces control parameter, maximum limit using improved grey wolf algorithm
The power of its carrying of degree ground capture, to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking.
2. a kind of wave-power device power control based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that in the step S1, finding out wave-power device average output power, specific step is as follows:
S1-1: the implementing hydrodynamic analysis of wave-power device float is carried out:
Float is incident with wave and moves up and down, by heaving pile traction linear motor movement;It is assumed that float is in the ideal that the depth of water is h
In fluid, coordinate system is established, and enables water surface z (x, y)=0 when without wave;Practical ocean incidence wave can be considered a series of different frequencies
The superposition of rate component sine waves;The hydrodynamic force that float is subject in wave are as follows:
fwt=fs+fr+fb; (1)
(1) in formula, fsFor the wave-excited force that float is subject to, frFor the radiant force that float is subject to, fbThe hydrostatic being subject to for float is extensive
Multiple power;
Wherein, the wave-excited force that float is subject to:
(3) in formula,The section for being 0 for incidence angle admires function;S is float surface;V is float volume;For incidence
Wave velocity gesture;Heaving occurs under the wave action for float, generates radiated wave velocity potential and radiated wave hydrodynamic pressure, WhiFor
The high coefficient of wave;
The radiant force that float is subject to:
The hydrostatic restoring force that float is subject to:
fb=-ρ gSwZ (t)=- kSz(t);(5)
S1-2: the tracking optimization analysis of wave-power device power points is carried out:
According to Newton's law, wave-power device moving component kinetics equation are as follows:
In formula (2), fwtIt (t) is hydrodynamic force, fvIt (t) is fluid viscous power, ffIt (t) is frictional force, fgIt (t) is electromagnetic linear motor
Power, m are heavy moving parts,For float acceleration of motion;
When float is in perfect fluid, ignore research object fluid viscous power and frictional force, by (4), (5), (1) substitutes into (2)
It obtains to obtain:
In formula (6), z (t) is float moving displacement;
And if only if linear motor, there are energy when appropriate electromagnetic force, can be made to remember electromagnetic linear motor power f from wave feed-in power gridg
(t) are as follows:
In formula (7), Rg、kc、klFor electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter;
The instantaneous power of wave-power device capture are as follows:
Wave frequencies will affect wave-power device output power, formula (8) be substituted into formula (7), and carry out Fourier transformation, from frequency
The response of domain analysis moving component:
(jω)2(m+ma(ω)+k1)z(jω)
=Fs(jω)-jω(Ra(ω)+Rg)z(jω)-(ks+kc)z(jω); (9)
R in formula (8)a(ω) is additional drag, ma(ω) is additional mass, and z (j ω) is speed of the float in frequency domain, Fs(jω)
For float frequency domain hydrodynamic force;
Disregard linear motor iron core magnetic hysteresis eddy-current loss, wave-power device average output power is the real part of complex power:
Joint type (9) and (10), obtain wave-power device average output power are as follows:
In formula (11), m, kSFor constant, Ra(ω)、ma(ω) there are non-linear relations with frequency.
3. a kind of wave-power device power control based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the step S2 improves grey wolf algorithm, and improved grey wolf algorithm is applied in step S3;
Detailed process is as follows by step S2:
S2-1: the election contest of elite wolf:
Wolf pack successively throws down the gauntlet to current elite wolf level, and optimal preceding four grey wolves of election contest fitness are level-one elite wolf As
(1) and second level elite wolf As(2)、As(3)、As(4), artificial wolf pack hierarchical structure is adjusted are as follows: I and II elite wolf and common wolf;
The wolf pack structure for improving redundancy enables common wolf more to respond rapidly to the instruction of elite wolf, improves convergence rate;
S2-2: the search of elite wolf: random pair two-by-two between elite wolf, by the optimal prey of formula (12) search:
In formula (12), As(k)、As(l) elite wolf k, l present position is indicated;Ahz(k)、Ahz(l) indicate that elite wolf k, l are handed over
The expected position gone to after stream prey location information;Sprl1、Sprl2 be the random number in [- 1,1];
S2-3: it assumes a ring of encirclement:
Common wolf A (i) is in elite wolf As(w) lower determining enclosing region is inspired, is specifically indicated with following formula (13):
In formula (13), As(w) elite wolf position is indicated;DswIndicate elite wolf As(w) ring of encirclement is specified to common wolf A (i)
Radius;XwIndicate elite wolf As(w) region of search specified to common wolf A (i);RwIndicate the random number in [0,1];YrIt indicates
Permission coefficient is the random number in [- 1,1];W=1,2,3,4;I=1,2 ..., Nw;NwFor wolf pack grey wolf number;
S2-4: search prey: common wolf A (i) goes to corresponding region to search for prey by formula (14):
A (i)=We1X1+We2X2+We3X3+We4X4; (14)
W in formula (13)e1、We2、We3、We4Weight coefficient, W are dominated for elite wolfe1=0.55, We2=0.2, We3=0.15, We4=
0.1;
The expansion of S2-5 wolf pack: all members of wolf pack are unfolded in search space by formula (15), are ready for next round hunting:
Acz(i, j)=rA (i, j)+(1-r) A (i, k) (15)
In formula (15), A (i, j), A (i, k) are the jth of grey wolf A (i), k dimension variable;Acz(i, j) is that grey wolf A (i) jth ties up variable
Desired location after changing by above formula;R is the random number of [0,1].
4. a kind of wave-power device power control based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm according to claim 3
Method, which is characterized in that detailed process is as follows by the step S3:
S3-1: setting wolf pack grey wolf number Nw, maximum cycle Nmc, variables number NdAnd the upper and lower limit of variable;
S3-2: setting cycle counter Cou=1, the random initializtion wolf pack position in solution space, I and II elite wolf fitness
It is set as minimum value;
S3-3: wolf pack initiates to challenge to current elite wolf, and election contest optimal preceding four wolves of fitness are level-one elite wolf As(1), second level
Elite wolf As(2)、As(3)、As(4);Export level-one elite wolf AsIt (1) is electromagnetic linear motor power control parameter;
S3-4: whether random pair, the search process of execution formula (12), inspection elite wolf location parameter are empty in solution two-by-two for elite wolf
In, it is nearest boundary value by out-of-limit parameter setting, compares desired location and current location fitness value, retains more excellent position
Carry out subsequent operation;
S3-5: common wolf A (i) receives the instruction of elite wolf, is determined ring of encirclement radius by formula (13) and is formed to specified region and wrapped
Enclosure;
S3-6: common wolf A (i) is instructed according to different elite wolves dominates weight coefficient, scans for by formula (14) to specified region;
S3-7: each grey wolf individual ownership variable random pair two-by-two in wolf pack searches for solution space by formula (15), and grey wolf individual is only
Retain preferably one participation next round iteration in current location and desired location;
S3-8: cycle counter Cou=Cou+ 1, if Cou<Nmc, program is transferred to S3-3, and otherwise, program is transferred to 3-9;
S3-9: program meets newly-installed cycle counter Cou<NmcAfter restart, be transferred to step S3-3.
5. a kind of wave-power device power control based on fourier analysis and improvement grey wolf algorithm according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that detailed process is as follows by the step S4:
S4-1: ocean incidence wave is decomposed using fourier analysis method, rewrites wave-excited force fs(t) are as follows:
fs=fcωl+…+fcωn+fhωl+…+fhωm (16)
In formula (16), fcωl..., fcωnIndicate power component wave-excited force of the frequency within the scope of float capture frequency;
fhωl..., fhωm--- random component wave-excited force of the frequency not within the scope of float capture frequency;C ω l ..., c ω n table
Show n power component;H ω l ..., h ω m indicates m random component;
S4-2: principle of stacking is used, by formula
It rewrites are as follows:
S4-3: ignore in wave the not random component within the scope of float capture frequency, the kinematic parameter of moving component is used into Fu
Family name's analytic approach is decomposed;To capture the power that each power component c ω i is carried, corresponding electromagnetic linear motor power given value fgcωi *
And the total electromagnetic force given value f of wave-power device linear motorgt *As shown in formula (18);
In formula (18), Rgcωi、kccωi、klcωiThe respectively corresponding electromagnetic linear motor power control ginseng of frequency c ω i power component
Number, i=1 ..., n;Make the practical electromagnetic linear motor power f of wave-power devicegtTrack given value fgt *, wave-power device capture
Instantaneous power PtotalAre as follows:
According to the orthogonality of different frequency sine wave, rewrite formula (19) are as follows:
The average output power of marine environment medium wave wave electric generating apparatus can be obtained from above are as follows:
From formula (21) it is found that after improvement grey wolf algorithm of the wave-power device using the optimization of fourier analysis method, formula (21-1) equal sign
The each single item that the right is added reaches value as big as possible, total average output power PgIt can reach maximum value;
And use and improve grey wolf algorithm algorithm, the best straight line electricity that each power component c ω i carries power can effectively be captured by solving
Electromechanical magnetic force control parameter Rgcωi、kccωi、klcωiEven each single item that formula (21-1) right side of the equal sign is added obtains as big as possible
Value;The electromagnetism force component given value that can effectively capture each power component c ω i and carry power is generated by formula (17-1) again, then
Total optimum motor electromagnetic force given value is generated by formula (17-2), practical electromagnetic linear motor force tracking given value is enabled, thus most
The power that each power component c ω i is carried in practical wave is captured to limits, realizes the wavy hair operated in marine environment
The MPPT maximum power point tracking of electric installation.
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