CN110132583A - A kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device and its detection method - Google Patents
A kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device and its detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132583A CN110132583A CN201910433506.4A CN201910433506A CN110132583A CN 110132583 A CN110132583 A CN 110132583A CN 201910433506 A CN201910433506 A CN 201910433506A CN 110132583 A CN110132583 A CN 110132583A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection devices, the device includes bottom plate pedestal, there is location and installation to have positioning guide rail raceway and tested guide rail raceway on bottom plate pedestal, there are two sliding blocks for set on positioning guide rail raceway, single row ball sliding block is cased on tested guide rail raceway, bolt is fixed on single row ball sliding block two sliding blocks respectively, there is an annular ball channel in single row ball sliding block, having in ball channel can be with the roller of shuttling movement, ball a part is the ball with transmitting visible light, a part of ball does not have light source, the motion state of ball can be seen or be detected by transparent observation panel.Its detection method is also disclosed.Linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device of the invention can be used for studying the test and analysis of the forms of motion of ball in rolling guide-rail pairs in varied situations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to accurate digital control manufacturing technology field more particularly to a kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion states
Detection device and its detection method.
Background technique
Linear major moving part of the rolling guide-rail pairs as precise numerical control machine, precision deterioration law and friction/mill
The rule of damage is to determine the major issue of precision machine tool processing performance.As China manufactures the gradually reality of big country and manufacturing power
Existing, the performance of this manufacturing equipment of an urgent demand precise numerical control machine is improved largely.Domestic development and the accurate machine produced
Bed is compared with external product in terms of precision property, dynamic characteristic, friction, wear degradation with straight-line rolling guide set and is in a disadvantageous position
Situation.Its these above-mentioned performance and changing rule other than manufacturing process is there are problem also with the shortcoming to fundamental research.
Precision Linear Rolling Guide pair is precision property, dynamic characteristic, friction, the wear degradation the problems such as and rolling movement pair is in specific work
Forms of motion under condition has extremely close relationship, and rolling element moves between raceway and the relative motion generated with raceway is closed
System is more complicated.And the ball inside rolling guide-rail pairs cannot observe directly, which limits transport to rolling element
The intuitive research of dynamic form.In order to which theoretical analysis result and actual conditions can accurately compare, the invention proposes one kind
The motion state detection device and test method of linear rolling guide rolling pair, use the single row ball of amplification for research object,
And the point light source of visible light is installed on individual balls, for the intuitive observation of naked eyes and optical instrument to ball moving state
Accurate detection.The invention experimental rig can simulate the rolling in the case of the preloading of practical rolling guide-rail pairs positioning states and variation
Kinetoplast motion conditions, and propose specific analysis of experiments and test method.Apparatus of the present invention can detecte different-diameter size
Rolling element under different linear speeds, the rolling element of different materials, different pressured state of rolling element, sliding block in straight trip raceway
With the forms of motion of two positions of ball-returning device inner orbit of turning.The form that research rolling element rolls in ball-returning device is to guideway
Noise control play a significant role.
The present invention proposes and devises a kind of motion state detection device of linear rolling guide rolling pair, and use is advanced
Optical detective technology and effective method, for studying the test of the forms of motion of ball in rolling guide-rail pairs in varied situations
And analysis.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device and its detection methods.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device, including bottom plate pedestal, the bottom plate pedestal two are long
Location and installation has positioning guide rail raceway and tested guide rail raceway to avris respectively, sliding block there are two sets on the positioning guide rail raceway,
Single row ball sliding block is cased on the tested guide rail raceway, bolt is fixed on single row ball sliding block two sliding blocks respectively,
There is an annular ball channel in the single row ball sliding block, the single row ball sliding block is back and forth run on two raceways
When, ball shuttling movement, ball a part in ball channel can be the ball with transmitting visible light in ball channel,
A part of ball does not have light source, wherein the luminous point on the ball with light emitting source only has one, the ball channel lower part is
Guide rail raceway, shape are matched with the tested guide rail raceway, and the ball is between guide rail raceway and tested guide rail raceway
And movement in ball channel, the bending part of the ball channel is ball-returning device, and the effect of ball-returning device is to maintain ball at certain
Starting point is turned again to when rolling a lead in one track, is maintained at the rolling recycled in the same ring raceway, the rolling
The motion state of pearl can be seen or be detected by transparent observation panel;
Left side limit sensors and right side limit sensors are respectively provided in the two sides of tested guide rail raceway, it is whole for controlling
Two extreme positions of a sliding block;A guide wheel pedestal is respectively installed at both ends on the bottom plate pedestal along its length, in institute
It states and the first belt guide wheel and the second belt guide wheel is installed on guide wheel pedestal, covered on the first belt guide wheel and the second belt guide wheel
There is synchronous belt, keeps horizontal on the upside of the synchronous belt, the synchronous belt passes through connector and the single row ball sliding block
It is connected, the single row ball sliding block drives reciprocal fortune by the stepper motor being installed on the bottom plate pedestal by synchronous belt
It is dynamic, synchromesh gear is installed, the synchronous belt covers on the synchromesh gear on the stepper motor output shaft;
Bottom plate pedestal side is provided at least for detecting the optical detecting instrument of ball moving.
Further, two sliding blocks pass through four bolts respectively and are fixed on single row ball sliding block.
Further, being detected rolling element is spherical shape, and the size of the spherical diameter is the multiple of true ball, such as 5 to 10
Times.
Further, the single row ball sliding block is driven by stepper motor or servo motor and is back and forth moved on two tracks
It is dynamic, wherein stepper motor or servo motor can carry out that exact position walk and friction speed walks according to test request,
So that the spin, rolling and sliding situation of ball can be observed under different loading conditions.
Further, single row ball sliding block top is provided with the counterweight of preload, can according to need adjustment and matches
The weight of weight.
Further, single row ball sliding block is stated to be made of transparent material.
Further, the positioning guide rail raceway is four column rolling ball linear slide rails or is roller linear slide rail.
A kind of detection method of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device, comprising:
S1 guarantees the depth of parallelism for after experimental provision installation and debugging, checking double guide rails according to the structure of detection device
Single row ball sliding block can be moved back and forth smoothly along two-orbit, and stepper motor is arranged according to certain speed, sliding block is run
For a period of time, the abrasion running-in at initial stage is carried out;
The revolving speed of stepper motor is set to different speed by S2, is carried out the test of different conditions respectively, is tested respectively
Motion state of the ball on horizontal raceway under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed, fast state, inverted running;
Test ball is to consider the ball of fine motion friction or creep Frotteurism in the meaning of Ultra-Low Speed operating status
Spin motion size and Orientation, study the ball moving state under lower-speed state to the interface friction characteristics of rolling movement pair
There is basic meaning;
Test ball is to consider to roll under normal, general working condition in the meaning of general work speed operating status
The motion state of pearl is the basis of rolling movement pair abrasion, and the normal speed operation phase is to roll primarily forming for by-produced abrasion
Stage.And the variability of ball moving form and complexity have a very big impact the formation of abrasion, detect that ball is general
The size of slippage and rolling amount under operating rate;
Test the movement velocity meeting of ball ball under the conditions of the meaning of high-speed cruising state is workbench high-speed cruising
Bigger, the slippage of ball will increase, in order to which the clearer slippage for quantitatively calculating ball must specify the high speed fortune of ball
Dynamic state, when can be clearly seen that single row ball sliding block high-speed cruising by observation panel, the rolling and cunning of the ball being amplified
Condition of shifting one's love and ball spin direction;
When the unexpected inverted running of test slider, test slider is anti-suddenly to be to the meaning of the detection of ball moving state
To the variation of ball moving state when operation and the size of spinor;
S3, the ball tested under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed, fast state, inverted running respectively exist
Motion state in ball-returning device;Movement of the ball in ball-returning device is the main source of guideway noise, can use the side of S2
Method tests the ball under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed fast state, inverted running in ball-returning device respectively
Motion state;
S4 detects ball from static to the hysteresis of the ball under starting state by optical detecting instrument, ball
Startup hysteresis amount has basic role to the friction of research rolling movement pair, wearing character;
S5 detects ball in external applied load suddenly change, the change feelings of the motion state of ball by optical detecting instrument
Condition plays a significant role the detection of ball spinor to the friction of research rolling movement pair, wearing character.
Further, stepper motor is set according to the speed of 10mm/s in the S1.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effects of the invention:
Experimental rig of the present invention can bear larger preloading using double guideways linear motion frameworks, a guideway utilization
The roller guide pair of lotus and greater level rigidity, another guideway using special amplification certain multiple ball and accordingly
Guide rail raceway and ball-returning device raceway.The ball being amplified can more clearly observe its motion mode, while on certain balls
It is installed on light emitting source, also to accurately detect using optical instrument to light.Single row ball sliding block uses transparent material system
Make, and increase watch window in the upper surface of sliding block and lateral surface, movement inspection is carried out to rolling element convenient for observer and optical instrument
It surveys.Single row ball sliding block is driven by synchronous belt by stepping motor or servomotor and carries out linear reciprocating motion, and
The time of the speed of linear motion and starting, stopping can be configured and be changed by control panel.To investigate sliding block operation
Under unused speed, the motion state of ball.Single row ball sliding block top is provided with the counterweight of preload, matched weight block
It can be exchanged according to the model of experiment condition and tested ball, to simulate the workbench being located on sliding block under actual condition
Weight.
Apparatus of the present invention can be very good to solve the problems, such as that ball moving form complexity is but difficult to directly measure or observe, by
In ball by a certain proportion of amplification, corresponding conversion should be done when analyzing actual size ball.Pass through above-mentioned different operating conditions
Test can solve rolling element forms of motion and external applied load, pretightning force grade, the speed of service, lubricating condition, ball-returning device curve, rolling
The relationship of pearl material and process for surface coating may further solve rolling caused by the forms of motion of rolling element-sliding opposite grinding
The actuating quantity of damage, test method proposed by the present invention can with effective solution rolling condition to rolling guide-rail pairs performance influence rule
Rule is of great significance to research and development high-performance rolling guide.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described for explanation with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is main view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is ball state instrument detection figure;
Description of symbols: 1- counterweight;2- synchronous belt;3- the first belt guide wheel;4- guide wheel pedestal;Limit passes on the left of 5-
Sensor;6- tested guide rail raceway;7- single row ball sliding block;8- ball;9- luminous point;10- observation panel;11- bottom plate pedestal;12-
Right side limit sensors;13- the second belt guide wheel;14- synchromesh gear;15- stepper motor;16- sliding block;The rolling of 17- positioning guide rail
Road;18- roller;19- ball channel;20- guide rail raceway;21- optical detecting instrument;22- connector.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1 to 5: a kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device, the bottom plate base including steel
Seat 11, other devices are installed on bottom plate pedestal 11.Positioning guide rail raceway 17 and tested guide rail raceway 6 distinguish location and installation and exist
Two long side of bottom plate pedestal.There are two sliding blocks 16, positioning guide rail pair, and four column spherical guides can be used for set on positioning guide rail raceway 17
Secondary or four column roller guide pairs.The case where diagram 3 and diagram 4 are shown when being equipped with roller 18.Two sliding blocks 16 lead to respectively
Four bolts are crossed to be fixed on single row ball sliding block 7.Single row ball single row ball sliding block 7 is cased on tested guide rail raceway 6, entirely
Single row ball sliding block 7 is made of transparent synthetic quartz or high voltage transparent resin, there is a ring in the single row ball sliding block 7
The ball channel 19 of shape, in single row ball sliding block 7 when back and forth running on two raceways, ball 8 can be in ball channel 19
Shuttling movement, the ball 8 in ball channel 19 are the ball that practical guideway ball is amplified 5 to 10 times.One column ball packet
Containing the appropriate number that can be carried, a portion ball 8 is the ball with transmitting visible light, and a part of ball 8 does not have light source,
Or it is also possible to all with light source.Luminous point 9 on ball 8 with light emitting source only one.Under the ball channel 19
Portion is guide rail raceway, and the bending part of the ball channel 19 is ball-returning device, and the effect of ball-returning device is to maintain ball 8 in a certain rail
Starting point is turned again to when rolling a lead in road, is maintained at the rolling recycled in the same ring raceway.Guide rail raceway 20
The channel formed between tested guide rail raceway 6 is connected to 8 ball channel 19 of ball, and ball 8 is led in guide rail raceway 20 with tested
It is moved between rail raceway 6 and in ball channel 19.The motion state of its ball 8 can pass through transparent observation panel 10 (windowing)
It is seen or detects.Left side limit sensors 5 and right side limit sensors are respectively provided in the two sides of tested guide rail raceway 6
12, for controlling two extreme positions of entire single row ball sliding block 7.A guide wheel pedestal is respectively installed at both ends on bottom plate pedestal 11
4.Belt guide wheel 3 and belt guide wheel 13 are installed on guide wheel pedestal 4.Synchronous belt is cased on belt guide wheel 3 and belt guide wheel 13
2, it keeps on the upside of synchronous belt 2 horizontal.Synchronous belt 2 is connected by connector 22 with single row ball sliding block 7.Single row ball sliding block
7 drive reciprocating motion by the stepper motor 15 being installed on bottom plate pedestal 11 by synchronous belt 2.On 15 output shaft of stepper motor
Synchromesh gear 14 is installed.2 sets of synchronous belt on synchromesh gear 14.
11 side of bottom plate pedestal is provided with the optical detecting instrument 21 at least for detecting the movement of ball 8, and (instrument is this
Field routine part).
The specific detection method and process of apparatus of the present invention are as follows:
S1, it is according to the structure of claim 1 that the depth of parallelism for after experimental provision installation and debugging, checking double guide rails is final
Guarantee that single row ball sliding block 7 can be moved back and forth smoothly along two-orbit.It is set according to the speed of sliding block speed 10mm/s per second
Stepper motor is set, sliding block is run into a period of time, carries out the abrasion running-in at initial stage.
The revolving speed of stepper motor is set to different speed by S2, carries out the test of different conditions respectively.It tests respectively
Motion state of the ball on horizontal raceway under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed, fast state, inverted running.
Test ball is in the meaning of Ultra-Low Speed operating status, considers the ball of fine motion friction or creep Frotteurism
Spin motion size and Orientation.The ball moving state under lower-speed state is studied to the interface friction characteristics of rolling movement pair
There is basic meaning.
Test ball is in the meaning of general work speed operating status, considers under normal, general working condition
The motion state of ball is the basis of rolling movement pair abrasion, and the normal speed operation phase is the main shape for rolling by-produced abrasion
At the stage.And the variability of ball moving form and complexity have a very big impact the formation of abrasion.It fills through the invention
Set the size that can detecte slippage and rolling amount under ball general work speed.
It tests ball to be in the meaning of high-speed cruising state, the movement velocity meeting of ball under the conditions of workbench high-speed cruising
Bigger, the slippage of ball will increase, in order to which the clearer slippage for quantitatively calculating ball must specify the high speed fortune of ball
Dynamic state.When testing stand of the present invention can be clearly seen that sliding block high-speed cruising by observation panel, the rolling for the ball being amplified
With sliding situation and ball spin direction.
When the unexpected inverted running of test slider, test slider is anti-suddenly to be to the meaning of the detection of ball moving state
To the variation of ball moving state when operation and the size of spinor.
S3, the ball tested under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed, fast state, inverted running respectively exist
Motion state in ball-returning device.Movement of the ball in ball-returning device is the main source of guideway noise, can use second step
Method test the ball under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed fast state, inverted running respectively in ball-returning device
Interior motion state.
S4 detects ball from static to the hysteresis of the ball under starting state by optical detecting instrument, ball
Startup hysteresis amount has basic role to the friction of research rolling movement pair, wearing character.
S4 detects ball in external applied load suddenly change, the change of the motion state of ball by optical detecting instrument 21
Situation especially plays a significant role the detection of ball spinor to the friction of research rolling movement pair, wearing character above
The embodiment described is only that preferred embodiment of the invention is described, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and is not being taken off
Under the premise of design spirit of the present invention, various modifications that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical solution of the present invention and
It improves, should all fall into the protection scope that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device, it is characterised in that: including bottom plate pedestal, the bottom plate
Location and installation has positioning guide rail raceway and tested guide rail raceway to two long side of pedestal respectively, is cased with two on the positioning guide rail raceway
A sliding block is cased with single row ball sliding block on the tested guide rail raceway, and bolt is fixed on single row ball to two sliding blocks respectively
On sliding block, there is an annular ball channel in the single row ball sliding block, the single row ball sliding block is past on two raceways
When running again, ball shuttling movement, ball a part in ball channel can be with transmitting visible light in ball channel
Ball, a part of ball do not have light source, wherein the luminous point on the ball with light emitting source only has one, the ball channel
Lower part is guide rail raceway, and shape is matched with the tested guide rail raceway, and the ball is rolled in guide rail raceway and tested guide rail
It is moved between road and in ball channel, the motion state of the ball can be seen or be detected by transparent observation panel
It arrives;
Left side limit sensors and right side limit sensors are respectively provided in the two sides of tested guide rail raceway, for controlling entire cunning
Two extreme positions of block;A guide wheel pedestal is respectively installed at both ends on the bottom plate pedestal along its length, is led described
The first belt guide wheel and the second belt guide wheel are installed on wheel pedestal, are cased on the first belt guide wheel and the second belt guide wheel same
Belt is walked, keeps horizontal on the upside of the synchronous belt, the synchronous belt is connected by connector with the single row ball sliding block,
The single row ball sliding block is driven by the stepper motor being installed on the bottom plate pedestal by synchronous belt and is moved back and forth, described
Synchromesh gear is installed, the synchronous belt covers on the synchromesh gear on stepper motor output shaft;
Bottom plate pedestal side is provided at least for detecting the optical detecting instrument of ball moving.
2. linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two cunnings
Block passes through four bolts respectively and is fixed on single row ball sliding block.
3. linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be detected
Rolling element is spherical shape, and the size of the spherical diameter is the multiple of true ball.
4. linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the list
Column ball slider is driven by stepper motor or servo motor and is moved back and forth on two tracks, wherein stepper motor is watched
Taking motor can carry out that exact position walk and friction speed walks according to test request, so as under different loading conditions
The spin, rolling and sliding situation of ball can be observed.
5. linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed
Position guide rail raceway is four column rolling ball linear slide rails or is roller linear slide rail.
6. linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the list
Column ball slider top is provided with the counterweight of preload.
7. linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the list
Column ball slider is made of transparent material.
8. a kind of detection method of linear rolling guide rolling pair motion state detection device characterized by comprising
S1, it is according to the structure of detection device that the depth of parallelism guarantee for after experimental provision installation and debugging, checking double guide rails is single-row
Ball slider can be moved back and forth smoothly along two-orbit, and stepper motor is arranged according to certain speed, and sliding block is run one section
Time carries out the abrasion running-in at initial stage;
The revolving speed of stepper motor is set to different speed by S2, is carried out the test of different conditions respectively, is tested respectively ultralow
Motion state of the ball on horizontal raceway under speed, creep speed, general work speed, fast state, inverted running;
Test ball is oneself of the ball of consideration fine motion friction or creep Frotteurism in the meaning of Ultra-Low Speed operating status
The size and Orientation of movement is revolved, the ball moving state studied under lower-speed state there are the interface friction characteristics of rolling movement pair
Basic meaning;
Test ball ball in the case where the meaning of general work speed operating status is to consider normal, general working condition
Motion state is the basis of rolling movement pair abrasion, the normal speed operation phase be roll by-produced abrasion primarily form rank
Section, and the variability of ball moving form and complexity have a very big impact the formation of abrasion, detect the general work of ball
Make the size of the slippage and rolling amount under speed;
The movement velocity for testing ball ball under the conditions of the meaning of high-speed cruising state is workbench high-speed cruising can be bigger,
The slippage of ball will increase, in order to which the clearer slippage for quantitatively calculating ball must specify the high-speed motion shape of ball
State, when can be clearly seen that single row ball sliding block high-speed cruising by observation panel, the rolling and sliding feelings of the ball being amplified
Condition and ball spin direction;
When the unexpected inverted running of test slider, the meaning of the detection of ball moving state is, test slider is reversely transported suddenly
The variation of ball moving state when row and the size of spinor;
S3 tests the ball under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed, fast state, inverted running in Hui Zhu respectively
Motion state in device;Movement of the ball in ball-returning device is the main source of guideway noise, can use the method point of S2
It Ce Shi not be in movement of the ball under Ultra-Low Speed, creep speed, general work speed fast state, inverted running in ball-returning device
State;
S4 detects ball from static to the hysteresis of the ball under starting state, the starting of ball by optical detecting instrument
Hysteresis has basic role to the friction of research rolling movement pair, wearing character;
S5 detects ball in external applied load suddenly change by optical detecting instrument, the change situation of the motion state of ball,
Play a significant role to the detection of ball spinor to the friction of research rolling movement pair, wearing character.
9. detection method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: stepping is arranged according to the speed of 10mm/s in the S1
Motor.
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