CN110131727B - Automatic treatment system and treatment process for oily sludge - Google Patents

Automatic treatment system and treatment process for oily sludge Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110131727B
CN110131727B CN201910426458.6A CN201910426458A CN110131727B CN 110131727 B CN110131727 B CN 110131727B CN 201910426458 A CN201910426458 A CN 201910426458A CN 110131727 B CN110131727 B CN 110131727B
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China
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sludge
heating pipe
combustion
oil
oil sludge
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CN110131727A (en
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蒋文明
王天宇
刘杨
邓展飞
丁聚华
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/122Belt conveyor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/10Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic treatment system and a treatment process for oily sludge, and relates to the technical field of oily sludge treatment. The system comprises an oil sludge combustion system, an oil sludge conveying system, an oil sludge stirring system and an oil sludge feeding system, wherein the oil sludge combustion system comprises a combustion bin, a heating device and a temperature measuring device, the combustion bin comprises a bin body and a bin cover, the heating device comprises a plurality of heating pipes, each heating pipe consists of a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe, the first heating pipe is positioned outside the bin body, the first heating pipe is connected with an air inlet pipe, the second heating pipe is positioned in the bin body, and an opening is formed in the second heating pipe; the one end that the storehouse body was kept away from to first heating pipe is provided with the air heater, and the gas that the intake pipe sent in is heated through the air heater to by every trompil exhaust after first heating pipe, second heating pipe, be connected with the tail gas collecting pipe above the storehouse lid, be used for the exhaust gas that produces in the combustion process through the fatlute combustion system. The invention has the advantages of low cost, high environmental protection and good treatment effect.

Description

Automatic treatment system and treatment process for oily sludge
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, in particular to an automatic treatment system and a treatment process for oily sludge.
Background
A large amount of oily sludge is often generated in the processes of crude oil extraction, oilfield gathering and transportation and sewage treatment. The total amount of oily sludge produced by China per year reaches more than 500 ten thousand tons, and the yield of the oily sludge is continuously increased along with the deep exploitation of most oil fields. If the direct discharge occupies a large amount of land, toxic substances contained in the soil pollute water, soil and air, and the ecological environment is deteriorated; directly used for reinjection and when the sewage treatment system circulates, the quality of the injected water is reduced, the running condition of the sewage treatment system is deteriorated, and unpredictable loss is caused to production. Therefore, reasonable disposal of the oily sludge is necessary.
At present, the methods for treating the oily sludge at home and abroad generally comprise an incineration method, a biological treatment method, a heat washing method, a solvent extraction method, a chemical demulsification method, a solid-liquid separation method, a solidification landfill method, super-heated steam, pyrolysis and the like, and various technologies have advantages, disadvantages and adaptability, so that the problems of treatment or environmental pollution of part of the oily sludge can be solved. Wherein the incineration method generates harmful gases such as sulfur, nitrogen and the like, which cause secondary pollution; the biological treatment method needs to mix the oily sludge with the loosening agent, the fertilizer and the bacteria culture liquid, frequently vibrates and naturally ventilates, 97% of petroleum hydrocarbon can be biodegraded within 41 days, and the oil resources are not recycled; the hot washing method is suitable for oily sludge with low clay content and high oil content, but the drainage and residues need further treatment; the solvent extraction method has the problems of long flow, complex process and high treatment cost, and is only suitable for oily sludge containing a large amount of organic matters which are difficult to degrade; the chemical demulsification method needs to add demulsifier and heat the severely emulsified oil-containing sludge; the solid-liquid separation method has low oil recovery rate for the oil-containing sludge with high oil content and serious pollution; the solidification landfill method has simple process, low investment and large treatment capacity, but is difficult to coat petroleum, and has the risk of secondary pollution; the super-heated steam method is characterized in that the super-heated steam method fully contacts the oily sludge through a nozzle, oil-water and solid are separated, the separation efficiency is high, but the scale is small, the cost is high, and the equipment failure rate is high; the pyrolysis method is to decompose macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular hydrocarbon and coke under the conditions of no oxygen and high temperature, and has high requirements on process, equipment and safety, poor oil gas quality, large peculiar smell and dangerous waste residues.
Therefore, the prior art method cannot be popularized and applied in China due to investment, treatment effect, secondary pollution and the like. Therefore, research on a method for efficiently, economically and environmentally treating the oily sludge is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic treatment system and a treatment process for oily sludge, which have the advantages of low cost, high environmental protection and good treatment effect.
One of the tasks of the invention is to provide an automatic treatment system for oily sludge, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the automatic treatment system for the oily sludge comprises an oily sludge combustion system, an oily sludge conveying system, an oily sludge stirring system and an oily sludge feeding system, wherein the oily sludge feeding system sends the oily sludge into the oily sludge stirring system through the oily sludge conveying system;
the oil sludge stirring system is used for uniformly stirring the oil-containing sludge and sending the oil-containing sludge into the oil sludge combustion system through the oil sludge conveying system;
the oil sludge combustion system comprises a combustion bin, a heating device and a temperature measuring device, wherein the combustion bin comprises a bin body and a bin cover positioned above the bin body;
the heating device comprises a plurality of heating pipes, each heating pipe is composed of a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe, the first heating pipe is positioned outside the bin body and is connected with an air inlet pipe, the second heating pipe is positioned inside the bin body, and a plurality of openings are formed in the second heating pipe; one end of the first heating pipe, which is far away from the bin body, is provided with a hot air blower, and gas fed by the air inlet pipe is heated by the hot air blower and is discharged from each opening after passing through the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe;
the temperature measuring device comprises a thermocouple, and the thermocouple is positioned in the bin body and is used for recording the temperature change in the bin body;
the sludge treated by the sludge combustion system is conveyed outwards through the sludge conveying system, a tail gas collecting pipe is connected above the bin cover and used for discharging gas generated in the combustion process through the sludge combustion system.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, at least four heating pipes are arranged in the bin body in a ring shape.
As another preferable mode of the invention, each heating pipe is L-shaped, the first heating pipe is a transverse part of the L-shape, and the second heating pipe is a vertical part of the L-shape.
Further, the oil sludge conveying system comprises a first-stage conveying belt, a second-stage conveying belt and a third-stage conveying belt, wherein the first-stage conveying belt is positioned between the oil sludge feeding system and the oil sludge stirring system, the second-stage conveying belt is positioned between the oil sludge stirring system and the oil sludge combustion system, and the third-stage conveying belt is positioned in the oil sludge combustion system and is used for conveying the treated sludge outwards.
Further, the length of the first heating pipe is 15-20cm, and the first heating pipe is subjected to heat preservation treatment.
Another task of the present invention is to provide an automated treatment process for oily sludge, comprising the following steps:
a. the oily sludge is sent to the oil sludge feeding system through a conveying vehicle, and is sent to the oil sludge stirring system through the oil sludge conveying system;
b. stirring treatment is carried out in the oil sludge stirring system, so that organic matters in the oil sludge are distributed as uniformly as possible, then the oil sludge which is stirred uniformly is sent into a combustion bin through an oil sludge conveying system, a heater of an air heater is started, air entering through an air inlet pipe is heated to 450 ℃ through the air heater, then enters into a second heating pipe through a first heating pipe, and enters into a bin body through an opening on the second heating pipe, so that heating treatment of the oil sludge is realized;
c. the temperature change in the bin body is recorded through the thermocouple, after the temperature of the oily sludge reaches the ignition temperature of 400 ℃, the heater of the air heater is closed, and the self-sustaining low-temperature combustion of the oily sludge can be realized only by pumping cold air into the bin body without additional energy input;
d. the sludge treated by the sludge combustion system is externally conveyed by the sludge conveying system, and the gas generated in the combustion process is conveyed to the waste gas treatment device by the tail gas collecting pipe for further purification treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention can realize the centralized treatment and the automatic treatment of the oily sludge in a large batch, and can realize the pipelined low-temperature combustion treatment of the oily sludge by controlling the treatment capacity of the oily sludge only at the position of the oily sludge inlet by means of the oily sludge feeding system, the oily sludge stirring system and the oily sludge conveying system. And the second heating pipe is provided with holes, so that hot air can be uniformly and fully dispersed on the surface of the sludge to be treated, and the treatment efficiency of low-temperature combustion is improved.
Compared with other oily sludge treatment modes, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the oily sludge is treated by a low-temperature combustion method, open fire is not generated in the low-temperature combustion treatment process, the smoldering temperature is low, and the safety is relatively high. The invention has the advantages of low cost, high environmental protection and better treatment effect.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a sludge combustion system in an automated treatment system for oily sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sludge stirring system and the sludge conveying system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the structure and state of the sludge feeding system according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a tail gas collecting pipe, 2, a combustion bin, 3, a thermocouple, 4, a flange, 5, a three-stage conveying belt, 6, a pipe distribution bin, 7, a hot air blower, 8, an air inlet pipe, 9, a heating pipe, 10, a two-stage conveying belt, 11, a stirrer, 12 and a one-stage conveying belt.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an automatic treatment system and a treatment process for oily sludge, and in order to make the advantages and the technical scheme of the invention clearer and more definite, the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a material to be treated, namely oil sludge for short, which is from the processes of crude oil exploitation, oil field gathering and transportation and sewage treatment and mainly comprises crude oil, ash and water.
Example 1:
an automatic treatment system for oily sludge comprises an oily sludge combustion system, an oily sludge conveying system, an oily sludge stirring system and an oily sludge feeding system, wherein the oily sludge feeding system sends the oily sludge into the oily sludge stirring system through the oily sludge conveying system; as shown in fig. 3, the sludge truck is used for conveying the oily sludge into the sludge feeding system, a first-stage conveyor belt 12 is arranged between the sludge feeding system and the sludge stirring system, the oily sludge is conveyed into the sludge stirring system through the first-stage conveyor belt 12, a stirrer 11 is arranged in the sludge stirring system, and the stirrer 11 is used for stirring the oily sludge in the oily sludge, so that organic matters in the oily sludge are distributed as uniformly as possible.
A secondary conveyor belt 10 is arranged between the sludge stirring system and the sludge combustion system, and the stirred sludge is conveyed to the combustion bin 2 by the secondary conveyor belt 10 for low-temperature combustion treatment. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the combustion chamber 2 of the present invention includes a chamber body and a chamber cover, the chamber body is preferably cylindrical, the chamber cover is in a conical structure, the sludge to be treated is located in the chamber body, the equipment associated with the chamber body further includes a heating device and a temperature measuring device, the heating device includes a plurality of heating pipes 9, the preferred heating pipes in this embodiment are 4, each heating pipe is composed of a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe, the first heating pipe is a horizontal section, the second heating pipe is mutually perpendicular to the first heating pipe, the first heating pipe is located outside the chamber body, the length of the first heating pipe is very short, the end portion of the first heating pipe is connected with a hot air blower, the gas entering the first heating pipe is heated by a switch on the hot air blower 7, the first heating pipe is connected with an air inlet pipe 8, the air inlet pipe is located in the chamber 6 and connected to the first heating pipe by a flange 4, and the first heating pipe is required to be subjected to heat preservation treatment so as to avoid scalding operators in the working process. The second heating pipe is positioned in the bin body, and a plurality of openings are formed in the second heating pipe; the second heating pipe with the holes can uniformly and fully disperse hot air on the surface of the sludge to be treated, so that the treatment efficiency of low-temperature combustion is improved, and gas fed by the air inlet pipe is heated by the air heater and is discharged from each hole after passing through the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe, so that the sludge in the bin body can be heated;
the temperature measuring device comprises thermocouples 3 which are arranged in the bin body and are arranged at positions close to the second heating pipes, and in order to realize accurate monitoring of the temperature, the number of the thermocouples is preferably equal to that of the second heating pipes, so that the temperature change in the bin body can be recorded more accurately.
The sludge treated by the oil sludge combustion system is externally conveyed by a three-stage conveying belt 5, a tail gas collecting pipe 1 is connected above the bin cover, and the tail gas collecting pipe discharges the gas generated in the combustion process of the oil sludge combustion system and collects the gas to enter the next purification process.
The automatic treatment process of the oily sludge comprises the following specific steps:
the first step, the oily sludge is pulled to a first-stage conveyor belt 12 by a sludge truck and conveyed to an oily sludge stirring bin, and is stirred by a stirrer 11, so that organic matters in the oily sludge are uniformly distributed as much as possible, and the stirred oily sludge is conveyed to a combustion bin 2 by a second-stage conveyor belt 10 for low-temperature combustion treatment;
and secondly, heating air to 450 ℃ by a hot air blower 7, and then pumping the air to a heating pipe 9 to realize the heating treatment of the oily sludge. The treated sludge is transported out through the three-stage conveyor belt 5. The thermocouple 3 records the temperature change in the low temperature combustor 2 throughout the process. After the ignition temperature of the oily sludge reaches 400 ℃, the heater of the air heater 7 is closed, and only cold air is pumped into the combustion bin 2, so that self-sustaining low-temperature combustion of the oily sludge can be realized without additional energy input; the gas generated in the low-temperature combustion process is collected by a tail gas collecting pipe 1 and is conveyed to an exhaust gas treatment device for further purification treatment.
Example 2:
the difference from example 1 is that: the automatic treatment system for the oily sludge can also comprise an automatic control system for realizing centralized treatment and automatic treatment of the oily sludge, wherein the automatic control system controls an oily sludge combustion system and an oily sludge feeding system by means of a computer, and can realize the pipelined low-temperature combustion treatment of the oily sludge after certain parameters are set.
The invention has the advantages that the invention can realize the centralized treatment and automatic treatment of the oily sludge in a large batch, and can realize the pipelined low-temperature combustion treatment of the oily sludge by controlling the treatment capacity of the oily sludge at the inlet of the oily sludge by means of the oily sludge feeding system, the oily sludge stirring system and the like. The heating pipe is provided with holes, so that hot air can be uniformly and fully dispersed on the surface of the sludge to be treated, and the treatment efficiency of low-temperature combustion is improved. Compared with other oily sludge treatment modes, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, high environmental friendliness and better treatment effect by treating the oily sludge by using a low-temperature combustion method.
The parts not described in the invention can be realized by referring to the prior art.
It is noted that any equivalent or obvious modification made by those skilled in the art under the teachings of this specification shall fall within the scope of this invention.

Claims (2)

1. An oily sludge automatic treatment process, which uses an oily sludge automatic treatment system, wherein the system comprises an oily sludge combustion system, an oily sludge conveying system, an oily sludge stirring system and an oily sludge feeding system, and is characterized in that:
the oil sludge feeding system sends oil-containing sludge into the oil sludge stirring system through the oil sludge conveying system;
the oil sludge stirring system is used for uniformly stirring the oil-containing sludge and sending the oil-containing sludge into the oil sludge combustion system through the oil sludge conveying system;
the oil sludge combustion system comprises a combustion bin, a heating device and a temperature measuring device, wherein the combustion bin comprises a bin body and a bin cover positioned above the bin body;
the heating device comprises at least four heating pipes which are annularly arranged in the bin body; each heating pipe consists of a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe, wherein the first heating pipe is positioned outside the bin body, the first heating pipe is connected with an air inlet pipe, the second heating pipe is positioned inside the bin body, and a plurality of openings are formed in the second heating pipe; one end of the first heating pipe, which is far away from the bin body, is provided with a hot air blower, and gas fed by the air inlet pipe is heated by the hot air blower and is discharged from each opening after passing through the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe;
each heating pipe is L-shaped, the first heating pipe is an L-shaped transverse part, and the second heating pipe is an L-shaped vertical part;
the temperature measuring device comprises a thermocouple, and the thermocouple is positioned in the bin body and is used for recording the temperature change in the bin body;
the system comprises an oil sludge conveying system, a sludge stirring system, a sludge combustion system and a sludge combustion system, wherein the oil sludge conveying system comprises a primary conveying belt, a secondary conveying belt and a tertiary conveying belt, the primary conveying belt is positioned between the oil sludge feeding system and the oil sludge stirring system, the secondary conveying belt is positioned between the oil sludge stirring system and the oil sludge combustion system, and the tertiary conveying belt is positioned in the oil sludge combustion system and is used for conveying sludge treated by the oil sludge combustion system;
the sludge treated by the sludge combustion system is conveyed outwards through the sludge conveying system, a tail gas collecting pipe is connected above the bin cover, and the tail gas collecting pipe is used for discharging gas generated in the combustion process of the sludge combustion system;
the treatment process comprises the following steps:
a. the oily sludge is sent to the oil sludge feeding system through a conveying vehicle, and is sent to the oil sludge stirring system through the oil sludge conveying system;
b. stirring treatment is carried out in the oil sludge stirring system, so that organic matters in the oil sludge are distributed as uniformly as possible, then the oil sludge which is stirred uniformly is sent into a combustion bin through an oil sludge conveying system, a heater of an air heater is started, air entering through an air inlet pipe is heated to 450 ℃ through the air heater, then enters into a second heating pipe through a first heating pipe, and enters into a bin body through an opening on the second heating pipe, so that heating treatment of the oil sludge is realized;
c. the temperature change in the bin body is recorded through the thermocouple, after the temperature of the oily sludge reaches the ignition temperature of 400 ℃, the heater of the air heater is closed, and the self-sustaining low-temperature combustion of the oily sludge can be realized only by pumping cold air into the bin body without additional energy input;
d. the sludge treated by the sludge combustion system is externally conveyed by the sludge conveying system, and the gas generated in the combustion process is conveyed to the waste gas treatment device by the tail gas collecting pipe for further purification treatment.
2. An automated treatment process for oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the first heating pipe is 15-20cm, and the first heating pipe is subjected to heat preservation treatment.
CN201910426458.6A 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Automatic treatment system and treatment process for oily sludge Active CN110131727B (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4441922A (en) * 1982-04-21 1984-04-10 Kramer Industries, Inc. Treatment method for metal bearing oily waste
RU2007114843A (en) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-27 Владимир Юрьевич Аверьянов (RU) METHOD OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSING OF Sludge
JP2008272720A (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-11-13 Kenzo Takahashi Polluted soil treatment system using waste heat
CN201531873U (en) * 2009-10-27 2010-07-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalytic combustion reactor
CN108105790A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-01 陕西中轻环境科技有限公司 Oily sludge glows processing unit
CN108236355A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-07-03 张亚玲 A kind of high-efficiency and energy-saving type electric steaming cooking-vessel
CN207661797U (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-07-27 陕西中轻环境科技有限公司 Oily sludge normal pressure glows processing system
CN108439766A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-24 中国石油大学(北京) Handle the method and microwave processing equipment of oily sludge
CN108977218A (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-11 李东莱 A kind of greasy filth/scrap rubber innocuity disposal system and its continuous separation device
CN210107417U (en) * 2019-05-22 2020-02-21 中国石油大学(华东) Automatic processing system of oily sludge

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4441922A (en) * 1982-04-21 1984-04-10 Kramer Industries, Inc. Treatment method for metal bearing oily waste
JP2008272720A (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-11-13 Kenzo Takahashi Polluted soil treatment system using waste heat
RU2007114843A (en) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-27 Владимир Юрьевич Аверьянов (RU) METHOD OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSING OF Sludge
CN201531873U (en) * 2009-10-27 2010-07-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalytic combustion reactor
CN108105790A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-01 陕西中轻环境科技有限公司 Oily sludge glows processing unit
CN207661797U (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-07-27 陕西中轻环境科技有限公司 Oily sludge normal pressure glows processing system
CN108236355A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-07-03 张亚玲 A kind of high-efficiency and energy-saving type electric steaming cooking-vessel
CN108439766A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-24 中国石油大学(北京) Handle the method and microwave processing equipment of oily sludge
CN108977218A (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-11 李东莱 A kind of greasy filth/scrap rubber innocuity disposal system and its continuous separation device
CN210107417U (en) * 2019-05-22 2020-02-21 中国石油大学(华东) Automatic processing system of oily sludge

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