CN110129650A - A kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsids to enhance steel-based composite material, and composite material is made of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid reinforced phase and steel substrate material, and metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid is using high-toughness metal M as core, with carbide M corresponding with metal MxCyFor shell, carbide MxCyCarbide volume fraction and appearance and size in shell change in gradient.The invention also discloses a kind of preparation methods of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material, using nucleocapsid interior tough and outer hard in the metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material of this method preparation, possess good interface cohesion between carbide shell and metal core, has wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgical technologies, and in particular to a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based is compound
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the high speed development of modern industry, there is an urgent need to what is worked under the complicated service condition such as high temperature, high speed, wear-resisting
Tool and mould and structural member, such as fast mill roll ring, the roll of directive wheel, hot-work die etc., and traditional single steel material
Material is difficult to meet the needs of service condition.
Carbide enhance steel-based composite material due to have simultaneously the superior toughness of metal material, cold and hot working, can
High-strength high hard, the performances such as wear-resisting of weldering property and carbide, and be widely used in metallurgy, coal mine, petrochemical industry, aviation boat
The industries such as it.The body of reinforced phase in change composite material is mainly passed through for the raising of steel-based composite material wearability and intensity
Fraction.However, toughness/plasticity of composite material reduces with the raising of enhancing phase volume fraction, it is inverted and closes there are obdurability
System.For example, Jianhong Peng et al., was delivered on " Journal of Alloys and Compounds " in 2017
Paper " Improving the mechanical properties of tantalum carbide particle-
Reinforced iron-based composite by varying the TaC contents " using high energy ball mill and
Subsequent hot-pressing sintering technique is prepared for TaC particle reinforced iron matrix composites, and TaC content is 20-60wt%.As TaC contains
Amount from 20% increase to 60% when, the first significant raising of the yield strength and maximum compressive strength of composite material contains then as TaC
The increase of amount and reduce, especially when TaC content is 60%, the strain reduction sharply of TaC/Fe composite material.Furthermore.
Fangxia Ye et al., in 2014 on " Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance "
Paper " the Volume Fraction Effect of V delivered8C7 Particulates on Impact Toughness and
Wear Performance of V8C7/ Fe Monolithic Composites " using infiltration casting and subsequent heat treatment skill
Art is prepared for V8C7Particle reinforced iron matrix composites.Studies have shown that with V8C7Grain volume fraction increases to 33% from 8%,
The wearability of composite material significantly improves, however its toughness is reduced to 4.7J/cm2 from 8.06J/cm2.
Due to this inversion relationship between carbide/steel-based composite material strength and toughness, so limiting it more
To be widely applied.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsids to enhance steel-based composite material, has preferable
Wearability and impact flexibility.
It is a further object to provide a kind of preparation sides of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material
Method.
The first technical solution that the present invention uses is a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material, compound
Material is made of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid reinforced phase and steel substrate material, and metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid is with high-toughness metal M
Core, with carbide M corresponding with metal MxCyFor shell, carbide MxCyCarbide volume fraction and appearance and size in shell are in
Change of gradient.
Technical characteristic of the invention also resides in,
Wherein, composite material is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 2.45%~16.2% graphite powder, 10%~
30% iron powder and 67.5%~82% high-toughness metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%.
Composite material is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 70%~80% carbon steel powder and 20%~30% high tenacity
Metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；In carbon steel powder the mass percent of carbon be 0.65%~
1.8%, remaining is iron.
High-toughness metal powder is one or more of tantalum powder, niobium powder, titanium valve, zirconium powder, vanadium powder.
The second technical solution that the present invention uses is a kind of system of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material
Preparation Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, the selection and preparation of material system
The first system: following components is weighed respectively by mass percentage: 2.45%~16.2% graphite powder, 10%~
30% iron powder and 67.5%~82% high-toughness metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；
Second of system: composed of the following components by mass percentage: 70%~80% carbon steel powder and 20%~30% high
Ductile metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；The mass percent of carbon in carbon steel powder are as follows: 0.65%
~1.8%C, remaining is iron；
Step 2, mixing
The weighed each component of step 1 is mixed by material system using V-type batch mixer, after mixing up to mixing
Powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take common molding or isostatic cool pressing by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact, specific mo(u)lding pressure
For 1.0~1.5t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered to get sample after sintering；Final sintering temperature control
System uses the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas at 1000 DEG C~1150 DEG C in sintering process；
Step 5,450 DEG C~600 DEG C of annealing is carried out to sample after the sintering of step 4 to get the increasing of metal/carbon compound
Strong steel-based composite material.
In step 1, high-toughness metal powder is tantalum powder, niobium powder, titanium valve, zirconium powder, one or more in vanadium powder.
In step 2, when using V-type batch mixer mixing, V-type batch mixer revolving speed be 60~90r/min, mixing time be 6~
24h。
Before green compact is preforming, the paraffin of 2~4wt% is added in mixed-powder as binder；Before hot pressed sintering, elder generation is needed
Pre-burning dewaxing is carried out to green compact, dewaxing temperature is 500 DEG C~600 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 0.8h-1.2h.
During hot pressed sintering, green compact keeps the temperature 0.3h~6h, green compact list at 1000 DEG C~1150 DEG C of final sintering temperature
Plane overstocks power and is maintained at 10MPa~15MPa.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are,
(1) the metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid in metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material is with high-toughness metal
Core, using corresponding carbide as shell, interior tough and outer hard, outer hard carbon compound shell can protect interior tough metal core, while interior tough metal
Core can also support outer hard carbon compound shell；
(2) carbide shell is not merely fine and close carbide, in size and is distributed upper distribution gradient；
(3) nearly eutectic temperature hot pressed sintering is used, carbon atom is diffused into ductile metal surface generation reaction in-situ under high temperature,
And prolong in its surface in situ and to form carbide shell, to form metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid, carbide shell and metal core it
Between possess good interface cohesion；
(4) present invention use nearly eutectic temperature hot-pressing sintering technique, can control accurate carbide shell thickness, Er Qie
Lower temperature can prepare fine grained texture, and preparation cost furthermore can be significantly reduced, economize on resources.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is x-ray diffraction (XRD) the analysis knot of Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Fruit figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Ta/TaC nucleocapsid in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of V/VC nucleocapsid in the embodiment of the present invention 5.
In figure, 1. cores, 2. shells, 3. matrixes.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid of the present invention enhances steel-based composite material, and composite material is by metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid
Reinforced phase and steel substrate material composition, metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid is using high-toughness metal M as core, with corresponding with the metal M
Carbide MxCyFor shell, carbide MxCyCarbide volume fraction and appearance and size in shell change in gradient.
The composite material includes two kinds of material systems, the first is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 2.45%
~16.2% graphite powder, 10%~30% iron powder and 67.5%~82% high-toughness metal powder, the weight percent of the above components
It is 100% than summation.Second is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 70%~80% carbon steel powder and 20%~30%
High-toughness metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；The mass percent of carbon in carbon steel powder are as follows:
0.65%~1.8%C, remaining is iron；The above high-toughness metal powder is tantalum powder, niobium powder, titanium valve, zirconium powder, a kind of or more in vanadium powder
Kind.
A kind of preparation method of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material of the present invention, specifically includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, the selection and preparation of material system
The first system: following components is weighed respectively by mass percentage: 2.45%~16.2% graphite powder, 10%~
30% iron powder and 67.5%~82% high-toughness metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；
Second of system: composed of the following components by mass percentage: 70%~80% carbon steel powder and 20%~30% high
Ductile metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；The mass percent of carbon in carbon steel powder are as follows: 0.65%
~1.8%C, remaining is iron；
High-toughness metal powder is tantalum powder, niobium powder, titanium valve, zirconium powder, one or more in vanadium powder；
The phase between the diameter R of metal core and carbide shell thickness d is controlled by adjusting the content of graphite in raw material
To scale K, K=R/d.
Step 2, mixing
The weighed each component of step 1 is mixed by material system using V-type batch mixer, V-type batch mixer revolving speed is 60
~90r/min, mixing time is 6~for 24 hours, after mixing up to mixed-powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take common molding or isostatic cool pressing by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact；Before compression moulding,
The paraffin that 2~4wt% is added in mixed-powder is used as binder, when compression moulding, determines compacting according to green compact compression area
Pressure, specific mo(u)lding pressure are 1.0~1.5t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, needs first to carry out green compact before hot pressed sintering pre-
Dewaxing is burnt, dewaxing temperature is 500 DEG C~600 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 0.8h~1.2h；The final sintering temperature of hot pressed sintering is
1000 DEG C~1150 DEG C, soaking time is 0.3h-6h to get sample after sintering at such a temperature；Purity is used in sintering process
>=99.9% argon gas is maintained at 10~15MPa as protective gas, blank pressing unit area pressure.
It realizes that carbon atom is diffused into ductile metal surface at high temperature using nearly eutectic temperature hot-pressing sintering technique and original occurs
Position reaction, and prolong to form carbide shell M in its surface in situxCy, to form M/MxCyThe steel-based of core-shell structure enhancing
Composite material.
Step 5,450 DEG C~600 DEG C of stress relief annealing process is carried out to sample after the sintering of step 4, annealing time is
2h~6h enhances steel-based composite material to get metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid.Regulate and control by adjusting heat treatment temperature T and time t
The microstructure of carbide shell, thus further to regulate and control the intensity of composite material and toughness.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, weigh following components respectively by mass percentage: 2.45% graphite powder and 30% iron powder, remaining is tantalum powder,
The granularity of tantalum powder is 2000 mesh (i.e. partial size is about 6.5 μm), and the weight percent summation of the above components is 100%；
Step 2, mixing is mixed the weighed each component of step 1 using V-type batch mixer, and V-type batch mixer revolving speed is
60r/min, mixing time 6h, after mixing up to mixed-powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take common molding by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact；Before compression moulding, in mixed-powder
Middle add accounts for the paraffin of mixed-powder weight 2wt% as binder, when compression moulding, determines compacting according to green compact compression area
Pressure, specific mo(u)lding pressure 1.0t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, needs first to carry out green compact before hot pressed sintering pre-
Dewaxing is burnt, dewaxing temperature is 550 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 1h；The final sintering temperature of hot pressed sintering is 1000 DEG C, at such a temperature
Soaking time is 4h to get sample after sintering；Use the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas, green compact in sintering process
Compressive load per unit area is maintained at 15MPa；
Step 5, sample after the sintering of step 4 is placed in the tube furnace for be connected with argon gas and carries out 450 DEG C of stress relief annealing
Processing, annealing time are 4h to get Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material.
The Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material of preparation is observed, as a result as follows:
(1) microstructure
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, embodiment 1 prepare Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material using iron as matrix 3,
Using Ta/TaC nucleocapsid as reinforced phase, tantalum carbide volume of the Ta/TaC nucleocapsid using metal tantalum as core 1, using TaC as shell 2, in TaC shell
Score is gradually increased with freestone distance, and appearance and size also changes in gradient therewith.
By measurement, the average diameter of composite inner Ta/TaC core-shell structure is about 6.5 μm, and TaC shell is put down
Equal thickness is about 1.5 μm, and the average diameter of metal tantalum core is about 3.5 μm, therefore between the diameter of tantalum core and tantalum carbide shell thickness
Relative scalar K=2.34.
(2) mechanical property
Ta/TaC nucleocapsid enhances in iron base composite material, and the hardness of TaC shell is up to 28.3GPa, Ta/TaC core-shell structure
The wear test of enhancing iron base composite material shows that its wear rate is only 4.5 × 10-15m3/ N, impact flexibility 89.3J/cm2。
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of Ti/TiC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, weigh following components respectively by mass percentage: 5.5% graphite powder and 10% iron powder, remaining is titanium valve,
The granularity of titanium valve is 500 mesh (i.e. partial size is about 10 μm), and the weight percent summation of the above components is 100%；
Step 2, mixing is mixed the weighed each component of step 1 using V-type batch mixer, and V-type batch mixer revolving speed is
65r/min, mixing time 8h, after mixing up to mixed-powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take isostatic cool pressing by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact；Before compression moulding, in mixed-powder
Middle add accounts for the paraffin of mixed-powder weight 2wt% as binder, when compression moulding, determines compacting according to green compact compression area
Pressure, specific mo(u)lding pressure 1.0t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, needs first to carry out green compact before hot pressed sintering pre-
Dewaxing is burnt, dewaxing temperature is 550 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 1h；The final sintering temperature of hot pressed sintering is 1050 DEG C, at such a temperature
Soaking time is 3h to get sample after sintering；Use the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas, green compact in sintering process
Compressive load per unit area is maintained at 15MPa；
Step 5, sample after the sintering of step 4 is placed in the tube furnace for be connected with argon gas and carries out 600 DEG C of stress relief annealing
Processing, annealing time are 4h to get Ti/TiC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material.
The Ti/TiC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material of preparation is observed, as a result as follows:
(1) microstructure
Ti/TiC nucleocapsid enhances in iron base composite material, and Ti/TiC nucleocapsid is using Titanium as core, using TiC as shell, TiC shell
Interior titanium carbide volume fraction is gradually increased with freestone distance, and titanium carbide appearance and size also changes in gradient therewith.
By measurement, the average diameter of composite inner Ti/TiC core-shell structure is about 25 μm, and TiC shell is averaged
Thickness is about 4.5 μm, and the average diameter of Titanium core is about 16 μm, therefore the phase between the diameter of titanium core and titanium carbide shell thickness
To scale K=3.56.
(2) mechanical property
Ti/TiC nucleocapsid enhances in iron base composite material, and the hardness of TiC shell is up to 31.5GPa, Ti/TiC core-shell structure
The wear test of enhancing iron base composite material shows that its wear rate is only 4.3 × 10-15m3/ N, impact flexibility 106.3J/cm2。
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of Nb/NbC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, weigh following components respectively by mass percentage: 8.1% graphite powder and 10% iron powder, remaining is niobium powder,
The granularity of niobium powder is 1000 mesh (i.e. partial size is about 13 μm), and the weight percent summation of the above components is 100%；
Step 2, mixing is mixed the weighed each component of step 1 using V-type batch mixer, and V-type batch mixer revolving speed is
90r/min, mixing time are for 24 hours, after mixing up to mixed-powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take isostatic cool pressing by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact；Before compression moulding, in mixed-powder
Middle add accounts for the paraffin of mixed-powder weight 3wt% as binder, when compression moulding, determines compacting according to green compact compression area
Pressure, specific mo(u)lding pressure 1.2t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, needs first to carry out green compact before hot pressed sintering pre-
Dewaxing is burnt, dewaxing temperature is 600 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 1.2h；The final sintering temperature of hot pressed sintering is 1125 DEG C, in the temperature
Lower soaking time is 2h to get sample after sintering；Use the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas, pressure in sintering process
Base compressive load per unit area is maintained at 15MPa；
Step 5, sample after the sintering of step 4 is placed in the tube furnace for be connected with argon gas and carries out 450 DEG C of stress relief annealing
Processing, annealing time are 6h to get Nb/NbC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material.
The Nb/NbC nucleocapsid enhancing iron base composite material of preparation is observed, as a result as follows:
(1) microstructure
Nb/NbC nucleocapsid enhances in iron base composite material, and Nb/NbC nucleocapsid is using metal niobium as core, using NbC as shell, NbC shell
Interior niobium carbide volume fraction is gradually increased with freestone distance, and appearance and size also changes in gradient therewith.
By measurement, the average diameter of composite inner Nb/NbC core-shell structure is about 13 μm, and NbC shell is averaged
Thickness is about 2.5 μm, and the average diameter of metal niobium core is about 8 μm, therefore the phase between the diameter of niobium core and niobium carbide shell thickness
To scale K=3.2.
(2) mechanical property
Nb/NbC nucleocapsid enhances in iron base composite material, and the hardness of NbC shell is up to 26.5GPa, Nb/NbC core-shell structure
The impact flexibility for enhancing iron base composite material is 100.6J/cm2。
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of Zr/ZrC nucleocapsid enhancing base steel composite material, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, weigh following components respectively by mass percentage: 80% carbon steel powder and 20% zirconium powder, the granularity of zirconium powder are
3000 mesh (i.e. partial size is about 5 μm), the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；
Step 2, mixing is mixed the weighed each component of step 1 using V-type batch mixer, and V-type batch mixer revolving speed is
60r/min, mixing time 8h, after mixing up to mixed-powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take common molding by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact；Before compression moulding, in mixed-powder
Middle add accounts for the paraffin of mixed-powder weight 4wt% as binder, when compression moulding, determines compacting according to green compact compression area
Pressure, specific mo(u)lding pressure 1.5t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, needs first to carry out green compact before hot pressed sintering pre-
Dewaxing is burnt, dewaxing temperature is 500 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 0.8h；The final sintering temperature of hot pressed sintering is 1150 DEG C, in the temperature
Lower soaking time is 1h to get sample after sintering；Use the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas, pressure in sintering process
Base compressive load per unit area is maintained at 10MPa；
Step 5, sample after the sintering of step 4 is placed in the tube furnace for be connected with argon gas and carries out 500 DEG C of stress relief annealing
Processing, annealing time are 5h to get Zr/ZrC nucleocapsid enhancing base steel composite material.
The Zr/ZrC nucleocapsid enhancing base steel composite material of preparation is observed, as a result as follows:
(1) microstructure
Zr/ZrC nucleocapsid enhances in base steel composite material, and Zr/ZrC nucleocapsid is using metal zirconium as core, using ZrC as shell, ZrC shell
Interior zirconium carbide volume fraction is gradually reduced with freestone distance, and appearance and size also changes in gradient therewith.
By measurement, the average diameter of composite inner Zr/ZrC core-shell structure is about 2.85 μm, and ZrC shell is put down
Equal thickness is about 0.35 μm, and the average diameter of metal zirconium core is about 2.15 μm, thus the diameter of zirconium core and zirconium carbide shell thickness it
Between relative scalar K=6.14.
(2) mechanical property
Zr/ZrC nucleocapsid enhances in base steel composite material, and the hardness of ZrC shell is up to 29.6GPa, Zr/ZrC core-shell structure
The impact flexibility for enhancing base steel composite material is 112.7J/cm2。
Embodiment 5
A kind of V/VxCyNucleocapsid enhances the preparation method of base steel composite material, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, weigh following components respectively by mass percentage: 70% carbon steel powder and 30% vanadium powder, the granularity of vanadium powder is about
For 1800 mesh, the weight percent summation of the above components is 100%；
Step 2, mixing is mixed the weighed each component of step 1 using V-type batch mixer, and V-type batch mixer revolving speed is
80r/min, mixing time 12h, after mixing up to mixed-powder；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take isostatic cool pressing by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact；Before compression moulding, in mixed-powder
Middle add accounts for the paraffin of mixed-powder weight 3wt% as binder, when compression moulding, determines compacting according to green compact compression area
Pressure, specific mo(u)lding pressure 1.2t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, needs first to carry out green compact before hot pressed sintering pre-
Dewaxing is burnt, dewaxing temperature is 600 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 1.2h；The final sintering temperature of hot pressed sintering is 1125 DEG C, in the temperature
Lower soaking time is 2h to get sample after sintering；Use the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas, pressure in sintering process
Base compressive load per unit area is maintained at 15MPa；
Step 5, sample after the sintering of step 4 is placed in the tube furnace for be connected with argon gas and carries out 450 DEG C of stress relief annealing
Processing, annealing time are 6h to get V/VxCyNucleocapsid enhances base steel composite material.
To the V/V of preparationxCyNucleocapsid enhancing base steel composite material is observed, as a result as follows:
(1) microstructure
Referring to Fig. 4, V/VxCyNucleocapsid enhances in iron base composite material, V/VxCyNucleocapsid is using vanadium metal as core 1, with VxCyFor shell
2, VxCyVanadium carbide volume fraction in shell is gradually reduced with freestone distance, and appearance and size also changes in gradient therewith.In V/
VxThe mainly V that the interface C is formed2C is subsequently converted into V8C7。
By measurement, composite inner V/VxCyThe average diameter of core-shell structure is about 3 μm, VxCyShell is averaged
Thickness is about 0.28 μm, and the average diameter of vanadium metal core is about 2.44 μm, therefore between the diameter of vanadium core and vanadium carbide shell thickness
Relative scalar K=8.71.
(2) mechanical property
V/VxCyNucleocapsid enhances in base steel composite material, VxCyThe hardness of shell is up to 30.4GPa, V/VxCyCore-shell structure increases
The impact flexibility of strong base steel composite material is 108.6J/cm2。
The component requirements table wt% of 1 Examples 1 to 5 raw material of table
Claims (9)
1. a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that the composite material is by metal/carbon
Compound nucleocapsid reinforced phase and steel substrate material composition, the metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid using high-toughness metal M as core, with institute
State the corresponding carbide M of metal MxCyFor shell, carbide MxCyCarbide volume fraction and appearance and size in shell become in gradient
Change.
2. a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid according to claim 1 enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that institute
It is composed of the following components by mass percentage to state composite material: 2.45%~16.2% graphite powder, 10%~30% iron powder and
67.5%~82% high-toughness metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%.
3. a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid according to claim 1 enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that institute
It is composed of the following components by mass percentage to state composite material: 70%~80% carbon steel powder and 20%~30% high-toughness metal
Powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；In the carbon steel powder mass percent of carbon be 0.65%~
1.8%, remaining is iron.
4. a kind of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid according to claim 2 or 3 enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that
The high-toughness metal powder is tantalum powder, niobium powder, titanium valve, zirconium powder, the one or more in vanadium powder.
5. a kind of preparation method of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, the selection and preparation of material system
The first system: following components: 2.45%~16.2% graphite powder, 10%~30% iron is weighed respectively by mass percentage
Powder and 67.5%~82% high-toughness metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；
Second of system: composed of the following components by mass percentage: 70%~80% carbon steel powder and 20%~30% high tenacity
Metal powder, the weight percent summation of the above components are 100%；The mass percent of carbon in the carbon steel powder are as follows: 0.65%
~1.8%C, remaining is iron；
Step 2, mixing
The weighed each component of step 1 is mixed by material system using V-type batch mixer, after mixing up to mixed powder
End；
Step 3, green compact is preforming
Take common molding or isostatic cool pressing by the mixed-powder compression moulding of step 2 to get green compact, specific mo(u)lding pressure is
1.0~1.5t/cm2；
Step 4, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 3 is placed in hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered to get sample after sintering；Final sintering temperature control exists
1000 DEG C~1150 DEG C, use the argon gas of purity >=99.9% as protective gas in sintering process；
Step 5,450 DEG C~600 DEG C of annealing is carried out to sample after the sintering of step 4 enhances steel to get metal/carbon compound
Iron base composite material.
6. a kind of preparation method of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 5, special
Sign is, in the step 1, high-toughness metal powder is tantalum powder, niobium powder, titanium valve, zirconium powder, one or more in vanadium powder.
7. a kind of preparation method of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 5, special
Sign is, in the step 2, when using V-type batch mixer mixing, V-type batch mixer revolving speed is 60~90r/min, mixing time 6
~for 24 hours.
8. a kind of preparation method of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 5, special
Sign is, before the green compact is preforming, the paraffin of 2~4wt% is added in mixed-powder as binder；The hot pressed sintering
Before, it needs first to carry out pre-burning dewaxing to green compact, dewaxing temperature is 500 DEG C~600 DEG C, and the dewaxing time is 0.8h-1.2h.
9. a kind of preparation method of metal/carbon compound nucleocapsid enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 5 or 8,
It is characterized in that, green compact keeps the temperature 0.3h~6h at 1000 DEG C~1150 DEG C of final sintering temperature during the hot pressed sintering,
Blank pressing unit area pressure is maintained at 10MPa~15MPa.
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| CN111041330A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-iron based composite material with reaction type interface transition region and preparation method thereof |
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