CN110129068A - A kind of desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergist and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergist and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110129068A CN110129068A CN201910467111.6A CN201910467111A CN110129068A CN 110129068 A CN110129068 A CN 110129068A CN 201910467111 A CN201910467111 A CN 201910467111A CN 110129068 A CN110129068 A CN 110129068A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergist and preparation method thereof.The synergist is in granular form, and is evenly distributed on topsoil, can promote desulfurized gypsum solubility, and can quickly improve soil texture, improves elution efficiency, can also be advantageous to plant growth, improves improved effect.It can provide the substances such as ferrous sulfate, sodium humate, humic acid, fulvic acid, the citric acid for improving desulfurized gypsum solubility and displacement efficiency, also containing water-retaining agent, a large amount of organic matters, organic fertilizer, nutrient etc., desulfurized gypsum elution efficiency can quickly be improved, improve salt affected soil, and be conducive to plant growth, improve improved effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to salt affected soil improving technology fields, and in particular to a kind of desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergy
Agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil are the northern area of China low productive soil distributed more widely, according to incompletely statistics, China's alkaline earth
Area is more than 100,000,000 mu, is mainly distributed on the distant Plain of pine and desert and the half-desert area of northwest in northeast.Alkaline earth or alkali-affected soil
Refer to that soil colloid adsorbs more exchangeable sodium, the soil reacted in strong basicity.China's alkaline earth is in the straight of sodium carbonate mostly
The lower formation of effect is connect, alkalization is the process that sodication occurs for soil colloid, and with the deterioration of soil physical properties.Alkaline earth changes
Good core missions are to reduce the content of exchangeable sodium in soil colloid.Change currently, most effective for alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil
Good approach is to replace the exchangeability Na adsorbed in soil colloid using salt resourceful, containing high valence ion+, then fill
Water elution, makes excessive Na+The farming soil body is left, promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, and comprehensive using skills such as water conservancy, agronomy
Art measure is improved.
Desulfurized gypsum is one of main alkali soil improvement agent of rising in recent years, and the mechanism of action mainly utilizes in gypsum
Ca2+Replace the exchangeability Na on soil colloid+, soil pH and basicity are reduced, and keep soil particle cementing, improve soil
Pore structure and permeability promote salt leaching, to be conducive to crop growth.Key reaction formula are as follows: 2Na++CaSO4·
2H2O→Ca2++Na2SO4+2H2O, while calcium ion and CO3 2-、HCO3 -Precipitation reaction occurs, and eventually leads to alkaline earth physicochemical property
It changes therewith.
But the dissolubility of desulfurized gypsum and its Na in soil colloid is restrict with soil mixability+Exchange efficiency,
Cause its dosage excessive, the rainfall of alkaline earth area is few in addition, freshwater resources are in short supply, alkaline earth poor permeability itself, can to constrain
The leaching of dissolubility salinity.The further utilization and popularization that this restrict desulfurized gypsums in terms of alkali soil improvement.Currently, not having still
There is the research report in terms of desulfurized gypsum synergist, also has no Related product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergist and preparation method thereof.
Desulfurized gypsum provided by the present invention improves salt affected soil synergist, is prepared by a method comprising the following steps
It obtains:
1) by crops stalk crushing, humic acid is added, sprays into fulvic acid solution, adds feces of livestock and poultry, is sealed by fermentation,
After fermentation, fermentation material drying is ground, obtains fermentation material powder；
2) zeolite, glauconite are crushed to respectively it is powdered, mixing, obtain mixture 1；
3) ferrous salt is crushed to respectively with humate it is powdered, mixing, obtain mixture 2；
4) zinc ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate manganese, ammonium molybdate, borax and copper sulfide are mixed, obtains mixed trace elements fertilizer；
5) by mixture 1, step 3 gained mixture 2 and step 4) institute obtained by fermentation material powder, step 2) obtained by step 1)
The mixing of mixed trace elements fertilizer is obtained, mixture is obtained；
6) citric acid, extruding granulating are sprayed into mixture obtained by step 5)；
7) urea, Sodium Polyacrylate are mixed, adds water and stirs, is homogenized；
8) particle obtained by step 6) is put into homogenate obtained by step 7), so that particle surface layer is wrapped up one layer and is homogenized, drying, i.e.,
?.
In above method step 1), humic acid accounts for the 2~4% of agricultural crop straw quality (in terms of dry weight, similarly hereinafter)；
The mass concentration of the fulvic acid solution is 10~20%；
Fulvic acid (amount for herein referring to fulvic acid solute in fulvic acid solution) accounts for the 3 of stalk quality in the fulvic acid solution
~5%.
The mixture of the feces of livestock and poultry concretely one or more of chicken manure, rabbit excrement, sheep dung, cow dung, is dry
Weight；
The feces of livestock and poultry accounts for the 10~12% of agricultural crop straw quality；
The time of the sealing and fermenting can be 10-15 days；
In above method step 2), smashed zeolite with glauconite be in it is powdered, 20 meshes can be crossed；
The zeolite is mixed with glauconite with mass ratio 4.5-5:1 (concretely 5:1)；
In above method step 3), the ferrous salt concretely ferrous sulfate；
The humate concretely sodium humate；
Ferrous salt is in powdered with humate after crushing, can cross 20 meshes；
Ferrous salt is mixed with humate with mass ratio 3-3.5:1 (concretely 3:1)；
In above method step 4), the zinc ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate manganese, ammonium molybdate, borax and copper sulfide quality account for it is mixed
Trace element fertilizer mass ratio is closed successively may be used are as follows: 25~35%, 20~30%, 15~25%, 15~20%, 10~15%, tool
Body can are as follows: 30%:25%:20%:15%:10% or 30%:25%:17%:17%:11%.
In above method step 5), the fermentation material powder, mixture 1, mixture 2, mixed trace elements fertilizer account for total mix
Amount of substance ratio is closed successively may be used are as follows: 30~45%, 20~35%, 30~40%, 2~10%, concretely: 35%:25%:
35%:5% or 35%:25%:38%:2%.
In above method step 6), the mass ratio that citric acid can account for mixture is 6~8%.
In above method step 7), the mass ratio of urea and Sodium Polyacrylate can are as follows: 1~1.2:1, concretely 1:1.
In the homogenate, the mass concentration of urea is 5~10%.
Desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil prepared by the above method also belongs to protection model of the invention with synergist
It encloses.
It is saline and alkaline with synergist coordinated desulfurization gypsum synergy improvement that the present invention also provides desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soils
The application of soil.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of cooperateed with using above-mentioned desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil with synergist to take off
The method of sulphur gypsum improvement salt affected soil.
The method of improvement salt affected soil provided by the present invention, comprising: desulfurized gypsum is applied into soil to be improved, then will
Above-mentioned synergist is sprinkled into earth's surface, then rotary tillage is irrigated.
The dosage of the synergist is about the 10~15% of desulfurized gypsum dosage (quality)；
The depth of the rotary tillage can are as follows: 12-17cm, concretely 15cm.
Synergist prepared by the present invention is in granular form, and is evenly distributed on topsoil, can promote desulfurized gypsum solubility, and can be fast
Speed improves soil texture, improves elution efficiency, can also be advantageous to plant growth, improves improved effect.It can provide raising desulfurization
The substances such as gypsum dissolution degree and the ferrous sulfate of displacement efficiency, sodium humate, humic acid, fulvic acid, citric acid, also containing water conservation
Agent, a large amount of organic matters, organic fertilizer, nutrient etc. can quickly improve desulfurized gypsum elution efficiency, improve salt affected soil, and have
Conducive to plant growth, improved effect is improved.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described below by way of specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified；Institute in following embodiments
Reagent, material etc., are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1,
The preparation of desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergist:
1) by corn straw smashing, the humic acid of corn stover dry weight 4% is added, sprays into the Huang of corn stover dry weight 5%
The solution (fulvic acid solution concentration is about 10%) that rotten acid is configured, adds the mixing that chicken manure, rabbit excrement, sheep dung are in equal proportions
Object is sealed by fermentation 15 days wherein mixing excrement accounts for the 10% of corn stover dry weight, after fermentation, fermentation material drying is ground,
Obtain fermentation material powder；
2) zeolite, glauconite are crushed to respectively it is powdered, according to mass ratio 5:1 mix, obtain mixture 1；
3) ferrous sulfate is crushed to respectively with sodium humate it is powdered, according to mass ratio 3:1 mix, obtain mixture 2；
4) zinc ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate manganese, ammonium molybdate, borax and copper sulfide are mixed according to mass ratio 30:25:20:15:10
It closes, obtains mixed trace elements fertilizer；
5) by mixture 1, step 3 gained mixture 2 and step 4) institute obtained by fermentation material powder, step 2) obtained by step 1)
It obtains mixed trace elements fertilizer to mix according to mass ratio 35:25:35:5, obtains mixture；
6) citric acid is sprayed into mixture obtained by step 5), wherein citric acid accounts for the 7% of mixture dry weight, is squeezed into
Grain；
7) urea, Sodium Polyacrylate are mixed according to mass ratio 1:1, adds water and stirs, is homogenized, in homogenate, urea
Mass concentration is 10%；
8) particle obtained by step 6) is put into homogenate obtained by step 7), so that particle surface layer is wrapped up one layer and is homogenized, drying, i.e.,
?.
Practical example 1
Corn planting, original soil soil salt content 3.2g/kg, pH value 8.6, basicity 32.7%.Desulfurized gypsum is applied
Soil, 1.5 ton/hectare of dosage；Synergist prepared by embodiment 1 is then sprinkled into earth's surface, then rotary tillage 15cm is irrigated；
Synergist dosage be desulfurized gypsum dosage (quality) 10%, i.e. 150kg/ hectares.Using latter year, 1 is handled than blank control,
Soil total salt amount reduces by 28.1%, and pH value reduces by 9.3%, and basicity reduces by 40.4%；Corn emergence rate improves 26.8%, plant height
17.7% is improved, output increased 22.4%.Than the control treatment 2 for applying desulfurized gypsum merely, soil total salt amount reduces by 14.8%,
PH value reduces by 3.7%, and basicity reduces by 8.5%；Corn emergence rate improves 13.2%, and plant height improves 11.1%, output increased
11.3%
Note: with significant difference (P < 0.05) between letter expression processing different after column data, similarly hereinafter.Every group is done three times in parallel,
It is averaged
Practical example 2,
Oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers plantation, original soil soil salt content 5.2g/kg, pH value 9.3, basicity 48.9%.Desulfurized gypsum dosage 2.5
Ton/hectare.Synergist dosage be desulfurized gypsum dosage 15%, i.e. 375kg/ hectares.Using latter year, handled than blank control
1, soil total salt amount reduces by 38.5%, and pH value reduces by 15.1%, and basicity reduces by 35.8%；Oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate improves 59.1%,
Plant height improves 39.7, and faceplate diameter improves 37.7%, output increased 61.2%；Than the control treatment 2 for applying desulfurized gypsum merely,
Soil total salt amount reduces by 22.0%, and pH value reduces by 10.2%, and basicity reduces by 21.7%；Oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate improves 24.2%, strain
Height improves 21.4%, and faceplate diameter improves 19.4%, output increased 33.2%.
Note: with significant difference (P < 0.05) between letter expression processing different after column data, similarly hereinafter.Every group is done three times in parallel,
It is averaged.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for preparing desulfurized gypsum improvement salt affected soil synergist, includes the following steps:
1) by crops stalk crushing, humic acid is added, sprays into fulvic acid solution, adds feces of livestock and poultry, is sealed by fermentation, fermentation
After the completion, fermentation material drying is ground, obtains fermentation material powder；
2) zeolite, glauconite are crushed to respectively it is powdered, mixing, obtain mixture 1；
3) ferrous salt is crushed to respectively with humate it is powdered, mixing, obtain mixture 2；
4) zinc ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate manganese, ammonium molybdate, borax and copper sulfide are mixed, obtains mixed trace elements fertilizer；
It 5) will be mixed obtained by mixture 1, step 3 gained mixture 2 and step 4) obtained by fermentation material powder, step 2) obtained by step 1)
Trace element fertilizer mixing is closed, mixture is obtained；
6) citric acid, extruding granulating are sprayed into mixture obtained by step 5)；
7) urea, Sodium Polyacrylate are mixed, adds water and stirs, is homogenized；
8) particle obtained by step 6) is put into homogenate obtained by step 7), particle surface layer is made to wrap up one layer of homogenate, drying to get.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step 1), humic acid account for agricultural crop straw quality 2~
4%,
The mass concentration of the fulvic acid solution is 10~20%；
Fulvic acid solute accounts for the 3~5% of stalk quality in the fulvic acid solution；
The feces of livestock and poultry is the mixture of one or more of chicken manure, rabbit excrement, sheep dung, cow dung, accounts for agricultural crop straw quality
10~12%；
The time of the sealing and fermenting is 10~15 days.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in step 2), the zeolite and glauconite are with mass ratio
4.5-5:1 mixing；
In step 3), ferrous salt is mixed with humate with mass ratio 3-3.5:1；
In step 4), the zinc ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate manganese, ammonium molybdate, borax and copper sulfide quality account for mixed trace elements fertilizer
Mass ratio is successively are as follows: 25~35%, 20~30%, 15~25%, 15~20%, 10~15%.
4. method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: in step 5), the fermentation material powder is mixed
It closes object 1, mixture 2, mixed trace elements fertilizer and accounts for total mixture mass ratio successively are as follows: 30~45%, 20~35%, 30~
40%, 2~10%；
In step 6), citric acid accounts for the mass ratio of mixture are as follows: 6~8%.
5. method according to any of claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: in step 7), urea and Sodium Polyacrylate
Mass ratio are as follows: 1-1.2:1；
In the homogenate, the mass concentration of urea is 5~10%.
6. improveing salt affected soil synergist by the desulfurized gypsum that any one of claim 1-5 the method is prepared.
7. the application of synergist coordinated desulfurization gypsum synergy improvement salt affected soil as claimed in claim 6.
8. utilizing the method for synergist coordinated desulfurization gypsum improvement salt affected soil as claimed in claim 6, comprising: by desulfurized gypsum
Soil to be improved is applied, above-mentioned synergist is then sprinkled into earth's surface, then rotary tillage is irrigated.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized by: the dosage of the synergist is about the 10 of desulfurized gypsum dosage
~15%；
The depth of the rotary tillage are as follows: 12-17cm.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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