CN110125425B - Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow - Google Patents
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN110125425B CN110125425B CN201910557999.2A CN201910557999A CN110125425B CN 110125425 B CN110125425 B CN 110125425B CN 201910557999 A CN201910557999 A CN 201910557999A CN 110125425 B CN110125425 B CN 110125425B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0836—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with electric or magnetic field or induction
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow, which relates to the technical field of metal powder preparation and is provided based on the problem that the ratio below 270 meshes is at a lower level because the liquid flow of metal is discontinuous in the preparation process of the existing electrode induction gas atomization method. The invention comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating raw materials; (2) arranging an induction heating coil; (3) arranging an atomizing nozzle; (4) electrode induction smelting; (5) and (4) atomizing. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention makes the melted metal liquid form continuous metal liquid flow under the action of self gravity and nozzle suction force by adjusting the shapes and structures of the metal round bar, the induction heating coil and the atomizing nozzle in the electrode induction gas atomization process, and the yield of the spherical metal powder with the diameter below 270 meshes is 53-78%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder preparation, in particular to a method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow.
Background
Electrode induction aerosolization is commonly used to produce reactive metal powders, such as titanium and titanium alloys, but also other metallic materials, such as nickel-based, iron-based, cobalt-based materials, and the like. In the process, the metal melting and atomizing processes are carried out simultaneously, namely, in a melting-dripping-atomizing mode.
The electrode induction gas atomization method is characterized in that metal is processed into a round rod, the round rod is installed on a feeding device which moves up and down, the whole device is vacuumized and filled with inert gas, the round rod enters a conical induction coil below the round rod at a certain rotating speed and a certain descending speed, the tip of the round rod is gradually melted in the conical induction coil under the action of induction heating to form melt liquid flow, the melt liquid flow directly flows into an atomizer below the conical coil under the action of gravity, high-pressure argon enters the atomizer through a gas path pipeline and interacts with the metal liquid flow below a gas outlet, the liquid flow is broken into small liquid drops under the action of high-pressure gas, and the liquid drops are cooled and then solidified into spherical metal powder.
In the process of preparing titanium and titanium alloy powder, the metal liquid flow is in a dropping state and is discontinuous, a single liquid drop is large, high-pressure gas is not broken sufficiently, the proportion below 270 meshes is in a low level which is generally not more than 35%, the powder appearance, the apparent density, the flowability and the like are not good, the yield of the product in unit time is not high, the actual production cost is high, and the product quality is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem that the metal liquid flow is discontinuous in the preparation process of the existing electrode induction gas atomization method, and the proportion below 270 meshes is in a lower level.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
the invention provides a method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: preparing a metal round bar, wherein one end of the metal round bar is processed into a conical tip, the diameter of the round bar is 15-150mm, and the angle a of the conical axial section tip is 30-75 degrees;
(2) setting of the induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between the bus of the circular truncated cone and the shaft of the circular truncated cone is 10-75 degrees, the middle diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 1.2-1.7 times of the diameter of the circular rod, the middle diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 0.1-1.5 times of the diameter of the circular rod, and the number of turns of the induction coil is 2-7 layers; the output power of a heating power supply of the induction heating coil is 20-130KW, and the output frequency is 20-310 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the atomizing nozzle is arranged right below the induction heating coil and comprises a crushing airflow cavity, the middle part of the crushing airflow cavity is a through nozzle inner hole, and a crushing airflow inlet is formed in the crushing airflow cavity; the crushing airflow cavity is provided with a crushing airflow outlet, the direction of the air sprayed out from the crushing airflow outlet faces to the inner hole of the nozzle, and the airflow forms an inverted triangular cone; the inner hole of the nozzle is in a circular truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape, when the inner hole of the nozzle is in the circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the inner hole of the nozzle is small at the top, the diameter of the top surface of the inner hole of the nozzle is 10-26mm, the diameter of the bottom surface of the inner hole of the nozzle is 10-35mm, the hole height of the inner hole of the nozzle is 23-75mm, the air inlet pressure at the inlet of the crushing air flow is 1.2-8.5MPa, and the included angle between the axial direction of the outlet of the crushing air flow and the axial diameter direction of the inner hole of the nozzle is 5-87 degrees;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, enabling the rotating speed of the round bar to be 0.5-2.7r/min, enabling the descending speed of the round bar to be 30-150mm/min,
(5) atomizing: and (4) forming continuous liquid flow by the molten metal in the step (4) under the combined action of the gravity of the molten metal and the suction force formed by the nozzle, crushing the molten metal by spraying inert gas flow from the crushed gas flow outlet through the inner hole of the nozzle, and cooling to obtain spherical metal powder.
Preferably, the metal round bar is a pure metal or a metal alloy with a melting point below 2500 ℃.
Preferably, the metal is one of titanium, a titanium alloy, a cobalt-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy and an iron-based alloy.
Preferably, the diameter of the continuous stream formed is from 2.2 to 5.3 mm.
Preferably, the gas introduced at the inlet of the crushing gas stream is an inert gas.
Preferably, the inert gas comprises one or more of argon, nitrogen, argon.
Preferably, the material of the induction heating coil is a copper tube.
Preferably, the crushing airflow outlet is of an annular seam type or annular hole type structure.
Preferably, the atomizing nozzle further comprises an air curtain airflow cavity, the air curtain airflow cavity is provided with an air curtain airflow outlet, the distance from the air curtain airflow outlet to the nozzle inner hole is greater than the distance from the crushing airflow outlet to the nozzle inner hole, the direction of the gas sprayed out from the air curtain airflow outlet is parallel to the direction of the nozzle inner hole or faces away from the nozzle inner hole, and the height of the air curtain airflow outlet is equal to that of the crushing airflow outlet.
Preferably, the crushing airflow cavity and the air curtain airflow cavity are both annular cavities, the air curtain airflow cavity is an independent cavity surrounding the periphery of the crushing airflow cavity, a first pipeline is arranged at a crushing airflow inlet of the crushing airflow cavity, the first pipeline is connected with the crushing airflow inlet through the air curtain airflow cavity in a penetrating manner, and a second pipeline is arranged at an air curtain airflow inlet of the air curtain airflow cavity.
Preferably, the air curtain airflow cavity is an annular cavity independent in the crushing airflow cavity, a first pipeline is arranged at a crushing airflow inlet of the crushing airflow cavity, and a second pipeline is arranged at an air curtain airflow inlet of the air curtain airflow cavity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, by adjusting the shapes and structures of the metal round rod, the induction heating coil and the atomizing nozzle in the electrode induction gas atomization process, molten metal liquid forms continuous metal liquid flow under the action of self gravity and nozzle suction force, and the yield of spherical metal powder with the diameter below 270 meshes is 53-78%;
(2) the metal liquid forms continuous liquid flow, so that the waste of excessive gas is avoided, and the production cost is reduced;
(3) through set up the air curtain air current intracavity through highly being close to the liquid drop of diameter and let in inert gas, because of the liquid drop department of diameter is the satellite powder that produces more easily, gas is blown out by air curtain air current outlet, after forming the air curtain air current, can prevent that the high superfine powder of temperature from forming the bonding with the large granule powder of just atomizing formation, with the air current air curtain of certain velocity of flow, can block that superfine powder is close to the atomizing region, the meeting that is close to very much is blown away, and then further reduces the production of satellite powder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a round bar in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an atomizing nozzle in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an atomizing nozzle in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of 270 mesh or smaller powder obtained in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of 270 mesh or smaller powder obtained in example 4 of the present invention;
in the figure, 10 — the crushing gas flow chamber; 11-a crushed gas stream outlet; 12-a first conduit; 20-air curtain airflow cavity; 21-air curtain airflow outlet; 22-a second conduit; 30-nozzle inner hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples of the specification.
Test materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The specific techniques or conditions not specified in the examples can be performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product specification.
Example 1
Structure of atomizing nozzle:
the atomizing nozzle, the round bar and the induction heating coil are coaxially arranged, fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the round bar, the atomizing nozzle is arranged right below the induction heating coil, fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the atomizing nozzle in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the atomizing nozzle comprises a crushing airflow cavity 10, a through nozzle inner hole 30 is arranged in the middle of the crushing airflow cavity 10, and a crushing airflow inlet 11 is arranged on the crushing airflow cavity 10; the crushing gas flow chamber 10 is provided with a crushing gas flow outlet 21, and the gas sprayed from the crushing gas flow outlet 21 is directed towards the nozzle inner hole 30, so that the gas flow forms an inverted triangular cone.
Example 2
Structure of atomizing nozzle:
as shown in fig. 3, the atomizing nozzle further includes an air curtain airflow chamber 20, the air curtain airflow chamber 20 is provided with an air curtain airflow outlet 21, a distance from the air curtain airflow outlet 21 to the nozzle inner hole 30 is greater than a distance from the crushing airflow outlet 11 to the nozzle inner hole 30, a direction of the air sprayed from the air curtain airflow outlet 21 is parallel to a direction of the nozzle inner hole 30 or is opposite to the nozzle inner hole 30, and the air curtain airflow outlet 21 is equal to the crushing airflow outlet 11 in height or has a height difference which is not too large.
In this embodiment, the crushing airflow chamber 10 and the air curtain airflow chamber 20 are both annular chambers, the air curtain airflow chamber 20 is an independent chamber surrounding the periphery of the crushing airflow chamber 10, the top surface and the bottom surface of the independent chamber share the same, which means that only one annular plate is used to separate the independent chamber and the top surface, the crushing airflow inlet of the crushing airflow chamber 10 is provided with a first pipeline 12, the first pipeline 12 passes through the air curtain airflow chamber 20 to connect with the crushing airflow inlet, and the air curtain airflow inlet of the air curtain airflow chamber 20 is provided with a second pipeline 22. This structure is the structure of suit, and gas curtain air current chamber 20 is around crushing air current chamber 10 outside, in addition, also can be the interval setting, and during the interval setting, the bottom surface of the two is connected state, and the top surface is separately the form, and the two separates through two annular plates, all satisfies first pipeline 12 and gas curtain air current chamber 20 and is not communicating state.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: set up in the gas curtain air current chamber 20 and let in inert gas near the liquid drop height that the diameter is big, because of the liquid drop department that the diameter is big produces satellite powder more easily, through letting in inert gas in gas curtain air current chamber 20, gaseous is blown out by gas curtain air current export 21, not for broken metal liquid stream, but be used for in the atomizing process, form "gas curtain" and flow, after forming the gas curtain air current, can prevent that the superfine powder that the temperature is high from forming the bonding with the large granule powder that just atomizes and form, with the air current gas curtain of certain velocity of flow, be equivalent to the barrier of powder, can prevent that superfine powder is close to the atomizing region, the meeting of being close to very much is blown away, and then reduces satellite powder's production.
Example 3
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow
(1) Taking 1 Ti-6Al-4V alloy round bar with the diameter of 45mm, wherein the angle of the tip of the conical shaft section is 45 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between the bus of the circular truncated cone and the height of the circular truncated cone is 30 degrees, the middle diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 75mm, the middle diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 30mm, the number of turns of the coil is 5, the output power of a power supply is set to be 35KW, and the output frequency is 40 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the nozzle of example 1 was used as a free-fall nozzle, the diameter of the top surface of the inner bore of the nozzle was 16mm for d1, the diameter of the bottom surface of the inner bore of the nozzle was 16.5mm for d2, the height of the inner bore of the nozzle was 43mm for h2, the angle between the axial direction of the outlet of the shattered air stream and the axial direction of the inner bore of the nozzle was 27 degrees, and the inlet pressure at the inlet of the shattered air stream was 6.8 MPa. In this case, a strong suction force is formed on the upper side of the center of the nozzle in the nozzle atomization process;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, wherein the rotating speed of the round bar is 1.7r/min, and the descending speed of the round bar is 55 mm/min;
(5) atomizing: and (3) high-pressure argon enters the crushing airflow cavity from the crushing airflow inlet, the gas pressure is 5.5MPa, the molten metal liquid in the step (4) forms 4.1mm continuous liquid flow under the combined action of the self gravity of the molten metal liquid and the suction force formed by the nozzle, the molten metal liquid passes through the inner hole of the nozzle and is crushed by the argon sprayed out from the crushing airflow outlet, and the spherical metal powder is obtained after cooling.
The experimental results are as follows: under the conditions of the embodiment, the metal liquid flow is in a continuous liquid flow state, the whole particle size of the prepared powder is small, wherein the particle size below 270 meshes accounts for 52.6 percent; FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of the resultant 270-mesh or smaller powder, and it can be seen that the resultant powder had a spherical shape and the satellite powder was less in the granular powder.
Example 4
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow
(1) Taking 1 Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy round bar with the diameter of 50mm, wherein the angle of the tip of the conical shaft section is 50 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between the bus of the circular truncated cone and the circular truncated cone shaft is 45 degrees, the diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 80mm, the diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 20mm, the number of turns of the coil is 6, the output power of a power supply is set to be 32KW, and the output frequency is 50 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the nozzle of example 1 was used as a free-fall nozzle, the diameter of the top surface of the nozzle bore 30 was 17mm in d1, the diameter of the bottom surface of the nozzle bore 30 was 18mm in d2, the height of the nozzle bore 30 was 37mm in h2, the angle between the axial direction of the breaker gas flow outlet 21 and the axial direction of the nozzle bore 30 was 25 degrees, and the inlet pressure at the breaker gas flow inlet 11 was 5.9 MPa. In this case, a strong suction force is formed on the upper side of the center of the nozzle in the nozzle atomization process;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, wherein the rotating speed of the round bar is 2.0r/min, and the descending speed of the round bar is 60 mm/min;
(5) atomizing: and (3) high-pressure argon enters the crushing airflow cavity from the crushing airflow inlet, the gas pressure is 5.3MPa, the molten metal liquid in the step (4) forms 3.8mm continuous liquid flow under the combined action of the self gravity of the molten metal liquid and the suction force formed by the nozzle, the molten metal liquid passes through the inner hole of the nozzle and is crushed by nitrogen sprayed out from the crushing airflow outlet, and spherical metal powder is obtained after cooling.
The experimental results are as follows: under the conditions of the embodiment, the metal liquid flow is in a continuous liquid flow state, the whole particle size of the prepared powder is small, wherein the particle size below 270 meshes accounts for 57.7 percent; FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of the resultant 270-mesh or smaller powder, and it can be seen that the resultant powder had a spherical shape and the satellite powder was less in the granular powder.
Example 5
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow
(1) Taking 1 Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy round bar with the diameter of 50mm, wherein the angle of the tip of the conical shaft section is 50 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between the bus of the circular truncated cone and the circular truncated cone shaft is 45 degrees, the diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 80mm, the diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 20mm, the number of turns of the coil is 6, the output power of a power supply is set to be 32KW, and the output frequency is 50 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the nozzle in example 2 was used as a free-fall nozzle, the diameter of the top surface of the nozzle bore 30 was 17mm for d1, the diameter of the bottom surface of the nozzle bore 30 was 18mm for d2, the height of the nozzle bore 30 was 37mm for h2, the angle between the axial direction of the shatter air flow outlet 21 and the axial direction of the nozzle bore 30 was 25 degrees, and the inlet air pressure at the shatter air flow inlet 11 was 5.9 MPa. In this case, a strong suction force is formed on the upper side of the center of the nozzle in the nozzle atomization process;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, wherein the rotating speed of the round bar is 2.0r/min, and the descending speed of the round bar is 60 mm/min;
(5) atomizing: and (3) high-pressure argon enters the crushing airflow cavity from the crushing airflow inlet, the gas pressure is 5.3MPa, the molten metal liquid in the step (4) of the argon forms mm continuous liquid flow under the combined action of the gravity of the molten metal liquid and the suction force formed by the nozzle, the mm continuous liquid flow passes through the inner hole of the nozzle, is crushed by the argon sprayed out from the crushing airflow outlet, and the spherical metal powder is obtained after cooling.
The experimental results are as follows: under the conditions of this example, the metal flow is a continuous flow state, and the overall particle size of the powder is small, wherein the particle size below 270 mesh accounts for 59%, and this example shows that the particle size below 270 mesh in the prepared metal powder is increased relative to that of example 4.
Example 6
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow
(1) 1 NiTi alloy round bar with the diameter of 100mm is taken, and the angle of the tip of the conical shaft section is 38 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between the bus of the circular truncated cone and the height of the circular truncated cone is 30 degrees, the middle diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 125mm, the middle diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 56mm, the number of layers of the coils is 7, the output power of a power supply is 67KW, and the output frequency is 80 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the nozzle of example 1 was used as a free-fall nozzle, the diameter of the top surface of the inner bore of the nozzle was 25mm for d 1mm, the diameter of the bottom surface of the inner bore of the nozzle was 25mm for d2 mm, the height of the inner bore of the nozzle was 60mm for h2, the angle between the axial direction of the outlet of the shattered air stream and the axial direction of the inner bore of the nozzle was 30 degrees, and the inlet pressure at the inlet of the shattered air stream was 7.5 MPa. In this case, a strong suction force is formed on the upper side of the center of the nozzle in the nozzle atomization process;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, wherein the rotating speed of the round bar is 30r/min, and the descending speed of the round bar is 61 mm/min;
(5) atomizing: and (3) high-pressure argon enters the crushing airflow cavity from the crushing airflow inlet, the gas pressure is 6MPa, the molten metal liquid in the step (4) forms 3.3mm continuous liquid flow under the combined action of the self gravity of the molten metal liquid and the suction force formed by the nozzle, the molten metal liquid passes through the inner hole of the nozzle, is crushed by the argon sprayed from the crushing airflow outlet, and is cooled to obtain spherical metal powder.
The experimental results are as follows: under the conditions of the example, the metal liquid flow is in a continuous liquid flow state, and the whole particle size of the prepared powder is small, wherein the particle size below 270 meshes accounts for 78 percent.
Comparative example 1
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization
(1) Taking 1 Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy round bar with the diameter of 50mm, wherein the angle of the tip of the conical shaft section is 22 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between a bus of the circular truncated cone and a circular truncated cone shaft is 45 degrees, the diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 80mm, the diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 77mm, the number of turns of the coil is 8, the output power of a power supply is set to be 32KW, and the output frequency is 50 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the nozzle of example 1 was used, the diameter of the top surface of the nozzle bore was 27mm for d1, the diameter of the bottom surface of the nozzle bore was 26mm for d2, the height of the nozzle bore was 37mm for h2, the angle between the axial direction of the outlet of the shatter gas and the axial direction of the nozzle bore was 25 degrees, and the inlet pressure at the inlet of the shatter gas was 5.9 MPa. In this case, a strong suction force is formed on the upper side of the center of the nozzle in the nozzle atomization process;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, wherein the rotating speed of the round bar is 2.0r/min, and the descending speed of the round bar is 60 mm/min;
(5) atomizing: and (3) high-pressure argon enters the crushing airflow cavity from the crushing airflow inlet, the gas pressure is 5.5Mpa, the molten metal liquid in the step (4) passes through the inner hole of the nozzle under the action of the self gravity of the molten metal liquid, is crushed by the argon sprayed from the crushing airflow outlet, and spherical metal powder is obtained after cooling.
The experimental results are as follows: under the conditions of the embodiment, the metal liquid can not form a continuous liquid flow, the metal liquid forms liquid drops, and the particle size of the prepared powder below 270 meshes is relatively low, and is 34 percent.
Comparative example 2
Method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization
(1) Taking 1 Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy round bar with the diameter of 50mm, wherein the angle of the tip of the conical shaft section is 22 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between the bus of the circular truncated cone and the circular truncated cone shaft is 45 degrees, the diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 50mm, the diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 20mm, the number of turns of the coil is 8, the output power of a power supply is set to be 32KW, and the output frequency is 50 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the nozzle of example 1 was used, the diameter of the top surface of the nozzle bore was 28mm for d1, the diameter of the bottom surface of the nozzle bore was 33mm for d2, the height of the nozzle bore was 37mm for h2, the angle between the axial direction of the outlet of the shatter gas and the axial direction of the nozzle bore was 25 degrees, and the inlet pressure at the inlet of the shatter gas was 5.9 MPa. In this case, a strong suction force is formed on the upper side of the center of the nozzle in the nozzle atomization process;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, enabling the rotating speed of the round bar to be 0.45r/min, and enabling the descending speed of the round bar to be 60 mm/min;
(5) atomizing: and (3) high-pressure argon enters the crushing airflow cavity from the crushing airflow inlet, the gas pressure is 5.5Mpa, the molten metal liquid in the step (4) passes through the inner hole of the nozzle under the action of the self gravity of the molten metal liquid, is crushed by nitrogen sprayed out from the crushing airflow outlet, and the spherical metal powder is obtained after cooling.
The experimental results are as follows: under the conditions of the example, the metal liquid can not form a continuous liquid flow, the metal liquid forms liquid drops, and the prepared powder with the particle size below 270 meshes is low and accounts for 33 percent.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various process schemes having no substantial difference from the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing spherical metal powder by electrode induction gas atomization continuous liquid flow is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: preparing a metal round bar, wherein one end of the metal round bar is processed into a conical tip, the diameter of the round bar is 15-150mm, and the angle a of the conical axial section tip is 30-75 degrees;
(2) setting of an induction heating coil: the induction heating coil is enclosed to form an inverted circular truncated cone, the included angle between a bus of the circular truncated cone and a circular truncated cone shaft is 10-75 degrees, the middle diameter of the maximum circle of the induction heating coil is 1.2-1.7 times of the diameter of a circular rod, the middle diameter of the minimum circle of the induction heating coil is 0.1-1.5 times of the diameter of the circular rod, and the number of turns of the induction heating coil is 2-7 layers; the output power of a heating power supply of the induction heating coil is 20-130KW, and the output frequency is 20-310 KHz;
(3) setting of atomizing nozzle: the atomizing nozzle is arranged right below the induction heating coil and comprises a crushing airflow cavity, the middle part of the crushing airflow cavity is a through nozzle inner hole, and a crushing airflow inlet is formed in the crushing airflow cavity; the crushing airflow cavity is provided with a crushing airflow outlet, the direction of the air sprayed out from the crushing airflow outlet faces to the inner hole of the nozzle, and the airflow forms an inverted triangular cone; the inner hole of the nozzle is in a circular truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape, when the inner hole of the nozzle is in the circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the inner hole of the nozzle is small at the top, the diameter of the top surface of the inner hole of the nozzle is 10-26mm, the diameter of the bottom surface of the inner hole of the nozzle is 10-35mm, the hole height of the inner hole of the nozzle is 23-75mm, the air inlet pressure at the inlet of the crushing air flow is 1.2-8.5Mpa, and the included angle between the axial direction of the outlet of the crushing air flow and the axial direction of the inner hole of the nozzle is 5-87 degrees;
(4) electrode induction smelting: under the protection of inert gas, enabling the conical tip of the round bar prepared in the step (1) to correspond to an induction heating coil, enabling the round bar to rotate and move downwards by taking the shaft of the round bar as a central line, enabling the rotating speed of the round bar to be 0.5-2.7r/min, enabling the descending speed of the round bar to be 30-150mm/min,
(5) atomizing: and (4) forming continuous liquid flow by the molten metal in the step (4) under the combined action of the gravity of the molten metal and the suction force formed by the nozzle, crushing the molten metal by spraying inert gas flow from the crushed gas flow outlet through the inner hole of the nozzle, and cooling to obtain spherical metal powder.
2. The method of claim 1 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the metal round bar is pure metal or metal alloy with the melting point below 2500 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the metal is one of titanium, titanium alloy, cobalt-based alloy, nickel-based alloy and iron-based alloy.
4. The method of claim 1 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the diameter of the continuous stream formed is 2.2-5.3 mm.
5. The method of claim 1 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: and the gas introduced at the inlet of the crushing gas flow is inert gas.
6. The method of claim 5 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the inert gas comprises one or more of argon and nitrogen.
7. The method of claim 1 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the induction heating coil is made of a red copper tube.
8. The method of claim 1 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the atomizing nozzle further comprises an air curtain airflow cavity, an air curtain airflow outlet is formed in the air curtain airflow cavity, the distance from the air curtain airflow outlet to the nozzle inner hole is larger than the distance from the crushing airflow outlet to the nozzle inner hole, the direction of the gas sprayed out of the air curtain airflow outlet is parallel to the direction of the nozzle inner hole or faces back to the nozzle inner hole, and the height of the air curtain airflow outlet and the crushing airflow outlet is equal.
9. The method of claim 8 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the crushing airflow cavity and the air curtain airflow cavity are both annular cavities, the air curtain airflow cavity is an independent cavity surrounding the periphery of the crushing airflow cavity, a first pipeline is arranged at a crushing airflow inlet of the crushing airflow cavity, the first pipeline penetrates through the air curtain airflow cavity to be connected with the crushing airflow inlet, and a second pipeline is arranged at an air curtain airflow inlet of the air curtain airflow cavity.
10. The method of claim 8 for producing spherical metal powder by electrode-induced aerosolization of a continuous liquid stream, wherein: the air curtain airflow cavity is an annular cavity which is independent in the crushing airflow cavity, a first pipeline is arranged at a crushing airflow inlet of the crushing airflow cavity, and a second pipeline is arranged at an air curtain airflow inlet of the air curtain airflow cavity.
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| CN113042740A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-29 | 北京七弟科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-melting-point metal or alloy spherical powder by adopting gas atomization |
| TWI786578B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-12-11 | 中佑精密材料股份有限公司 | Alloy powder manufacturing equipment |
| CN114406273B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2024-03-22 | 沈阳工业大学 | Multistage gas atomization preparation method of titanium alloy spherical powder for 3D printing technology |
| CN114713828A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-08 | 北京七弟科技有限公司 | Preparation method of titanium and titanium alloy spherical or near-spherical metal powder for MIM |
| CN115194169B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-23 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Spherical powder of platinum or platinum-rhodium alloy for 3D printing and preparation method and application thereof |
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