CN110122502B

CN110122502B - Seed coating composition and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110122502B
Application number: CN201910546350.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘希忠; 金海�; 王彦明; 黄建军; 汪文波; 付云龙; 胡承伟
Original assignee: Hanzhong Fuhua Agricultural Technology Co ltd; Guanlan Rapeseed Flower Planting Specialized Cooperative In Dinjiang County
Current assignee: Hanzhong Fuhua Agricultural Technology Co ltd; Guanlan Rapeseed Flower Planting Specialized Cooperative In Dinjiang County
Priority date: 2019-06-24
Filing date: 2019-06-24
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-24
Also published as: CN110122502A

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed coating composition, a preparation method and application thereof. The composition consists of the following components: a) the active ingredients and b) the auxiliary agents), wherein the a) active ingredients are pesticides, bactericides, plant growth regulators and trace element fertilizers. The seeds treated by the coating composition have strong disease resistance, insect disinfestation and stress resistance, and the seedling rate of old seeds is improved. The bactericide thiophanate methyl and metalaxyl in the seed coating composition can achieve the mutual synergistic sterilization effect, the combination of the two bactericides can obviously improve the anti-stain capability of plant seedlings in a high-humidity environment, the morbidity of seeds treated by the coating composition is only 22.78%, and the morbidity of seeds not treated by the coating composition is 79.03%. Meanwhile, the coating composition can reduce the pathogen infection rate of the aged seeds and improve the seedling rate of the aged seeds. The seed coating composition is easy to degrade, pollution-free, low in cost and easy to popularize.

Description

Seed coating composition and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a seed coating composition for brassicaceae such as rape, Chinese cabbage, radish and the like before sowing seeds, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The seed coating technology is that a mechanical or manual method is adopted, and a seed coating agent containing various components such as insecticide, bactericide, compound fertilizer, trace elements, plant growth regulator, slow release agent, film forming agent and the like is uniformly coated on the surface of seeds according to a certain proportion to form a smooth and firm medicine film. Along with the water absorption germination, emergence and growth of seeds, the effective components in the coating are gradually absorbed by the plant root system and are conducted to each part of the seedling plant, so that the seeds and the seedlings have the control effect on seed bacteria, soil bacteria and underground and overground pests. Therefore, the coated seeds grow vigorously in the seedling stage, have dark green leaves, developed roots and strong plants, and achieve the purpose of increasing both production and income.

The Yangtze river basin is the main production area of winter rape production in China, accounts for more than 60% of the production area of winter rape in China, and since the nineties of the last century, the harm of crickets in farmlands is getting worse, particularly the harm of the crickets in dry farming areas of mountainous areas and hills is getting worse, the density of wormholes is as high as 21 heads per 30 multiple nets, so that seeds and seedlings of the rape are eaten by the insects after sowing, and the damage to gardens is caused sometimes, and the residual weight is lost; in addition, the Yangtze river basin is influenced by season wind in autumn all the year round, has the climatic characteristic of nine dres in ten years, leads to the occurrence of damping-off (commonly called as seedling transformation) after rape seeding in successive years, and if old seeds are used in production, the damping-off death rate is over 60 percent, and the yield loss is very serious. The seed coating agents used for rape in the market at present have broad spectrum. For example, in the prior art, the document "screening test initial report of rape seed coating agent" (nima kernel, etc.) reports that a rape seed coating agent which is labor-saving, cost-saving, efficient and suitable for local use in Tibet is screened in the face of climate change; the results of a comparison test of the acute-peptide coating agent and the phorate in the literature, "efficacy test of the acute-peptide coating agent on the yellow stripe flea-nails and the stem weevils of rape" (long-leaved plum and the like) show that the control effect of insect pests, the growth and development of rape and the improvement of the resistance thereof in the rape fields intervened by using the treatment mode of the acute-peptide coating agent are obviously better than those of the control treatment mode. Patent CN108586039A discloses a disease-preventing, insect-resisting and cadmium-reducing rape seed coating agent which can obviously reduce the absorption of cadmium in soil by rape and the accumulation of cadmium in rape seeds. Patent CN011446250A discloses an agricultural bactericidal composition containing substituted benzene bactericide, which comprises ethylicin in a weight percentage of 2-95%; 0.5 to 60 percent of substituted benzene bactericide; the balance of auxiliary agent or auxiliary agent and filler, wherein the substituted benzene bactericide is any one of thiophanate-methyl, metalaxyl, oxadixyl or furazolidone. In the prior art, various coating agents for brassicaceous plants, particularly for rape seeds exist, but no report is found on the coating agent for the plant seeds, which can improve the cracket food refusal rate of the rape seeds and prevent the seeds from damping down under high-humidity conditions after sowing.

Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a seed coating composition, so as to improve the prevention and treatment effect of the rape on the damage of crickets and the seedlings caused by overcast and rainy days, and thoroughly solve the bottleneck of the production of the rape in Yangtze river basin.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a seed coating composition and a preparation method and application thereof, in order to improve the prevention and treatment effect of cruciferous plants, particularly rape on crickets and seedlings generated by overcast and rainy days, and thoroughly solve the bottleneck of rape production in Yangtze river basin.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a seed coating composition consisting of a) an active ingredient and b) a film-forming agent, wherein the a) active ingredient is: insecticides, fungicides, plant growth regulators and trace element fertilizers.

Further, the pesticide is fipronil, the bactericide is thiophanate methyl and metalaxyl, the growth regulator is Aiduoshou, and the trace element fertilizer is boric acid and zinc sulfate.

Further, the film forming agent of b) is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, collagen, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol and polyacrylamide.

Further, the fipronil, the thiophanate methyl, the metalaxyl, the Aiduo shou, the boric acid and the zinc sulfate are in a weight ratio of (2-5): (1-2): (1-3): (2-5): 3:1.

Further, the weight ratio of fipronil, thiophanate methyl, metalaxyl, idoxuron, boric acid and zinc sulfate is 2: 1: 2: 2: 3:1.

Wherein the fipronil has the common Chinese name of fipronil, the chemical name of the fipronil is 5-amino-1- (2, 6-dichloro-p-trifluoromethylanilino) -3-nitrile-4-trifluoromethylsulfanylpyrazole, the molecular formula of the fipronil is C12H4Cl2F6N4OS, and the effective content of active ingredients is 5%.

The Chinese common name of the thiophanate methyl is thiophanate methyl, and the chemical name is 1, 2-bis- (methoxycarbonyl-2-thioureido) benzene; 1, 2-bis (3-methoxycarbonyl-2-thioureido) benzene, molecular formula: c₁₂H₁₄N₄O₄S₂Wherein the effective content of the active ingredient is 70%.

The metalaxyl has the chemical name of D, L-N- (2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -N- (2-methoxyacetyl) alanine methyl ester and the molecular formula of C₁₅H₂₁NO₄Wherein the content of active ingredients is 25%.

The Chinese common name of Aiduoshou is compound sodium nitrophenolate, the chemical name is 1.5-nitroguaiacol sodium, and the molecular formula is as follows: c₇H₆NO₄Na, 2, sodium o-nitrophenolate, molecular formula: c₆H₄NO₃Na, 3, p-nitrophenol sodium, molecular formula: c₆H₄NO₃Na, wherein the active ingredient content of the active ingredient is 1.8%.

The boric acid has a molecular formula of H₃BO₃Which isThe content of active ingredients in the composition is 98%.

The molecular formula of the zinc sulfate is ZnSO₄·7H₂O, wherein the active ingredient content of the active ingredient is 25%.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a seed coating composition, comprising the steps of:

s1) preparing a film agent: dissolving 20 g of polyvinyl alcohol in 1 kg of water, heating to boil the polyvinyl alcohol, and adding distilled water into the boiled polyvinyl alcohol solution to 1000 ml;

s2) active ingredient weighing: weighing (2-5) parts by weight: (1-2): (1-3): (2-5): 3:1 of fipronil, thiophanate methyl, metalaxyl, Aiduoshou, boric acid and zinc sulfate, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;

s3) preparing a coating composition: adding the mixture prepared in the step S2) into the film forming agent prepared in the step S1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the seed coating composition.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of said seed coating composition for controlling or inhibiting plant pathogens, for preventing infection by plant pathogens, or for protecting materials against attack damage by harmful microorganisms.

In a fourth aspect, the invention also provides a method of controlling, inhibiting or preventing infection by a pathogen by treating the pathogen, its habitat or the plant to be protected or the soil or propagation material with an effective amount of the composition.

Further, the plant or propagation material is a crucifer.

Further, the plant or propagation material is rape or cabbage or radish.

The invention has the following technical effects:

1. the insect prevention effect is remarkable: the surface of the coated seed is provided with a drug film, the pesticide fipronil contained in the drug film has better antifeedant and stomach toxicity effects on the pest, and according to field tests: the coated cricket has 98.42 percent of food refusal and 89.46 percent of average prevention effect before sprouting to true leaves, thereby achieving better insect prevention effect.

2. The effect of preventing cataplexy (commonly called seedling transformation) is obvious: the coating composition provided by the invention simultaneously contains the bactericides thiophanate methyl and metalaxyl, compared with a seed coating composition containing a single bactericide, the two bactericides can be subjected to synergistic sterilization, the control effect on damping-off is obvious after the seeds are coated, healthy plants are 4.18 plants/square meter on average, 15.75 plants/square meter are dead (diseased) and 79.03 percent is dead (dead) on average of uncoated seeds; the dead seedling rate of the coated seeds is reduced by 56.25 percentage points.

3. Improving the seedling rate of aged seeds: the seedling rate of the aged seeds with the coating is 96.27 percent after more than 3 years, while the seedling rate of the uncoated aged seeds is only 59.36 percent, and the seedling rate of the coated seeds is increased by 61.18 percent compared with the seedling rate of the uncoated seeds. The infectious microbe infection rate of the coated old seeds is zero in the germination process, and the infectious microbe infection rate of the uncoated old seeds is 60.14% in the germination process, so that the germination is seriously influenced.

4. Is friendly to the environment: the medicament used by the coated seeds is a commodity pesticide approved by national registration and sold, the total dosage per unit area is only 1.6 g/cm, the total dosage of the conventional main component pesticide for field production is up to 306 g/cm, the dosage of the main component pesticide of the coated seeds is only 1/300 of the dosage of the field, and the coated seeds are easy to degrade and safer for environment increase.

5. Simple operation, low cost and easy popularization: the seed coating agent is mechanically coated in a large scale to realize batch processing, and the cost of the coated seeds is only 6.15 yuan/cm, which is 1/25 of the conventional production and medication cost.

Drawings

Figure 1 the effect of cricket is prevented in direct seeding of dry land of coated seed and uncoated seed in example 3, wherein the coated seed has low feeding rate for spreading crickets on ridges, the coated seed has dense growth vigor, the uncoated seed has high feeding rate for spreading crickets on ridges, and the coated seed is lack of seedlings, broken ridges and sparse.

FIG. 2 shows the effect of preventing seedlings from being degraded of old seeds coated on the right side, the leaves are green and deep, and the effect of preventing seedlings from being degraded of old seeds not coated on the left side is poor and the leaves are green and shallow.

FIG. 3 mold infection prevention effect of the seed coating treatment and the non-coating treatment in example 5; wherein, the seeds which are not coated in the upper left germination box and the lower left germination box are partially not grown under the influence of mould fungi, and the seeds which are coated in the upper right germination box and the lower right germination box are uniformly grown.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

While specific embodiments of the present invention or prior art will be described briefly in order to more clearly illustrate it, it should be apparent that the following description of the embodiments is illustrative of some embodiments of the present invention and that others can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. The following examples are given for oilseed rape seeds in the family Brassicaceae.

Example 1

Dissolving 20 g of polyvinyl alcohol in 1 kg of water, heating to boil the polyvinyl alcohol, and adding distilled water into the boiled polyvinyl alcohol solution to 1000ml to obtain the film-forming agent. And weighing fipronil, thiophanate methyl, metalaxyl, Aiduoshou, boric acid and zinc sulfate in corresponding weight parts, and uniformly mixing, wherein the specific weight parts are shown in Table 1. And then, adding the mixture into the prepared film forming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the seed coating composition.

TABLE 1 weight parts ratio of the ingredients in the seed coating composition

Composition (I)	Combination of1	Combination 2	Combination 3	Combination 4	Combination 5	Combination 6
							Fipronil	2	5	3	4	3	4
Thiophanate methyl	1	2	1.5	2	\	2
							Metalaxyl	1	3	2	2	2	\
Ado duoshou	2	5	4	3	4	3
							Boric acid	3	3	3	3	3	3
Zinc sulfate	1	1	1	1	3	1

Weighing 8 kg of seeds, pouring the seeds into a basin, taking 100ml of the seed coating agent, pouring the seed coating agent into the basin, manually and continuously turning the seeds by a wooden shovel until the seed coats are uniformly adhered to the seed coats, airing the coated seeds for 2-4 hours, and then packaging the seeds, or mechanically coating the seeds in batches by using a special seed coating machine according to the ratio of 80: 1.

Example 2

The test reference variety adopts double-low rape seeds, and the seed treatment comprises the following steps: the coated seeds treated with the coating compositions of examples 1 to 3 and the seeds not treated with the coating compositions were combined in 4 groups of treated seeds. Selecting field with large cricket mouth density (11 crickets per 30 double nets), placing the test material, placing 100 coated seeds in each glass dish, and repeating the seeds in each group for 300 granules. 1 group of glassware is placed every 3 meters along the edge of the miscellaneous clustered ridge, 4 groups of glassware are placed in a close fit manner, and a 5cm square iron net is covered on each group of glassware to prevent the field rats from eating the glassware; the test material was placed at 7 pm in the evening, withdrawn at 7 am the following day, and counted after 96 hours.

Cricket feeding rate of table 24 group seeds

Seed numbering	Feeding seeds/grains	Number of remaining seeds	Food intake rate
				Combination 1 treatment	14	286	4.67％
Combination 2 treatment	17	283	5.67％
				Combination 3 treatment	15	285	5.00％
Untreated	229	71	76.33％

As can be seen from table 2, the coated seeds treated with the coating composition had 14, 17, and 15 coated seeds, respectively, and the feeding rate of crickets to the coated seeds was 5.11% on average; under the same conditions, only 71 seeds remained in the 300 control seeds without coating, 229 seeds were taken, and the feeding rate was 76.33%. The coated seeds were 71.22 percentage points higher than uncoated seeds for controlling crickets.

Example 3

The corn of the previous crop of the test field, the sloping field and the medium fertility; the test field was applied with 1500 kg/cm each of ammonium bicarbonate and calcium superphosphate before sowing. The seed treatment comprises the following steps: the coated seeds treated with the coating compositions of examples 1-3 were combined with the seeds not treated with the coating compositions for 4 groups of treated seeds, each group being treated for 3 replicates. The area of each cell is 97 square, the seeding rate of each cell is 60 g of seeds, and the seeds are sowed by drill. And the protective row sections outside the experimental plot are all sown with coated seeds. The population density (number of heads of cricket imagoes per 30 nets) was investigated 7 days after sowing, the rate of emergence of seeds was investigated 10 days after sowing, and the rate of seedling formation of seeds was investigated 30 days after sowing. The results are shown in Table 3, and in FIG. 1.

TABLE 34 survey results of group seeds

Insect population density survey: in the evening of the day of sowing, 8.67 heads of cricket imagoes are averagely arranged in each 30 compound nets of the experimental land, 7 days after sowing, 1.33 heads of cricket imagoes are averagely arranged in each 30 compound nets of the seeds treated by the coating composition, 7 heads of cricket imagoes are arranged in each 30 compound nets of the seeds not treated by the coating composition, and the effect of the coated seeds on controlling the crickets is 84.66 percent.

And (4) seedling emergence investigation: 10 days after sowing, all seeds emerged, and field investigation was carried out on the emergence of the coated seeds and the uncoated control seeds: the average emergence of the coated seeds was 26.39 plants/square meter, while the average emergence of the uncoated control seeds was 7.07 plants/square meter, which was 72.15% higher than the average emergence of the control seeds.

And (3) seedling investigation: 30 days after sowing, the seedlings have 4 leaves and 1 heart, and the seedling formation conditions of the coated seeds and the uncoated control seeds are subjected to field investigation: the average seedling rate of the coated seeds is improved by 83.85 percent compared with the average seedling rate of the control seeds, wherein the average seedling rate of the coated seeds is 25.14 seedlings per square meter, and the average seedling rate of the control seeds is 4.06 seedlings per square meter.

Example 4

Planting the rice of the previous crop of the test, medium fertility; the demonstration area of the coated planting is 7 cm inclined, and the comparison planting of the uncoated seeds is 3 cm inclined; 750kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 750kg of calcium superphosphate are applied to the field before sowing. The seed treatment comprises the following steps: the coated seeds treated with the coating compositions of examples 1 to 6 and the seeds not treated with the coating compositions were combined in 7 groups of treated seeds. The demonstration is specially arranged in a low-humidity field with unsmooth drainage, and aims to examine the anti-waterlogging capacity of the coated seedlings and the uncoated seedlings in a high-humidity environment, so that the anti-damping-off capacity of the coated seedlings in the high-humidity environment and the anti-death (seedling-forming) capacity in autumn rain are determined. Sowing the seeds at a rate of 5 kg/cm, and broadcasting. The seedling rate was investigated 30 days after sowing, and the investigation results are shown in table 4.

TABLE 47 set of seed seedling Rate

And (3) seedling investigation: 30 days after sowing, the seedlings have 4 leaves and 1 heart, and field investigation is carried out on the dead seedling conditions of the coated seeds and the control seeds: sampling 5 points in a chessboard mode in each field, sampling one square meter in each point, and surveying 15 fields respectively: the average number of healthy plants per square meter of the coated seeds is 15.88 plants per square meter, the number of dead plants per square meter is 4.62 plants per square meter, and the seedling death rate of the coated seeds is 22.78 percent; the average number of healthy plants per square meter, dead plants per square meter and the average number of dead seedlings per square meter of uncoated seeds are 4.18, 15.75 and 79.03 percent; the dead seedling rate of the coated seeds is reduced by 56.25 percentage points. The coated seeds have obvious effect of resisting (chemical) seedling death under high humidity condition.

Secondly, as can be seen from table 4, the healthy number of the seeds without thiophanate methyl (combination 5) and without metalaxyl (combination 6) in the seed coating composition is obviously lower than that of the seeds treated by the composition containing both, and the dead number of the seeds is also obviously higher than that of the seeds treated by the composition containing both, so that the thiophanate methyl and the metalaxyl can be mutually synergically sterilized in the seed coating composition containing both, and the seedling resistance of the seeds is further improved.

Example 5

The seeds are 3 years old seeds stored in a normal temperature warehouse, the seed coating agent is self-made, and the seeds are artificially coated. The experimental seed setting treatment comprises the following steps: the coated seeds treated with the coating composition of combination 1 and the seeds not treated with the coating composition in example 1 were treated in 2 groups, 300 seeds were selected for each treatment, and the seeds were placed in a germination box and the germination box and filter paper were sterilized with boiled water, and germinated at room temperature, and 8 ml/box of cold boiled water was added for the first time, and during germination, water was supplied to the box so that the filter paper in the box was saturated with water, and the germination box was turned over without water flowing out.

And (3) counting the dead seedling rate after the mould infection 7 days after the seeds are placed on the disc: the experimental result is shown in figure 2, the coated seeds have an average healthy strain of 248.13 strains/combination, the dead seedlings caused by the fungal infection are 0 strain/combination, and the dead seedling prevention effect of the coated seeds for preventing and treating the fungal infection is 100%. The average number of healthy seeds in the uncoated seeds is 159.74 strains/combination, the number of dead seedlings infected by mold is 116.9 strains/combination, and the average number of dead seedlings infected by mold is 73.18%.

Example 6

Selecting 3 years old seeds for coating, performing productivity demonstration, wherein the inspected object is the seeds stored for 3 years (stored at normal temperature), and the seed treatment comprises the following steps: coated seeds treated with the coating composition of combination 1 and seeds not treated with the coating composition of example 1, for a total of 2 treated seeds, a direct broadcast area of 3.8 acres, drill, i.e.: the coated seeds were sown in 1 row and the uncoated controls in 1 row, at this cycle, the seed rate was 620 g/mu.

And (3) seedling condition investigation: 1 heart of 4 leaves of the seedling is obtained, 15 points are respectively subjected to seedling density investigation by a straight line jumping type distance (2 meters per point) sampling method, 1 square meter per point investigation is carried out, the number of grown seedlings is counted, and the statistics is carried out through the investigation: the coated seeds have 21.78 plants per square meter on average, and the uncoated seeds have only 7.16 plants per square meter on average; the seedlings of the coated seeds are increased by 2.04 times compared with the seedlings of the uncoated seeds.

Randomly taking 30 seedlings of the two treated seedling samples, and performing fresh weight investigation on the stems and leaves of the overground part: as a result: the average fresh weight of seedlings of the coated seeds is 27.32 g/plant, while the average fresh weight of seedlings of the uncoated seeds is only 11.73 g/plant; the average fresh plant weight of seedlings of the coated seeds is 2.33 times of that of seedlings of uncoated seeds, and the main reason for the increase of coated seeds in comparison with CK seedlings is that crickets can not eat any more after the seeds are coated; the coated seeds are big and strong, and play a role in the nutrient elements and cell activators in the seed coating agent.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed coating composition, comprising a) an active ingredient and b) a film-forming agent, wherein the a) active ingredient is: the pesticide comprises fipronil, the bactericide comprises thiophanate methyl and metalaxyl, and the growth regulator comprises Aiduoshou.

2. The seed coating composition of claim 1, wherein the trace element fertilizer is boric acid and zinc sulfate.

3. The seed coating composition of claim 1, wherein the b) film forming agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, collagen, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, and polyacrylamide.

4. The seed coating composition according to claim 3, wherein the fipronil, thiophanate methyl, metalaxyl, Aiduoshou, boric acid and zinc sulfate are present in a weight ratio of (2-5): (1-2): (1-3): (2-5): 3:1.

5. The seed coating composition of claim 4, wherein the fipronil, thiophanate methyl, metalaxyl, Aiduoshou, boric acid and zinc sulfate are present in a weight ratio of 2: 1: 2: 2: 3:1.

6. A method of preparing a seed coating composition according to any one of claims 3 to 5, comprising the steps of:

7. Use of a seed coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for controlling or inhibiting plant pathogens, for preventing infection by plant pathogens, or for protecting materials against attack damage by harmful microorganisms.

8. A method for controlling, inhibiting or preventing infection by pathogens, characterized in that the pathogen, its habitat or the plant to be protected or the soil or propagation material is treated with an effective amount of a composition according to any of claims 1 to 5.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the plant or propagation material is a crucifer.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the plant or propagation material is rape or cabbage or radish.