CN110122170A - A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick - Google Patents
A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122170A CN110122170A CN201910453985.6A CN201910453985A CN110122170A CN 110122170 A CN110122170 A CN 110122170A CN 201910453985 A CN201910453985 A CN 201910453985A CN 110122170 A CN110122170 A CN 110122170A
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- hickory chick
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the methods of a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick, include the steps that a selection hickory chick strain；One the step of preparing nutrient bag；The step of one selection is with processing cultivation matrix；The step of one preparation cultivation basket；The step of one sowing and earthing；The step of one cultural hypha management；The step of one management of producing mushroom.The problems such as present invention solves the season limitation of hickory chick production, cultivates food safety and unstable yield.Cultural hypha and management of producing mushroom of the invention is carried out in identical cultivation basket, and production fussy degree and cost are reduced.The present invention prewets stalk etc. as Main Cultivation matrix using pretreated soil and collocation, anniversary cultivation technique is fully achieved using batch production condition, breach the limitation of weather and season cultivation, with the three-dimensional anniversary can produce, the yield of unit area is significantly improved, it is simple to operate, reduce labor intensity, and fruiting safety, can obtain the hickory chick product of a kind of safety and fresh deliciousness throughout the year.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of food, it is related to production technology more particularly to the hickory chick of a kind of edible and medical fungi, specifically
It is the method for a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick.
Background technique
Hickory chick is a kind of rare food and medicament dual-purpose fungi, is gained the name because of its cap surface irregularity, shape such as sheep tripe.It belongs to
In Ascomycotina (Ascomytina), Ascomycetes (Discomycetes), cup fungi (Pezizales), Morchellaceae
(Morchellaceae), morchella (Morchella).Hickory chick is foremost deliciousness edible mushroom, taste in sac fungus
Delicious, fragrance is unique, and nutrition is quite abundant.Three big nutrient measurements show: protein content 20.5%；Crude fat content is
3.82%, it is made of four kinds of fatty acid, Linoleic acid 56.0%, oleic acid 28.4%, stearic acid 2.02%, palmitic acid
13.54%, unsaturated fatty acid is dominant.Containing 19 kinds of amino acid, wherein 8 kinds of amino acid needed by human account for total weight
47.47%.Hickory chick at least contains 8 kinds of vitamins: vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin,
Folic acid etc..Hickory chick contains a large amount of mineral elements needed by human, and every hectogram dry sample potassium, phosphorus content are 7 times and 4 of cordyceps sinensis
Times, the content of zinc is 4.3 times of mushroom, 4 times of hedgehog hydnum；The content of iron is 31 times of mushroom, 12 times of hedgehog hydnum.Therefore, quilt
It is considered " very good protein source ", and has the laudatory title of " meat or fish in element ", often it is referred to as one of " healthy food " in the world.
Meanwhile hickory chick also has enhancing immunity of organisms, antifatigue, antiviral, inhibition tumour and Bearberry Extract, has very heavy
The medical value wanted.
Currently, hickory chick realizes the field production mode of scale at home, but due to be limited by temperature, snow disaster,
The influences such as the Climate and Environment Variations such as wind-force and land resource are unstable, are easy to cause the underproduction and total crop failure, yield is actively unstable.Together
When, the insecurity factor of soil and water quality also can propose sternness to the foodsafety of the mode of hickory chick crop field traditional cultivation
Challenge.In addition, the period of hickory chick field production mode is long, can only be planted every year according to season temperature change, often
One batch can only be planted year, and the time cycle generally requires 5-6 months, causes hickory chick production unstable always, and due to
It is directly seeded into the matrix such as outdoor soil, it is also very big to often lead to food safety risk.Therefore, hickory chick is carried out efficient
Factory culture production research and development need in a hurry.Therefore, developing a kind of efficient industrial cultivation technique of hickory chick is
Very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick, this Kuang Shi factory
The period that the method for change cultivation hickory chick will solve field production hickory chick in the prior art is long, season limitation, cultivation
Food safety and the unstable technical problem of yield.
The present invention provides the methods of a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick, include the following steps:
1) the step of selection bacterial strain: selection adaptation is strong, character is stable, stable yield, period are short, it is solid readily
Hickory chick bacterial strain；
2) prepare nutrient bag the step of: the culture substrate in the nutrient bag is made of wheat and sawdust, described
Wheat and sawdust mass ratio be 50-80:20-50.
3) one select with the step of processing cultivation matrix: select deep ploughing that soil is rice field native or fertile soil, progress
It is exposed to the sun, quick lime is then added and carries out disinfection processing, controls the pH value of soil between 6.5-7.5, then carry out air-dried processing, most
After crushed；It is mixed again with ferment pretreated rice straw, Wheat Straw or cotton seed hulls, soil and fermentation pre-process
The mass ratio of rear rice straw, Wheat Straw or cotton seed hulls is 60-90:10-40.
4) the step of preparation cultivation basket: selecting volume for 10 liters -60 liters of cultivation basket, and step 3) is obtained
Cultivation matrix is transported in cultivation basket, and is filled, and makes cultivation matrix filling uniform, and charge level is neat, cultivation matrix
Stromal thickness be 18-25 centimetres, then carry out spraying humidification, cultivation matrix humidity allowed to reach 50-65%；
5) sowing and the step of earthing: the hickory chick cultivar of step 1) is broken into 2-3 centimetres big small bacteria block, uniformly
It is sown in the cultivation matrix charge level of step 4) cultivation basket, then uses black mulch film after finishing kind with a thickness of 2-4cm with soil covering
On culture underglass basket；
6) the step of cultural hypha management: it is 65-85%, cultural hypha that mycelia bacterium germination culture period, which keeps space humidity,
Temperature setting between 8-18 degree, CO2Concentration is less than 3000ppm, is protected from light culture 15-25 days, after producing strains are white, places in time
The nutrient bag of step 2), cultural hypha, by temperature control in 8-18 degree, humid control 70-90%；
7) the step of management of producing mushroom: after cultural hypha 30-45 days, turning yellow to mycelia, by cultivation fertility room
Humidity is adjusted to 90-100%, and illumination is opened, and daily illumination 10-16 hours, intensity of illumination 200-600lux, CO2Concentration is small
In 3000ppm, during fructification production, the humidity for reducing cultivation fertility room is 80-90%, keeps cultivation matrix soil
Humidity is 60-80%, increases cultivation fertility chamber ventilated rate of ventilation, temperature is improved to 10-18 degree, using 15-25
It, can harvest after the long maturation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore.
Further, the hickory chick strain is hickory chick t bacteria 11.
Further, the water content of cultivation matrix described in step 3) is 50-70%.
Further, illumination methods described in step 7) are that light belt, general is arranged above fertility room fruiting bedstead
Logical fluorescent lamp or LED light.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its technical effect is that actively and apparent.
(1) solid spawn production provided by the invention is simple, and the quality of solid spawn is reliable and stable, fruiting effect
It is good.
(2) mode of culture provided by the invention and fruiting is all identical cultivation basket, and hickory chick factory culture is allowed to add
It is convenient and simple, and the advanced warm and humid control equipment progress cultural hypha of application and fruiting cultivating and managing, allow the batch production of hickory chick
It is simpler efficient.
(3) the good suitable strain variety of hickory chick provided by the invention and batch production basket formula cultivation technology method are complete
Industrialized production is realized, anniversaryization is cultivated, and using soil and stalk, cotton seed hulls etc. as Main Cultivation matrix, accurately
Temperature and humidity and oxygen concentration are controlled, is not influenced by the external environment factor, the fructification product of hickory chick stalwartness, food peace are obtained
It is complete reliable, the fresh hickory chick of year-round supply, and may insure that hickory chick is given stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging.
(4) cultural hypha of the invention and management of producing mushroom are carried out in identical cultivation basket, are reduced and are produced cumbersome journey
Degree and cost.The present invention prewets stalk etc. as Main Cultivation matrix using pretreated soil and collocation, utilizes batch production item
Part fully achieves anniversary cultivation technique, breaches the limitation of weather and season cultivation, with the anniversary can produce, grasps
Make simple and convenient, reduction labor intensity, and fruiting safety, the hickory chick that can obtain a kind of safety and fresh deliciousness throughout the year produce
Product.
(5) indoor basket formula fruiting mode is given birth in batch production of the invention, can effectively reduce hickory chick by extraneous gas
The influence of environment is waited, and reaches fruiting and stablizes, shortens the period, anniversary continuous the factorial production may be implemented, may advantageously facilitate
The iteration of hickory chick industry develops.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of further understanding the present invention, specific embodiment is enumerated below to a kind of basket of formula work provided by the invention
The method of factoryization cultivation hickory chick is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of bacterial strain: selection adaptation is strong, character is stable, yield is more stable, the period is short, solid easy, relatively more suitable
The hickory chick bacterial strain preferably cultivated under the conditions of batch production, the bacterial strain that the present embodiment is selected are hickory chick bacterial strain T8, are commercial product,
Purchase is from Suizhou sea Bacteria Co., Ltd., and the performance characteristic of cultivation strain: uniformly, mycelia is intensively pure white, sturdy for mycelia growth.
(2) prepare nutrient bag the step of: the culture substrate of nutrient bag of the present invention is made of wheat and sawdust, described
The dry mass of wheat and sawdust accounts for 60% and 40% respectively.
(3) selection and processing of cultivation matrix: the deep ploughing soil in good paddy soils, especially rice field is selected, when carrying out long
Between be exposed to the sun desinsection processing, and quick lime is added and carries out disinfection processing, while monitoring the pH value of soil matrix, controlling it is 7.2, into
Row air-dries processing and crushes.It is mixed again with ferment pretreated rice straw, Wheat Straw or cotton seed hulls, soil and hair
The mass ratio of the pretreated rice straw of ferment, Wheat Straw or cotton seed hulls is respectively 90% and 10%.
(4) selection and application of cultivation basket: the cultivation basket of selection volume 30 liters (600*396*182), it will be obtained by step (3)
To soil be transported in bedstead, and be filled, allowing cultivation matrix filling, uniformly and charge level is neat, the matrix of soil
Thickness are as follows: 18 centimetres.Soil is placed into bedstead, and carries out spraying humidification, soil moisture is allowed to reach 50-65%.
(5) sowing and earthing: the cultivar made uniformly is broadcasted sowing, hickory chick cultivar is broken into 2-3 lis
The big small bacteria block of rice, uniform broadcasting is in cultivation matrix charge level, and then with soil covering, thickness is about 3cm.Black mulch film is used after finishing kind
It is covered in cultivation basket, with heat and moisture preserving, and prevents strong light direct beam.
(6) cultural hypha: mycelia bacterium germination culture period makes soil moisture by the humidity and increase spray pattern of regulation mushroom house
For 65-75%, the temperature of mushroom house and soil controls the CO between 10-15 degree2Concentration is less than 3000ppm.The conidium of mycelia
It produces, i.e., after producing strains frost, places in time using wheat as the nutrient bag of main matrix.
(7) management of producing mushroom: using 30-45 days cultural hyphas, mycelia color burn increased fertility room humidity to 90-
100%, and keep the humidity of cultivation matrix charge level higher, illumination is opened, 10-12 hours daily, intensity of illumination 200-
600lux.During fructification production, the humidity for reducing fertility room is 85%, and keeping the humidity of cultivation matrix soil is 75%,
Temperature is improved, is controlled in 15-18 degree, by 15-25 days, can be harvested after Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore length is mature.
Using the hickory chick comparison sheet of basket formula factory culture of the present invention and common greenhouse gardening
The above, only specific embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, patent protection model of the invention
It encloses and is subject to claims, it is all to be improved using any form made by specification of the invention, belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick, characterized by the following steps:
1) the step of selection bacterial strain: selection adaptation is strong, character is stable, stable yield, period are short, solid easy sheep tripe
Bacteria strain；
2) prepare nutrient bag the step of: the culture substrate in the nutrient bag is made of wheat and sawdust, the wheat
The mass ratio of grain and sawdust is 50-80:20-50.
3) select with processing cultivation matrix the step of: select soil for the deep ploughing in rice field is native or fertile soil, is exposed to the sun,
Then quick lime is added to carry out disinfection processing, controls the pH value of soil between 6.5-7.5, then carries out air-dried processing, it is most laggard
Row crushes；It is mixed again with ferment pretreated rice straw, Wheat Straw or cotton seed hulls, soil and fermentation are pretreated
The mass ratio of rice straw, Wheat Straw or cotton seed hulls is 60-90:10-40.
4) the step of preparation cultivation basket: select volume for 10 liters -60 liters of cultivation basket, by the obtained cultivation of step 3)
Matrix is transported in cultivation basket, and is filled, and makes cultivation matrix filling uniform, and charge level is neat, the base of cultivation matrix
Then matter carries out spraying humidification with a thickness of 18-25 centimetres, cultivation matrix humidity is allowed to reach 50-65%；
5) the hickory chick cultivar of step 1) sowing and the step of earthing: is broken into 2-3 centimetres big small bacteria block, uniform broadcasting
In the cultivation matrix charge level of step 4) cultivation basket, black film mulching then is used after finishing kind with a thickness of 2-4cm with soil covering
In cultivation basket；
6) the step of cultural hypha management: it is 65-85%, the temperature of cultural hypha that mycelia bacterium germination culture period, which keeps space humidity,
Degree is set as between 8-18 degree, CO2Concentration is less than 3000ppm, is protected from light culture 15-25 days and places step in time after producing strains are white
2) nutrient bag, cultural hypha, by temperature control in 8-18 degree, humid control 70-90%；
7) the step of management of producing mushroom: after cultural hypha 30-45 days, turning yellow to mycelia, by the humidity of cultivation fertility room
It is adjusted to 90-100%, illumination is opened, daily illumination 10-16 hours, intensity of illumination 200-600lux, CO2Concentration is less than
3000ppm, during fructification production, the humidity for reducing cultivation fertility room is 80-90%, keeps the wet of cultivation matrix soil
Degree is 60-80%, increases cultivation fertility chamber ventilated rate of ventilation, temperature is improved to 10-18 degree, using 15-25 days,
It can be harvested after the long maturation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore.
2. the method for a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sheep tripe
Bacterium strain is hickory chick t bacteria 11.
3. the method for a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3) is described
Cultivation matrix water content be 50-70%.
4. the method for a kind of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 7) is described
Illumination methods be that light belt, common fluorescent lamp or LED light are set above fertility room fruiting bedstead.
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| CN201910453985.6A CN110122170A (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
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| CN201910453985.6A CN110122170A (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111527985A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | Basket-type soil-shifting morchella cultivation method |
| CN113973643A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil |
| CN114303791A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-12 | 广西民族师范学院 | Nutrient bag-free industrial cultivation method for morchella esculenta |
| CN114532153A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-27 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Open type low-cost Morchella esculenta seed production method based on aged wheat grains |
| CN114946527A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-08-30 | 成都农业科技职业学院 | Method for industrially cultivating morchella |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111527985A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | Basket-type soil-shifting morchella cultivation method |
| CN114946527A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-08-30 | 成都农业科技职业学院 | Method for industrially cultivating morchella |
| CN113973643A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil |
| CN114532153A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-27 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Open type low-cost Morchella esculenta seed production method based on aged wheat grains |
| CN114532153B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-01-17 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Open type low-cost Morchella esculenta seed production method based on aged wheat grains |
| CN114303791A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-12 | 广西民族师范学院 | Nutrient bag-free industrial cultivation method for morchella esculenta |
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