CN110121443A

CN110121443A - Battery swap system and method

Info

Publication number: CN110121443A
Application number: CN201780075826.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舍唐·库马尔·马伊尼; 普拉卡什·拉玛拉贾; 亚拉文·萨帕库马兰; 沙特卢达·辛格·库施瓦哈
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-12-07
Filing date: 2017-12-07
Publication date: 2019-08-13
Also published as: CN110087937A; WO2018104966A1; WO2018104965A1

Abstract

Battery swap system and method.Embodiment herein discloses can be in the method and system of switching station communicating battery module, and wherein switching station can provide a user battery module based on Multiple factors, and Multiple factors include weather parameters, battery module application, user behavior etc..Embodiment herein discloses the application being present on user equipment, which allows users to be connected to switching station, and wherein the application provides information to switching station, this will enable switching station determine at least one suitable battery module for user.Embodiment herein discloses the method and system of the application of the second service life for managing battery module.

Description

Battery swap system and method

Cross reference to related applications

The application based on and the equity of India's provisional application 201641041860 submitted derived from December 7th, 2016, Its content is bonded to herein by reference.

Technical field

Embodiments disclosed herein is related to rechargeable battery, and more particularly relates to the exchange of rechargeable battery System and method.

Background technique

With to reliable in various applications and the demand of the believable energy increase, the storage of electric energy and using becoming more next It is more important.This already leads to the increase that battery uses in various transports and stationary applications.

The designer of transport and energy-storage system usually requires to select from various batteries.Due to there is no professional standard, The time that this normally results in the selection specific to each application, assessment, detailed design and verifying is very long.Also need it is nervous and The particular job of customization, with to be each using generalities, building and the electronic management system for examining these batteries.If necessary into The change of one step, the then exploitation of the customization require to normally result in unaffordable product and introduce delay and further huge Delay.

In the presence of for transporting and multiple systems of the energy stores of stationary applications.Most of in these systems be specific Using with set up meter depending on platform.It is such customization implement be related to design, verifying and deployment phase anxiety and concentrate Work, and form the pith of entire product design and implementation cycle.Required any change all will lead to great weight Work newly developed, and have an adverse effect to product design and implementation time.

Other major issues of battery power supply system first is that tradeoff between the number of batteries and cost used.Electronic In vehicle, this can be used as tradeoff-mileage travelled between mileage travelled and vehicle price and vehicle price and both will affect The adaptability of electric vehicle.If " large-scale vehicle-mounted " battery also influences vehicle " availability ", the charging time for needing to grow very much.This " availability " problem of sample has an adverse effect to the adaptability of the electric vehicle in " public " commuting application.

Multiple solutions have proposed and have implemented " battery swap " system, to avoid with large-scale vehicle-mounted storage and fill The problem of electric time correlation joins.Most of in these exchange systems all exist such as " platform is specific " and lack it is cross-platform and The portable problem of application.

Summary of the invention

The main target of embodiments disclosed herein be disclose can switching station communicating battery module method and System, wherein switching station can provide a user battery module based on Multiple factors, and Multiple factors include weather parameters, battery mould Block application, user behavior etc..

It is a further object of this invention to disclose the application being present on user equipment, which allows users to connect To switching station, wherein this application to switching station provide information, this will enable switching station be user determine at least one properly Battery module.

It is a further object of this invention to disclose the method and system of the second service life application for managing battery module.

When combining the following description and drawings to consider, these and other of embodiment herein will be better appreciated and understood Aspect.Although indicating at least one embodiment and its many details it should be understood, however, that being described below, lead to Way of illustration and not limitation is crossed to provide.In the case where without departing from its spirit, can in the range of embodiment here into Row many changes and modifications, and embodiment herein includes all such modifications.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment herein is shown in the attached drawings, wherein identical appended drawing reference indicates the correspondence portion in various attached drawings Point.Embodiment herein is better understood with from the description below with reference to attached drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 a shows the switching station according to embodiments disclosed herein, switching station be connected at least one energy, Power grid, at least one user, at least one battery module, at least one user equipment and application server；

Fig. 1 b shows the switching station according to embodiments disclosed herein；

Fig. 1 c and 1d show the switching station according to embodiments disclosed herein, which, which comes from and go to, deposits It is the feeding power of the battery in docking module；

Fig. 2 a shows the docking module according to embodiments disclosed herein；

Fig. 2 b shows the system according to embodiments disclosed herein, and wherein DCU is connected to multiple chargers and depressed place；

Fig. 2 c is shown according to the multiple chargers for being connected to DCU of embodiments disclosed herein and depressed place；

Fig. 3 a and 3b show the AS according to embodiments disclosed herein；

Fig. 4 shows the exemplary scene according to embodiments disclosed herein, and wherein battery module is used in vehicle；

Fig. 5 is that vehicle and battery are carried out to the example flow of matched processing according to showing for embodiments disclosed herein Figure；

Fig. 6 is the flow chart according to the processing for showing progress battery adjusting of embodiments disclosed herein；And

Fig. 7 shows the exemplary scene applied according to the second service life of the battery module of embodiments disclosed herein.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the non-limiting embodiment for being shown and being described in the following description in the accompanying drawings, embodiment herein And its various features and Advantageous details are more fully explained.The description of well-known component and processing technique is omitted, with Exempt from unnecessarily to obscure embodiment herein.Example as used herein is intended merely to facilitate the embodiment that understands and can practice herein Mode, and further such that those skilled in the art can practice embodiment herein.Therefore, example should not be explained For the range for limiting embodiment herein.

Embodiment herein discloses can be in the method and system of switching station communicating battery module, and wherein switching station can be with Battery module is provided a user based on Multiple factors, Multiple factors include weather parameters, battery module application, user behavior etc.. Referring now to the drawings, and referring more specifically to Fig. 1 to 7, wherein similar appended drawing reference is always shown pair throughout the drawings The feature answered, shows embodiment.

Vehicle disclosed herein can be any vehicle using at least one for the battery of propulsion, all pure electricity in this way Motor-car, hybrid vehicle etc..The example of vehicle can be but not limited to automobile, bicycle, scooter, lorry, truck, public affairs Automobile etc. altogether.

Embodiment herein discloses can be in the method and system of switching station communicating battery module, and wherein switching station can be with Battery module is provided a user based on Multiple factors, Multiple factors include weather parameters, battery module application, user behavior etc..

Embodiment herein discloses the application being present on user equipment, which allows users to be connected to exchange Stand, wherein the application provides information to switching station, this will enable switching station determine at least one suitable battery for user Particular adjustments needed for module and determining module.

Embodiment herein discloses the method and system of the application of the second service life for managing battery module.

Fig. 1, which is shown, is connected at least one energy, power grid, at least one user, at least one battery module, at least The switching station of one user equipment and application server.Switching station 101 may include multiple docking modules 103, wherein battery module 102 can be docked in docking module 103, for charging and/or adjusting.Docking module 103 can receive that there are different uses to go through The battery module of history, and electrical adjusting (charging) and thermal conditioning specific to each use demand are provided.Embodiment herein Term " docking module " and " depressed place " is interchangeably used, and term herein all refers to docking module 103.Battery module 102 can be with It is configured for using in the various transports of energy stores and non-transport application.Battery module 102 may include for answering With the mechanism easily exchanged between switching station 101.In embodiment here, switching station 101 can be provided back energy Power grid.

User equipment 104 can be communicated with switching station 101.User equipment 104 can be mobile phone, intelligence electricity Words, tablet computer, wearable computing devices, onboard control console, computer, laptop computer are able to carry out such place At least one of any other equipment of disclosed function.Switching station 101 and user equipment 104 can be used suitable wireless Communication mode is communicated, all Wi-Fi in this way, cellular network, bluetooth, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) etc..User equipment 104 and friendship Change station 101 between communication may include at least one of the following: information related at least one battery module 102, with Battery module is using related information, information related with the environment that application is used (for example, if just using in the car Battery module 101 is then vehicle data), use pattern (if just in the car use battery module 101, use pattern can To be the use pattern of vehicle), (wherein state may include such as temperature, SOC, SOH, imbalance for the state of battery module 101 (if any) the information such as), with authenticate related information etc..User equipment 104 can also be with application server (AS) 105 It is communicated.Communication between user equipment 104 and AS 105 may include at least one of the following: at least one battery The related information of module 102 applies related information, information related with the environment that application is used etc. with battery module. User equipment 104 can also carry out authentication function.As disclosed above in embodiment here, user equipment 104 can be with Application including carrying out communication and other function.

User equipment 104 can collect the data about host equipment and application.User equipment 104 can provide a user Alarm, all chargings urgent in this way, error code and other adjustings require.User equipment 104 can with the network of switching station 101 into Row communication, and in the position at the station near informing the user, each station state/availability of suitable replacement module and It can be used for reaching the capacity (if host equipment is vehicle) at each of these stations station in vehicle.If desired, for using Condition for peace is wanted at family, and user equipment 104 can direct the user to most suitable switching station.Once destination, user equipment 104 can start when user inputs with the dialogue specifically stood, transmit and exchange/request of adjusting and also verify this and ask It asks.User equipment 104 can also promote charging and payment transaction with certification appropriate.

In embodiment here, battery module 102 can be subscribed using the user of user equipment 104, providing user can With the time of the position of the switching station 101 of communicating battery module 102 and communicating battery module 102.In embodiment here, make Battery module 102 can be subscribed with the user of user equipment 104, wherein user equipment 104 can be based on such as application requirement, use Route that family is taken (if using being for vehicle), battery module 102 SOC etc. Multiple factors, to determine that user can be with The position of the switching station 101 of communicating battery module 102 and the time of communicating battery module 102.In embodiment here, user Equipment 104 can automatically subscribe battery module 102, and wherein user equipment 104 can be taken based on such as application requirement, user Route (if using be for vehicle), battery module 102 SOC etc. Multiple factors, to determine that user can exchange electricity The position of the switching station 101 of pond module 102 and the time of communicating battery module 102.

Fig. 1 b shows switching station.Switching station 101 can receive electric power from least one energy, at least one energy is such as It is power distribution network, solar array, diesel-driven generator, battery pack or other renewable energy.As shown, switching station 101 include analysis engine 106, multiple docking modules 103, memory 107 and at least one communication interface 108.

Communication interface 108 enables switching station 101 to engage at least one external entity, and with outside at least one Portion's entity carries out two-way communication, at least one external entity all host system, battery module 102, docking module 103 and user in this way Equipment 104.Communication interface 108 may include at least one of wired communication interface or wireless communication interface.Communication interface 108 Such as CAN (controller LAN), Zigbee, Wi-Fi, bluetooth, NFC (near-field communication), honeycomb, satellite, electric power can be used The agreement of line or any other suitable standard, agreement can be passively or active.Communication interface 108 can also include Authentication mode is to ensure information security, all two-way authentication mechanisms in this way of authentication mode.

Memory 108 can be local storage, all RAM (random access memory) in this way or ROM (read-only memory) At least one of.Memory 108 can be at least one of file server, data server, cloud or database.

Analysis engine 106 can track the battery module in each docking module 103 preparation state and (one or more It is a) battery module is to the adaptability of each application/platform requirement.Analysis engine 106 can collect data.Analysis engine 106 can To analyze data in real time.According to analysis, as determined by immediate data and historical data, analysis engine 106 can be determined often The use pattern of a vehicle and energy storage device, the history of each battery module, the specific battery module of each host equipment Adaptability and the particular adjustments that are subjected to of each module.

Using determining information, analysis engine 106 can be ready handing over receiving user from user and/or user equipment When changing the hint that station swaps, the electricity for the particular adjustments that picked up by user after storing used battery module is identified Pond module.Analysis engine 106 can suggest that the alternative module for being suitable for application, alternative module have different performance parameter and difference It does not fix a price.User equipment 104 can be used by this notice to user in analysis engine 106.Analysis engine 106 can carry out at When function authenticates, automatically unlocks particular module and user is used.

When detecting that battery module 102 is approaching station 101, analysis engine 101 establishes battery module 102 and station 101 Between communication.It stands and 101 by user equipment or directly starts and to shake hands with battery module 102 come automatically checking request. 101 (from memory 107 or AS 105) that stand collect information, the type and configuration, particular battery of all battery modules 102 in this way of information Charging profile (limitation of all voltage, electric current, temperature in this way), host equipment use history (including such as use pattern, pressure The parameter of power overview etc.) and Weather information (temperature, humidity, information from environmental sensor etc.).When battery module is filled When being downloaded in docking module 103, standing 101 is also communicated with module 103, with collect about parameter current group information (all in this way Charged state, temperature, functional status, internal resistance), storage entire service life data and corresponding timestamp (packet Include temperature, voltage, electric current, SOC (charged state), SOH (health status), drive cycle mode etc.).Use all these numbers Calculate required adjusting output according to, analysis engine 106, all voltage in this way, charged state, temperature etc..Analysis engine 106 can be with base Determine this point in reference data, the reference data can be used for certain types of battery and for optimum performance and Service life is optimized.Analysis engine 106 is also based on the prediction of the energy obtained by the renewable energy during charging (under applicable circumstances), Lai Pingheng is from the extracted energy of at least one energy.Analysis engine 106 can be further calculated and be wanted It is applied to the voltage, electric current and heating/cooling limitation of module 103.

Analysis engine 106 is also based on adaptability to host equipment of particular adjustments that battery module has been subjected to, electricity The characteristic (for example, energy content, electric power delivery capacity) in pond is carried out suggestion using the information of collection and has been adjusted to the adaptability of application The battery module of section is for replacing.

Analysis engine 106 can will be connect from least one of docking module 103, battery module 102 and user equipment 104 The information of receipts is supplied to AS 105.Determining factor can be supplied to AS 105 by analysis engine 106.Analysis engine 106 can be with Information is received from AS 105, and received information is stored in memory 107.Analysis engine 106 can be by the letter of storage Breath is for determining processing.

In embodiment here, switching station 101 can exchange information with other switching stations directly or through AS 105.

In embodiment here, switching station 101 can be from being stored at least one battery present in docking module 103 Energy in module 102 provides electric power at least one load for being connected to switching station 101.In embodiment here, hand over Electric power can be provided to power grid from the energy being stored in battery module 102 by changing station 101.Analysis engine 106 can be based on all As in one day time, using time, the factor of the availability of rate structure (if any) and excess power, to manage electricity The direction of power transfer.

Analysis engine 106 can carry out power management capabilities, and such as management goes to switching station 101 and from switching station 101 Bi-directional electric power stream (as shown in figures ic and id).Fig. 1 c shows the multiple energy powered to inverter 111 (all in this way but not It is limited to power grid, alternative energy source etc.), inverter 111 can pass through switch 110 (it is controlled by charger 109) and 103 quilt of docking module It is connected to multiple battery modules 102.

Analysis engine 106 can be based on Multiple factors, provide the energy of storage from battery module to power grid, Multiple factors are all In this way date/time, the electricity availability in power grid, the electric power being stored in battery module present in station 101, from replacing Availability, the demand to battery module of electric power etc. of Dai Yuan (all solar energy in this way, wind energy etc.).Fig. 1 d is shown by two-way Converter 112 is supplied to the electric power of power grid.

Analysis engine 106 can also charge rate, in terms of each docking module of management.This can be based on such as The factor of availability, the date and time of demand, electric power to battery module etc..Analysis engine 106 can be tested and be examined Disconnected function, to test at least one of docking module, battery, charger, inverter, power grid, other energy etc..Diagnosis can wrap Include the reduction (all internal resistances in this way, temperature increase etc.) for carrying out the high electric discharge of battery pack to check performance.Analysis engine 106 is also Battery discharge can be carried out to check capacity, wherein discharge cell can be in resistance, electronic device or two-way power grid at least One.

In embodiment here, switching station 101 may include at least one thermal element.It is such as signified by analysis engine 106 Show, battery can be heated or cooled to required level by thermal element.It is cooling that thermal element can be heater, thermoelectricity, air At least one of system, hot sheath etc..Thermal element can be used to the appearance of cooling/heating module and/or switching station 101 Then cooling/heating single battery is to maintain correct temperature for the outer surface of face, module and/or switching station 101, or via straight It contacts (conduction).

If station loses electric power, analysis engine 106 can convey energy for battery to charge to one or more units.Example Such as, if most of batteries are electrically charged 50%, a half-cell can provide energy for another half-cell, to ensure at least 50% Battery be fully charged.

In embodiment here, switching station 101 can be static in some position.In embodiment here, switching station 101 can be movement station, and wherein switching station 101 is located in vehicle.

Fig. 2 a shows docking module.As shown, docking module 103 includes docking control unit (DCU) 201, docking machine Structure 202, charger 203, at least one communication interface 204, memory 205, thermal management unit (TMU) 206 and thermal element 207.

Docking mechanism 202 ensures the connection with battery module 102.Docking mechanism 202 can be mechanical, electrical or electromechanical machine At least one of structure.Docking mechanism 202 can be manual system (wherein user manually from docking module 103 remove battery), At least one of automanual system or automatic system.Docking mechanism 202 can be can be used across application and the general of working platform Interface.In embodiment here, docking mechanism 202 may include lock connect to ensure safety, wherein can by manually or The certification authority remotely operated (based on the instruction from switching station 101 and/or from user and/or user equipment 104) is grasped It locks.

Communication interface 204 enables docking module 103 to engage at least one external entity, and with outside at least one Portion's entity carries out two-way communication, external entity all host system, battery module 102, switching station 101 and user equipment 104 in this way. Communication interface 204 may include at least one of wired communication interface or wireless communication interface.Communication interface 204 can be used Such as CAN (controller LAN), Zigbee, Wi-Fi, bluetooth, NFC (near-field communication), honeycomb, satellite, power line are appointed The what agreement of his suitable standard, the agreement can be passively or active.Communication interface 204 can be flexibly, with Just different data structure needed for adapting to different battery modules 102.Communication interface 204 can also be comprising authentication mode to ensure letter Breath safety, all two-way authentication mechanisms in this way of authentication mode.

Memory 205 can be at least one of RAM (random access memory) or ROM (read-only memory).Storage Device 205 may include from the 102 received information of institute of battery module.Information may include the service life of battery, all uses in this way Whole/part circulation number, temperature, electric current and voltage condition during use, the electric discharge during charged/discharged circulation are deep DC (direct current) resistance and impedance value of degree and charge level and battery.Memory 205 may include being received from switching station 101 Information, the type etc. of adjusting needed for all particular modules in this way.

DCU 201 can be to be added to the new battery of each of switching station 101 to carry out on-board processing.This can be related to such as Prepare battery, to battery-allocated unique identification mode (ID), special entity etc. is mapped to battery-allocated security key, by battery The step of.

DCU 201 can each battery-allocated dynamic key into switching station, wherein dynamic key may include identification Battery, switching station, the identifier that vehicle of battery etc. will be used.When every primary cell is assigned to vehicle, DCU 201 can be to Battery 102 distributes new dynamic key.It is charging to the battery in switching station or battery 102 is enabled to supply electric power to vehicle Before, dynamic key can be used by AS 105, for authenticating.

DCU 201 can determine the state and use of battery module 102 present in docking module 103, specific to establish Charging profile and thermal conditioning overview.DCU 201 can control charger 203, so that charger 203 can be to battery module 102 provide the charging profile of customization.Charger 203 can receive electric power from least one energy, at least one energy is all in this way Power distribution network, solar battery array, diesel-driven generator, battery pack or other renewable energy.Charging profile may include filling Type, charging current/voltage value, the limitation of charging voltage/temperature, the required heating/cooling etc. of electricity.Charging profile can be The remaining SOC of temperature, battery based on such as battery, the SOH of battery, to needed for battery/energy demand, battery charging when Between, the factor of the adjusting etc. of customization.Charging profile may include revisable charge rate.If it is known that demand is lower, then DCU 201 can slowly charge to battery, because of their last longers.If it is known that the cost of energy in 1 hour is lower, then DCU 201 can be with quick charge.Charging profile can be considered balance and require to correct each monomer in module during use Any imbalance that may be had been developed that between battery.DCU 201 can specified conditions, host based on such as battery set Standby, host equipment user, the use pattern in each specific application, weather condition, particular module/group historical behavior and can With electric power (depending on time, unit cost etc.) because usually determining charging profile.At least one electricity can be used in DCU 201 Battery one at a time or is simultaneously filled using one or more electric connectors 207 based on determining charging profile in source Electricity.The example for the power supply that can be used to charge to battery can be but not limited to power grid, alternative energy source (all solar energy in this way, Wind etc.), other batteries present in switching station 101 etc..

DCU 201 can on battery module 102 operational diagnostics.Diagnosis may include carrying out the high electric discharge of battery pack to examine Look into the reduction (all internal resistances in this way, temperature increase etc.) of performance.DCU 201 can also carry out battery discharge to check capacity, Wherein discharge cell can be at least one of resistance, electronic device or two-way power grid.

DCU 201 can carry out safety and authentication function.User equipment can be used to authenticate user in DCU 201.DCU 201 can authenticate battery module, and can also check whether battery module 201 and user are in match with one another.

In embodiment here, docking module 103 can have temperature control mode, and temperature control mode includes TMU 206 and thermal element 207.Temperature control mode may include made of heater, phase-change material and/or thermoelectric device heating and Cooling body, or with can set temperature overview outside liquid or air cool and heat.

DCU 201 can be by the combination of such as factor of vehicle use pattern, weather conditions and optimum operating temperature Each module/group determining required thermal conditioning, to ensure maximum throughput.In this example, if it is desired to which vehicle is during operation Heat battery, and weather condition is awfully hot, then DCU 201 will " pre-cooling " battery to the level for optimizing performance.In another example In son, in the case where extreme cold condition, it is contemplated that weather and the temperature change applied by driving cycle, it can be by battery It is preheating to level appropriate.Adjustment mechanism includes by air, fluid or using thermoelectric device come cooling/heating.It is desirable that In the case that temperature is maintained close to range, phase-change material will be used to maintain temperature.Host equipment may be fitted with absolutely Edge enclosure body, insulation enclosure body prevent the heat exchange between environment and battery pack.Such situation will be taken into account each battery Module/group thermal conditioning customization in.

TMU 206 can be the temperature that regulating cell is used to before charging process and during charging process heating/ Cooling/air-conditioning unit.TMU 206 can be designed as taking battery to scheduled mesh at the end of charging starts and charges Mark temperature levels.In embodiment here, TMU 206 can be centralized unit, and centralized unit can control the temperature entirely stood Degree.Herein, each depressed place may further include the mechanism for independently managing its own temperature.The mechanism can be one or more Fan or pipeline or special thermal element 207, difference needed for realizing different batteries with individually control are cooling.Here Embodiment in, TMU 206 may include each unit associated with each depressed place.TMU 206 can also carry out preferential heat and adjust Save routine.

Thermal element 207 can be at least one of heater, thermoelectricity, air cooling system, hot sheath etc..Thermal element 207 can be used to the outer surface of cooling/heating module, and the outer surface of module and then cooling/heating battery are to remain correct Temperature, or via direct contact (conduction).The hot sheath of battery may insure the heat management appropriate of battery.

DCU 201 can identify the specific protocol as used in each application and battery module.Then, DCU 201 can be with It is adapted to the agreement as used in docking module 103, with the requirement of match battery module 102.As required, DCU 201 can be incited somebody to action New agreement is added to the vocabulary of docking module 103.

In embodiment here, docking module 103 is constructed with flexible framework, and flexible framework makes docking module 103 can be " configured " for various sizes of battery module and battery module packet/group.Docking module 103 can also include adaptation Component adapts to different physical size and module type with the requirement of Intrusion Detection based on host equipment.

In embodiment here, docking module 103 may include visual interface.Visual interface can make user and/or Any authorized person can identify specific docking module 103.Visual interface can also be provided and be currently present in docking module 103 The related information of battery module 102, all SOC in this way, battery module charged time, the rate of charging, thermal conditioning, master Machine equipment etc..

In embodiment here, docking module 103 can be to being connected at least the one of switching station 101 or docking module 103 A load provides electric power.In embodiment here, docking module 103 can from the energy being stored in battery module 102 to Power grid provides electric power.In embodiment here, the exchange of electric power between module is also possible to based on emergency (all need in this way Want a particular module of Priority Service).

In embodiment here, docking module 103 can have bi-directional electric power stream ability.DCU 201 can be such It is required that when flow of power of the management from a module to another module.DCU 201 can also manage the electric power from module to power grid Stream.Standing will also be comprising inverter/multidirectional electric power converter, to realize the energy between station, power grid and any other renewable energy Amount routing.

DCU 201 can carry out test and diagnostic function, to test docking module, battery etc..DCU 201 can be in battery mould Operational diagnostics on block 102.Diagnosis may include carrying out the high of battery pack to discharge to check reduction (all internal electricity in this way of performance Resistance, temperature raising etc.).DCU 201 can also carry out battery discharge to check capacity, and wherein discharge cell can be resistance, electricity At least one of sub- device or two-way power grid.These tests can measure such as variation of actual capacity, charged state, function shape State variation, impedance accumulation and with using/the parameters such as the temperature change of aging.Using these tests, DCU 201 can used Interval characterizes battery again.DCU 201 will can be worth accordingly in write-in battery pack, as characterization battery pack in its current state New parameter set.These will be used to the onboard algorithms to charged state (SOC), health status (SOH) and function by battery pack Using correction.

In embodiment here, there can be different types of docking module, the docking module in all host equipments in this way is (such as The docking module in vehicle), the docking module in switching station 101 and the second service life application in third docking module it is (all to exist in this way Family, in industrial site etc.).Docking module can also have intelligence and the communication based on application with external entity, external entity are all Host equipment, switching station, second service life host in this way etc..

Fig. 2 b shows the system that DCU 201 is connected to multiple chargers 203 and depressed place 202.Charger 203 can be connected It is connected at least one electric connector 207, can further be provided from least one power supply at least one electric connector 207 Electric power.DCU 201 may be connected at least one locking device, for protecting battery module 102 and depressed place 202.DCU 201 may be used also To monitor the condition inside switching station, and HVAC system can be used to maintain the condition inside switching station in DCU 201 Desired level.

Fig. 2 c shows the multiple chargers for being connected to DCU 201 and depressed place.The suitable dress of such as CAN bus can be used Set the swapping data in various modules.Lock can be at least one of digital phase-locking and/or physical locks, such as magnetic dress of use The appropriate device set protects battery.Lock can be activated/deactivated based on certification and identification during exchange is handled.Lock may be used also To include manual override control (manual override).DCU 201 can receive input from depressed place 202 and charger 203.

Fig. 3 a and 3b show AS.AS 105 may include using data, the related data of particular vehicle and parser.AS 105 can be connected with entities such as switching station, user equipment, batteries, and continuously to collect data from them, processing is collected Data and issue order to ensure that the processing of entire battery swap is run in the best way.AS 105 can be via communication interface 303 monitor entity connected to it in real time fashion.In embodiment here, AS 105 can have concentrating structure.Herein In the embodiment at place, AS 105 can be distributed architecture, wherein the one or more of battery, switching station, server etc. is real One or more parts that body is handled needed for can carrying out.

As shown in fig. 3a, AS 105 may include analysis engine 301, at least one database 302 and at least one is logical Believe interface 303.

Communication interface 303 enables AS 105 to engage at least one external entity, at least one external entity is all At least one switching station 101, user equipment, battery module in this way etc..Communication interface 303 can carry out external real at least one The two-way communication of body.Communication interface 303 may include at least one of wired communication interface or wireless communication interface.Communication connects Agreement can be used in mouth 303, and all GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), the LTE in this way using cellular network of agreement (are drilled for a long time Into), LORA WAN (using the low-power wide area network of radio), Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.1.x standard), MQTT (message queue Telemetering transmission), HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol), CAN in TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol) network protocol (controller LAN), Zigbee, Wi-Fi, bluetooth, NFC (near-field communication), honeycomb, satellite, power line or any other conjunction Suitable standard, the agreement can be passively or active.Communication interface 303 can also include application programming interfaces (API), use In enabling AS 105 to be communicated with other entity/applications.

Communication interface 303 can collect information related with battery and vehicle from battery 102.The information of collection may include The unique identifier in vehicle, battery, depressed place etc..

Analysis engine 301 can be connect via communication interface 303 to from external entities such as switching station, user equipmenies The data of receipts are operated.In this example, battery can such as switching station charge when, be attached to electric vehicle and During scene when powering by from discharge current to vehicle, data continuously are transmitted to AS 105.

Analysis engine 301 can analyze received data, to obtain about general use pattern, use classes, Yong Huhang For the information for information about and with the related mode such as landform, demographics variation, season distribution.Analysis engine 301 can be with Specific separate modular data are operated, and the parameter of such as particular module/battery SOH, SOF can be calculated.Point Analysing engine 301 can estimate for the second service life for each specific battery module.Analysis engine 301 can carry out details diagnosis and pre- It surveys, with estimated performance.Communication interface 303 can be used in analysis engine 301, these values are passed to switching station and user equipment.

Analysis engine 301 can be based on the factor for such as passing by driving behavior, current vehicle and battery information, each to drive The person of sailing determines the range of estimation.This can be related to identifying vehicle, during the battery swap processing of switching station by assigned battery Driver and the battery information that is currently present in vehicle or is just switched in vehicle.

Analysis engine 301 can collect history from network system further via application programming interfaces (API) function call Driving mode data, and for be attached to vehicle with the particular battery for electric discharge it can be concluded that driving range and/or The estimation of range.This helps to estimate to start and the range during discharge cycles in discharge cycles.

Analysis engine 301 can construct prediction model based on received data.Analysis engine 301 can based on such as when Before the vehicle of battery, the driver of vehicle, the route for driving vehicle, current SOC, SOH, present weather conditions is used Deng because usually predicting battery use and range.Analysis engine 301 is also based on from the received information of battery institute and calculates battery SOH.Analysis engine 301 can be used from the received information of switching station and battery institute, different in switching station and battery to detect Often.Abnormal example can be but not limited to power fluctuation, failure depressed place, input electric power supply problem etc..

Analysis engine 301 can consider past vehicle behavior in the electric power use aspects of per unit travel distance.Analysis Engine 301 can model vehicle performance and predict vehicle based on from control unit for vehicle vehicle data obtained In system-level or cell level failure.This can be related to identifying vehicle, will be assigned during the battery swap processing of switching station The driver of battery and the battery information for being currently present in vehicle or being just switched in vehicle.Analysis engine 301 can be with It further calls via api function from network system and collects history driving mode data, and it can be concluded that vehicle health is estimated Meter, and generate the alarm for predicting potential system and subsystem fault.

Analysis engine 301 can predict the predefined of each rank (all station levels in this way not, city rank, regional rank etc.) The energy requirement of period.Analysis engine 301 it is contemplated that such as the consumption patterns of each switching station 101, be present in it is each The characteristic of the battery of switching station 101, currently used battery vehicle quantity, will in time predefined section use battery vehicle The parameters such as predicted quantity, weather condition, seasonality.The energy requirement of prediction can be needed for one or more ranks Time needed for the quantity of battery, battery etc..In embodiment here, the energy requirement based on prediction, analysis engine 301 can To determine optimal charge time (the optimal charge time can depend on the electricity charge, and the electricity charge can change with date and time). In embodiment here, the energy requirement based on prediction, analysis engine 301 can determine the rate of charging for each battery. In exemplary scene, when predicting that energy requirement is slower, the battery in switching station can be charged with slower charge rate, this changes It has been apt to battery life.In exemplary scene, when predicting that energy requirement is higher, the battery in switching station can be with higher charging Rate charging.

The depth of discharge that analysis engine 301 can be changed for the configuration of each battery.Herein, permission battery only discharges into predetermined Level, wherein the level (can be restricted to specific model depending on the personality of the driver of such as vehicle, user preference, safety Enclose) etc. factors.

Analysis engine 301 can according to need using over-the-air updating and reconfigure battery.Can based on such as population, The factor of shape, season, weather, specific user's mode, user preference etc. is that battery customization updates.

Database 302 includes received information.The information includes the detail of each switching station, their ID, capacity With utilize data；The details for all battery modules that will be adjusted in each switching station, type including battery, Host application (vehicle/energy stores), the use pattern encountered, usage history, the service life for information about, newest SOH, SOF, previously Adjust the history etc. of session.Database 302 may include battery telematics data when being attached to vehicle (such as It is vehicle/battery position, the direction of battery/vehicle traveling, battery/vehicle height, battery/vehicle acceleration, electricity Pond/vehicle speed, the vibration data from the sensor being present in battery, electric current, the electricity of the battery in battery Pressure and temperature, information of vehicles (as battery from being taken out in vehicle), the status data etc. from battery.Database 302 is also The system level data collected by each battery module related with the other systems that host is applied is arranged (for example, in vehicle Control loop data, information from environmental sensor etc.).Database 302 can also include the number for coming self-charging and switching station According to (quantity of all movable depressed place units in this way and their ID and current state, current state include but is not limited to lock status, depressed place Cell temperature, connection status, the mark of battery for being connected to depressed place, each docking unit setting ampere charge rate, stand Charge information, charging current rate, the charged state of battery etc.).

Fig. 3 b shows the module of AS 105.Transaction data base 302a stores all input datas from entity.Data Not processed data, according to the structural data of predefined pattern.Transaction data base 302a can be used in real time The one or more rule for monitoring data, carrying out flow point analysis and executing one or more alarms.

In data warehouse 302b, structural data is further polymerized to the data cube across predefined dimension, in advance Dimension all dates in this way, period, equipment, position, switching station etc. are defined, in order to retrieve, analyze and data mining exercises.

Alarm and messaging service 304 manage all rule-based alarms, and the alarm is based on the special parameter for breaking through threshold value It is defined with sequence pattern.Alarm and messaging service 304 can with alarm, the SMS that is sent to specified mobile number, via API is sent to the forms such as the sending out notice of client application and provides alarm.It can be via communication interface (communication interface appropriate 303) transmission is distributed to all orders of user equipment, switching station and vehicle.

Wallet module 305 is virtual wallet, and manages the debit and debit of ideal money.It is used to more than addition credit side Volume and pay by the received service of user.

Telematics module 306 can manage the engagement of all types of batteries Yu AS 105.Telematics Module 306 can receive data from alarm and messaging service 304 via communication interface 303 and transmit order.

The technologies such as segmentation, cluster, collaborative filtering can be used to analyze data in data modeling engine 307.

Data processing module 308 can handle received data.May include by the processing that data processing module 308 carries out It is each source resolution, normalization and storing data according to predefined data mode.

Analysis engine 301 can provide the opinion about battery utilization, quality and performance in time predefined section.Analysis Engine 310 can carry out prediction service, such as, but not limited to, capabilities of user devices, failure predication, the energy benefit in switching station With, prediction in exchange event frequency of switching station etc..

Asset manager 310 may include and manage the definition of battery, switching station and their subsystem, such as but Be not limited to, identifier, capacity, build date and such as brand production details, batch ID, battery take-off location, divided Client etc. with battery.

Client manager 311 may include and manage the definition of all types client with client properties, such as but It is not limited to, name, address, company ID, unique ID, accounting relationship type, preferably billing option, wallet details, customer class Type (all end users in this way, fleet operator, dealer, franchise operation etc.) etc..

Station administration device 312 provides the ability of the state for the switching station that long-range monitoring includes all subsystems.Station administration device 312 It can also issue and be ordered to configure, upgrade the software run in station and carry out specific action to switching station, it is such as but unlimited In, specific to the charging profile of each battery, the special user equipment in station on operational diagnostics, downloading each user equipment Update configuration, the data transfer for carrying out from battery to data processing module 308 etc..

OEM (original equipment manufacturer) manager 313 may include and manage the definition of vehicle OEM and equipment OEM.This Safe floor is allowed to provide access for the authorized user of specific OEM entity.

Security module 314 provides safe access control to access available programming service on AS 105.Security module 314 is also It is proved based on vehicle and driver identity come the use of authorized user device, and in the use for detecting unauthorized or can stolen When surreptitiously, long-range disable operation.

Fig. 4 shows the exemplary scene that battery module is used in vehicle.Electric vehicle with exhausted cell connects Nearly switching station 101.User equipment (being user's mobile device in example here) starts by request exchange and stands 101 Dialogue.It stands and 101 is communicated by wireless device with vehicle, with automatically certification request.It also collects related vehicle, battery The information of state and use pattern.In the background, it stands and is also communicated with AS 105, used with access about vehicle, specific electricity The additional information that the history and particular adjustments of pond group require.The information is combined with climatic information, even if battery and vehicle are disconnected Connection is opened, stands and also formulates customization adjusting program for particular battery.Using the data, standing 101 existing also in identifying system is used for Replace one in the modulated batteries of the battery removed.When carrying out certification appropriate to transaction, station allows with adjusted Battery is come the battery that was used interchangeably.System also includes automatic charging and payment mechanism.

Fig. 5 is to show the example flow diagram that vehicle and battery are carried out to matched processing.Example exchange processing here Period, consideration must place 2 battery packs inside the vehicle.Primary role is distributed to one in battery pack 102 by switching station 101 It is a, and another battery pack 102 will be distributed to from role.Switching station 101 can history and performance ginseng based on battery pack 102 Number is to distribute primary role and from role.In embodiment here, switching station 101 can be distributed to primary role with more preferable property The battery of energy.Switching station 101 will provide for primary role about the information from role.Once inside the vehicle, recognizing as the first order Card, master battery pack will first check for communicating from battery pack and with their foundation.Then, primary role will be carried out from the first of role Grade certification.After completing first order certification and when car key is opened, primary role will start second level certification, wherein vehicle It is certified.After completing second level certification, master battery pack will notify switching station 101 and AS 101, and will be so that battery Power-off.

Fig. 6 is the flow chart for showing the processing for carrying out battery adjusting.In step 601, battery is received in switching station 101. Battery can be received from vehicle or the application of the second service life.This can be related to for being inserted into depressed place battery.It is placed in depressed place in battery When, in step 602, battery exchanges data with switching station.Data may include that present charge state, battery temperature, battery make With with other associated parameters.In step 603, DCU 201 carries out back-end processing, and back-end processing may include analyzing from electricity Pond received data, verifying battery/user, update battery software (if necessary) etc..In step 604, DCU 201 is checked Whether need to test.This can be related to DCU 201 and check the need for characterizing DCU 201 again with predefined interval.It is predefined Interval can depend on battery behavior and use.In step 605, DCU 201 can carry out characterization test again.By built-in The electric discharge of Yu Zhanzhong and measure setup promote to test.Test can measure such as variation of actual capacity, charged state, function shape State variation, impedance accumulation, with using/the parameters such as the temperature change of aging.If you do not need to test, then in step 606, really The regulating time table customized.This can depend on the use of battery, the history of battery, expection future usage of battery etc..? In step 607, according to determining customization regulating time table come regulating cell.In step 608, it is adjusted according to battery, characterization is surveyed Examination, back-end processing etc. update battery.Can with presented sequence, in a different order or simultaneously carry out in method 600 Various movements.In addition, in some embodiments, it is convenient to omit listed some movements in Fig. 6.

In embodiment here, battery module 102 can have the application of the second service life.Because what such as vehicle used wants The battery system in harsh application is asked to lead to the gradually degeneration of battery behavior, so become in identical application can not for battery With.The canonical parameter for indicating the degeneration is that energy storage capacity is reduced to threshold value or less, higher answers what vehicle encountered in Increased temperature rise, internal resistance/impedance increase of battery and electric power delivery capacity reduce under the conditions of power (electric current, power) It is required to host equipment below horizontal.However, such battery continues useful, all families in this way of other application in other application With UPS, rural area energy stores and other standby power systems spare including large scale electric network.It is built in switching station 101 and AS Such health parameters of each battery module of algorithm keeps track in 105, and prompt main users first apply it is any i.e. By the service life of end.Once cell/module stops service from the first application, 101 are stood also by the Current specifications water of battery It is flat to be mapped to possible second service life application requirement, and propose suitable suggest.The surplus value of battery can be calculated, and Commercial value can be determined for it.During the use of the second service life, using/adjust the processing continuation recycled.

Consider that the second service life was applied to house and the example of electric power is provided.Battery module is used as providing to house The energy of electric power.Battery electric power module can directly be docked to family's inverter and supply electric power.Communication interface 207 can be with It is communicated with AS 105 and/or user equipment 104, to be authenticated and discharge electric power to inverter system.

Depending on the requirement of new host system, battery module communicates with each other and capacity and function with their own It can state proportionally load sharing (as shown in Figure 7).Module with different capabilities x, y and z is combined with supplying energy System requirements.Module is communicated with each other and is arbitrated, their output is proportionally shared with the capacity with them.Fig. 7 is shown Only consider the example of capacity.However, module has a different parameters, all voltage in this way, the state of charging, the state of function and Temperature, these all will affect to be formulated it is accurate shared." heat exchange " of this feature realization modules.If necessary to replace Any module adds new module, then can carry out in the case where every other module works.Module/group can also pass through The information from AS 105 is accessed to predict the performance and service life in new host system.

Term " switching station " and " change station " is interchangeably used in embodiment herein, and term herein all refers to hand over Change station 101.

Term " battery pack " and " battery " is interchangeably used in embodiment herein, and term herein refers both to battery eliminator 102。

Embodiments disclosed herein can realize that at least one software program is extremely by least one software program It is run on a few hardware device and carries out Network Management Function to control network element.Network element packet shown in Fig. 1 Block is included, block can be at least one of the combination of hardware device or hardware device and software module.

Embodiments disclosed herein can be in switching station communicating battery module, and wherein switching station can be based on Multiple factors Battery module is provided a user, Multiple factors include weather parameters, battery module application, user behavior etc..It will therefore be appreciated that , when program is run in server or mobile device or any suitable programmable device, protection scope is extended to Such program, and other than the computer readable device wherein with message, such computer readable storage means Program code devices comprising the one or more steps for realizing method.In at least one embodiment, method pass through or It is realized together with the software program for another programming language for example write with VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL), Or it is realized by performed one or more VHDL at least one hardware device or multiple software modules.Hardware device can Be can be with programmed any kind of portable device.Equipment can also include device, and device can be for example such as The combination of the hardware device and software service of the hardware device of ASIC or such as ASIC and FPGA or at least one micro- place Manage device and at least one processor with the software module being located therein.Embodiment of the method described herein can be partly With hardware realization, and it is partly implemented in software.Selectively, invention can be realized on different hardware devices, such as Use multiple CPU.

The foregoing description of specific embodiment so will fully disclose the general aspects of embodiments herein, general not departing from In the case where concept, other people can be by application current knowledge for as various applications easily modification and/or adjustment Specific embodiment, and therefore, it is such to adjust and modify the equivalent that and be intended to be appreciated that in disclosed embodiment Meaning and scope in.It should be understood that term or term used herein is the purpose for description rather than limited.Cause This, although describing embodiment herein according to embodiment and example, it will be recognized to those skilled in the art that can be with Embodiments disclosed herein and example are practiced by modifying in the spirit and scope of embodiment as described herein.

Claims

1. a kind of for providing the method for commutative battery to vehicle, which is characterized in that the described method includes:

Vehicle is being received close to switching station (101) for changing at least one electricity from application server (AS) (105) It is that the vehicle determines at least one described battery (102) by the switching station (101), wherein described when the instruction in pond (102) AS (105) receives the instruction for needing communicating battery from least one of the battery (102) or user equipment (104)；

Based on information related with the vehicle, information related with the vehicle, by the vehicle currently in use at least one Available battery in a battery and the switching station (101), will be by at least one battery (102) determination described in determining The adjusting that the switching station (101) carries out, wherein the information is supplied to the switching station (101) by the AS (105)；And

Make it possible to by the switching station (101) from the Docking station (103) in the switching station (101) remove it is determining it is described extremely A few battery (102), and will be determining described at least one battery (102) be placed in the vehicle.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: passed through by the AS (105) The user equipment (104) provides the position with the switching station (101) of available battery and guidance.

3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: by the switching station (101) The vehicle and the user are authenticated at least one of the AS (105).

4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the method further includes: successfully certification described in Vehicle and when the user, described at least one battery (102) determining from the Docking station (103) unlock.

5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes:

Before for the adjusting to be carried out of at least one battery (102) determination described in determination, by the switching station (101) into At least one test of row and diagnostic function, to test the battery (102)；And

The battery (102) are characterized based at least one described test and diagnostic function by the switching station (101).

6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the diagnosis includes:

The high electric discharge of the battery (102) is carried out to check the performance degradation of the battery (102)；And

Battery discharge is carried out, to check the capacity of the battery (102).

7. according to the method described in claim 5, the parameter includes institute it is characterized in that, the test includes: measurement parameter State the charged state variation of actual capacity, the battery (102) of battery (102), the functional status of the battery (102) becomes Change, the temperature change of the impedance of the battery (102) accumulation and use and aging with the battery (102).

8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes:

It is that at least one battery used by the vehicle determines suitable in the switching station (101) by the switching station (101) When Docking station (103)；And

Used battery is placed in the determining Docking station (103).

9. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: based on Multiple factors by institute State AS (105) prediction a period of time energy requirement, the multiple factor be included in each switching station (101) consumption patterns, Be present in the characteristic of the battery of each switching station (101), the quantity of the vehicle of the currently used battery, will be at described one section Between the middle vehicle using the battery predicted quantity, weather condition and seasonality.

10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the method further includes the energy based on prediction Amount demand is that each battery (102) determine charge rate by the AS (105).

11. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the method further includes the energy based on prediction Amount demand is that each battery (102) determine the optimal charge time by the AS (105).

12. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: by the switching station (101) on-board processing is carried out for each battery (102).

13. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: by the switching station (101) to each battery-allocated dynamic key being present in the switching station (101).

14. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: for each battery (102) The variable depth of discharge of configuration.

15. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: by the switching station (101) determine charging profile for battery (102), wherein the charging profile include the type of charging, charging current/voltage value, The limitation of charging voltage/temperature and required heating/cooling, and the charging profile is to be based on Multiple factors, it is described more A factor includes the temperature of the battery (102), the remaining SOC (charged state) of the battery (102), the battery (102) SOH (health status), to battery/energy demand and the battery (102) charging needed for time.

16. according to the method for claim 15, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) uses at least one power supply, base It charges in the charging profile to the battery (102), wherein at least one described power supply is power grid, at least one alternative energy source At least one of and be present at least one of the switching station (101) other batteries.

17. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: making the battery (102) before powering, the battery (102), the vehicle of the insertion battery and presence are authenticated by the AS (105) Depressed place in the vehicle for being inserted into the battery.

18. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: be by the AS (105) The battery (102) determines that at least one second service life is applied.

19. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes: by the switching station (101) energy is provided to the power grid for being connected to the switching station (101).

20. a kind of for providing the system (100) of commutative battery to vehicle, which is characterized in that the system comprises switching stations (101), the switching station (101) is configured for:

Vehicle is being received close to switching station (101) for changing at least one electricity from application server (AS) (105) When the instruction in pond (102), at least one described battery (102) is determined for the vehicle, wherein the AS (105) is from the battery (102) or at least one of user equipment (104) receives the instruction for needing communicating battery；

Based on information related with the vehicle, information related with the vehicle, by the vehicle currently in use at least one Available battery in a battery and the switching station (101), will quilt at least one battery (102) determination described in determining The adjusting of progress, wherein the information is supplied to the switching station (101) by the AS (105)；And

The Docking station (103) made it possible to from the switching station (101) removes at least one determining described battery (102), And at least one battery (102) described in will be determining is placed in the vehicle.

21. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: passing through institute It states user equipment (104) and the position with the switching station (101) of available battery and guidance is provided.

22. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the system is further configured to: described in use At least one of switching station (101) and the AS (105) authenticate the vehicle.

23. system according to claim 22, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: When successfully authenticating the vehicle and the user, described at least one battery determining from the Docking station (103) unlock (102)。

24. system according to claim 22, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to:

Before for the adjusting to be carried out of at least one battery (102) determination described in determination, carry out at least one test and Diagnostic function, to test the battery (102)；And

The battery (102) are characterized based at least one described test and diagnostic function.

25. system according to claim 24, which is characterized in that the diagnosis includes:

Battery discharge is carried out, to check the capacity of the battery (102).

26. system according to claim 24, which is characterized in that the test includes: measurement parameter, and the parameter includes The charged state variation of actual capacity, the battery (102) of the battery (102), the functional status of the battery (102) become Change, the temperature change of the impedance of the battery (102) accumulation and use and aging with the battery (102).

27. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to:

At least one battery to be used by the vehicle determines the Docking station appropriate (103) in the switching station (101)；With And

Used battery is placed in the determining Docking station (103).

28. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: based on more The energy requirement of a factor prediction a period of time, the multiple factor are included in the consumption patterns of each switching station (101), exist In the characteristic of the battery of each switching station (101), the quantity of the vehicle of the currently used battery, will be in described a period of time Use the predicted quantity, weather condition and seasonality of the vehicle of the battery.

29. system according to claim 28, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: based on pre- The energy requirement surveyed determines charge rate for each battery (102).

30. system according to claim 28, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: based on pre- The energy requirement surveyed determines the optimal charge time for each battery (102).

31. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: for Each battery (102) carries out on-board processing.

32. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: to The each battery-allocated dynamic key being present in the switching station (101).

33. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: being each The variable depth of discharge of battery (102) configuration.

34. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: for Battery (102) determines charging profile, wherein the charging profile includes the type, charging current/voltage value, charging electricity of charging The limitation of pressure/temperature and required heating/cooling, and the charging profile is based on Multiple factors, the multiple factor The remaining SOC of temperature, the battery (102) including the battery (102), the SOH of the battery (102), to battery/energy Demand and the battery (102) charging needed for time.

35. system according to claim 34, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: making It at least one power supply, is charged based on the charging profile to the battery (102), wherein at least one described power supply is electricity Net, at least one alternative energy source and at least one of it is present at least one of the switching station (101) other batteries.

36. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: making Before battery (102) power supply, the battery (102) is authenticated, the vehicle of the battery is inserted into and is present in insertion Depressed place in the vehicle of the battery.

37. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the AS (105) is further configured to: being described Battery (102) determines that at least one second service life is applied.

38. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: to The power grid for being connected to the switching station (101) provides energy.

39. a kind of switching station (101), which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is configured for:

40. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: Authenticate the vehicle.

41. switching station according to claim 40, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: When successfully authenticating the vehicle and the user, described at least one battery determining from the Docking station (103) unlock (102)。

42. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to:

43. switching station according to claim 43, which is characterized in that the diagnosis includes:

Battery discharge is carried out, to check the capacity of the battery (102).

44. switching station according to claim 42, which is characterized in that the test includes: measurement parameter, the parameter packet Include the charged state variation of the actual capacity, the battery (102) of the battery (102), the functional status of the battery (102) The temperature change of variation, the impedance of the battery (102) accumulation and use and aging with the battery (102).

45. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to:

Used battery is placed in the determining Docking station (103).

46. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: On-board processing is carried out for each battery (102).

47. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: To each battery-allocated dynamic key being present in the switching station (101).

48. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: Charging profile is determined for battery (102), wherein the charging profile includes the type, charging current/voltage value, charging electricity of charging The limitation of pressure/temperature and required heating/cooling, and the charging profile is based on Multiple factors, the multiple factor The remaining SOC of temperature, the battery (102) including the battery (102), the SOH of the battery (102), to battery/energy Demand and the battery (102) charging needed for time.

49. switching station according to claim 48, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: It using at least one power supply, is charged based on the charging profile to the battery (102), wherein at least one described power supply is electricity Net, at least one alternative energy source and at least one of it is present at least one of the switching station (101) other batteries.

50. switching station according to claim 39, which is characterized in that the switching station (101) is further configured to: Energy is provided to the power grid for being connected to the switching station (101).

51. a kind of device (105), which is characterized in that described device (105) is configured for:

When determining that at least one battery (102) in vehicle associated with user equipment (104) needs to exchange, by described User equipment (104) provides the position with the switching station (101) of available battery and guidance；

The vehicle is provided close to the switching station (101) for changing at least one electricity to the switching station (101) The instruction in pond (102), wherein described device (105) is received from least one of the battery (102) or user equipment (104) Need the instruction of communicating battery.

52. device according to claim 51, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: certification The vehicle.

53. device according to claim 51, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: being based on Multiple factors predict the energy requirement of a period of time, and the multiple factor is included in the consumption patterns of each switching station (101), deposits Be the characteristic of the battery of each switching station (101), the quantity of the vehicle of the currently used battery, will be in described a period of time Predicted quantity, weather condition and the seasonality of the middle vehicle using the battery.

54. device according to claim 53, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: being based on The energy requirement of prediction determines charge rate for each battery (102).

55. device according to claim 53, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: being based on The energy requirement of prediction determines the optimal charge time for each battery (102).

56. device according to claim 51, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: being every The variable depth of discharge of a battery (102) configuration.

57. device according to claim 51, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: being made Before obtaining battery (102) power supply, the battery (102) is authenticated, the vehicle of the battery is inserted into and is present in slotting Enter the depressed place in the vehicle of the battery.

58. device according to claim 51, which is characterized in that described device (105) is further configured to: for institute It states battery (102) and determines that at least one second service life is applied.