CN110117727A - A method of particles reiforced metal-base composition is prepared based on 3D printing technique - Google Patents
A method of particles reiforced metal-base composition is prepared based on 3D printing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN110117727A CN110117727A CN201910526630.5A CN201910526630A CN110117727A CN 110117727 A CN110117727 A CN 110117727A CN 201910526630 A CN201910526630 A CN 201910526630A CN 110117727 A CN110117727 A CN 110117727A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for preparing particles reiforced metal-base composition based on 3D printing technique, the present invention is according to the layer upon layer principle of 3D printing, reinforcement material and metal powder are mixed according to a certain percentage in advance, then laying curing operation is carried out again, make material tentatively bond it is miscellaneous together, it is post-processed accordingly again, the overall performance of material is made to get a promotion；The present invention can be realized being uniformly distributed for reinforcement particle, to avoid the generation of segregation phenomena.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material increasing fields, and in particular to one kind is prepared particulate reinforced metal-based multiple based on 3D printing technique
The method of condensation material.
Background technique
Particles reiforced metal-base composition is the grain reinforced metals such as carbide, nitride, graphite or alloy substrate
The general designation of metal-base composites.The compositing range of this kind of composite material is broad, can select matrix according to the working condition requirement of work
Metal and enhancing particle, the particle of Chang Xuanyong have silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, aluminium oxide, silicon nitride, boronation
Titanium, boron nitride and graphite etc., metallic matrix have aluminium, magnesium, titanium, copper, iron, brill etc. and its alloy.It is typical particulate reinforced metal-based
Composite material has SiCp/Al, Al2O3/ Al, SiCp/Mg, B4Cp/Mg, TiC/Ti, WC/Ni etc..Manufacturing method has powder metallurgy
Method, casting, vacuum pressure impregnating method and total spray deposition.It can be directly made into part, carry out heat after may be alternatively configured ingot casting
Squeeze, forge, roll etc..
Traditional particles reiforced metal-base composition preparation method is that reinforcement is added in molten metal liquid to carry out
Continuous stirring, casting are cooled and shaped, but reinforcement powder is difficult to be uniformly dispersed after being added, and is easy to produce segregation, i.e. alloy
In each component phenomenon unevenly distributed in crystallization, to seriously affect the performance of its product.Those skilled in the art
The problem of one kind can effectively solve the problem that its segregation phenomena is being researched and developed always, but does not have good effect.In conjunction with existing increasing
Discrete-accumulation principle of increases material manufacturing technology is applied to particles reiforced metal-base composition system by the development of material manufacturing technology
During standby, it can be effectively solved this technical problem, can be realized being uniformly distributed for reinforcement particle, to avoid being segregated
The generation of phenomenon improves the performance of product.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the applicant provides one kind based on 3D printing technique preparation
The method of grain enhancing metal-base composites.The present invention can be realized being uniformly distributed for reinforcement particle, to avoid segregation existing
The generation of elephant.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A method of particles reiforced metal-base composition being prepared based on 3D printing technique, the method includes walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) it selects basis material: choosing the metal powder material of certain specification；
(2) selective enhancement material: the reinforcement material of certain specification is chosen；
(3) step (1) and the material in step (2) are sufficiently mixed；
(4) utilize physics or chemical method by workbench roughening treatment；First layer metal powder is attached on platform
When, it is not easy to adhere to, by platform roughening treatment, facilitate the attachment of underlying first layer metal.Equipment can use existing metal
3D printing equipment.
(5) mixing material made from step (3) is laid on the workbench of roughening treatment；Mixed proportion is according to material
Required performance determines.
(6) material of step (5) is heated in the way of radiation, workbench moves down；Because magnesium, aluminium, zinc are golden
The fusing point for belonging to powder or its mixed-powder or its alloy powder is relatively low, and the mode that can be heated is by metal molten；?
The mode that laser beam can be selected makes metal molten, preferably laser sintered mode.
(7) step (5) and (6) operation is repeated until completing blank production；It is using 3D technology that mixed-powder is tentatively fixed,
Forming blank is uniformly distributed metal material and reinforcement material, avoids component segregation.Traditional approach is to melt metal material
Change, reinforcement particle is added at a certain temperature, reinforcement is easy to reunite in molten metal and dispersion is uneven, be easy to cause into
Divide segregation；It is sufficiently mixed using by metal powder box reinforcement particle, laser sintered mode is recycled to carry out curing process, formed
Material composition it is relatively uniform, the phenomenon that so as to avoid component segregation.
(8) blank obtained by step (7) is heated under semi-solid temperature, obtains the semisolid non-dendritic for being suitble to thixotropic forming
Ingot；
(9) by semisolid non-dendritic ingot obtained by step (8) under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate
Thixotropic forming obtains composite material.Step (8) and step (9) are the common heat treatment sides of particles reiforced metal-base composition
Method.
Metal powder material described in step (1) be one of magnesium, aluminium, zinc metal powder or its mixed-powder or
Its alloy powder；The average grain diameter of the metal powder material is 5-60 μm；Reinforcement dusty material described in step (2) is
SiC nano particle, AlN nano particle, B4C nano particle, Mg2Si nano particle, Al2O3Nano particle, the reinforcement powder
Average grain diameter is 10~100nm.
It is completed under the conditions of vacuum environment or inert gas shielding step (4)~(7).
Physics or chemical method described in step (4) are as follows: mechanical grinding or electrochemical corrosion.
Radiation mode described in step (6) is laser beam or radiant heating.
Step (4)~(7) carry out under thermal environment, and the holding temperature range is 250~350 DEG C.
The present invention is beneficial to be had the technical effect that
The present invention is according to the layer upon layer principle of 3D printing, by reinforcement material and metal powder in advance according to certain ratio
Example mixing, then carry out laying curing operation again, make material tentatively bond it is miscellaneous together (avoid being directly added into for traditional technology,
Cause to disperse non-uniform phenomenon), then post-processed accordingly, so that the overall performance of material is got a promotion；3D printing preparation
Part consistency it is not high, be easy to produce that the probability chemically reacted between gap or material is small, cause the entirety of material
Mechanical property is not high, it is therefore desirable to be post-processed (it is, gained blank heats under semi-solid temperature；Gained semisolid
N on-dendritic ingot thixotropic forming under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate).
The present invention can effectively solve the problem that reinforcement material is uniformly distributed in particles reiforced metal-base composition process
The problem of, so that solving conventional method method preparation reinforcement material is unevenly distributed (agglomeration), it is easy to produce asking for segregation
Topic, improves the yield rate of product, improves the performance of material, improves production efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is composite material schematic diagram of the present invention；
In figure: 1, mixing material.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present invention is specifically described.
By metal powder be magnesium, for aluminium, zinc metal powder or its mixed-powder or its alloy powder, the magnesium,
Aluminium, zinc metal powder or its mixed-powder or its alloy powder average grain diameter are between 5-60 μm；Described in step (2)
Reinforcement dusty material is SiC nano particle, AlN nano particle, B4C nano particle, Mg2Si nano particle, Al2O3Nanometer
Grain, the reinforcement powder average particle size is between 10~100nm.
Embodiment 1
(1) it selects basis material: choosing average grain diameter at 5-60 μm, aluminium powder of the purity 99.5% or more；
(2) selective enhancement material: average grain diameter is chosen in 10~100nm, SiC particulate of the purity 99.5% or more；
(3) be SiC according to volume ratio by the material in step (1) and (2): aluminium powder is that the ratio of 1:4 is sufficiently mixed；
(4) by workbench roughening treatment in the way of laser sintered；
(5) mixing material in step (3) is laid on the workbench of roughening treatment；Powdering mode is that common 3D is beaten
Print machine powdering mode, such as the powdering mode of EOSM400.
(6) using laser by the material sintering processes of step (5), workbench is moved down；
(7) step (5) and (6) operation is repeated until completing embryo material production；Step (3)~(7) operation is protected in argon atmosphere
In the case of shield and under ultrasonic conditions, carried out under 250~350 DEG C of temperature of thermal environment.
(8) gained embryo material heats under semi-solid temperature, obtains the semisolid non-dendritic ingot for being suitble to thixotropic forming；
(9) gained semisolid non-dendritic ingot thixotropic forming under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate,
Obtain composite material.
Embodiment 2
(1) it selects basis material: choosing average grain diameter at 5-60 μm, 6061 Al alloy powders of the purity 99.5% or more
End；
(2) selective enhancement material: average grain diameter is chosen in 10~100nm, SiC particulate of the purity 99.5% or more；
It (3) is ratio that SiC:6061 Al alloy powder is 1:4 according to volume ratio by the material in step (1) and (2)
It is sufficiently mixed；
(4) by workbench roughening treatment in the way of laser sintered；
(5) mixing material in step (3) is laid on the workbench of roughening treatment；Powdering mode is that common 3D is beaten
Print machine powdering mode, such as the powdering mode of EOSM400.
(6) using laser by the material sintering processes of step (5), workbench is moved down；
(7) step (5) and (6) operation is repeated until completing embryo material production；Step (3)~(7) operation is protected in argon atmosphere
In the case of shield and under ultrasonic conditions, carried out under 250~350 DEG C of temperature of thermal environment.
(8) gained embryo material heats under semi-solid temperature, obtains the semisolid non-dendritic ingot for being suitble to thixotropic forming；
(9) gained semisolid non-dendritic ingot thixotropic forming under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate,
Obtain composite material.
Embodiment 3
(1) it selects basis material: choosing average grain diameter at 5-60 μm, aluminium powder of the purity 99.5% or more；
(2) selective enhancement material: average grain diameter is chosen in 10~100nm, B4C particle of the purity 99.5% or more；
(3) be B4C according to volume ratio by the material in step (1) and (2): aluminium powder is that the ratio of 1:4 is sufficiently mixed；
(4) by workbench roughening treatment in the way of laser sintered；
(5) mixing material in step (3) is laid on the workbench of roughening treatment；Powdering mode is that common 3D is beaten
Print machine powdering mode, such as the powdering mode of EOSM400.
(6) using laser by the material sintering processes of step (5), workbench is moved down；
(7) step (5) and (6) operation is repeated until completing embryo material production；Step (3)~(7) operation is protected in argon atmosphere
In the case of shield and under ultrasonic conditions, carried out under 250~350 DEG C of temperature of thermal environment.
(8) gained embryo material heats under semi-solid temperature, obtains the semisolid non-dendritic ingot for being suitble to thixotropic forming；
(9) gained semisolid non-dendritic ingot thixotropic forming under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate,
Obtain composite material.
Embodiment 4
(1) it selects basis material: choosing average grain diameter at 5-60 μm, purity is in 99.5% or more magnesium, aluminium, zinc mixed powder
End；
(2) selective enhancement material: average grain diameter is chosen in 10~100nm, SiC particulate of the purity 99.5% or more；
It (3) is SiC according to volume ratio by the material in step (1) and (2): the ratio that magnesium, aluminium, zinc mixed-powder are 1:4
Example is sufficiently mixed；
(4) by workbench roughening treatment in the way of laser sintered；
(5) mixing material in step (3) is laid on the workbench of roughening treatment；Powdering mode is that common 3D is beaten
Print machine powdering mode, such as the powdering mode of EOSM400.
(6) using laser by the material sintering processes of step (5), workbench is moved down；
(7) step (5) and (6) operation is repeated until completing embryo material production；Step (3)~(7) operation is protected in argon atmosphere
In the case of shield and under ultrasonic conditions, carried out under 250~350 DEG C of temperature of thermal environment.
(8) gained embryo material heats under semi-solid temperature, obtains the semisolid non-dendritic ingot for being suitble to thixotropic forming；
(9) gained semisolid non-dendritic ingot thixotropic forming under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate,
Obtain composite material.
Particles reiforced metal-base composition prepared by certain such mode is a kind of blank, it is subsequent also to pass through it is more multiple
Miscellaneous aftertreatment technology, the present comparative maturity of aftertreatment technology, and material composition are different, need performance to be achieved different, after
Treatment process has biggish difference, therefore is not described later in detail herein.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for preparing particles reiforced metal-base composition based on 3D printing technique, which is characterized in that the method
Include the following steps:
(1) it selects basis material: choosing the metal powder material of certain specification；
(2) selective enhancement material: the reinforcement material of certain specification is chosen；
(3) step (1) and the material in step (2) are sufficiently mixed；
(4) utilize physics or chemical method by workbench roughening treatment；
(5) mixing material made from step (3) is laid on the workbench of roughening treatment；
(6) material of step (5) is heated in the way of radiation, workbench moves down；
(7) step (5) and (6) operation is repeated until completing blank production；
(8) blank obtained by step (7) is heated under semi-solid temperature, obtains the semisolid non-dendritic ingot for being suitble to thixotropic forming
Material；
(9) by semisolid non-dendritic ingot thixotroping under corresponding mold temperature, forming pressure, pressure head rate obtained by step (8)
Forming, obtains composite material.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein metal powder material described in step (1) is magnesium, aluminium, zinc
One of metal powder or its mixed-powder or its alloy powder；The average grain diameter of the metal powder material is 5-60
μm；Reinforcement dusty material described in step (2) is SiC nano particle, AlN nano particle, B4C nano particle, Mg2Si receives
Rice grain, Al2O3Nano particle, the reinforcement powder average particle size are 10~100nm.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step (4)~(7) are in vacuum environment or indifferent gas
It is completed under body protective condition.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein physics or chemical method described in step (4) are as follows: mechanical
Polishing or electrochemical corrosion.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein radiation mode described in step (6) is laser beam or spoke
Penetrate heating.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step (4)~(7) carry out under thermal environment, institute
Stating holding temperature range is 250~350 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111229231A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-05 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | 3D printing monolithic alloy catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115369291A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-22 | 共享智能装备有限公司 | Metal-based composite material, preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN115747584A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-07 | 中南大学 | Crack-free reinforced Al-Mg 2 Si-Si alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115747584B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-11-17 | 中南大学 | Crack-free reinforced Al-Mg 2 Si-Si alloy material, preparation method and application thereof |
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