CN110117119B - Method and system for treating oil-containing water body - Google Patents
Method and system for treating oil-containing water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN110117119B CN110117119B CN201910382427.5A CN201910382427A CN110117119B CN 110117119 B CN110117119 B CN 110117119B CN 201910382427 A CN201910382427 A CN 201910382427A CN 110117119 B CN110117119 B CN 110117119B
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating an oil-containing water body, which comprises the following steps of 1, coagulating the oil-containing water body to obtain the coagulated oil-containing water body; step 2, conveying the coagulated oil-containing water body to one side of a hydrophobic porous filter membrane with a graphene coating; step 3, introducing air to the uncoated side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, wherein the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer; step 4, electrically heating the graphene coating, wherein water molecules in the oil-containing water body penetrate through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating and enter between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer; step 5, collecting water condensed on the condensation layer; the invention adopts a method of carrying out coagulation treatment and resistance air gap type membrane distillation treatment together, thereby improving the integral oil removal efficiency and retarding membrane pollution and membrane wetting effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a method and a system for treating an oil-containing water body.
Background
With the continuous development and improvement of membrane science, the technology combining the membrane distillation technology with other water treatment technology is more and more concerned by researchers. The membrane distillation technology (MD) is a novel membrane separation technology combining membrane separation and distillation technology as a representative high-efficiency energy-saving membrane treatment technology. The conventional distillation process requires a lot of energy to heat the feed liquid to boiling point. The membrane distillation process has the characteristic of utilizing low-grade waste heat to desalt and desalt high-salt water, so that the membrane distillation process has the advantages of high efficiency, water saving and energy saving, has obvious competitive advantages in the fields of sustainable production of clean water and energy recycling, and greatly improves the sustainable production of water, which is a key aspect of water-energy relationship. In addition, the whole process of membrane distillation is almost carried out under normal pressure, the equipment is simple, the operation is convenient, and the membrane distillation device also has a certain application prospect in areas with weak technical strength, and becomes one of the most promising advanced sewage treatment and seawater desalination processes in the 21 st century.
The treatment of oily wastewater is a key problem, and the influence of oil substances on the environment is manifold, such as water pollution, oil film formation on the water surface can block the reoxygenation of the water, and the reduction of dissolved oxygen in the water limits the photosynthesis of algae, influences the normal growth of aquatic organisms, causes the aquatic animals and plants to have oil smell or toxicity, even causes the water to become odorous, and destroys the utilization value of water resources.
In the aspect of oily wastewater treatment, in the prior art, if a demulsification removal method is adopted, the effluent is difficult to reach the standard, and when the oily wastewater is separated by using a membrane technology, the problems of membrane pollution and the like can be caused, and the permeability of the membrane can be further influenced, so that the speed of the separation process is reduced. Meanwhile, the conventional method has serious energy consumption problem and needs to be solved urgently. The mitigation of the membrane fouling problem has been a major issue today. If the traditional membrane distillation technology is adopted, oil substances are easy to generate chemical action with the hydrophobic membrane surface, so that the hydrophobic membrane surface is wetted, and the separation performance of the membrane is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for treating an oil-containing water body, which aim to solve the problems that membrane pollution is generated by a membrane distillation technology in the prior art, and the membrane flux is remarkably reduced due to the membrane pollution.
The invention provides a new technology for treating oil waste water by coagulation-membrane distillation, wherein the coagulation method is a waste water treatment technology which is characterized in that a coagulant is put into the waste water to destabilize colloid particles and fine suspended matters in the waste water and gather into alum flocs with the size of hundreds of micrometers to several millimeters, and then the alum flocs can be removed by means of an air floatation method. The membrane distillation technology adopts a novel resistance-air gap type membrane distillation system, an air gap is introduced into air gap type membrane distillation, the mixing of penetrating fluid and cooling liquid can be effectively avoided, the mass and heat transfer efficiency is improved, and the temperature difference polarization phenomenon of the membrane surface can be effectively slowed down by introducing a resistance type operation mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for treating an oil-containing water body comprises the following steps: step 1, coagulating an oil-containing water body to obtain the coagulated oil-containing water body; step 2, conveying the coagulated oil-containing water body to one side of a hydrophobic porous filter membrane with a graphene coating; step 3, introducing air to the uncoated side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, wherein the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer; step 4, electrically heating the graphene coating, wherein water molecules in the oil-containing water body penetrate through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating and pass through a water channel to enter between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer; and 5, collecting the water condensed on the condensation layer.
Further, the electric heating graphene coating adopts direct current, wherein the source voltage is 10-30V, and the source voltage is safe voltage.
Furthermore, the thickness of the graphene coating is 10 um-100 um, and the graphene coating can effectively prevent oil from permeating and has hydrophilicity.
Further, the pore diameter of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane is 0.10-0.45 μm. Can realize higher water flux, ensure the normal operation of the membrane distillation process and improve the water quality of the outlet water of the membrane distillation.
The invention also includes a system for treating a body of oil-containing water, comprising:
the coagulation device is used for coagulating the oil-containing water body to obtain the coagulated oil-containing water body;
the water inlet device is used for conveying the coagulated oil-containing water body to one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating;
the air charging device is used for charging air to the uncoated side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, and the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer;
the processing device is used for electrically heating the graphene coating, and water molecules in the oil-containing water body penetrate through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating and enter between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer;
and the water collecting device is used for collecting the water condensed on the condensation layer.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts a method of carrying out coagulation treatment and resistance-air gap type membrane distillation treatment together, and the coagulation method is adopted to carry out pretreatment on the water body containing water, so that the integral oil removal efficiency can be improved, and the membrane pollution and membrane wetting effects can be slowed down;
2. according to the invention, a layer of graphene is coated on the film, so that the passing of oil pollutants can be hindered; the problems of membrane pollution and high membrane wetting rate in the traditional membrane distillation technology are solved by the arrangement of the graphene coating;
3. according to the invention, the direct current of 10-30V is applied to the hydrophobic porous filter membrane for heating, so that the influence of cold side water on the temperature of hot side water can be effectively reduced, and the water treatment efficiency is improved; the separation efficiency can be improved and the membrane contamination can be suppressed.
4. The invention is applied to the treatment of oil-containing water and has the advantages of simple operation, convenient installation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing method and system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a water inlet tank; 2. a hot side; 3. a PTFE filter membrane; 4. a direct current power supply; 5. a graphene coating; 6. a water passage; 7. condensation layer, 8, cold side; 9. and (4) a water outlet tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for treating an oil-containing water body includes the steps of: step 1, adding a coagulant, such as a PFS coagulant, into the oily water in the water inlet tank 1, destroying the stable structure of emulsified oil in water, and obtaining the coagulated oily water by using an air flotation method. The technology of coagulation degreasing is mature, various coagulants can be selected, the method is simple and easy to operate, and the degreasing rate is high.
And 2, conveying the coagulated oil-containing water body into a hot side 2 through a water inlet pipe, wherein the hot side is the side communicated with the oil-containing water body, namely the side with the graphene coating 5 on the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, as shown in fig. 1.
And 3, introducing air to the side, without the coating, of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, wherein the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer 7.
And 4, electrically heating the graphene coating 5 to enable two sides of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane to generate a vapor pressure difference, wherein water vapor in the oil-containing water body passes through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating 5, enters the air gap and is condensed on the surface of the condensation layer 7. The graphene coating 5 effectively prevents oil from passing through, and an aqueous solution can pass through, under the action of steam pressure difference on two sides of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, moisture in an oil-polluted water source permeates membrane pores of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane in a steam form to enter a condensation layer 7 of an air gap for condensation, and non-volatile components are intercepted on the hot side 2 of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, so that the aim of separating or purifying a mixture is fulfilled.
And 5, allowing the water vapor to enter between the condensation layer 7 and the hydrophobic porous filter membrane through the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, wherein the side is a cold side 8, the air gap is in the cold side 8, the other side of the condensation layer 7 is communicated with circulating condensate water, the condensation layer 7 is condensed by the circulating condensate water, the water vapor entering the air gap of the cold side 8 is condensed into water, and the water is collected. In the method, the hydrophobic porous filter membrane is a PTFE filter membrane 3.
In this embodiment, the oil-containing water body includes an oil-contaminated water source, oil-containing wastewater, and the like. The stable structure of the emulsified oil is destroyed by adding the coagulant, so that oil substances in the wastewater are removed, and various coagulants can be selected, such as PAC coagulant. The method is simple and easy to operate, and has high oil removal rate. The graphene coating 5 in this embodiment may be replaced with a C3N4 coating. The oily water body is oily wastewater or a water source polluted by oil.
In the embodiment, the graphene coating 5 is heated to prevent the influence of cold side water on the temperature of hot side water, the temperature of the hot side of the PTFE filter membrane 3 is set to be 50-80 ℃, the temperature of condensed water is 15 ℃, the cross flow speed of two sides of the membrane is adjusted to be 5-20 mm/s, and the PTFE filter membrane 3 with the aperture of 0.10-0.30 mu m is selected, so that high water outlet flux can be realized, the normal operation of membrane distillation can be ensured, and the water quality of outlet water of membrane distillation is improved. The direct current power supply 4 is electrically connected with the graphene coating 5 and used for heating the graphene coating 5, and the voltage range of the external direct current power supply 4 is 10-30V and is safe voltage.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for treating an oil-containing water body includes: coagulation system, water installations, aerating device, processing apparatus and water-collecting device. The coagulation device is used for coagulating the oil-containing water body to obtain the coagulated oil-containing water body; the method for obtaining the oil-containing water body is an air floatation method, and the air floatation method specifically comprises the steps of adhering highly dispersed micro bubbles serving as carriers to pollutants in the wastewater, enabling the buoyancy of the pollutants to be larger than gravity and floating resistance, enabling the pollutants to float to the water surface to form foams, and scraping the foams from the water surface by using a slag scraping device to realize the process of solid-liquid or liquid-liquid separation. The water inlet device is used for conveying the coagulated oil-containing water body to one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating 5; and the air charging device is used for charging air to the uncoated side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, and the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer 7. The processing device is used for electrically heating the graphene coating 5, and water molecules in the oil-containing water body penetrate through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating and enter between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer; and the water collecting device is used for collecting the water condensed on the condensation layer. The hydrophobic porous filter membrane in the system is a PTFE filter membrane 3.
The system also comprises a condensate water circulating device, wherein the condensate water circulating device comprises a water outlet tank 9 and a circulating water pipe, one end of the circulating water pipe is connected with the water outlet tank 9, and the other end of the circulating water pipe is connected to one side of the condensation layer 7. The water outlet tank 9 is filled with condensed water, two circulating water pipes are arranged, and the two circulating water pipes form a circulating water path, so that the condensed water in the water outlet tank 9 circulates at one side of the water outlet tank 9 and the condensing layer 7. The condensed water keeps the condensation layer 7 at a low temperature, and the water vapor entering the cold side 8 is condensed into water to be collected. A water passing channel 6 is arranged between the cold-side condensation layer 7 and the PTFE filtering membrane 3 and is used for providing a water and gas passage, and the water passing channel 6 is arranged for preventing the PTFE filtering membrane 3 from being attached to the condensation layer 7.
In this embodiment, the water inlet system includes into water tank 1 and inlet tube, and the one end of inlet tube is connected with into water tank 1, and the other end communicates the one side that has graphite alkene coating 5 on PTFE filtration membrane 3. The water inlet tank 1 is also internally provided with a heating device, and the electric heating device can be electrically heated, in particular an electric heating plate. The heating device is used for heating the liquid in the water inlet tank 1. Wherein the heating temperature is 40-75 ℃.
The PTFE filter membrane condensation device further comprises a water collecting device, wherein the water collecting device comprises a water collecting tank and a water collecting pipe, one end of the water collecting pipe is communicated between the PTFE filter membrane 3 and the condensation layer 7, and the other end of the water collecting pipe is communicated with the water collecting tank. The water condensed at the cold side 8 enters the water collecting tank through the water collecting pipe, and the condensed water is collected.
The general procedure used was: and a coagulant is added into the water inlet tank 1 containing the oily wastewater to coagulate the oily water, and the coagulated oily water is sent into the hot side of the PTFE filter membrane 3, namely the side with the graphene coating 5, through the water inlet pipe. The inlet tube has two, constitutes circulation water route, realizes the oiliness water and circulates between case 1 and PTFE filtration membrane 3 and the hot side of intaking. The graphene coating 5 is electrically heated, and water molecules in the oil-containing water body enter the air gap and are condensed on the surface of the condensation layer 7. The condensed water enters the water collecting tank through the water collecting pipe to complete purification and collection. According to the invention, the graphene layer 5 is coated on the PTFE filter membrane 3, so that the oil pollutants can be prevented from passing through; the problem of high membrane pollution rate which can occur in the traditional membrane distillation technology is relieved through the arrangement of the graphene coating. The invention adopts a pair of resistance-air gap type membrane distillation methods, not only improves the separation efficiency, but also can inhibit the membrane pollution problem.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (4)
1. A method for treating an oil-containing water body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coagulating the oil-containing water body in a water inlet tank to obtain the coagulated oil-containing water body; the water inlet tank is also provided with a heating device, and the heating device is used for heating liquid in the water inlet tank, wherein the heating temperature is 40-75 ℃;
sending the coagulated oil-containing water body to one side of a hydrophobic porous filter membrane with a graphene coating; the aperture of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane is 0.10-0.45 mu m;
introducing air to the uncoated side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, wherein the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer;
electrically heating the graphene coating, wherein water molecules in the oil-containing water body penetrate through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating and enter between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer;
collecting water condensed on the condensation layer;
introducing circulating condensed water into one side of the condensation layer;
the electric heating graphene coating adopts direct current, wherein the power supply voltage is 10-30V;
the thickness of the graphene coating is 10-100 mu m.
2. A system for treating a body of oil-containing water, comprising:
the water inlet tank is used for coagulating the oily water body to obtain the coagulated oily water body; the water inlet tank is also provided with a heating device, and the heating device is used for heating liquid in the water inlet tank, wherein the heating temperature is 40-75 ℃;
the water inlet pipe is used for conveying the coagulated oil-containing water body to one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating; the aperture of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane is 0.10-0.45 mu m;
the air charging device is used for charging air to the uncoated side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane, and the air forms an air gap between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer;
the processing device is used for electrically heating the graphene coating, and water molecules in the oil-containing water body penetrate through one side of the hydrophobic porous filter membrane with the graphene coating and enter between the hydrophobic porous filter membrane and the condensation layer;
a water collecting means for collecting water condensed on the condensation layer;
the thickness of the graphene coating is 10-100 mu m.
3. The system for treating an oily water body according to claim 2, further comprising a condensate circulating device comprising an outlet tank and a circulating water pipe, wherein one end of the circulating water pipe is connected with the outlet tank, and the other end is connected to one side of the condensation layer.
4. The system for treating an oily water body according to claim 2, wherein said water collecting means comprises a water collecting tank and a water collecting pipe, one end of said water collecting pipe is communicated between said hydrophobic porous filter membrane and said condensation layer, and the other end is communicated with said water collecting tank.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104888496A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-09-09 | 江苏大学 | Method for coating surface of underwater oleophobic net film with nano-material |
| CN105217705A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of PPCPs class Waste Water Treatment and method |
| JP2016198745A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-12-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Produced water treatment system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016198745A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-12-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Produced water treatment system |
| CN104888496A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-09-09 | 江苏大学 | Method for coating surface of underwater oleophobic net film with nano-material |
| CN105217705A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of PPCPs class Waste Water Treatment and method |
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