CN110113278A - A kind of Modulation Mode Recognition method based on all-digital receiver - Google Patents
A kind of Modulation Mode Recognition method based on all-digital receiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN110113278A CN110113278A CN201910362765.2A CN201910362765A CN110113278A CN 110113278 A CN110113278 A CN 110113278A CN 201910362765 A CN201910362765 A CN 201910362765A CN 110113278 A CN110113278 A CN 110113278A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0012—Modulated-carrier systems arrangements for identifying the type of modulation
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Abstract
The Modulation Mode Recognition method based on all-digital receiver that the invention discloses a kind of.The present invention estimates carrier frequency and three dB bandwidth the following steps are included: step 1, do FFT transform to the measurement and control signal that accepting device receives；Step 2 completes down coversion, filtering and resampling using the carrier frequency that estimation obtains；Step 3 passes through phase-locked loop tracking frequency offset to the low frequency signal after Orthogonal Decomposition, distinguishes fsk signal and AM_FM, MTONE_FM signal using frequency-tracking curve；Step 4 identifies AM_FM, MTONE_FM signal by doing FFT transform to the frequency-tracking curve for including modulation intelligence.The present invention has operand simple, easy to accomplish on hardware.The present invention can accurately be judged in all-digital receiver the narrowband FM signal of fsk signal and complex modulated that recognition correct rate is better than based on traditional signal transient frequency spectrum discerning method.
Description
Technical field
Present invention is generally directed to signal detections and Frequency Estimation, relate generally to a kind of modulation methods based on all-digital receiver
Formula recognition methods.
Background technique
In practical electronic reconnaissance environment, the signal of transmission is often mixed with wideband digital modulated signal and narrow band signal
The case where conjunction occurs, this just needs to realize Modulation Mode Recognition research to the signal of communication received.And in each seed ginseng of signal
In the case that number (signal bandwidth, modulation system) is unknown, so that signal reconnaissance identification difficulty becomes larger.
The Modulation Mode Recognition method used at present mainly has the recognition methods research based on signal cycle spectrum, based on letter
The recognition methods research of number Higher Order Cumulants, is based on the recognition methods of signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure, is based on instantaneous frequency spectrum discrimination method.It is based on
Although instantaneous frequency spectrum discrimination method operates simply, but cannot narrowband FM signal to complex modulated realize modulation system
Identification, and be easy to be influenced by factors such as noises, higher signal-to-noise ratio is often required that in identification.Tune based on signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure
Mode recognition methods processed is a kind of PSK/QAM signal modulate, to realize Modulation Mode Recognition, it is necessary to complete to receive letter
The accurate estimation of number carrier frequency and signal are fully synchronized.Modulation Recognition of Communication Signal based on signal cycle spectrum analysis is ground
Study carefully, by extracting the Variance feature of signal cycle spectrum envelope amplitude come Classification and Identification and using this side of Higher-Order Statistics Characteristics
Method realizes Modulation Mode Recognition by each rank cumulant parameter.Both methods is computationally intensive, parameter extraction calculating process difficulty
The on-line analysis of height, signal is poor, it is difficult to apply in practical engineering project.
Based on the above analysis it is found that current Modulation Identification method is mainly for PSK/QAM signal, for narrow broadband modulus
The identification of mixed signal, current recognition methods recognition performance rapid decrease.And current recognizer is computationally intensive, hard
It is realized on part difficult.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, realize the signal reconnaissance of FSK, AM_FM, MTONE_FM.This
Invention proposes a kind of Modulation Mode Recognition method based on all-digital receiver.Inventive algorithm has better identity
Can, and the narrowband FM signal of complex modulated can be distinguished, and the complexity of algorithm is not high, can realize on hardware.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems the following steps are included:
Step 1 does FFT transform to the measurement and control signal that accepting device receives, and estimates carrier frequency and three dB bandwidth；
Step 2 completes down coversion, filtering and resampling using the carrier frequency that estimation obtains；
Step 3 passes through phase-locked loop tracking frequency offset to the low frequency signal after Orthogonal Decomposition, and frequency-tracking curve is utilized to distinguish
Fsk signal and AM_FM, MTONE_FM signal out；
Step 4 identifies AM_FM, MTONE_FM by doing FFT transform to the frequency-tracking curve for including modulation intelligence
Signal.
Step 1 is implemented as follows:
1-1. does 1024 FFT transform to the signal received, finds out the corresponding abscissa value of Amplitude maxima P, calculates
Signal frequency f out0；
Make an uproar size SNR at the bottom of 1-2. maximizing point place respective frequenciesest, thus calculate the thresholding of three dB bandwidth
Value, frequency range corresponding higher than thresholding value part is the bandwidth threshold of signal:
Step 2 is implemented as follows:
2-1. is according to the signal frequency f being calculated0, down coversion, low-pass filtering, CIC are carried out to signal and extracted to reduce
Data rate；
This procedural representation are as follows:
Signal is mixed according to the result that signal frequency is just estimated is received, low-pass filtering filters out and frequency component, obtains
FM multiplex modulated signal in-phase signal and orthogonal signalling may be expressed as:
2-2. distinguishes narrowband (AM_FM, MTONE_FM) signal and broadband fsk signal according to three dB bandwidth.If narrowband
Signal needs to carry out sampling rate CIC500 times and extracts to reduce sampling rate, if broadband signal is then needed to sampling rate
CIC2 times is carried out to extract.
Step 3 is implemented as follows:
Signal after 3-1. Orthogonal Decomposition is multiplied with the original frequency of local voltage controlled oscillator, and low-pass filtering obtains same phase
Component and quadrature component.The road signal I and the road Q may be expressed as: at this time
In formula, TSFor the sampling interval of signal, KfFor frequency modulation, Δ f is the signal and voltage controlled oscillation after down coversion
Device initial frequency difference, m (t) are modulated signal；
fcIndicate the carrier frequency of signal, n indicates number of sampling points；
Using the orthogonal signal of this two-way as the input signal of phase discriminator.Phase demodulation equation may be expressed as:
Because arc tangent and division arithmetic are difficult to realize on hardware, following phase demodulation equation can be used to replace:
3-2. phase demodulation equation obtains phase error information, and phase demodulation error result is filtered out by second-order loop and frequency division
Amount, input voltage of the difference frequency component as voltage controlled oscillator, error levels off to zero after loop stability, realization frequency-tracking.
Step 4 is implemented as follows:
Carrier synchronization loop tracks of the 4-1. based on all-digital phase-locked loop are frequency informations, and AM, MTONE signal modulation exist
In frequency, therefore the reflection of frequency-tracking curve is modulation intelligence, by doing to the signal containing frequency information that phaselocked loop tracks
FFT transform, it is different according to modulation intelligence frequency spectrum characteristic, Modulation Mode Recognition may be implemented.And the frequency meeting of fsk signal tracking
It jumps, narrowband (AM_FM, MTONE_FM) signal and broadband can be distinguished by the spectrogram of tracking frequency binding signal
Fsk signal.
4-2.AM_FM signal tracks to obtain frequency information by carrier loop, and AM signal modulation is in frequency, by right
Frequency information does FFT operation, an available apparent spectrum peak.And it is done by the frequency information to MTONE_FM signal
FFT operation, because MTONE signal modulation is in frequency, from simulation result it can be seen that there is multiple spectrum peaks.Obviously, Ke Yitong
The number of search spectrum peak value is crossed to distinguish AM_FM signal and MTONE_FM signal.Specific method is calculated to induction signal frequency
The average value of spectrum finds out the more crest values bigger than average value, so that it is determined that the number of frequency impulse component.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
1. the present invention is in the case where reconnaissance signal unknown parameters, such as carrier frequency, modulation system etc. is all unknown.
Modulation Mode Recognition may be implemented.
2. the present invention contains modulation intelligence by the frequency information that phaselocked loop tracks, realize multiplex modulated signal (AM_FM,
MTONE_FM Modulation Mode Recognition), discrimination are higher than the recognition methods commonly based on signal transient frequency spectrum.
3. calculation amount of the present invention is simple, be easy to hardware realization, can be very good in actual engineering project using, have compared with
High realistic meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
The Modulation Identification method block diagram of user information is extracted in Fig. 1 present invention based on carrier synchronization loop；
Fig. 2 three dB bandwidth estimates flow chart；
Fig. 3 fsk signal carrier synchronization frequency offset tracking curve；
The frequency information of Fig. 4 AM_FM signal carrier synchronized tracking；
The frequency information of Fig. 5 MTONE_FM signal carrier synchronized tracking；
Fig. 6 AM_FM signal trace include modulation intelligence frequency signal FFT spectrum figure；
Fig. 7 MTONE_FM signal trace include modulation intelligence frequency signal FFT spectrum figure；
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of signal type Identification method based on all-digital receiver, the specific implementation process is as follows:
Step 1 does FFT transform to the measurement and control signal that accepting device receives, and estimates carrier frequency and three dB bandwidth, specific implementation
Flow chart is as shown in Figure 2；
Step 2 completes down coversion, filtering and resampling etc. using the frequency that estimation obtains；
Step 3 passes through phase-locked loop tracking frequency offset to the low frequency signal after Orthogonal Decomposition, and frequency-tracking curve is utilized to distinguish
Fsk signal and AM_FM, MTONE_FM signal are respectively such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3 out, shown in Fig. 4；
Step 4 identifies AM_FM, MTONE_FM by doing FFT transform to the frequency-tracking curve for including modulation intelligence
Signal, as shown in Figure 5,6.
Step 1 is implemented as follows:
1-1. does 1024 FFT transform to the signal received, finds out the corresponding abscissa value of Amplitude maxima P, calculates
Carrier frequency f outc；
Make an uproar size SNR at the bottom of respective frequencies at 1-2. maximizing pointest, three dB bandwidth estimate flow chart it is as shown in Figure 2.
It is possible thereby to calculate the threshold value of three dB bandwidth, frequency range corresponding higher than thresholding value part is the bandwidth of signal；
Step 2 is implemented as follows:
For 2-1. according to the carrier frequency being calculated, doing Orthogonal Decomposition to signal becomes I, Q two-way, is filtered out by low-pass filtering mixed
Signal after frequency is extracted using CIC to reduce data rate；
This process can indicate are as follows:
Generation is filtered out by low-pass filter after the result that signal frequency is just estimated is mixed signal according to receiving
And frequency component, obtain FM multiplex modulated signal may be expressed as: with phase and orthogonal signalling
2-2. distinguishes narrowband (AM_FM, MTONE_FM) signal and broadband fsk signal according to three dB bandwidth.If narrowband
Signal needs to carry out sampling rate CIC500 times and extracts to reduce sampling rate, if broadband signal is then needed to sampling rate
CIC2 times is carried out to extract.
Step 3 is implemented as follows:
Signal after 3-1. Orthogonal Decomposition obtains in-phase component and just after being multiplied with the original frequency of local voltage controlled oscillator
Hand over component.The road signal I and the road Q may be expressed as: at this time
In formula, TSFor the sampling interval of signal, KfFor frequency modulation, Δ f indicates the signal after down coversion and voltage-controlled vibration
Device initial frequency difference is swung, m (t) is modulated signal.
Using the orthogonal signal of this two-way as the input signal of phase discriminator.Phase demodulation equation may be expressed as:
Because arc tangent and division arithmetic are difficult to realize on hardware, following phase demodulation equation can be used to replace:
3-2. phase demodulation equation obtains phase error information, and phase demodulation error result is filtered out by second-order loop and frequency division
Amount, input voltage of the difference frequency component as voltage controlled oscillator, error levels off to zero after loop stability, realization frequency-tracking.
Step 4 is implemented as follows:
Carrier synchronization loop tracks of the 4-1. based on all-digital phase-locked loop are frequency informations, such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 5.
AM, MTONE signal modulation are in frequency, therefore the reflection of frequency-tracking curve is modulation intelligence, passes through what is tracked to phaselocked loop
Signal containing frequency information does FFT transform, different according to modulation intelligence frequency spectrum characteristic, and Modulation Mode Recognition may be implemented.And
Fsk signal tracking frequency will appear jump, by the spectrogram of tracking frequency binding signal can distinguish narrowband (AM_FM,
MTONE_FM) signal and broadband fsk signal.
4-2.AM_FM signal tracks to obtain frequency information by carrier loop, and AM signal modulation is in frequency, by right
Frequency information does FFT operation, an available apparent spectrum peak, as shown in Figure 6.And pass through the frequency to MTONE_FM signal
Rate information does FFT operation, because MTONE signal modulation in frequency, from simulation result it can be seen that there is multiple spectrum peaks, is such as schemed
Shown in 7.Obviously, AM_FM signal and MTONE_FM signal can be distinguished by the number of search spectrum peak value.Specific method is
The average value for calculating corresponding signal spectrum finds out the more crest values bigger than average value, so that it is determined that frequency impulse component
Number.
Embodiment:
Signal is China Electronic Science and Technology Corporation using Agilent E4438C transmission modulated signal, and uses sample frequency
For 200M AD sampling plate acquire AM_FM, MTONE_FM, fsk signal, wherein the bandwidth of fsk signal be 6.4MHz, AM_FM,
The bandwidth of MTONE_FM signal is 200kHz.
Input signal is first done into FFT transform, obtains the spectrogram of signal, estimate the carrier frequency of signal and finds out three dB bandwidth,
Distinguish narrowband and broadband signal.Next using the carrier frequency of estimation as down converted frequencies, down coversion is completed, CIC is extracted and low
Pass filter.If narrow band signal, needs to carry out sample frequency CIC500 times and extract to reduce sampling rate, it is same to be sent to carrier wave
It walks in loop.If broadband signal needs to carry out CIC2 times to extract, it is sent to tracking frequency information in carrier synchronization loop.It is adjusting
During mode processed identifies, whether can be jumped according to bandwidth and the frequency information of tracking distinguish fsk signal and AM_FM,
MTONE_FM signal.Because tracking frequency curve reflection be modulated signal information, can by include modulation letter
The frequency information of breath does FFT transform, to distinguish the narrowband FM signal of complex modulated.It is obtained by test result, it is of the invention
For method test result when signal-to-noise ratio is 2dB, 4dB and 6dB, discrimination respectively corresponds 95.5%, 98.5% and 100.And it is current
Common instantaneous spectrum Modulation Mode Recognition method is difficult to come out both signal distinguishings.
Embodiment the result shows that, this patent based on all-digital receiver narrow broadband signal Modulation Mode Recognition algorithm tool
There is operand simple, be easy to hardware realization, emulation run speed is fast.This patent algorithm compared to instantaneous spectrum characteristic recognition method,
It can identify the narrowband FM signal of complex modulated, there is relatively high realistic meaning.
It is finally noted that the purpose for publicizing and implementing example is to help to further understand the present invention, but this field
Technical staff be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, it is various replacement and repair
It is all possible for changing.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the scope of protection of present invention is to weigh
Subject to the range that sharp claim defines.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Modulation Mode Recognition method based on all-digital receiver, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1 does FFT transform to the measurement and control signal that accepting device receives, and estimates carrier frequency and three dB bandwidth；
Step 2 completes down coversion, filtering and resampling using the carrier frequency that estimation obtains；
Step 3 passes through phase-locked loop tracking frequency offset to the low frequency signal after Orthogonal Decomposition, is distinguished using frequency-tracking curve
Fsk signal and AM_FM, MTONE_FM signal；
Step 4 identifies that AM_FM, MTONE_FM believe by doing FFT transform to the frequency-tracking curve for including modulation intelligence
Number；
Step 1 is implemented as follows:
1-1. does 1024 FFT transform to the signal received, finds out the corresponding abscissa value of Amplitude maxima P, estimates letter
Number frequency f0；
Make an uproar size SNR at the bottom of 1-2. maximizing point place respective frequenciesest, the threshold value of three dB bandwidth is thus calculated, it is high
In the bandwidth threshold that the corresponding frequency range of thresholding value part is signal:
Step 2 is implemented as follows:
2-1. is according to the signal frequency f being calculated0, down coversion, low-pass filtering, CIC are carried out to signal and extracted to reduce data speed
Rate；
This procedural representation are as follows:
Signal is mixed according to the result that signal frequency is just estimated is received, low-pass filtering filters out and frequency component, and it is multiple to obtain FM
Closing modulated signal in-phase signal and orthogonal signalling may be expressed as:
2-2. distinguishes narrowband (AM_FM, MTONE_FM) signal and broadband fsk signal according to three dB bandwidth；If narrow band signal
It needs to carry out sampling rate CIC500 times to extract to reduce sampling rate, if broadband signal then needs to carry out sampling rate
CIC2 times is extracted；
Step 3 is implemented as follows:
Signal after 3-1. Orthogonal Decomposition is multiplied with the original frequency of local voltage controlled oscillator, and low-pass filtering obtains in-phase component
And quadrature component；The road signal I and the road Q may be expressed as: at this time
In formula, TSFor the sampling interval of signal, KfFor frequency modulation, Δ f is at the beginning of the signal and voltage controlled oscillator after down coversion
Beginning frequency difference, m (t) are modulated signal；
fcIndicate the carrier frequency of signal, n indicates number of sampling points；
Using the orthogonal signal of this two-way as the input signal of phase discriminator；Phase demodulation equation may be expressed as:
Because arc tangent and division arithmetic are difficult to realize on hardware, following phase demodulation equation can be used to replace:
3-2. phase demodulation equation obtains phase error information, and phase demodulation error result is filtered out by second-order loop and frequency component, poor
Input voltage of the frequency component as voltage controlled oscillator, error levels off to zero after loop stability, realizes frequency-tracking；
Step 4 is implemented as follows:
Carrier synchronization loop tracks of the 4-1. based on all-digital phase-locked loop are frequency informations, and AM, MTONE signal modulation are in frequency
On, therefore the reflection of frequency-tracking curve is modulation intelligence, by doing FFT change to the signal containing frequency information that phaselocked loop tracks
It changes, it is different according to modulation intelligence frequency spectrum characteristic, Modulation Mode Recognition may be implemented；And the frequency of fsk signal tracking will appear
Jump, can distinguish narrowband (AM_FM, MTONE_FM) signal and broadband FSK by the spectrogram of tracking frequency binding signal
Signal；
4-2.AM_FM signal tracks to obtain frequency information by carrier loop, and AM signal modulation is in frequency, by frequency
Information does FFT operation, an available apparent spectrum peak；And FFT fortune is done by the frequency information to MTONE_FM signal
It calculates, because MTONE signal modulation is in frequency, from simulation result it can be seen that there is multiple spectrum peaks；Obviously, search can be passed through
The number of spectrum peak distinguishes AM_FM signal and MTONE_FM signal；Specific method is to calculate putting down for corresponding signal spectrum
Mean value finds out the more crest values bigger than average value, so that it is determined that the number of frequency impulse component.
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| CN111245756A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-06-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Composite signal modulation identification method based on cascade SVM and full digital receiver |
| CN111343116A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Modulation identification method based on constellation locus diagram under dense signal environment |
| CN112162153A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-01 | 南京亿杰明信息技术有限公司 | Sine wave signal frequency estimation method based on phase straight line fitting |
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| CN117201249A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-08 | 中孚安全技术有限公司 | Signal modulation mode identification method, system and device |
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| CN112422465B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-10-22 | 上海矢元电子股份有限公司 | Signal modulation identification equipment |
| CN111245756A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-06-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Composite signal modulation identification method based on cascade SVM and full digital receiver |
| CN111245756B (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2022-07-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Composite signal modulation recognition method based on cascade SVM and full digital receiver |
| CN111343116A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Modulation identification method based on constellation locus diagram under dense signal environment |
| CN111343116B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-06-10 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Modulation identification method based on constellation locus diagram under dense signal environment |
| CN112162153A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-01 | 南京亿杰明信息技术有限公司 | Sine wave signal frequency estimation method based on phase straight line fitting |
| CN112565127A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Measurement and control signal modulation identification method based on residual error network and frequency domain graph |
| CN113014523A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-22 | 电子科技大学 | Composite modulation signal blind identification method based on fusion characteristics |
| CN113014523B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-01-11 | 电子科技大学 | Composite modulation signal blind identification method based on fusion characteristics |
| CN117201249A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-08 | 中孚安全技术有限公司 | Signal modulation mode identification method, system and device |
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