CN110108494A - Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis method - Google Patents

Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis method Download PDF

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CN110108494A
CN110108494A CN201910398614.2A CN201910398614A CN110108494A CN 110108494 A CN110108494 A CN 110108494A CN 201910398614 A CN201910398614 A CN 201910398614A CN 110108494 A CN110108494 A CN 110108494A
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diesel engine
signal
acoustic emission
cylinder
combustion chamber
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CN110108494B (en
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余永华
谢文琪
杨建国
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/12Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring vibrations

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis methods, an acoustic emission sensor is respectively arranged on the outside of engine cylinder cover and body respectively, the characteristic parameter that characterization different faults are extracted from failure mechanism, realizes the on-line monitoring to Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure and diagnosis.The present invention can be monitored diagnosis to burning chamber of diesel engine component different faults merely with two acoustic emission sensors, and type and number of sensors is few, and monitoring is comprehensive and high-efficient, easy to accomplish, have broad application prospects.

Description

Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Diesel Engine Technique Fields, and in particular to a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure On-line monitoring and diagnosis method.
Background technique
Diesel engine is the important motivity source on steamer, and diesel engine, which breaks down, will seriously affect the navigation and peace of ship Entirely, the failure of diesel engine is found in time and is diagnosed accordingly, and the safety and efficiency of ship's navigation can be improved, can also save A large amount of time cost is saved, the service efficiency of diesel engine is improved.
For now, single sensor is generallyd use in the prior art to examine a certain specific fault of diesel engine It is disconnected, it is limited to the type and arrangement quantity of sensor, the various faults of diesel engine difference component can be carried out more comprehensive Monitoring and diagnosis, will lead to two problems in this way: first is that when type and number of sensors arrange it is very few, cannot diagnose in time and and When handle diesel engine fault;Second is that cost sharply increases, the reality of monitoring diagnosis system when type and number of sensors arrangement is excessive It is now more difficult.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components Most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis method, can be to burning chamber of diesel engine component different faults merely with two acoustic emission sensors It is monitored diagnosis, type and number of sensors is few, and monitoring is comprehensive and high-efficient, and it is easy to accomplish, it has broad application prospects.
For this purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis method, respectively in engine cylinder cover With one acoustic emission sensor of each arrangement on the outside of body, the characteristic parameter of characterization different faults is extracted from failure mechanism, is realized On-line monitoring and diagnosis to Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure.
Preferably, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, suitable position respectively installs a sound on the outside of the cylinder cap of each cylinder of diesel engine and the main body for tapping side respectively Emission sensor installs a TDCS TDC Sensor in crankshaft of diesel engine or camshaft;
Step 2 is triggered with top dead centre, with 800kHz frequency collection acoustic emission signal, according to top dead centre signal extraction 340 ~355 °C of A, 370~420 °C of A, the acoustic emission signal within the scope of 340~380 °C of A and 425~500 °C of A, wherein 0 °C of A is corresponding In exhaust top dead center;
Step 3 extracts 6 time domain charactreristic parameters relevant to failure mechanism and 4 and failure machine from acoustic emission signal Manage relevant frequency domain character parameter;
Step 4 records the characteristic parameter of the common more working cycles acoustic emission signals of operating condition under diesel engine normal condition, Characteristic parameter recycle averagely, using characteristic parameter stable under normal condition as the criterion of fault diagnosis;
Step 5, in above-mentioned 10 characteristic parameters of line computation, compares in diesel engine operational process with criterion, from The working condition of burning chamber of diesel engine component is judged in mechanism;
Step 6, the judging result of comprehensive each characteristic parameter, identifies and positions trouble location, and deviate according to characteristic parameter The degree of criterion diagnoses fault severity.
Preferably, in step 1, in the top dead centre that diesel engine compression stroke to expansion stroke changes, due to piston motion side To effect to piston of change and connecting rod, piston forms percussion effect to the fixed side of cylinder sleeve near top dead center, which claims For the main percussion side of diesel engine.
Preferably, in step 1, the suitable installation position selection of sensor is sensor is mountable and each sound emission in combustion chamber Energy attenuation is smaller when source signal is acquired by the sensor, the higher position of Signal-to-Noise.
Preferably, the main acoustic emission source of burning chamber of diesel engine includes: the injection, burning, the closing of air inlet and exhaust valve of fuel oil Friction between piston ring and cylinder sleeve;Suitable installation site be each sound emission source signal to the propagation path length of sensor and The synthesis result of simple structure degree, propagation path is shorter, and the structure in path is simpler, then signal energy decaying is smaller, letter Number signal-to-noise ratio is higher.
Preferably, in step 3,6 time domain charactreristic parameters related with failure mechanism are Ews、Ecm、Rb、RS、Ra、Ro, 4 Frequency domain character parameter related with failure mechanism is PL、Ri、Pe、Pr;10 characteristic parameters in step 3 are respectively as follows:
Ews: it represents cylinder cap acoustic emission signal and corresponds to signal within the scope of 340~355 °C of A and 370~420 °C of A of cylinder combustion section Energy and, to injection pressure reduce Fault-Sensitive;
Ecm: it represents cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor and corresponds to signal energy within the scope of 340~380 °C of A of cylinder combustion section, to single cylinder Misfire fault is sensitive;
PL: signal within the scope of 25.8~31.7kHz of cylinder acoustic emission signal complete cycle is corresponded to for cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor Power, it is sensitive to fuel injector spray orifice plugging fault;
Ri: 340~380 °C of A low frequencies (23.3~28.3kHz) of cylinder combustion section and height are corresponded to for cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor Frequently the signal power ratio of (28.3~32.3kHz) section, it is sensitive to needle-valve wear-out failure;
Pe: it is corresponded in 340~380 °C of a-signal 8~41kHz frequency bands of cylinder combustion section for cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor Signal power, it is sensitive to exhaust valve principal fault;
Pr: the signal power in 425~500 °C of 8~39.7kHz of A section of cylinder is corresponded to for acoustic emission sensor on the outside of body, To piston ring scuffing Fault-Sensitive;
Meanwhile diesel combustion section acoustic emission signal is divided into three sections: 1. 340~355 °C of sections A, the section Signal represent gas in-cylinder combustion in advance and initial combustion intensity;2. 355~370 °C of sections A, the wayside signaling represent quick burning With the intensity of ormal combustion period burning;3. 370~420 °C of sections A, the wayside signaling represent the degree of diesel engine after-burning;It counts respectively The signal energy for calculating these three sections is respectively Eb、EsAnd Ea, the gross energy in three sections is Eo;By when different faults state this Four parameters are divided by with the normal value of corresponding operating condition respectively, and obtaining four ratios is respectively Rb、Rs、RaAnd Ro
Preferably, the accounting equation of the acoustic emission signal sometime time domain energy in window are as follows:
Wherein, E is signal energy (V in time-domain window2S), v (n) is acoustic emission signal voltage magnitude (V), n1And n2Point Not Wei time-domain window sampling lower and upper limit, △ t is sampling time interval (s), the as inverse of sample rate;
The power calculation equation of acoustic emission signal are as follows:
Wherein, P is the power (V of acoustic emission signal2), it is also equal to square of the RMS value of time-domain signal;B and a is respectively frequency The frequency limits (Hz) of rate section;P (i) is the amplitude (V of acoustic emission signal power spectral density (PSD)2·Hz-1);△ f is frequency It is spaced (Hz).
Preferably, Step 3: the sound emission signal characteristic ginseng of different faults state can be distinguished in step 4 and step 5 Number be according to the feature extraction of different sound emission driving sources come out, can be carried out by diesel engine fault simulation test verifying and Calibration.
Preferably, in step 5 and step 6, the relationship of each characteristic parameter changing rule and different faults degree can lead to Fault simulating test is crossed, is quantified according to the variation of indicated work, or quantified by data trend analysis.
Preferably, the burning chamber of diesel engine component most common failure includes that injection pressure reduces, single cylinder catches fire, spray orifice blocks up Plug, needle-valve abrasion, exhaust valve gas leakage and piston ring scuffing.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention is achieved that the prison of a variety of main components in diesel combustion room merely with two acoustic emission sensors Diagnosis is surveyed, each acoustic emission sensor signal message is taken full advantage of.
(2) combustion chamber components multiple faults monitoring, diagnosing is carried out the invention proposes the characteristic parameter using characterization different faults Method.
(3) present invention has extensive use space, applicable band model on the monitoring, diagnosing of burning chamber of diesel engine component Width is enclosed, signal-to-noise ratio is high, can effectively reduce destruction of the sensor installation to diesel engine.
(4) present invention monitoring is comprehensive and high-efficient, easy to accomplish, monitoring, diagnosing, realization in burning chamber of diesel engine component There is broad prospect of application on the comprehensive diagnos of marine engine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side provided by the present invention The flow chart of method.In Fig. 1, Ews、Ecm、PL、Ri、PeAnd PrRespectively injection pressure reduces, single cylinder catches fire, fuel injector spray orifice blocks, The characteristic parameter of needle-valve abrasion, exhaust valve gas leakage and piston ring scuffing failure, Rb、RS、RaAnd RoRespectively represent diesel engine difference The characteristic parameter of combustion phases strength information, Ews0、Ecm0、PL0、Ri0、Pe0And Pr0The respectively normal value of character pair parameter, i.e., For the foundation of diesel engine state judgement.
Fig. 2 is diesel engine cylinder cover sensor mounting location PcSchematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is acoustic emission sensor schematic view of the mounting position.P in figurecFor diesel engine cylinder cover acoustic emission sensor installation position It sets, PbSide body outer sensors installation site is tapped for diesel oil owner.
Fig. 4 is the signal spacing schematic diagram of diesel engine single cylinder valve timing diagram and extraction.Wherein θ1For intake advance angle, θ2 For exhaust valve retard angle, θ3For inlet valve retard angle, θ4For exhaust advance angle, W1For 340~355 °C of a-signal sections, W2For 370~ 420 °C of a-signal sections, W3For 340~380 °C of a-signal sections, W4For 425~500 °C of a-signal sections.
Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 d is oil spout state diagram after the blocking of different fuel injector spray orifices.Fig. 5 a is normal condition, and Fig. 5 b is stifled 1 hole Situation, Fig. 5 c are stifled 2 hole situations, and Fig. 5 d is stifled 3 hole situations.
Fig. 6 a- Fig. 6 b is the needle-valve polishing location drawing.Fig. 6 a is normal needle-valve, and Fig. 6 b is needle-valve after sand paper polishing.
Fig. 7 a- Fig. 7 d is the polishing degree oil spout state diagram of different needle-valves.Fig. 7 a is normal condition, and Fig. 7 b is polishing one side shape Condition, Fig. 7 c are polishing both sides situation, and Fig. 7 d is one round condition of polishing.
Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 c is different gas leakage degree exhaust valve pictorial diagrams.Fig. 8 a is a groove, and Fig. 8 b is two slots, and Fig. 8 c is Three slots.
Fig. 9 is different degree of wear compression ring pictorial diagrams.
The P of 330~420 °C of A of burning zone when Figure 10 is diesel engine 1000r/min, 50% load difference injection pressurecMeasuring point Acoustic emission signal.
P when Figure 11 is diesel engine 1000r/min, airport logistic park is normal and is caught firecO'clock sharp periodic signal.
Figure 12 is diesel engine 1000r/min, 50% 330~420 °C of A burning zone P of load different spray nozzles blocking amountcThe sound of point Emit signal.
Figure 13 is diesel engine 1000r/min, 50% 330~420 °C of A burning zone P of the load needle-valve difference degree of wearcPoint sound Emit signal.
Figure 14 is diesel engine 1000r/min, 50% load exhaust valve difference gas leakage degree PcPeriod o'clock sharp acoustic emission signal.
Figure 15 is diesel engine 1000r/min, 50% load piston ring difference degree of wear body outside PbMeasuring point complete cycle Acoustic emission signal.
Figure 16 a- Figure 16 b is characterized parameter EwsReduce the diagnosis of fault degree to diesel engine difference operating condition difference injection pressure As a result.Figure 16 a corresponds to revolving speed 1000r/min, different load, and Figure 16 b corresponds to airport logistic park, different rotating speeds.
Figure 17 is characterized parameter EcmTo the diagnostic result of diesel air load different rotating speeds single cylinder misfire fault.
Figure 18 a- Figure 18 b is characterized parameter PLTo the diagnosis knot of diesel engine difference operating condition difference spray orifice plugging fault degree Fruit.Figure 18 a corresponds to revolving speed 1000r/min, different load, and Figure 18 b corresponds to airport logistic park, different rotating speeds.
Figure 19 a- Figure 19 b is characterized parameter RiTo the diagnosis knot of diesel engine difference operating condition difference needle-valve wear-out failure degree Fruit.Figure 19 a corresponds to revolving speed 1000r/min, different load, and Figure 19 b corresponds to airport logistic park, different rotating speeds.
Figure 20 a- Figure 20 b is characterized parameter PeTo the diagnosis knot of diesel engine difference operating condition difference exhaust valve principal fault degree Fruit.Figure 20 a corresponds to revolving speed 1000r/min, different load, and Figure 20 b corresponds to airport logistic park, different rotating speeds.
Figure 21 a- Figure 21 b is characterized parameter PrTo the diagnosis knot of diesel engine difference operating condition difference piston ring scuffing fault degree Fruit.Figure 21 a corresponds to revolving speed 1000r/min, different load, and Figure 21 b corresponds to airport logistic park, different rotating speeds.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment come the present invention will be described in detail, specific embodiment therein and explanation only For explaining the present invention, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
Below by taking black bavin Z6170 type marine diesel as an example, its combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis is introduced Method, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure provided in the present embodiment is monitored on-line Diagnostic method has used burning chamber of diesel engine unit failure simulation test data, is extracted characterization different faults and fault degree Characteristic parameter, carried out the monitoring, diagnosing of the combustion chamber components multiple faults based on FEATURE PARAMETERS OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION, including following Step:
1) energy attenuation is smaller on the outside of diesel engine cylinder cover and main percussion side body, the higher position peace of signal-to-noise ratio of signal Two acoustic emission sensors are filled, one TDCS TDC Sensor is installed at diesel engine flywheel end, acquires top dead centre and acoustic emission signal. Fig. 2 show the cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor installation site P of the 1st cylinder of Z6170 diesel enginec, Fig. 3 show Z6170 type diesel oil Cylinder cap P in machine cross sectioncInstallation site and main percussion side body outer sensors installation site PbSchematic diagram.
2) it is triggered with top dead centre, with 800kHz frequency collection acoustic emission signal, is believed according to top dead centre signal extraction sound emission Number 340~355 °C of A, 370~420 °C of A, signal within the scope of 340~380 °C of A and 425~500 °C of A, Valve Timing of Diesel Engine and The signal spacing of extraction is as shown in Figure 4.
3) E is extracted from acoustic emission signalws、Ecm、Rb、RS、RaAnd Ro6 time domain charactreristic parameters relevant to failure mechanism, PL、Ri、Pe、Pr4 frequency domain character parameters relevant to failure mechanism.
4) under diesel engine normal condition, the characteristic parameter of the common more working cycles acoustic emission signals of operating condition is recorded, to spy Sign parameter recycle averagely, using characteristic parameter stable under normal condition as the criterion of fault diagnosis.
5) in diesel engine operational process, in line computation Ews、Ecm、PL、Ri、Pe、Pr、Rb、RS、RaAnd Ro10 feature ginsengs Number, compares with criterion, the working condition of diesel engine is judged from mechanism.
To study the method for the present invention to the diagnosis effect of combustion chamber components different faults and different faults degree, the present embodiment A series of combustion chamber components fault simulating tests have been carried out, the acoustic emission signal of different faults and different faults degree is acquired, The modeling scheme of different faults and different faults degree are as follows:
Injection pressure reduces: being 0.7mm (0.1mm/ piece, totally 7 adjusting pads in normal fuel injector adjustment gasket overall thickness Piece) on the basis of reduce by 1,2 and 3 adjustment gasket respectively, simulate three kinds of different fault degrees.Utilize injection pressure mark Determine device to measure the fuel injector injection pressure of three kinds of fault degrees to be respectively that 26MPa, 22MPa and 18MPa (are normally 27.5MPa), different degrees of injection pressure reduction failure fuel injector is replaced to the 1st cylinder of diesel engine when test (from flywheel end) Middle operation, all fault simulations are also using the 1st cylinder as object below;
Single cylinder catches fire: diesel engine operation when, remove the 1st cylinder injector high-pressure oil pipe, make fuel injector can not oil spout, mould Quasi- misfire fault;
The blocking of fuel injector spray orifice: in the case where the other conditions of normal fuel injector are constant, 5 spray orifices of nozzle are blocked respectively 1,2 and 3 holes, the oil spout state after normal and blocking is respectively as shown in Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 d;
Needle-valve abrasion: one side, both sides and the whole circle for needle-valve sealing surface of being polished respectively using sand paper, sand paper burnishing part is as schemed Shown in 6a- Fig. 6 b, fuel injector oil spout state is as shown in Fig. 7 a- Fig. 7 d after polishing.Wherein, when needle-valve is polished a circle, oil spout Clear and melodious sound when device opens valve oil spout disappears, while with oil dripping phenomenon;
Exhaust valve gas leakage: cutting 1,2 and 3 1mm × 6mm slot respectively on the basis of normal air valve, on exhaust valve The slot of the different number of cutting is respectively as shown in Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 c, by two exhaust valves Zhi Genghuan therein in the 1st cylinder when test For gas leakage air valve;
Piston ring scuffing: respectively by the top compression ring inner radii and interface gap of diesel engine abrasion 0.2mm × 1mm, 0.4mm × 2mm and 0.6mm × 3mm.The compression ring of three kinds of degrees of wear is as shown in Figure 9.
The sound of different faults and different faults degree when Figure 10 to Figure 15 is respectively diesel engine 1000r/min, 50% load Emit time-domain signal.
6) judging result of comprehensive each characteristic parameter identifies and positions trouble location, and deviates criterion according to characteristic parameter Degree, diagnose fault severity.
Figure 16 a- Figure 16 b, Figure 17, Figure 18 a- Figure 18 b, Figure 19 a- Figure 19 b, Figure 20 a- Figure 20 b, Figure 21 a- Figure 21 b are to mention The diagnostic result of different faults and different faults degree when each FEATURE PARAMETERS OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION taken is to diesel engine difference operating condition, can When obtaining the operating condition in diesel engine 1000r/min different load and the above revolving speed of airport logistic park 800r/min, characteristic parameter is diagnosable It has combustion chamber components failure and different fault degrees.R when table 1 is diesel engine 1000r/min different loadb、RS、RaAnd RoFour A characteristic parameter counts the diagnostic result of different faults.Comprehensive all characteristic values as a result, the method for the present invention can efficient diagnosis Burning chamber of diesel engine component different faults and different faults degree out.
Diagnostic result of 1 1000r/min different load of table, four ratios to different faults
In conclusion the present invention is to be examined based on the monitoring of acoustic emission burning chamber of diesel engine component after using above scheme The extraction of disconnected characteristic parameter provides a kind of new method, is applied to burning chamber of diesel engine component running state recognition, can The diagnosis for effectively monitoring combustion chamber components most common failure, before having broad based growth on intelligent marine engine and intelligent cabin Scape is worthy to be popularized.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Made any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within spirit.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis method, it is characterised in that: exist respectively An acoustic emission sensor is respectively arranged on the outside of engine cylinder cover and body, and the feature of characterization different faults is extracted from failure mechanism Parameter realizes the on-line monitoring to Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure and diagnosis.
2. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1, suitable position is installed a sound emission respectively and is passed on the outside of the cylinder cap and the main body for tapping side of each cylinder of diesel engine Sensor installs a TDCS TDC Sensor in crankshaft of diesel engine or camshaft;
Step 2 is triggered with top dead centre, with 800kHz frequency collection acoustic emission signal, according to top dead centre signal extraction 340~ 355 °C of A, 370~420 °C of A, the acoustic emission signal within the scope of 340~380 °C of A and 425~500 °C of A, wherein 0 °C of A corresponds to Exhaust top dead center;
Step 3 extracts 6 time domain charactreristic parameters relevant to failure mechanism and 4 and failure mechanism phase from acoustic emission signal The frequency domain character parameter of pass;
Step 4 records the characteristic parameter of the common more working cycles acoustic emission signals of operating condition, to spy under diesel engine normal condition Sign parameter recycle averagely, using characteristic parameter stable under normal condition as the criterion of fault diagnosis;
Step 5, in above-mentioned 10 characteristic parameters of line computation, compares, from mechanism in diesel engine operational process with criterion The working condition of upper judgement burning chamber of diesel engine component;
Step 6, the judging result of comprehensive each characteristic parameter identify and position trouble location, and deviate criterion according to characteristic parameter Degree, diagnose fault severity.
3. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that: in step 1, in the top dead centre that diesel engine compression stroke to expansion stroke changes, due to piston motion side To effect to piston of change and connecting rod, piston forms percussion effect to the fixed side of cylinder sleeve near top dead center, which claims For the main percussion side of diesel engine.
4. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that: in step 1, the suitable installation position selection of sensor is sensor is mountable and each acoustic emission source in combustion chamber Energy attenuation is smaller when signal is acquired by the sensor, the higher position of Signal-to-Noise.
5. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that: the main acoustic emission source of burning chamber of diesel engine include: the injection of fuel oil, burning, the closing of air inlet and exhaust valve and Friction between piston ring and cylinder sleeve;Suitable installation site is propagation path length and knot of each sound emission source signal to sensor The synthesis result of structure ease, propagation path is shorter, and the structure in path is simpler, then smaller, the signal of signal energy decaying Signal-to-noise ratio is higher.
6. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that: in step 3,6 time domain charactreristic parameters related with failure mechanism are Ews、Ecm、Rb、RS、Ra、Ro, 4 Frequency domain character parameter related with failure mechanism is PL、Ri、Pe、Pr;10 characteristic parameters in step 3 are respectively as follows:
Ews: represent the energy that cylinder cap acoustic emission signal corresponds to signal within the scope of 340~355 °C of A and 370~420 °C of A of cylinder combustion section It measures and Fault-Sensitive is reduced to injection pressure;
Ecm: it represents cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor and corresponds to signal energy within the scope of 340~380 °C of A of cylinder combustion section, catch fire to single cylinder Fault-Sensitive;
PL: signal power within the scope of 25.8~31.7kHz of cylinder acoustic emission signal complete cycle is corresponded to for cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor, It is sensitive to fuel injector spray orifice plugging fault;
Ri: 340~380 °C of A low frequencies (23.3~28.3kHz) of cylinder combustion section and high frequency are corresponded to for cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor The signal power ratio of (28.3~32.3kHz) section, it is sensitive to needle-valve wear-out failure;
Pe: the signal function in 340~380 °C of a-signal 8~41kHz frequency bands of cylinder combustion section is corresponded to for cylinder cap acoustic emission sensor Rate, it is sensitive to exhaust valve principal fault;
Pr: the signal power in 425~500 °C of 8~39.7kHz of A section of cylinder is corresponded to for acoustic emission sensor on the outside of body, to work Plug ring wear-out failure is sensitive;
Meanwhile diesel combustion section acoustic emission signal is divided into three sections: 1. 340~355 °C of sections A, the signal in the section Represent gas in-cylinder combustion in advance and initial combustion intensity;2. 355~370 °C of sections A, it is gentle which represents quick burning The intensity of combustion phase burning;3. 370~420 °C of sections A, the wayside signaling represent the degree of diesel engine after-burning;Calculate separately this The signal energy in three sections is respectively Eb、EsAnd Ea, the gross energy in three sections is Eo;By this four when different faults state Parameter is divided by with the normal value of corresponding operating condition respectively, and obtaining four ratios is respectively Rb、Rs、RaAnd Ro
7. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 6 Method, it is characterised in that: the accounting equation of the acoustic emission signal sometime time domain energy in window are as follows:
Wherein, E is signal energy (V in time-domain window2S), v (n) is acoustic emission signal voltage magnitude (V), n1And n2Respectively The sampling lower and upper limit of time-domain window, △ t are sampling time interval (s), the as inverse of sample rate;
The power calculation equation of acoustic emission signal are as follows:
Wherein, P is the power (V of acoustic emission signal2), it is also equal to square of the RMS value of time-domain signal;B and a is respectively frequency band Frequency limits (Hz);P (i) is the amplitude (V of acoustic emission signal power spectral density (PSD)2·Hz-1);△ f is frequency interval (Hz)。
8. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that: Step 3: the sound emission signal characteristic ginseng of different faults state can be distinguished in step 4 and step 5 Number be according to the feature extraction of different sound emission driving sources come out, can be carried out by diesel engine fault simulation test verifying and Calibration.
9. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure on-line monitoring and diagnosis side according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that: in step 5 and step 6, the relationship of each characteristic parameter changing rule and different faults degree can pass through Fault simulating test carries out quantization according to the variation of indicated work or is quantified by data trend analysis.
10. a kind of Marine Medium-speed Diesel Engine combustion chamber components most common failure according to any one of claim 1 to 9 is online Monitoring, diagnosing method, it is characterised in that: the burning chamber of diesel engine component most common failure includes that injection pressure reduces, single cylinder loses Fire, spray orifice blocking, needle-valve abrasion, exhaust valve gas leakage and piston ring scuffing.
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CN110530647A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-03 大连海事大学 Internal combustion engine health monitor method based on acoustic emission and instantaneous speed of crankshaft
CN111595585A (en) * 2020-05-08 2020-08-28 湖南挚新科技发展有限公司 Diesel engine cylinder fault diagnosis method, device and equipment and readable storage medium
CN113033055A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-25 武汉理工大学 Marine engine state evaluation method and system based on digital twins

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