A kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and application for cereal crops volume increase
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to it is a kind of for cereal crops volume increase Fertilizer Combination, make
Use methods and applications.
Background technique
Wheat and rice are the main cereal crops in China, and the stable high yield of grain is basic to national food security is ensured
Effect.The application of fertilizer is that increases in grain production are made that huge contribution.Under intensive agricultural, excess has been put into order to pursue high yield
Chemical fertilizer, especially nitrogenous fertilizer.It is excessive to put into the utilization efficiency for reducing fertilizer, affect economic benefit.Research shows that nitrogenous fertilizer
Amount of application be not it is The more the better, when nitrogenous fertilizer is excessively applied, there is law of diminishing returns, rice strain usually caused to love long remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe, disease pest
It lays particular stress on, setting percentage is relatively low, influences yield instead, and the excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizer both directly and indirectly results in a series of ring
Border problem causes Secondary Resource disaster.
Urea nitrogen content is high in the prior art, is that nitrogenous highest fertilizer and vast farmers are favorite in solid nitrogenous fertilizer
Nitrogen fertilizers, but if the bad utilization rate that will cause of control is low, serious person's burn seedlings causes cereal crops low output, and to ring
It causes greatly to pollute in border.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and applications for cereal crops volume increase.Benefit
It not only contributes to increase the yield of cereal crops with Fertilizer Combination of the invention, while having saved the dosage and cost of fertilizer.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for cereal crops volume increase, comprising:
The mass ratio of base manure and top dressing, the base manure and top dressing is 2:1~3:1;
The base manure includes compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, the mass ratio of the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture be (40~
66): (34~60);
The fertilizer mixture includes urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is (1~2):
(2~3);
The top dressing includes urea.
Preferably, the mass percent of N P and K is (10~20): (10~20): (10~20) in the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium chloride and/or ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, the nitrogen content of urea is 46% in the top dressing.
The present invention also provides the application methods of the Fertilizer Combination described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising: broadcasts in cereal crops
It ploughs before kind and applies base manure, the amount of application of the base manure is 30~40kg per acre;Top dressing is applied before cereal crops tiller.
Preferably, the top dressing application in two dressings, total amount of application of the top dressing are 10~20kg per acre, second of application
Amount is 2 times of first time amount of application.
Preferably, the time interval of the top dressing twice is 10~15d.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote answering in the increase of cereal crops tiller number
With.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote the application in the increase of cereal crops spike number.
Preferably, the cereal crops include wheat or rice.
The present invention provides a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for cereal crops volume increase, and the Fertilizer Combination is by base manure and top dressing group
At.The increase that can promote tiller number in rice and kernel growth course using Fertilizer Combination of the invention facilitates the volume increase of rice and kernel;Its
In, fertilizer mixture is made of urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and lower than urea nitrogen content, use can be saved into agricultural production
This, at the same it is short the time required to fertilizer efficiency performance, and nutrient loss is few, can reduce environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is impact effect figure of 4 different fertilization of embodiment to rice plant growth and yield, wherein the left side
For the rice for applying control group fertilizer;The right side is the rice for applying Fertilizer Combination of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides it is a kind of for cereal crops volume increase Fertilizer Combination, comprising: base manure and top dressing, the base manure and
The mass ratio of top dressing is 2:1~3:1;The base manure includes compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture
Mass ratio be (40~66): (34~60);The fertilizer mixture includes urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, the urea and ammoniacal nitrogen
The mass ratio of fertilizer is (1~2): (2~3);The top dressing includes urea.
In the present invention, the base manure is made of compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, can be promoted the tiller of rice and kernel, is conducive to
The increase of yield.The present invention is not particularly limited the hybrid mode of the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, is mixed using conventional
Conjunction method.
In the present invention, the mass percent of N P and K is preferably (10~20): (10~20): (10 in the compound fertilizer
~20), more preferably 15:15:15.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the compound fertilizer, using conventional commercial product
?.
In the present invention, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium chloride and/or ammonium sulfate, when the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is preferably chlorination
When ammonium and ammonium sulfate, it is preferred to use etc. quality mixed.The present invention is not special to the source of the ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate
It limits, using conventional commercial product.In the present invention, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer also mentions in addition to being capable of providing a great number of elements nitrogen
The sulphur and chlorine microelement of crop growth are supplied.
In the present invention, nitrogen content is preferably 46% in the urea.The present invention is not special to the source of the urea
It limits, using conventional commercial product.
The present invention also provides the application methods of the Fertilizer Combination described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising: broadcasts in cereal crops
It ploughs before kind and applies base manure, the amount of application of the base manure is 30~40kg per acre;Top dressing is applied before cereal crops tiller.
In the present invention, when the cereal crops are preferably wheat, top dressing preferably is carried out in the tri-leaf period of wheat.
In the present invention, the preferred application in two dressings of the top dressing, total amount of application of the top dressing preferably per acre 10~
20kg, second of amount of application are 2 times of first time amount of application.In the present invention, the time interval of the top dressing twice is preferably
10~15d.
In the present invention, when the cereal crops are preferably rice, top dressing preferably is carried out after rice transplanting 20 days.This
Invention is not particularly limited the method for application of the top dressing, using conventional topdressing method.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote answering in the increase of cereal crops tiller number
With.In the present invention, the cereal crops preferably include wheat or rice.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote the application in the increase of cereal crops spike number.
In the present invention, the cereal crops preferably include wheat or rice.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment in the present invention, the technical solution in the present invention is clearly and completely described.It is aobvious
So, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to wheat
It is handled, processing result such as table 1.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species,
Middle fertility.Preceding stubble is Huaihe River rice No. 5, and test variety is peaceful wheat 13.Wheat October 29 is sowed, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre base
30 kilograms of fertile dosage.The mixing composition that base manure is made by urea and ammonium sulfate is proportionally mixed with compound fertilizer, mixture
Quality account for the 34% of base manure, in mixture the mass ratio of urea and ammonium chloride be 1:2.Base manure only applies urea in control group, often
Mu dosage is 12.8 kilograms, identical as the pure nitrogen level of base manure in the present invention.
Top dressing (tri-leaf period of wheat) before tiller starts, and is divided into and imposing twice, first time dosage is urinated for 5 kilograms per acre
Element, 10 kilograms of urea of top dressing again per acre after 12 days.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-15%-
15%, the nitrogen content of urea is 46%.
Influence of 1 different disposal of table to wheat tillering
As shown in Table 1, Basic Seedling difference is little, but in peak seedling, and present invention processing is averagely 102.3 ten thousand per acre,
Increase by 1.0 ten thousand per acre than compareing, effectively promotes the tiller of wheat.In terms of number of productive ear, the present invention is than compareing per acre
Increase by 1.3 ten thousand fringes, the final percentage of earbearing tiller present invention improves 0.9% than control, facilitates the raising of wheat yield.
Embodiment 2
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to wheat
It is handled, processing result such as table 2.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species,
Middle fertility.Preceding stubble is Huaihe River rice No. 5, and test variety is peaceful wheat 13.Wheat October 29 is sowed, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre base
40 kilograms of fertile dosage.The mixture that base manure is made by urea and ammonium chloride is proportionally mixed with compound fertilizer, mixture
Quality accounts for the 60% of base manure, and the mass ratio of urea and ammonium sulfate is 2:3 in mixture.Base manure only applies urea in control group, per acre
Dosage is 21.1 kilograms.
Top dressing (tri-leaf period of wheat) before tiller starts, and is divided into and imposing twice, first time dosage is urinated for 4.4 kilograms per acre
Element, 8.9 kilograms of urea of top dressing again per acre after 12 days.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-
15%-15%, the nitrogen content of urea are 46%.
Influence of 2 different disposal of table to wheat tillering
It is compared as shown in Table 2 with control group, in the case where Basic Seedling is reduced, peak seedling of the invention is significantly more
In etc. nitrogen quantity control group, increase 4.4 ten thousand per acre, greatly facilitated the tiller of wheat.The final percentage of earbearing tiller of the present invention
1.3% is improved than control group, facilitates the raising of wheat yield.
Embodiment 3
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to rice
It is handled, processing result such as table 3.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species,
Middle fertility.Soil organic matter content 22.0g/kg, total nitrogen content of soil 1.45g/kg, soil pH value 7.9.Preceding stubble is barley,
Test variety is Huaihe River rice No. 5.Rice is in rice transplanting on June 23, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre 36 kilograms of base manure dosage.Base manure is by urinating
The mixture that element and ammonium chloride are made into proportionally is mixed with compound fertilizer, and the quality of mixture accounts for the 50% of base manure, mixing
The mass ratio of urea and ammonium chloride is 7:12 in object.Base manure only applies urea in control group, and dosage is 18.4 kilograms per acre.
Rice transplanting started top dressing after 20 days, is divided into and imposing twice, and first time dosage is 4 kilograms of urea per acre, after 12 days per acre
8 kilograms of urea of top dressing again.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-15%-15%, and urea contains
Nitrogen quantity is 46%.
Influence of 3 different disposal of table to rice seedlings
Rice is in rice transplanting on June 23, and then section continuously records 4 rice shoot situations in different times, at every minor tick 1 week
Between.The result counted from table 3 is it is found that the Basic Seedling number of two kinds of processing is identical.But with the growth of growth time, utilize this
The rice seedlings of the Fertilizer Combination of invention than etc. nitrogen quantity control group than obviously increase, from July 8 to July 22, rice shoot per acre
Number is 1.5 ten thousand or more more.And also it is higher than etc. pair of nitrogen quantity using the stem tiller number in Fertilizer Combination each period of the invention
According to group, it is seen then that Fertilizer Combination of the invention can effectively promote the tiller of rice.
Embodiment 4
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to rice
It is handled, processing result such as table 4.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species,
Middle fertility.Soil organic matter content 22.0g/kg, total nitrogen content of soil 1.45g/kg, soil pH value 7.9.Preceding stubble is barley,
Test variety is Huaihe River rice No. 5.Rice is in rice transplanting on June 23, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre 40 kilograms of base manure dosage.Base manure is by multiple
The mixture that Hefei is made into urea and ammonium chloride proportionally mixes, and the quality of mixture accounts for the 34% of base manure, mixing
The mass ratio of urea and ammonium chloride is 1:2 in object.Base manure only applies urea in control, and dosage is 17.9 kilograms per acre
Rice transplanting started top dressing after 20 days, is divided into and imposing twice, and first time dosage is 4.4 kilograms of urea per acre, every after 12 days
Mu 8.9 kilograms of urea of top dressing again.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-15%-15%, urea
Nitrogen content be 46%.
Influence of 4 different fertilization of table to rice plant growth and yield
After Fertilizer Combination of the present invention processing, average plant height is reduced to 86.67 centimetres by 89.33 centimetres compareed,
Blade area averagely increases 0.53cm2, but the root long of plant and stem thickness are poorer than control treatment.It can be seen from the above result that
Fertilizer Combination of the invention can make paddy growth more sturdy, and root system is also than more developed.It is bright by yield monitoring table, two kinds of fertilising sides
Case has a certain impact for rice yield tool, and the present invention handles yield and increases 6.66%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.