CN110105125A - A kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and application for cereal crops volume increase - Google Patents

A kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and application for cereal crops volume increase Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110105125A
CN110105125A CN201910457886.5A CN201910457886A CN110105125A CN 110105125 A CN110105125 A CN 110105125A CN 201910457886 A CN201910457886 A CN 201910457886A CN 110105125 A CN110105125 A CN 110105125A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
application
top dressing
cereal crops
urea
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CN201910457886.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李建刚
董元华
徐启来
王升
于洪喜
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Institute of Soil Science of CAS
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Institute of Soil Science of CAS
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Priority to CN201910457886.5A priority Critical patent/CN110105125A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and applications for cereal crops volume increase, are related to technical field of agricultural fertilizers.Fertilizer Combination of the present invention includes: base manure and top dressing, and the mass ratio of the base manure and top dressing is 2:1~3:1;The base manure includes compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, and the mass ratio of the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture is (40~66): (34~60);The fertilizer mixture includes urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is (1~2): (2~3);The top dressing includes urea.It not only contributes to increase the yield of cereal crops using Fertilizer Combination of the invention, while also saving fertilizer amount and cost.

Description

A kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and application for cereal crops volume increase
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to it is a kind of for cereal crops volume increase Fertilizer Combination, make Use methods and applications.
Background technique
Wheat and rice are the main cereal crops in China, and the stable high yield of grain is basic to national food security is ensured Effect.The application of fertilizer is that increases in grain production are made that huge contribution.Under intensive agricultural, excess has been put into order to pursue high yield Chemical fertilizer, especially nitrogenous fertilizer.It is excessive to put into the utilization efficiency for reducing fertilizer, affect economic benefit.Research shows that nitrogenous fertilizer Amount of application be not it is The more the better, when nitrogenous fertilizer is excessively applied, there is law of diminishing returns, rice strain usually caused to love long remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe, disease pest It lays particular stress on, setting percentage is relatively low, influences yield instead, and the excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizer both directly and indirectly results in a series of ring Border problem causes Secondary Resource disaster.
Urea nitrogen content is high in the prior art, is that nitrogenous highest fertilizer and vast farmers are favorite in solid nitrogenous fertilizer Nitrogen fertilizers, but if the bad utilization rate that will cause of control is low, serious person's burn seedlings causes cereal crops low output, and to ring It causes greatly to pollute in border.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and applications for cereal crops volume increase.Benefit It not only contributes to increase the yield of cereal crops with Fertilizer Combination of the invention, while having saved the dosage and cost of fertilizer.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for cereal crops volume increase, comprising:
The mass ratio of base manure and top dressing, the base manure and top dressing is 2:1~3:1;
The base manure includes compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, the mass ratio of the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture be (40~ 66): (34~60);
The fertilizer mixture includes urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is (1~2): (2~3);
The top dressing includes urea.
Preferably, the mass percent of N P and K is (10~20): (10~20): (10~20) in the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium chloride and/or ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, the nitrogen content of urea is 46% in the top dressing.
The present invention also provides the application methods of the Fertilizer Combination described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising: broadcasts in cereal crops It ploughs before kind and applies base manure, the amount of application of the base manure is 30~40kg per acre;Top dressing is applied before cereal crops tiller.
Preferably, the top dressing application in two dressings, total amount of application of the top dressing are 10~20kg per acre, second of application Amount is 2 times of first time amount of application.
Preferably, the time interval of the top dressing twice is 10~15d.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote answering in the increase of cereal crops tiller number With.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote the application in the increase of cereal crops spike number.
Preferably, the cereal crops include wheat or rice.
The present invention provides a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for cereal crops volume increase, and the Fertilizer Combination is by base manure and top dressing group At.The increase that can promote tiller number in rice and kernel growth course using Fertilizer Combination of the invention facilitates the volume increase of rice and kernel;Its In, fertilizer mixture is made of urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and lower than urea nitrogen content, use can be saved into agricultural production This, at the same it is short the time required to fertilizer efficiency performance, and nutrient loss is few, can reduce environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is impact effect figure of 4 different fertilization of embodiment to rice plant growth and yield, wherein the left side For the rice for applying control group fertilizer;The right side is the rice for applying Fertilizer Combination of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides it is a kind of for cereal crops volume increase Fertilizer Combination, comprising: base manure and top dressing, the base manure and The mass ratio of top dressing is 2:1~3:1;The base manure includes compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture Mass ratio be (40~66): (34~60);The fertilizer mixture includes urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, the urea and ammoniacal nitrogen The mass ratio of fertilizer is (1~2): (2~3);The top dressing includes urea.
In the present invention, the base manure is made of compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, can be promoted the tiller of rice and kernel, is conducive to The increase of yield.The present invention is not particularly limited the hybrid mode of the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, is mixed using conventional Conjunction method.
In the present invention, the mass percent of N P and K is preferably (10~20): (10~20): (10 in the compound fertilizer ~20), more preferably 15:15:15.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the compound fertilizer, using conventional commercial product ?.
In the present invention, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium chloride and/or ammonium sulfate, when the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is preferably chlorination When ammonium and ammonium sulfate, it is preferred to use etc. quality mixed.The present invention is not special to the source of the ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate It limits, using conventional commercial product.In the present invention, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer also mentions in addition to being capable of providing a great number of elements nitrogen The sulphur and chlorine microelement of crop growth are supplied.
In the present invention, nitrogen content is preferably 46% in the urea.The present invention is not special to the source of the urea It limits, using conventional commercial product.
The present invention also provides the application methods of the Fertilizer Combination described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising: broadcasts in cereal crops It ploughs before kind and applies base manure, the amount of application of the base manure is 30~40kg per acre;Top dressing is applied before cereal crops tiller.
In the present invention, when the cereal crops are preferably wheat, top dressing preferably is carried out in the tri-leaf period of wheat.
In the present invention, the preferred application in two dressings of the top dressing, total amount of application of the top dressing preferably per acre 10~ 20kg, second of amount of application are 2 times of first time amount of application.In the present invention, the time interval of the top dressing twice is preferably 10~15d.
In the present invention, when the cereal crops are preferably rice, top dressing preferably is carried out after rice transplanting 20 days.This Invention is not particularly limited the method for application of the top dressing, using conventional topdressing method.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote answering in the increase of cereal crops tiller number With.In the present invention, the cereal crops preferably include wheat or rice.
The present invention also provides Fertilizer Combinations described in above-mentioned technical proposal to promote the application in the increase of cereal crops spike number. In the present invention, the cereal crops preferably include wheat or rice.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment in the present invention, the technical solution in the present invention is clearly and completely described.It is aobvious So, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to wheat It is handled, processing result such as table 1.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species, Middle fertility.Preceding stubble is Huaihe River rice No. 5, and test variety is peaceful wheat 13.Wheat October 29 is sowed, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre base 30 kilograms of fertile dosage.The mixing composition that base manure is made by urea and ammonium sulfate is proportionally mixed with compound fertilizer, mixture Quality account for the 34% of base manure, in mixture the mass ratio of urea and ammonium chloride be 1:2.Base manure only applies urea in control group, often Mu dosage is 12.8 kilograms, identical as the pure nitrogen level of base manure in the present invention.
Top dressing (tri-leaf period of wheat) before tiller starts, and is divided into and imposing twice, first time dosage is urinated for 5 kilograms per acre Element, 10 kilograms of urea of top dressing again per acre after 12 days.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-15%- 15%, the nitrogen content of urea is 46%.
Influence of 1 different disposal of table to wheat tillering
As shown in Table 1, Basic Seedling difference is little, but in peak seedling, and present invention processing is averagely 102.3 ten thousand per acre, Increase by 1.0 ten thousand per acre than compareing, effectively promotes the tiller of wheat.In terms of number of productive ear, the present invention is than compareing per acre Increase by 1.3 ten thousand fringes, the final percentage of earbearing tiller present invention improves 0.9% than control, facilitates the raising of wheat yield.
Embodiment 2
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to wheat It is handled, processing result such as table 2.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species, Middle fertility.Preceding stubble is Huaihe River rice No. 5, and test variety is peaceful wheat 13.Wheat October 29 is sowed, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre base 40 kilograms of fertile dosage.The mixture that base manure is made by urea and ammonium chloride is proportionally mixed with compound fertilizer, mixture Quality accounts for the 60% of base manure, and the mass ratio of urea and ammonium sulfate is 2:3 in mixture.Base manure only applies urea in control group, per acre Dosage is 21.1 kilograms.
Top dressing (tri-leaf period of wheat) before tiller starts, and is divided into and imposing twice, first time dosage is urinated for 4.4 kilograms per acre Element, 8.9 kilograms of urea of top dressing again per acre after 12 days.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%- 15%-15%, the nitrogen content of urea are 46%.
Influence of 2 different disposal of table to wheat tillering
It is compared as shown in Table 2 with control group, in the case where Basic Seedling is reduced, peak seedling of the invention is significantly more In etc. nitrogen quantity control group, increase 4.4 ten thousand per acre, greatly facilitated the tiller of wheat.The final percentage of earbearing tiller of the present invention 1.3% is improved than control group, facilitates the raising of wheat yield.
Embodiment 3
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to rice It is handled, processing result such as table 3.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species, Middle fertility.Soil organic matter content 22.0g/kg, total nitrogen content of soil 1.45g/kg, soil pH value 7.9.Preceding stubble is barley, Test variety is Huaihe River rice No. 5.Rice is in rice transplanting on June 23, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre 36 kilograms of base manure dosage.Base manure is by urinating The mixture that element and ammonium chloride are made into proportionally is mixed with compound fertilizer, and the quality of mixture accounts for the 50% of base manure, mixing The mass ratio of urea and ammonium chloride is 7:12 in object.Base manure only applies urea in control group, and dosage is 18.4 kilograms per acre.
Rice transplanting started top dressing after 20 days, is divided into and imposing twice, and first time dosage is 4 kilograms of urea per acre, after 12 days per acre 8 kilograms of urea of top dressing again.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-15%-15%, and urea contains Nitrogen quantity is 46%.
Influence of 3 different disposal of table to rice seedlings
Rice is in rice transplanting on June 23, and then section continuously records 4 rice shoot situations in different times, at every minor tick 1 week Between.The result counted from table 3 is it is found that the Basic Seedling number of two kinds of processing is identical.But with the growth of growth time, utilize this The rice seedlings of the Fertilizer Combination of invention than etc. nitrogen quantity control group than obviously increase, from July 8 to July 22, rice shoot per acre Number is 1.5 ten thousand or more more.And also it is higher than etc. pair of nitrogen quantity using the stem tiller number in Fertilizer Combination each period of the invention According to group, it is seen then that Fertilizer Combination of the invention can effectively promote the tiller of rice.
Embodiment 4
On the Jiangsu farm land reclamation and cultivation group Xin Yang, be utilized respectively Fertilizer Combination of the invention and etc. nitrogen quantity control group to rice It is handled, processing result such as table 4.For examination soil be salt great soil group, damp solonchak subclass, earth tide salt penus, earth desalination soil species, Middle fertility.Soil organic matter content 22.0g/kg, total nitrogen content of soil 1.45g/kg, soil pH value 7.9.Preceding stubble is barley, Test variety is Huaihe River rice No. 5.Rice is in rice transplanting on June 23, basal dressing when ploughing, per acre 40 kilograms of base manure dosage.Base manure is by multiple The mixture that Hefei is made into urea and ammonium chloride proportionally mixes, and the quality of mixture accounts for the 34% of base manure, mixing The mass ratio of urea and ammonium chloride is 1:2 in object.Base manure only applies urea in control, and dosage is 17.9 kilograms per acre
Rice transplanting started top dressing after 20 days, is divided into and imposing twice, and first time dosage is 4.4 kilograms of urea per acre, every after 12 days Mu 8.9 kilograms of urea of top dressing again.The N-P of compound fertilizer used2O5-K2The percentage composition of O mass is 15%-15%-15%, urea Nitrogen content be 46%.
Influence of 4 different fertilization of table to rice plant growth and yield
After Fertilizer Combination of the present invention processing, average plant height is reduced to 86.67 centimetres by 89.33 centimetres compareed, Blade area averagely increases 0.53cm2, but the root long of plant and stem thickness are poorer than control treatment.It can be seen from the above result that Fertilizer Combination of the invention can make paddy growth more sturdy, and root system is also than more developed.It is bright by yield monitoring table, two kinds of fertilising sides Case has a certain impact for rice yield tool, and the present invention handles yield and increases 6.66%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Fertilizer Combination for cereal crops volume increase characterized by comprising
The mass ratio of base manure and top dressing, the base manure and top dressing is 2:1~3:1;
The base manure includes compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture, and the mass ratio of the compound fertilizer and fertilizer mixture is (40~66): (34~60);
The fertilizer mixture includes urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the urea and ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is (1~2): (2~ 3);
The top dressing includes urea.
2. Fertilizer Combination according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mass percent of N P and K is in the compound fertilizer (10~20): (10~20): (10~20).
3. Fertilizer Combination according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium chloride and/or sulfuric acid Ammonium.
4. Fertilizer Combination according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen content of urea is 46% in the top dressing.
5. the application method of Fertilizer Combination described in Claims 1 to 4 any one characterized by comprising in cereal crops It ploughs before sowing and applies base manure, the amount of application of the base manure is 30~40kg per acre;Top dressing is applied before cereal crops tiller.
6. the application method of Fertilizer Combination according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the top dressing application in two dressings, institute The total amount of application for stating top dressing is that 10~20kg, second of amount of application are 2 times of first time amount of application per acre.
7. the application method of Fertilizer Combination according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the time interval of the top dressing twice For 10~15d.
8. Fertilizer Combination described in Claims 1 to 4 any one is promoting the application in the increase of cereal crops tiller number.
9. Fertilizer Combination described in Claims 1 to 4 any one is promoting the application in the increase of cereal crops spike number.
10. according to the application of claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that the cereal crops include wheat or rice.
CN201910457886.5A 2019-05-29 2019-05-29 A kind of Fertilizer Combination, application method and application for cereal crops volume increase Pending CN110105125A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101851128A (en) * 2009-10-14 2010-10-06 李勇 Plant compound fertilizer
CN102010270A (en) * 2010-12-10 2011-04-13 绵阳台沃农业科技有限责任公司 Rice field base application multi-effect nutrient
CN105085057A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-11-25 南京翠京元生物科技有限公司 Biological type organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and method for preparing same
CN106187444A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-12-07 万里神农有限公司 A kind of cereal crop special organic slow-release fertilizer and application thereof
CN109400337A (en) * 2017-08-15 2019-03-01 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 A kind of fertilizer and its preparation and application for promoting rice and wheat tiller to increase production
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Inventor after: Li Jiangang

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Inventor after: Dong Yuanhua

Inventor after: Xu Qilai

Inventor after: Wang Sheng

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