CN110104909B - Filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater and wastewater treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater and wastewater treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110104909B CN110104909B CN201910512994.8A CN201910512994A CN110104909B CN 110104909 B CN110104909 B CN 110104909B CN 201910512994 A CN201910512994 A CN 201910512994A CN 110104909 B CN110104909 B CN 110104909B
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- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000589651 Zoogloea Species 0.000 description 9
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/07—Alkalinity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/104—Granular carriers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/106—Carbonaceous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater and a wastewater treatment method thereof, wherein the filter tank consists of a pretreatment unit (1), an adjusting tank (2), a water pump, a three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3), a carbon source tank (14), a carbon source pump (15), a dosing pipe (16), a second electric valve (17), a total water outlet (13), a low-pressure fan (21), a main air pipe (20), a heating device (19) and a third electric valve (18); by adopting the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane filter process, the defects of large carbon source and alkalinity adding amount, high energy consumption of deep water aeration oxygen supply and low conduction efficiency in the traditional process are overcome, and the high-efficiency and low-cost treatment of the low-carbon-nitrogen-ratio chemical sewage is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical sewage and a sewage treatment method thereof.
Technical Field
The chemical wastewater with low carbon nitrogen ratio can not meet the requirement of microorganism growth in the traditional activated sludge method and MBR method process because of low COD or almost no COD, and further can not form a zoogloea structure, thereby leading to strain loss. At present, in order to solve the problem, the traditional process selects that a carbon source is added to the water according to the carbon nitrogen ratio of 5:1, so that the activity of micro life, the stability of zoogloea structure and the carbon source required by denitrification are ensured. After the sewage with the additional carbon source enters the aerobic nitrification section, oxygen in the water body is not only provided for nitrifying bacteria in the zoogloea to remove ammonia nitrogen, but also provided for other aerobic bacteria in the zoogloea to remove COD, so that ineffective consumption of the carbon source and dissolved oxygen is caused. Obviously, this tends to increase the cost of sewage treatment by increasing the cost of the carbon source and the cost of oxygen supply.
The oxygen supply mode of the traditional process is deep water aeration oxygen supply, oxygen in the air is utilized by zoogloea after being dissolved in the water body, and ammonia nitrogen in the water body is dissolved in the water body to form NH 4 + Is of the form of (a)Nitrifying bacteria in the zoogloea absorb and convert. In this mode, the oxygen transfer efficiency and ammonia nitrogen conversion efficiency are both low.
Further, since nitrification is a process of consuming alkalinity, and denitrification is a process of generating alkalinity. In the conventional process, since the aerobic nitrification stage and the facultative denitrification stage are separated, in order to maintain the optimum PH of the strain in the aerobic nitrification stage and add the inorganic carbon source required by the nitrification reaction, the conventional process generally adopts the addition of Na in the aerobic nitrification stage 2 CO 3 Or NaHCO 3 In a manner that maintains the PH of the water and the supply of inorganic carbon sources, which tends to increase alkalinity, thereby increasing wastewater treatment costs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater and the wastewater treatment method thereof, and the technology of three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane filter tank is adopted, so that the defects of large carbon source and alkalinity adding amount and high conduction efficiency of deep water aeration oxygen supply are overcome, and the high-efficiency and low-cost treatment of the low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater is realized.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the pretreatment device comprises a pretreatment unit (1), an adjusting tank (2), a water pump, a three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3), a carbon source tank (14), a carbon source pump (15), a dosing pipe (16), a second electric valve (17), a total water outlet (13), a low-pressure fan (21), a main air pipe (20), a heating device (19) and a third electric valve (18); the tail end of the dosing pipe (16) is divided into three dosing branch pipes, and three air pipe branch pipes (7) corresponding to the three dosing branch pipes are communicated; one end of the main air pipe (20) is provided with a low-pressure fan (21), and the main air pipe (20) is respectively provided with an air pipe branch pipe (7) at each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system; the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems (3) are formed by connecting three nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems in series from top to bottom, each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system is separated by a geomembrane (9), and each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system consists of an aerobic nitrification layer (4) and a facultative denitrification layer (5); the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3) comprises an air pipe branch pipe (7); the upper-stage facultative denitrification water outlet pipe (8) is connected with the lower-stage water distribution pipe (12), the water outlet of the upper-stage facultative denitrification layer (5) is the water inlet of the lower-stage aerobic nitrification layer (4), the water discharge time and the water level sewage of the facultative denitrification layer (5) are controlled by the first electric valve (11), and the surface-layer homogenization water distribution is carried out through the surface-layer water distribution pipe (6) at first; the low-pressure fan (21) ventilates and supplies oxygen to the aerobic nitrification layer (4) through the main air pipe (20); the ventilation interval and the ventilation sequence of each layer are controlled by a third electric valve (18); the dosing interval and the dosing time sequence of each layer are controlled by a second electric valve (17).
Preferably, the carbon source pump (15) is arranged at the bottom of the carbon source pool (14) and connected with the head end of the dosing tube (16) to provide carbon source for the dosing tube (16).
Preferably, each of the dosing branch pipes is provided with a second electrically operated valve (17).
Preferably, the main air pipe is provided with a heating device (19) near the end of the low-pressure fan (21), and the heating device (19) is started under the low-temperature condition.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for treating the chemical wastewater with low carbon nitrogen ratio, which comprises the following treatment steps:
the first step, adopting an aerobic nitrifying biological membrane filter material formed by mixing 90% of medium coarse sand, 3% of zeolite, 6% of chaff and 1% of activated sludge to carry out nitrifying section treatment.
And step two, performing denitrification treatment on a facultative denitrification biological membrane filter material formed by mixing 94% of crushed stone with 5mm to 10mm and 6% of chaff.
And thirdly, each stage of nitrification-denitrification coupling system is formed by coupling 50% of aerobic nitrification biological membrane filter materials and 50% of facultative denitrification.
And fourthly, the aerobic nitrification layer is an adsorption and drying layer, the facultative layer is a long-term water storage layer, the aerobic nitrification layer and the facultative denitrification layer are distinguished through an air pipe (shared by a carbon source pipe), the upper part of the air pipe (the carbon source pipe) is the aerobic nitrification layer, and the lower part of the air pipe is the facultative denitrification layer water storage layer. The system ventilates through the air pipe (carbon source pipe) to create an aerobic and low COD nitrification environment for the filter material layer after the upper layer falls dry, and the water storage layer with the carbon source is added through the air pipe (carbon source pipe) to create a facultative and high COD denitrification environment.
Fifth, the aerobic nitrification layer adopts a low-pressure ventilation aeration mode which is different from the traditional deep water aeration mode, and NH with positive charges is carried out in the sewage infiltration process through each stage of water distribution pipe 4 + Ions are adsorbed and enriched in the filter material and the biological film with negative charges, and after the sewage falls to dryness and then the facultative denitrification water storage layer, the filter material and the biological film are ventilated at low pressure to supply oxygen for the nitrification reaction.
The sixth step, the craft is formed by three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biomembrane systems in series, the three stages are separated by geomembranes, a primary facultative denitrification water outlet pipe is connected with a secondary water distribution pipe, and the primary facultative denitrification water outlet is the water inlet of a secondary aerobic nitrification layer; the secondary facultative denitrification water outlet pipe is connected with the tertiary water distribution pipe, and secondary facultative denitrification water outlet is tertiary aerobic nitrification layer water inlet; and the effluent of the three-stage aerobic nitrification layer is the final total effluent.
The aerobic nitrifying biological membrane filter material in the first step is prepared by uniformly mixing medium sand, zeolite, chaff and activated sludge, wherein the medium sand is used as a main carrier of a nitrifying biological membrane while being used as an adsorption filter material; zeolite is used as mixed filter material for raising NH pair 4 + Further improves the NH of the mixed filter material 4 + Is used for the adsorption capacity of the catalyst; the chaff has larger specific surface area and the characteristic of slow-release carbon source, improves the specific surface area of the mixed filter material, and simultaneously provides partial carbon source and trace elements for the biological membrane as slow-release organic carbon source.
The aerobic nitration section of the system adopts an intermittent treatment mode of adsorption and conversion, the system is divided into 8 water inlet periods and 16 ventilation periods, firstly mixed sewage uniformly enters the system from the surface layer through a water distribution pipe on the surface layer of the filter material, and the sewage is positively charged NH in the infiltration process between the aerobic filter materials 4 + Ions are adsorbed by the filter materials with negative charges on the surface layers and biological films growing between the filter materials, and after the sewage falls into the facultative denitrification filter materials after the aerobic nitrification filter materials are dried, the low-pressure ventilation is carried out on the nitrification stage through a ventilation pipe between the aerobic nitrification filter materials and the oxygen denitrification filter materials for supplyingOxygen provides oxygen for the nitration reaction. Water distribution is carried out for 3 hours and a period, the time is generally controlled within 30 minutes, and the surface load of the water inlet is controlled to be 1m 3 /m 2 * d, about; ventilating for 1.5 hours for one period, wherein the ventilating time is defined by water distribution time, primary air is introduced 1 hour before water distribution, primary air is introduced after water distribution, and the period is controlled to be about 20 minutes, and the water-vapor ratio is 1:2.
The facultative denitrification biological membrane filter material in the second step consists of 94% of crushed stone with the diameter of 5mm-10mm and 6% of chaff, wherein the crushed stone with the diameter of 5mm-10mm is used as an aerobic nitrification short supporting layer and is used as a main carrier of a denitrification biological membrane; the shell has larger specific surface area and the characteristic of slow-release carbon source, improves the specific surface area of the mixed filter material, and simultaneously provides partial carbon source and trace elements for the biological membrane as slow-release organic carbon source.
The facultative denitrification section of the system is a water storage layer, sewage passing through the aerobic nitrification layer is downwards infiltrated into the facultative denitrification layer, a carbon source required by denitrification is simultaneously added through a dosing pipe (shared by an air pipe), the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 3.5:1, sewage passing through the aerobic nitrification layer is mixed with the carbon source to be mixed and stays for more than 2 hours on the denitrification layer to perform sufficient denitrification reaction, and after the sewage is collected through a water collecting pipe at the bottom of the system and is discharged through a drain pipe connected with the sewage, the water storage level and the stay time of the facultative denitrification layer are regulated and controlled by the height of the drain pipe and a drain electric valve.
The process in the sixth step consists of three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems which are connected in series, and mainly utilizes the characteristic that the nitrifying reaction consumes alkalinity and the denitrification supplements alkalinity, and the part of alkalinity is supplemented by the upper denitrification layer in the next stage of water inflow, so that the adding amount of the alkalinity is reduced, and meanwhile, the requirement of the alkalinity of the next stage of nitrification is met by adding part of alkalinity to the carbon source pipes of each stage, so that the controllability of the system is further increased.
The invention has the following benefits:
1. the aerobic nitrification section adopts the mixed filter material of the middle sand, the zeolite, the chaff and the activated sludge in corresponding proportion as the filler, and compared with a zoogloea structure, the biological membrane taking the filter material with large specific surface area as the structural carrier has more stable structure, and does not need additional carbon source to maintain the shape, thereby reducing the consumption of the carbon source. Meanwhile, sewage flows through the surfaces of the filter materials and the biological membranes in the form of fluid in the processes of infiltration and low-pressure ventilation and oxygen supply, and compared with the stirring influence of deep water aeration and oxygen supply on zoogloea in the traditional process, the sewage has higher stability.
2. The aerobic nitrification filter material has stronger ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity besides being used as a carrier of microorganisms. In the process of infiltration of the filter material in the aerobic nitrification section, sewage is firstly intercepted and adsorbed in the filter material and the biological film, after the filter material in the aerobic nitrification section is dried, ventilation is carried out through an air pipe to supply oxygen, and nitrifying bacteria in the biological film carry out nitrifying reaction, so that a complete adsorption-reaction system is formed. Because the filter material has stronger adsorption capacity to ammonia nitrogen, the NH in the water body is dissociated 4 + The enrichment is realized, and compared with the traditional process, the treatment mode is more refined and efficient.
3. In the traditional process, the oxygen supply mode is a deep water aeration mode, and the oxygen in the air is firstly dissolved in the water body and then absorbed and utilized by zoogloea. The invention adopts a ventilation and oxygen supply mode with lower energy consumption, after sewage flows through the aerobic nitrification stage to dry, ammonia nitrogen is enriched in the filter material and the biological film due to the adsorption and interception effects of the filter material, and then the biological film attached to the filter material in the aerobic nitrification layer is directly ventilated and supplied with oxygen at low pressure through the air pipe. Compared with the traditional deep water aeration mode, the oxygen supply mode has the advantage of reducing about 80% of energy consumption while improving the oxygen conduction efficiency. In addition, when the temperature is lower in winter, the process heats the air through ventilation so that the temperature of the inlet air is not lower than 20 ℃ to maintain the activity of microorganisms.
4. The nitrification and denitrification systems of each stage of the system are coupled, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen in the nitrification layer, the nitrate nitrogen enters denitrification, and carbon dioxide generated by denitrification is supplied to the nitrification layer as an inorganic carbon source. The coupling system combines the aerobic nitrification layer and the facultative denitrification layer together longitudinally, saves the occupied area and reduces the adding amount of inorganic carbon sources.
5. The process consists of three stages of nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane systems connected in series, and geotechnical engineering is used between the three stagesThe membrane separation, the first-stage facultative denitrification water outlet pipe is connected with the second-stage water distribution pipe, and the first-stage facultative denitrification water outlet is the water inlet of the second-stage aerobic nitrification layer; the secondary facultative denitrification water outlet pipe is connected with the tertiary water distribution pipe, and secondary facultative denitrification water outlet is tertiary aerobic nitrification layer water inlet; and the effluent of the three-stage aerobic nitrification layer is the final total effluent. The process consumes 7.14g of alkalinity (GaCO by nitration 3 Calculated as GaCO) while denitrification produces 3.57g alkalinity 3 Meter), the sewage with the alkalinity reduced by the nitrification in the previous stage is supplemented with the alkalinity by the denitrification reaction of the denitrification layer of the present stage before entering the next stage, thereby reducing the addition of more than 50% of alkalinity and further reducing the running cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of sewage treatment of the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an inventive three stage nitrification-denitrification coupled biofilm system.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a pretreatment unit, a regulating tank, a three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system, an aerobic nitrification layer, a facultative denitrification layer, a surface layer water dispersing pipe, an air pipe branch pipe, a facultative denitrification water outlet pipe, a geomembrane, an air outlet, a first electric valve, a water distributing pipe, a total water outlet, a carbon source tank, a carbon source pump, a chemical adding pipe, a second electric valve, a third electric valve, a heating device, a main air pipe and a low-pressure fan.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings, but the method of implementation of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, sewage is firstly subjected to treatment such as grating, precipitation and the like by a pretreatment unit (1), then enters an adjusting tank (2), then enters a three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3) periodically, quantitatively and intermittently by a water pump, sequentially passes through the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system, and finally is discharged through a total discharge port.
As shown in fig. 2, the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems (3) are formed by connecting three nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems in series from top to bottom, each three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system (3) is formed by connecting three nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems in series from top to bottom, each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system is separated by a geomembrane (9), and each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system consists of an aerobic nitrification layer (4) and a facultative denitrification layer (5); the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3) comprises an air pipe branch pipe (7); the upper-stage facultative denitrification water outlet pipe (8) is connected with the lower-stage water distribution pipe (12), the water outlet of the upper-stage facultative denitrification layer (5) is the water inlet of the lower-stage aerobic nitrification layer (4), the water discharging time and the water level sewage of the facultative denitrification layer (5) are controlled by the first electric valve (11), the surface homogenization water distribution is firstly carried out through the surface water dispersion pipe (6), in the sewage infiltration process of the aerobic nitrification layer (4), NH4 < + > is firstly adsorbed by the aerobic nitrification filter material and the aerobic nitrification biological film with negative charges on the surface, after the sewage falls to dryness and enters the facultative denitrification layer (5), the ventilation and the oxygen supply are carried out on the aerobic nitrification layer (4) through the main air pipe (20) by the low-pressure fan (21), and the heating device (19) is started under the low-temperature condition to ensure the microbial activity; the ventilation interval and the ventilation sequence of each layer are controlled by a third electric valve (18); the air which is communicated with the second layer and the third layer is collected by the surface water distribution pipes of the second layer and the third layer and then discharged through the exhaust port (10). After sewage enters the facultative denitrification layer (5), pumping a carbon source in a carbon source pool (14) into an air pipe branch pipe (7) through a carbon source pump (15) to be mixed with the sewage, and staying for at least 2 hours in the facultative denitrification layer (5) to perform denitrification reaction; the dosing interval and the dosing time sequence of each layer are controlled by a second electric valve (17). Finally, the sewage treated by the nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane systems of each stage is discharged through a main water outlet (13).
The invention is adopted to treat rare earth tail water in foot hole mining area of Huangsha Country, ganz city, longnan county, fu Zhu Zu, and the main pollutant is NH after several months of monitoring 4 + ＝60—80mg/l,TN＝100—120mg/l，COD Cr =10 mg/l to 20mg/l; NH after being treated by the system of the invention 4 + ＝2—6mg/l，TN＝10—20mg/l，COD Cr ＝20mg/l—40mg/And l, adding a denitrification carbon source with a carbon nitrogen ratio of 3.5:1. The specific data are as follows:
in addition, the Jiangxi Tappet environmental protection technology limited company adopts the monitoring data of the rare earth tail water treatment station (4000 m 3/d) in the mountain area of the North and south mountain, and the treatment effect is as follows:
the foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made therein without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A filter tank for chemical wastewater with low carbon nitrogen ratio, which is characterized by comprising: the pretreatment device comprises a pretreatment unit (1), an adjusting tank (2), a water pump, a three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3), a carbon source tank (14), a carbon source pump (15), a dosing pipe (16), a second electric valve (17), a total water outlet (13), a low-pressure fan (21), a main air pipe (20), a heating device (19) and a third electric valve (18); the pretreatment unit (1), the regulating tank (2) and the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3) are sequentially connected; the tail end of the dosing pipe (16) is divided into three dosing branch pipes which are respectively communicated with the corresponding three air pipe branch pipes (7); one end of the main air pipe (20) is provided with a low-pressure fan (21), and the main air pipe (20) is respectively provided with an air pipe branch pipe (7) at each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system; the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems (3) are formed by connecting three nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film systems in series from top to bottom, each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system is separated by a geomembrane (9), and each nitrification-denitrification coupling biological film system consists of an aerobic nitrification layer (4) and a facultative denitrification layer (5); the three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system (3) comprises an air pipe branch pipe (7); the upper-stage facultative denitrification water outlet pipe (8) is connected with the lower-stage water distribution pipe (12), the water outlet of the upper-stage facultative denitrification layer (5) is the water inlet of the lower-stage aerobic nitrification layer (4), the water discharge time and the water level of the facultative denitrification layer (5) are controlled through the first electric valve (11), and the sewage is subjected to surface homogenization water distribution through the surface water distribution pipe (6); the low-pressure fan (21) ventilates and supplies oxygen to the aerobic nitrification layer (4) through the main air pipe (20); the ventilation interval and the ventilation sequence of each layer are controlled by a third electric valve (18); the dosing interval and the dosing time sequence of each layer are controlled by a second electric valve (17); the aerobic nitrification layer is an adsorption and drying layer, the facultative denitrification layer is a long-term water storage layer, the aerobic nitrification layer and the facultative denitrification layer are distinguished through air pipe branch pipes, the upper part of the air pipe branch pipe is an aerobic nitrification layer, and the lower part of the air pipe branch pipe is a facultative denitrification layer; the system creates an aerobic and low COD nitrification environment for the filter material layer after the upper layer falls dry through ventilation of the air pipe branch pipes, and creates a facultative and high COD denitrification environment for the facultative denitrification layer through adding carbon sources into the air pipe branch pipes.
2. The filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon source pump (15) is arranged at the bottom of the carbon source pool (14) and connected with the head end of the dosing tube (16) to provide a carbon source for the dosing tube (16).
3. The filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: and each dosing branch pipe is provided with a second electric valve (17).
4. The filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the main air pipe is provided with a heating device (19) near the end of the low-pressure fan (21), and the heating device (19) is started under the low-temperature condition.
5. A method for treating low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater by using the filter tank for low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 4; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following processing steps:
firstly, performing nitrification section treatment by adopting an aerobic nitrification biological membrane filter material formed by mixing 90% of medium coarse sand, 3% of zeolite, 6% of chaff and 1% of activated sludge;
step two, performing denitrification treatment on facultative denitrification biological membrane filter material formed by mixing 94% of crushed stone with 5mm to 10mm and 6% of chaff;
the third step, each grade of nitrification-denitrification coupling system is formed by coupling 50% of aerobic nitrification biological membrane filter materials and 50% of facultative denitrification biological membrane filter materials;
the fourth step, the aerobic nitrification layer is an adsorption and drying layer, the facultative denitrification layer is a long-term water storage layer, the aerobic nitrification layer and the facultative denitrification layer are distinguished through an air pipe branch pipe, the upper part of the air pipe branch pipe is an aerobic nitrification layer, and the lower part of the air pipe branch pipe is a facultative denitrification layer; the system creates an aerobic and low COD nitrification environment for the filter material layer after the upper layer falls dry through ventilation of the air pipe branch pipes, and creates a facultative and high COD denitrification environment for the facultative denitrification layer through adding carbon sources into the air pipe branch pipes;
fifth, the aerobic nitrification layer adopts a low-pressure ventilation aeration mode which is different from the traditional deep water aeration mode, and NH with positive charges is carried out in the sewage infiltration process through each stage of water distribution pipe 4 + Ions are adsorbed and enriched in the filter material and the biological film with negative charges, and after the sewage falls to dryness and enters the facultative denitrification water storage layer, the filter material and the biological film are ventilated at low pressure to supply oxygen for the nitrification reaction;
the sixth step, the technology is formed by three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane systems in series, the three stages are separated by a geomembrane, a primary facultative denitrification water outlet pipe is connected with a secondary water distribution pipe, and a primary facultative denitrification water outlet is a water inlet of a secondary aerobic nitrification layer; the secondary facultative denitrification water outlet pipe is connected with the tertiary water distribution pipe, and the secondary facultative denitrification water outlet is a tertiary aerobic nitrification layer water inlet; the water outlet of the three-stage aerobic nitrification layer is a final total water outlet.
6. The method for treating low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the aerobic nitrifying biological membrane filter material in the first step is prepared by uniformly mixing medium sand, zeolite, chaff and activated sludge, wherein the medium sand is used as a main carrier of a nitrifying biological membrane while being used as an adsorption filter material; the aerobic nitration section of the system adopts an intermittent treatment mode of adsorption and conversion, the system is divided into 8 water inlet periods and 16 ventilation periods, firstly mixed sewage uniformly enters the system from the surface layer through a water distribution pipe on the surface layer of the filter material, and the sewage is positively charged NH in the infiltration process between the aerobic filter materials 4 + Ions are adsorbed by the filter materials with negative charges on the surface layers and biological films growing between the filter materials, and after the sewage falls into the facultative denitrification filter materials after the aerobic nitrification filter materials are dried, the low-pressure ventilation and oxygen supply are carried out on the nitrification section through a ventilation pipe between the aerobic nitrification filter materials and the facultative denitrification filter materials to provide oxygen for the nitrification reaction; water distribution is carried out for 3 hours and one period, the time is controlled to be 30 minutes, and the surface load of water inlet is controlled to be 1m 3 /m 2 * d, a step of; and (3) ventilation is carried out for 1.5 hours for a period, the ventilation time is defined by water distribution time, primary air is introduced 1 hour before water distribution, primary air is introduced after water distribution, the period is controlled to be 20 minutes, and the water-vapor ratio is 1:2.
7. The method for treating low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the facultative denitrification biological membrane filter material in the second step consists of 94% of crushed stone with the diameter of 5mm-10mm and 6% of chaff, wherein the crushed stone with the diameter of 5mm-10mm is used as an aerobic nitrification short supporting layer and is used as a main carrier of a denitrification biological membrane; the facultative denitrification section of the system is a water storage layer, sewage passing through the aerobic nitrification layer is downwards infiltrated into the facultative denitrification layer, a carbon source required by denitrification is added through a dosing pipe, the carbon nitrogen ratio is 3.5:1, sewage passing through the aerobic nitrification layer and the carbon source are mixed for more than 2 hours to stay on the denitrification layer for full denitrification reaction, and after the sewage is collected through a water collecting pipe at the bottom of the system and is discharged through a water discharging pipe connected with the sewage collecting pipe, and the water storage level and the stay time of the facultative denitrification layer are regulated and controlled by the height of the water discharging pipe and an electric water discharging valve.
8. The method for treating low carbon nitrogen ratio chemical wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process in the sixth step consists of three-stage nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane systems connected in series.
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| CN110642469A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-03 | 怡灏环境技术有限公司 | Sewage advanced treatment system of low energy consumption |
| CN110790382A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-14 | 吉康宁 | Modularized micro-power equipment for treating rural domestic sewage and method thereof |
| CN110835207A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-25 | 吉康宁 | Small-sized integrated domestic sewage treatment device and sewage treatment method |
| CN112320949B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-12-16 | 江西挺进环保科技股份有限公司 | Nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system for slowly releasing organic carbon source |
| CN112320947B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-12-16 | 江西挺进环保科技股份有限公司 | Self-adjusting simple-structure nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system |
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