CN110103697A - 混合动力***及汽车 - Google Patents

混合动力***及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110103697A
CN110103697A CN201910423802.6A CN201910423802A CN110103697A CN 110103697 A CN110103697 A CN 110103697A CN 201910423802 A CN201910423802 A CN 201910423802A CN 110103697 A CN110103697 A CN 110103697A
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motor
clutch
brake
planetary gear
connect
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张恒先
余学浩
周之光
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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SAIC Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910423802.6A priority Critical patent/CN110103697A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种混合动力***及汽车，属于汽车工程技术领域。该***包括：发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、第一制动器、第二制动器、行星轮系、电机控制器、动力电池和差速器；发动机分别与第一电机的一端和第一离合器的一端连接；行星轮系的第一传动端通过传动轴与第一离合器的另一端传动连接，行星轮系的第二传动端通过传动轴与第二电机的一端传动连接，行星轮系的第三传动端通过传动轴分别与第一制动器、第二离合器和第二制动器传动连接，行星轮系的第四传动端通过传动轴与差速器传动连接；第一电机的另一端与电机控制器的第一端连接，电机控制器的第二端与第二电机的另一端连接，电机控制器的第三端与动力电池连接。

Description

混合动力***及汽车
技术领域
本申请涉及汽车工程技术领域，特别涉及一种混合动力***及汽车。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，汽车的数量越来越多，随着汽车数量的增多，能源消耗问题以及环境污染问题越来越受到人们关注。为了降低能源消耗并减少汽车废气排放，混合动力汽应用而生。混合动力汽车是指车上装有两个以上动力源的汽车，比如，蓄电池、燃料电池、内燃机、电机等等，当前混合动力汽车一般是指动力源为内燃机和电机的汽车。
目前，混合动力汽车的混合动力***的结构主要是基于传统的自动变速箱开发的。具体地，可以在汽车的自动变速箱、序列变速箱、无极变速箱或双离合变速箱等变速箱的前端或者后端集成一个电机，从而构成混合动力汽车的混合动力***。
但是，由于上述混合动力***通常工作模式单一，不能根据实际工况需求进行调节，从而影响节油率，且直接在变速箱的前端或后端集成一个电机，成本较高。另外，当混合动力***出现故障时，混合动力***可能会无法驱动或者动力性较差，进而影响整车动力性。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种混合动力***及汽车，用于解决相关技术中混合动力***成本较高且动力性较差的问题。所述技术方案如下：
一方面，提供了一种混合动力***，所述***包括：发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、第一制动器、第二制动器、行星轮系、电机控制器、动力电池和差速器；
所述发动机分别与所述第一电机的一端和所述第一离合器的一端连接；
所述行星轮系的第一传动端通过传动轴与所述第一离合器的另一端传动连接，所述行星轮系的第二传动端通过传动轴与所述第二电机的一端传动连接，所述行星轮系的第三传动端通过传动轴分别与所述第一制动器、所述第二离合器和所述第二制动器传动连接，所述行星轮系的第四传动端通过传动轴与所述差速器传动连接；
所述第一电机的另一端与所述电机控制器的第一端连接，所述电机控制器的第二端与所述第二电机的另一端连接，所述电机控制器的第三端与所述动力电池连接。
在一些实施例中，所述电机控制器包括逆变器和变压器，所述逆变器与所述变压器集成在一起。
在一些实施例中，所述***还包括第一微控制单元MCU和第二MCU，所述第一MCU与所述第二MCU位于所述电机控制器内；
所述第一MCU与所述逆变器连接，所述第二MCU与所述变压器连接。
在一些实施例中，所述行星轮系包括多个行星轮、行星架、多个齿圈和多个太阳轮；
所述多个行星轮、所述多个齿圈和所述多个太阳轮固定在所述行星架上。
在一些实施例中，所述***还包括电池管理***BMS，所述BMS位于所述动力电池内，且所述BMS用于控制所述动力电池。
在一些实施例中，所述***会包括备用电池，所述备用电池分别与所述动力电池和所述电机控制器连接。
在一些实施例中，所述***还包括备用BMS，所述备用BMS位于所述备用电池内，且所述备用BMS用于控制所述备用电池。
在一些实施例中，所述***还包括车轮，所述车轮与所述差速器连接。
在一些实施例中，所述***支持多种运行模式，所述多种运行模式包括电机驱动纯电动模式、混动串联驱动模式、混动并联驱动模式、发动机单独驱动模式、行车充电模式、再生制动模式，驻车发电模式和发动机直驱倒车模式。
另一方面，提供了一种汽车，所述汽车包括上述一方面提供的混合动力***。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果至少包括：
在本申请实施例中，混合动力汽车的混合动力***包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、第一制动器、第二制动器、行星轮系、电机控制器、动力电池和差速器，该混合动力***可以用发动机和两个电机作为动力源，并且两个电机还能够用于发电，且通过与行星轮系传动连接，以及通过两个制动器和两个离合器共同实现模式的切换和各挡速比，从而使该动力传动***具有独立驱动的能力，提高了传动***的动力性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种混合动力***的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种混合动力***的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的另一种混合动力***的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种混合动力***的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于纯电动模式时的动力传递示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于串联式混动模式时的动力传递示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于并联式混合驱动模式时的动力传递示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于发动机处于直驱模式时的动力传递示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于滑行/制动能量回收模式时的动力传递示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于发动机倒车模式时的动力传递示意图；
附图标记：
1：发动机，2：第一电机，3：第二电机，4：第一离合器，5：第二离合器，6：第一制动器，7：第二制动器，8：行星轮系，9：电机控制器，10：动力电池，11：差速器，12：第一MCU，13：第二MCU，14：BMS，15：备用电池，16：车轮；
81：行星轮，82：行星架，83：齿圈，84：太阳轮84；
91：逆变器，92：变压器。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
在对本申请实施例进行详细的解释说明之前，先对本申请实施例中涉及到的应用场景进行解释说明。
目前，为了降低能源消耗并减少汽车废气排放，混合动力汽车的数量越来越多。其中，混合动力汽车的混合动力***的结构通常是在汽车的自动变速箱、序列自动变速箱、无极变速箱或双离合变速箱等变速箱的前端或者后端集成一个电机。但是，由于上述混合动力***通常工作模式单一，不能根据实际工况需求进行调节，从而影响节油率，且直接在变速箱的前端或后端集成一个电机，成本较高。另外，当混合动力***出现故障时，混合动力***可能会无法驱动或者动力性较差，进而影响整车动力性。
基于这样的场景，本申请实施例提供了一种保证汽车的动力性的混合动力***。
在对本申请实施例的应用场景进行介绍之后，接下来将结合附图对本申请实施例提供的混合动力***进行详细介绍。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种混合动力***的结构示意图，参见图1，该***包括：发动机1、第一电机2、第二电机3、第一离合器4、第二离合器5、第一制动器6、第二制动器7、行星轮系8、电机控制器9、动力电池10和差速器11。
需要说明的是，发动机1分别与第一电机2的一端和第一离合器5的一端连接；行星轮系8的第一传动端通过传动轴与第一离合器4的另一端和发动机1传动连接，行星轮系8的第二传动端通过传动轴与第二电机3的一端传动连接，行星轮系8的第三传动端通过传动轴分别与第一制动器6、第二离合器5和第二制动器7传动连接，行星轮系8的第四传动端通过传动轴与差速器11传动连接；第一电机2的另一端与电机控制器9的第一端连接，电机控制器9的第二端与第二电机3的另一端连接，电机控制器9的第三端与动力电池10连接。
在本申请实施例中，混合动力汽车的混合动力***包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、第一制动器、第二制动器、行星轮系、电机控制器、动力电池和差速器，该混合动力***可以用发动机和两个电机作为动力源，并且两个电机还能够用于发电，且通过与行星轮系传动连接，以及通过两个制动器和两个离合器共同实现模式的切换和各挡速比，从而使该动力传动***具有独立驱动的能力，提高了传动***的动力性。
参见图2，行星轮系8包括多个行星轮81、行星架82、多个齿圈83和多个太阳轮84；多个行星轮81、多个齿圈83和多个太阳轮84可以固定在行星架82上。
需要说明的是，第一电机2与行星轮系8传动连接，也即是，第一电机2的转子与行星轮系8的齿圈83集成在一起，并通过行第一离合器4的分离能够实现第一电机2与发动机1解耦。
参见图2，电机控制器9可以包括逆变器91和变压器92，逆变器91与变压器92集成在一起。
参见图2，该***还包括第一MCU12(Micro controller Unit，微控制单元)和第二MCU13，第一MCU12与第二MCU13位于电机控制器9内；第一MCU12与逆变器91连接，第二MCU13与变压器92连接。
参见图3，该***还包括BMS(BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM，电池管理***)14，BMS14位于动力电池10内，且BMS14用于控制动力电池10。
参见图4，该***会包括发动机1、第一电机2、第二电机3、第一离合器4、第二离合器5、第一制动器6、第二制动器7、行星轮系8、电机控制器9、动力电池10和差速器11，备用电池15分别与动力电池10和电机控制器9连接。
需要说明的是，该***还可以包括备用BMS，备用BMS位于备用电池内，且备用BMS用于控制备用电池，从而在动力电池电源故障或耗尽时，可以控制备用电池进行供电。
参见图4，该***还包括车轮16，车轮16与差速器11连接。
在对本申请实施例提供的混合动力***进行解释说明后，下述将对混合动力***的工作模式进行解释说明。
需要说明的是，混合动力***支持多种运行模式，该多种运行模式包括电机驱动纯电动模式、混动串联驱动模式、混动并联驱动模式、发动机单独驱动模式、行车充电模式、再生制动模式，驻车发电模式和发动机直驱倒车模式。
作为一种示例，图5为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于纯电动模式时的动力传递示意图。当汽车处于纯电动模式时，发动机1不工作，第一离合器3、第二离合器5和第二制动器7均不工作，发动机1和第一电机2与车轮16之间的动力传递切断，第一制动器6闭合，并由第二电机3驱动汽车行驶。动力电池组10放电，经过电机控制器9(逆变器91/变压器92)将直流电转换为三相交流电后驱动第二电机3主轴旋转，第二电机3将电能转换为机械能传递给中间轴，经太阳轮84、行星轮81、行星架82/齿圈83和差速器11传递给车轮16，实现第二电机3单独驱动汽车一挡行驶模式。
同理，当第一离合器4闭合，第一制动器6、第二制动器7和第二离合器5不工作时，第二电机3实现单独驱动汽车二挡行驶模式。
需要说明的是，第二电机2既可以正转也可以反转，正转时汽车前行，反转时实现纯电动模式下的倒车功能。
作为一种示例，图6为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于串联式混动模式时的动力传递示意图。当汽车的运行模式为串联式混动模式(或称为增程模式)时，发动机1不直接参与驱动汽车行驶，汽车可以工作在燃油经济性最好的工况，即驱动第一电机2发电，第一电机2将机械能转换为电能，产生的电能一部分提供给第二电机3，以用来驱动汽车行驶，剩下的一部分经过电机控制器9(逆变器91/变压器92)转换成直流电后存入动力电池组10中备用。第一离合器4、第二离合器5和第二制动器7均不工作，第一制动器6闭合，第二电机3将电能转换为机械能传递给中间轴，经太阳轮84、行星轮81、行星架82/齿圈83和差速器11传递给车轮16，实现第二电机3单独驱动汽车一挡行驶模式。
同理，当第二离合器5结合，第一制动器6、第二制动器7和第一离合器4不工作时，第二电机实现单独驱动汽车二挡行驶模式。当汽车需求的电能大于第一电机2发出的电能时，由动力电池组10补充。
需要说明的是，在动力电池组15电量较低时，可以使用驻车充电功能，在如图2所示工作模式基础上，使电机13不工作，在驻车的工况下起动发动机1，由发动机1驱动电机2进行发电，并通过逆变器/变压器14将电能转换为直流电存入电池组15中，实现了驻车充电功能。
作为一种示例，图7为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于并联式混合驱动模式时的动力传递示意图。当汽车的运行模式为并联式混合驱动模式时，发动机1、第一电机2和第二电机3共同工作，联合驱动汽车行驶，可以输出较大的功率，提高整车动力性。此时，执行器的状态为：第一离合器4和第一制动器6闭合，第二制动器7和第二离合器5不工作。发动机1输出机械能，经第一离合器4，在太阳轮84处与第二电机3的扭矩耦合，再经行星轮81、行星架82/齿圈83和差速器11传递至车轮16，实现三个动力源一挡共同驱动汽车行驶。
同理，当第一离合器3和第二离合器4结合，第一制动器6和第二制动器7均不工作时，实现三个动力源二挡共同驱动汽车行驶。
需要说明的是，在汽车启动并联模式时，可以根据工况需要，使用第一电机2或者第二电机3与发动机1进行联合驱动，实现经济运行模式。
作为一种示例，图8为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于发动机处于直驱模式时的动力传递示意图。当汽车的运行模式为发动机直驱模式时，发动机1工作，而第一电机2和第二电机3不工作，由发动机1提供动力驱动汽车起步和行驶。此时，执行器的状态为：第一离合器4和第一制动器6闭合，第二制动器7和第二离合器5不工作。发动机1输出机械能，第一离合器4、太阳轮84、行星轮81、行星架82/齿圈83和差速器11传递至车轮16，实现发动机1单独驱动汽车一挡行驶，该传递路线是经太阳轮84传递至行星架82的大于2的速比，适用于车轮16的中低速加速工况和高压故障时发动机起步工况。
需要说明的是，在该模式运行过程中，第一电机2一直在空转，可随时转为发电模式，给整车用电设备提供必需的电能及保证动力电池10的电量维持在一定的SOC(荷电状态)。
同理，当第一离合器4和第二离合器5结合，第一制动器6和第二制动器7均不工作时，实现发动机1单独驱动汽车二挡行驶，该模式适用于高速巡航工况，发动机1运行在高效区直驱汽车行驶，运行效率高。
作为一种示例，图9为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于滑行/制动能量回收模式时的动力传递示意图。当汽车的运行模式为滑行/制动能量回收模式时，也即是，当汽车滑行或者制动时，混合动力***给汽车提供反向力矩，将汽车的部分动能经由第二电机3转换为电能，存入动力电池组10中备用。此时，执行器的状态为：汽车运行时因为惯性作用会具有动能，在滑行和制动工况下，第一制动器6结合，第二制动器7、第一离合器4和第二离合器5均不工作，第二电机3开启发电工作模式，发动机1和第一电机2不工作，整车动能通过车轮16、差速器11、行星架82/齿圈83、行星轮81和太阳轮84将动能传递至第二电机3进行发电，电能通过逆变器91/变压器92储存至动力电池组10中，实现第二电机3在一挡的能量回收功能。
需要说明的是，如果汽车运行在高速工况需要滑行/制动时，同理，第二离合器5处于结合状态，第一离合器4、第一制动器6和第二制动器7不工作，第二电机3在二挡进行能量回收。
作为一种示例，图10为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车处于发动机倒车模式时的动力传递示意图。当汽车的运行模式为发动机倒车模式时，即当高压故障导致电机不能工作时，发动机1工作，而第一电机2和第二电机3不工作，由发动机1提供动力驱动汽车实现倒车。此时，执行器的状态为：第一离合器4和第二制动器7结合，第一制动器6和第二离合器5不工作。发动机1输出机械能，第一离合器4、太阳轮84、行星轮81、行星架82/齿圈83和差速器1传递至车轮16，实现发动机单独驱动汽车倒车行驶。
在本申请实施例中，混合动力汽车的混合动力***包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、第一制动器、第二制动器、行星轮系、电机控制器、动力电池和差速器，该混合动力***可以用发动机和两个电机作为动力源，并且两个电机还能够用于发电，且通过与行星轮系传动连接，以及通过两个制动器和两个离合器共同实现模式的切换和各挡速比，从而使该动力传动***具有独立驱动的能力，提高了传动***的动力性。
本申请实施例提供了一种汽车，该汽车包括上述图1-图4任一所述的混合动力***。
在本申请实施例中，由于汽车可以包括具有独立驱动性的混合动力***，从而汽车在通过混合动力***进行驱动时，优化了发动机的工作区间，提高了节油率及混合动力***的动力性。
本领域技术人员可以理解，图1-4中示出的结构并不构成对混合动力***的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的组件，或者组合某些组件，或者采用不同的组件布置。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种混合动力***，其特征在于，所述***包括：发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、第一制动器、第二制动器、行星轮系、电机控制器、动力电池和差速器；
所述发动机分别与所述第一电机的一端和所述第一离合器的一端连接；
所述行星轮系的第一传动端通过传动轴与所述第一离合器的另一端传动连接，所述行星轮系的第二传动端通过传动轴与所述第二电机的一端传动连接，所述行星轮系的第三传动端通过传动轴分别与所述第一制动器、所述第二离合器和所述第二制动器传动连接，所述行星轮系的第四传动端通过传动轴与所述差速器传动连接；
所述第一电机的另一端与所述电机控制器的第一端连接，所述电机控制器的第二端与所述第二电机的另一端连接，所述电机控制器的第三端与所述动力电池连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于，所述电机控制器包括逆变器和变压器，所述逆变器与所述变压器集成在一起。
3.如权利要求2所述的***，其特征在于，所述***还包括第一微控制单元MCU和第二MCU，所述第一MCU与所述第二MCU位于所述电机控制器内；
所述第一MCU与所述逆变器连接，所述第二MCU与所述变压器连接。
4.如权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于，所述行星轮系包括多个行星轮、行星架、多个齿圈和多个太阳轮；
所述多个行星轮、所述多个齿圈和所述多个太阳轮固定在所述行星架上。
5.如权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于，所述***还包括电池管理***BMS，所述BMS位于所述动力电池内，且所述BMS用于控制所述动力电池。
6.如权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于，所述***会包括备用电池，所述备用电池分别与所述动力电池和所述电机控制器连接。
7.如权利要求6所述的***，其特征在于，所述***还包括备用BMS，所述备用BMS位于所述备用电池内，且所述备用BMS用于控制所述备用电池。
8.如权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于，所述***还包括车轮，所述车轮与所述差速器连接。
9.如权利要求1-8任一权利要求所述的***，其特征在于，所述***支持多种运行模式，所述多种运行模式包括电机驱动纯电动模式、混动串联驱动模式、混动并联驱动模式、发动机单独驱动模式、行车充电模式、再生制动模式，驻车发电模式和发动机直驱倒车模式。
10.一种汽车，其特征在于，所述汽车包括如权利要求1-9任一权利要求所述的混合动力***。
CN201910423802.6A 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 混合动力***及汽车 Pending CN110103697A (zh)

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