CN110095398B - Device and method for measuring porosity by using magnetofluid - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring porosity by using magnetofluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095398B CN110095398B CN201910368596.3A CN201910368596A CN110095398B CN 110095398 B CN110095398 B CN 110095398B CN 201910368596 A CN201910368596 A CN 201910368596A CN 110095398 B CN110095398 B CN 110095398B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
- G01N15/0893—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry by measuring weight or volume of sorbed fluid, e.g. B.E.T. method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0813—Measuring intrusion, e.g. of mercury
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
A device for measuring porosity by utilizing magnetic fluid comprises a closed box body, wherein the bottom of the closed box body is connected with a magnetic fluid collecting groove body, a magnetic fluid collecting channel is arranged at the bottom of the closed box body, the closed box body is communicated with the magnetic fluid collecting groove body through the magnetic fluid collecting channel, an air exhaust channel and a magnetic fluid filling channel are arranged on one side wall of the closed box body, and magnet mounting grooves are respectively arranged on four side walls on the closed box body; the closed box body is a transparent box body, and the magnetic fluid collecting groove body is a transparent groove body. The device and the method for measuring the porosity by using the magnetofluid can solve the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy, and have the advantages of flexible measurement range, small damage to soil body and accurate measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring porosity by utilizing magnetic fluid.
Background
The soil porosity refers to the ratio of the parts except the space occupied by solids in the soil in the whole, the porosity is related to the soil type, texture and organic matter content, and has a crucial influence on the foundation of engineering, and three traditional methods for measuring the soil porosity are provided, namely an air pressure specific gravity method, a water absorption method and a volume-weighted transformation algorithm, which are specifically as follows:
firstly, an air pressure specific gravity method: after a soil sample is selected by a standard cutting ring, the soil sample is placed in a drying box at 105 ℃ for 24 hours, then the soil sample is sent into an air bag of a barometer for air suction, and the difference between the air suction and the atmospheric pressure is directly displayed in a glass tube communicating vessel and can be converted into porosity.
II, a water absorption method: firstly, taking sample soil by using a cutting ring, placing the sample soil and the cutting ring in a container containing water, soaking the sample soil and the cutting ring for 24 hours at a water level not higher than the height of the cutting ring, weighing, then placing the sample soil in an oven at 105 ℃ for 24 hours, and drying the soil sample and weighing again to obtain the volume saturation water content. Since the specific gravity of water is 1, the volume saturation water content is theoretically directly equal to the porosity. However, the original state of the soil is damaged to a certain extent in the soil sample selection process by using tools such as a cutting ring and the like, the measurement period is long, the real-time performance is poor, and the accuracy of the test result is affected.
And thirdly, a volume replacement algorithm: namely, the porosity is (1-soil volume weight/soil particle density) multiplied by 100 percent; the method is labor-consuming and time-consuming in determining the density of the soil grains.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, poor accuracy, flexible measurement range, small damage to soil body and accurate measurement result by providing the device and the method for measuring the porosity by utilizing the magnetic fluid.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a device for measuring porosity by utilizing magnetic fluid comprises a sealed box body, wherein the bottom of the sealed box body is connected with a magnetic fluid collecting groove body, a magnetic fluid collecting channel is arranged at the bottom of the sealed box body, the sealed box body is communicated with the magnetic fluid collecting groove body through the magnetic fluid collecting channel, an air exhaust channel and a magnetic fluid filling channel are arranged on one side wall of the sealed box body, and magnet mounting grooves are respectively formed in four side walls of the sealed box body.
The closed box body is a transparent box body, and the magnetic fluid collecting groove body is a transparent groove body.
A method of porosity measurement using the above apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: communicating an air extraction device with an air extraction channel, and placing the soil sample block in the closed box body;
step 2: starting an air extractor to enable the sealed box body to be in a vacuum state;
and step 3: weighing the weight of the soil sample block in a vacuum state;
and 4, step 4: filling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the soil sample block through the magnetic fluid filling channel, weighing the soil sample block again after the hydrophilic magnetic fluid is immersed into the soil sample block to obtain the weight difference delta W of the soil sample block, and setting the density of the magnetic fluid as rhocThe porosity of the soil is ═ delta W/rhoc。
A method of porosity measurement using the above apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step 2: communicating an air extraction device with an air extraction channel, placing the soil sample block in a closed box body, enabling the direction to be measured to be consistent with the direction of the pore channel of the magnetic fluid filling channel, and respectively filling electromagnets into the four magnet mounting grooves;
and step 3: starting an air extractor to enable the sealed box body to be in a vacuum state;
and 4, step 4: filling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the closed box body through the magnetic fluid filling channel, simultaneously starting the electromagnets on the opposite sides B of the magnetic fluid filling channel, and filling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the measuring direction of the soil sample block by utilizing magnetic force;
step 6: after the excessive hydrophilic magnetic fluid is discharged through the holes, the electromagnet on the opposite side B of the channel is started to charge the magnetic fluid, the hydrophilic magnetic fluid is attracted again, and the volume V of the attracted hydrophilic magnetic fluid isgFor through volume, measure volume V with measuring cylinderg；
And 7: the electromagnet on the opening side A of the magnetic fluid filling channel is opened, the magnetic fluid is attracted on the opening side A of the magnetic fluid filling channel, and the volume extracted is a non-through volume VfMeasuring volume V with measuring cylinderf；
And 8: the pore volume V in the AB directionv＝Vg+VfThen the porosity of the soil in that direction n ═ Vv/V。
The hydrophilic magnetic fluid is a magnetic fluid made of hydrophilic substances for carrying liquid.
A method of porosity measurement using the above apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: putting a soil sample into a closed box body;
step 2: an electron beam emitter is arranged on one side wall of the closed box body, and an electron receiving screen matched with the electron beam emitter is arranged outside the other side wall of the closed box body;
and step 3: the electron beam emitter is turned on to emit an electron beam, which is received by the electron receiving screen, and the darker the electron beam, the smaller the pores of the soil on the path through which the electron beam passes.
The device and the method for measuring the porosity by utilizing the magnetic fluid provided by the invention firstly propose the measurement of the porosity by utilizing the magnetic fluid, compared with the traditional measurement method, the device and the method for measuring the porosity by utilizing the magnetic fluid have the advantages that the area for measuring the porosity is flexible, the porosity of one point can be measured, the porosity of one surface can also be measured, the measurement range is flexible, and the damage to a soil body is small; the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy can be solved, the measurement range is flexible, the damage to the soil body is small, and the measurement result is accurate.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention, which is also a schematic view of the third embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a device for measuring porosity by using magnetic fluid comprises a sealed box body 1, wherein the bottom of the sealed box body 1 is connected with a magnetic fluid collecting groove body 9, the bottom of the sealed box body 1 is provided with a magnetic fluid collecting channel 5, the sealed box body 1 is communicated with the magnetic fluid collecting groove body 9 through the magnetic fluid collecting channel 5, one side wall of the sealed box body 1 is provided with an air exhaust channel 3 and a magnetic fluid filling channel 4, and four side walls on the sealed box body 1 are respectively provided with a magnet mounting groove 6.
The closed box body 1 is a transparent box body, and the magnetic fluid collecting groove body 9 is a transparent groove body.
Example two (quantitative measurement of porosity)
A method of porosity measurement using the above apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: communicating an air extractor with an air extraction channel 3, and placing a soil sample block in the closed box body 1;
step 2: starting an air extractor to enable the closed box body 1 to be in a vacuum state;
and step 3: weighing the weight of the soil sample block in a vacuum state;
and 4, step 4: filling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the soil sample block through the magnetic fluid filling channel 4, weighing the soil sample block again after the hydrophilic magnetic fluid is immersed into the soil sample block to obtain the weight difference delta W of the soil sample block, and setting the density of the magnetic fluid as rhocThe porosity of the soil is ═ delta W/rhoc。
EXAMPLE three (quantitative measurement of porosity)
As shown in fig. 1, a method for porosity measurement using the above-described apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step 2: communicating an air extractor with an air extraction channel 3, placing a soil sample block in a closed box body 1, enabling the direction to be detected to be consistent with the direction of a pore channel of a magnetic fluid filling channel 4, and respectively installing electromagnets into four magnet installation grooves 6;
and step 3: starting an air extractor to enable the closed box body 1 to be in a vacuum state;
and 4, step 4: filling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the closed box body 1 through the magnetic fluid filling channel 4, simultaneously starting the electromagnets on the opposite sides B of the magnetic fluid filling channel 4, and filling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the measuring direction of the soil sample block by utilizing magnetic force;
step 6: after the excessive hydrophilic magnetic fluid is discharged through the holes 5, the electromagnet on the opposite side B of the magnetic fluid filling channel 4 is opened again to start to attract the hydrophilic magnetic fluid again, and the volume V of the attracted hydrophilic magnetic fluidgFor through volume, measure volume V with measuring cylinderg；
And 7: the electromagnet on the opening side A of the magnetic fluid filling channel 4 is started, the opening side A of the magnetic fluid filling channel 4 is attracted, and the volume extracted is the non-through volume VfMeasuring volume V with measuring cylinderf；
And 8: the pore volume V in the AB directionv＝Vg+VfThen the porosity of the soil in that direction n ═ Vv/V。
Hydrophilic magnetic fluid as carrier liquid hydrophilic substances such as: modified fiber, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.
EXAMPLE four (qualitative measurement of porosity)
As shown in fig. 2, a method for porosity measurement using the above-described apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: putting a soil sample into a closed box body 1;
step 2: an electron beam emitter 10 is arranged on one side wall of the closed box body 1, and an electron receiving screen 11 matched with the electron beam emitter 10 is arranged outside the other side wall of the closed box body 1;
and step 3: the electron beam emitter 10 is turned on to emit an electron beam, which is received by the electron receiving screen 11, the darker the electron beam, and the smaller the soil porosity in the path traversed by the electron beam.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for measuring porosity by using a device for measuring porosity by using magnetic fluid comprises a closed box body (1), wherein the bottom of the closed box body (1) is connected with a magnetic fluid collecting groove body (9), the bottom of the closed box body (1) is provided with a magnetic fluid collecting channel (5), the closed box body (1) is communicated with the magnetic fluid collecting groove body (9) through the magnetic fluid collecting channel (5), one side wall of the closed box body (1) is provided with an air exhaust channel (3) and a magnetic fluid filling channel (4), and four side walls on the closed box body (1) are respectively provided with a magnet mounting groove (6);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing the volume V of a soil sample block;
step 2: communicating an air extractor with an air extraction channel (3), placing a soil sample block in a closed box body (1), enabling the direction to be detected to be consistent with the pore channel direction of a magnetic fluid filling channel (4), and respectively filling electromagnets into four magnet mounting grooves (6);
and step 3: starting an air extractor to enable the closed box body (1) to be in a vacuum state;
and 4, step 4: filling hydrophilic magnetic fluid into the closed box body (1) through the magnetic fluid filling channel (4), simultaneously starting electromagnets on the opposite sides (B) of the magnetic fluid filling channel (4), and enabling the hydrophilic magnetic fluid to fill the measuring direction of the soil sample block by utilizing magnetic force;
step 5, stopping supplying the hydrophilic magnetic fluid after the redundant magnetic fluid cannot be filled into the closed box body (1), namely the hydrophilic magnetic fluid flowing out of the opposite side (B) of the magnetic fluid filling channel (4) is stable;
step 6: after the redundant hydrophilic magnetic fluid is discharged through the magnetic fluid collecting channel (5), the electromagnet on the opposite side (B) of the magnetic fluid filling channel (4) is started to start to attract the hydrophilic magnetic fluid again, and the volume V of the attracted hydrophilic magnetic fluid isgFor through volume, measure volume V with measuring cylinderg；
And 7: the electromagnet on the opening side (A) of the magnetic fluid filling channel (4) is started, the opening side (A) of the magnetic fluid filling channel (4) is attracted, and the volume extracted is the non-through volume VfMeasuring volume V with measuring cylinderf；
And 8: the pore volume V in the AB directionv= Vg+VfThen the porosity of the soil in that direction n = Vv/V。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the closed box body (1) is a transparent box body, and the magnetic fluid collection groove body (9) is a transparent groove body.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the hydrophilic magnetic fluid is a magnetic fluid made of hydrophilic substances for carrying liquid.
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| JP3414767B2 (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 2003-06-09 | 科学技術振興事業団 | Wood material with magnetic properties |
| CN101819129B (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-06-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Testing method of external permeability of fiber fabric surface and testing mold |
| CN202583040U (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-12-05 | 王春泽 | Rock ore porosity measuring instrument |
| CN102879312B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-06-17 | 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Method capable of continuously monitoring change of porosity of porous material and detecting porosity value |
| CN106248547A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-21 | 山东科技大学 | The assay method of water-permeable cement concrete dead-end pore rate |
| CN106323840A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-01-11 | 西南石油大学 | Shale porosity measurement method |
| CN206479226U (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-09-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of rock sample volume analyzer |
| CN107643243B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2023-05-02 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for measuring porosity distribution of pervious concrete |
| CN108760604A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of liquid water open porosity test method of bamboo wood |
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Application publication date: 20190806 Assignee: Hongchuang (Yichang) Architectural Design Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980031470 Denomination of invention: Device and method for measuring porosity using magnetic fluid Granted publication date: 20210810 License type: Common License Record date: 20230116 |
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Assignee: Hongchuang (Yichang) Architectural Design Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980031470 Date of cancellation: 20230721 |