CN110095326A - Vertical pre- perforating system and pre-firing hole forming method in the drilling of cube protolith sample - Google Patents
Vertical pre- perforating system and pre-firing hole forming method in the drilling of cube protolith sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095326A CN110095326A CN201910347489.2A CN201910347489A CN110095326A CN 110095326 A CN110095326 A CN 110095326A CN 201910347489 A CN201910347489 A CN 201910347489A CN 110095326 A CN110095326 A CN 110095326A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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Abstract
It include basic platform, pneumatic drill, specimen holder, Pneumatic controller and apparatus for adjusting position the invention discloses vertical pre- perforating system in a kind of drilling of cube protolith sample and pre-firing hole forming method, pre- perforating system；Pneumatic drill and specimen holder pass through tool and connect there are three axially adjustable apparatus for adjusting position with basic platform；Pneumatic drill is connected with pressure gas source by Pneumatic controller；Pneumatic drill includes the rod-shaped minitype pneumatic machine and right-angle steering transmission device that cross section is less than sample middle through-hole section, and pneumatic drill passes through the output end outputting rotary power of right-angle steering transmission device, and has the diamond cutter mounting structure of drilling and correction of the flank shape.Processing method is implemented based on pre- perforating system.The invention has the advantages that apparatus structure is simple, compact layout, it is convenient for perforating application, can sufficiently meets the pre- perforation requirement of former stone sample；Processing method technical process is reasonable, easy to operate, high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to unconventional oil and gas to exploit analogue technique, and specifically a kind of cube protolith sample drilling is interior vertical pre-
Perforating system and pre-firing hole forming method.
Background technique
Field is utilized in unconventional oil and gas exploitation and geothermal energy resources, as the exploitation of clay shale with low permeability oil, clay shale with low permeability gas are opened
It adopts, the hypotonic coal-bed gas exploitation in deep, deep hot dry rock exploitation etc. is in engineering practices, fluid (water, carbon dioxide, overcritical dioxy
Change carbon, nitrogen etc.) fracturing technique is as the essential important reservoir anatonosis technology of these reservoirs exploitation exploitation, in recent years
Come by industry extensive concern.
In fact, only for hydraulic fracturing technology, scholars to the fluid structurecoupling behavioral study during it by
Gradually in maturation, meanwhile, the expanded configuration in crack, seam net spread are natural by reservoir in more and more research discovery fracturing process
Heterogeneous influence is huge, these are found to be further research and bring opportunity, simultaneously as current natural heterogeneity monitoring skill
The limitation of art, these discoveries also bring challenge for current research and simulation.It is influenced and hydraulic fracture phase for reservoir
The research of mutual coverage, scene have started the exploration from individual well pressure break, more well pressure breaks, more well multistage pressure breaks, in work progress
Often will form the fracturing fracture network of more clusters, different perforation spacing result in different fracture network cluster spacing, meanwhile, it is different
It will form between fracture network under cluster spacing and interfered between stitching, pressure break exploitation effect is influenced huge.However in physical test side
Face, since sample preparation difficulty is big, consumptive material is high, and this kind of research is mostly carried out in a manner of numerical simulation and theory deduction etc., rare using small
Scale test specimen goes the research of simulation.Therefore, the fracture simulation sample for testing scale, and the horizontal well simulated in it are made
Interior arrangement perforation is very necessary to simulate multistage crushing test.
In the recovery process of multistage pressure break, the different arrangement modes pair of the pre- perforation such as different orientations, different well spacing
Pressure break exploitation effect influences huge.In order to realize efficient exploitation, need to be generated using multilevel well multistage fracturing technique it is intensive and
Expand drainage area perpendicular to a plurality of raphe transection of pit shaft.But there is specific log data to show have in actual production
30% even more perforation race does not contribute yield.In experiment scale, to simulate influence of the multistage pressure break to rock sample,
It is frequently necessary to the pre- perforation of rock sample bore inner progress has been processed, to study different perforation arrangement mode fractures
Interference and the influence of fracturing effect etc. between crack initiation, extension, the fracture network structure of formation, seam.During the experiment, different
Perforation arrangement mode will have a direct impact on the accuracy of the crack initiation in initial crack, the experiment effect of extension and experiment, so in pressure break
It is very stringent to the required precision of prefabricated perforation in rock sample drilling in the research of experiment.
Crack initiation and scaling problem for horizontal well multistage fracturing fracture have had a large amount of scholars to carry out relevant theory
Research, but lack accurate direct Physical Experiment and it is verified.And a kind of vertical well used in actual engineering is fixed
It is that prefabricated perforation is carried out using the principle that priming impacts to perforating technology, although this method is answered in actual production
With, but still existing defects.And it can not apply in actual Physical Experiment.
Either during pressure break field test still pressure break Physical Experiment research in, can all encounter in the borehole wall
On the problem of arranging vertical perforation in advance, but since the diameter of the experiment simulation borehole wall is typically small, and the pre- perforation in its sample
The required precision of arrangement is higher, this also results in the difficulty that perforation is arranged in fracturing experiments.Existing large scale fracturing experiments are adopted
Sample is sample made of 300mm × 300mm × 300mm cube analog material.It is real to be currently used in more well multistage pressure breaks
The rock sample tested mostly uses the prefabricated perforation of analog material, differs huge with true rock lithology, and in simulation operating condition
There are larger differences.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is made aiming in multistage fracturing experiments in the prior art of simulation analog material
The deficiency of sample provides a kind of interior vertical pre- perforating system of cube protolith sample drilling, to pass through this device in protolith sample
Pre- perforation production is carried out in drilling, to solve protolith sample production difficult problem.The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of base
In the protolith sample production method that pre- perforation producing device is implemented, to obtain protolith sample by this method, to obtain more
Crushing test result close to scene creates conditions.
To realize that the first purpose, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that.
Vertical pre- perforating system in a kind of drilling of cube protolith sample, including basic platform, pneumatic drill, specimen holder,
Pneumatic controller and apparatus for adjusting position；The pneumatic drill and specimen holder pass through apparatus for adjusting position and the basis is flat
Platform connection；The specimen holder can be located to horizontal transverse movement on the basic platform；The pneumatic drill is in can vertical lifting
It with horizontally vertically moving is located above the basic platform；The pneumatic drill is also connected with pressure by the Pneumatic controller
Gas source；Pneumatic drill includes the rod-shaped minitype pneumatic machine that cross section is less than sample middle through-hole section, and the output end of minitype pneumatic machine connects
It is connected to right-angle steering transmission device, the shell of the shell and minitype pneumatic machine of right-angle steering transmission device is relatively fixed, and right angle turns
To the power intake of transmission device and the output axis connection of minitype pneumatic machine, the output end of right-angle steering transmission device, which is constituted, to be bored
Bar, drilling rod front end are equipped with diamond cutter clamping and use axle sleeve.
Using the present invention of preceding solution, protolith sample can be fixed by specimen holder, and be adjusted by position
Device carries out the adjusting of horizontal cross position, and pneumatic drill can realize that lifting and lengthwise position are adjusted, and are passed through by apparatus for adjusting position
Three axial positions of apparatus for adjusting position are adjusted, and the adjusting and correction of pneumatic drill Yu protolith sample position may be implemented, can also benefit
The drilling driving of pre- perforation is carried out with apparatus for adjusting position.Wherein, the adjusting of any axial position can be used manually or power drives
It is dynamic, such as manual actuation and the motor driving of feed screw nut pair drive mechanism, it is equipped with when being driven using motor in the prior art
Industrial control technology may be implemented semi-automatically, or automatically to control.Since sample generallys use positive six face cube structure, lead to
The clamping again for crossing sample exchange direction and specimen holder can change pre- perforation phase；Specimen holder device can also be by turning
Disk setting changes pre- perforation phase by turntable rotation.Using the present invention, sample is fixed on by base by specimen holder first
On plinth platform, then, sample is carried out by apparatus for adjusting position and pneumatic drill relative position, bore position are adjusted；Recycle air pressure
The pre-firing hole drilling that the gentle drilling of control device is gone perpendicular to sample drilling axis, the feeding of pre-firing hole drilling can be adjusted by position
Device is implemented.Since pre-firing hole drill spot facing cutter uses diamond cutter, it can easily and efficiently be formed on protolith sample
Pre- perforation.Wherein, diamond cutter may include drill bit and grinding machine head, and after carrying out pre-firing hole drilling with drill bit, mill also can be used
Head is cut to be modified.When needing to change pre- perforation phase, sample direction is exchanged, specimen holder again clamping is passed through.Thus can
With realize phase angle be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree, i.e., the pre- perforation in forward direction orientation vertical with four prismatic surfaces of hexahedron
Processing, can also realize and the inclined arbitrary phase angle pre-firing hole machined of four prismatic surfaces of hexahedron.
Preferably, the apparatus for adjusting position is made of lifting device, horizontal shift device and sample shift unit: pneumatic drill
Vertical lifting and horizontal length travel control are carried out by lifting device and horizontal shift device, horizontal shift device is located at lifting dress
It sets, specimen holder is located on sample shift unit；The lifting device and the sample shift unit are each provided at the base
On plinth platform；The lifting device, horizontal shift device and sample shift unit pass through corresponding feed screw nut's auxiliary driving respectively
Structure realizes that position is adjusted；It is additionally provided on the horizontal shift device and drilling driving and drilling depth control is carried out to the pneumatic drill
Drilling loading unit.It is adjusted with the position for carrying out three axial directions by corresponding device and corresponding feed screw nut, San Zheke
Using manually adjusting, to simplify structure, manufacturing cost is reduced；And it can be after the completion of position be adjusted, by creeping into loading unit
Drilling stroke control is carried out, is easy to implement pre- perforating drill into automation.
It is further preferred that being equipped with graduated scale on the lifting device and horizontal shift device.To pass through graduated scale
Regulating effect and expected regulated quantity are measured, control is conveniently manually adjusted.
It is further preferred that the drilling loading unit includes accumulation energy type driving element, blocking element and limiting device, storage
Energy type driving element is for pneumatic drill drilling driving, and blocking element is for driving minitype pneumatic machine locking, and limiting device is for pneumatic drill
Creep into stroke control.Accumulation energy type driving includes spring or energy storage cylinder, can be crept into using pneumatic drill gas source using energy storage cylinder
Driving, before drilling, pneumatic drill is in lockup state under blocking element effect, and after blocking element unlock, pneumatic drill is in accumulation energy type
Driving element acts on lower auto-feed, stops until being limited device, reaches design drilling depth, to reach simplified structure
Wherein, blocking element can be made of purpose locking screws such as milled screws；Limiting device is by fixed stop or is adjusted by the thread
The active block stop of position is constituted.Energy storage cylinder refers to the cylinder for pushing piston to stretch out by cylinder cylinder storage compressed gas；In gas
Under the piston rod lockup state of cylinder, after inflating into cylinder and reaching certain pressure, compressed gas deposit is in cylinder, to piston rod
When unlock, the compressed gas of storage pushes piston rod to stretch out, and with the stretching of gas piston rod, gas storage space is gradually increased in cylinder,
Pressure gradually decreases, it is known that when piston rod upper piston ring pressure at two ends is equal or piston rod is prevented from, piston rod stops.
It is fixed it is further preferred that the minitype pneumatic machine covers installation by pneumatic motor, pneumatic motor set is fixedly connected on water
On translational shifting device, pneumatic motor, which covers, is equipped with rubber pad between inner wall and minitype pneumatic machine outer wall, pneumatic motor set is set by screw hole
There is top to hold the screw of fixed minitype pneumatic machine.Rubber pad can effectively absorb the vibration of pneumatic drill, it is ensured that pre- perforation has smooth table
Face quality, meanwhile, facilitate the maintenance of minitype pneumatic machine, maintenance and replacement.
Preferably, the diamond cutter is made of the drill bit and grinding machine head of the diamond material that diameter is 1mm~5mm；
Grinding machine head is in round bar shape grinding wheel structure, and drill bit and grinding machine head are connect by axle sleeve and Micro screw with drilling rod in the way of selecting one；
Drill bit is used for pre-firing hole drilling, and grinding machine head is to for modifying to having bored pre- perforation cross sectional shape.To be adapted to different pore size
Pre- perforation, while, it can be achieved that first drill, then the technique requirement of reconditioning hole wall, it is ensured that pre- perforation diameter, form error and coarse
Degree requires.
Preferably, the right-angle steering transmission device includes two in perpendicular shape bevel gears of axis, two bevel gears point
It is not mounted on input shaft and drilling rod and is fixed by pin shaft, input shaft and drilling rod pass through corresponding rolling bearing respectively and be located at directly
On the shell of angle steering transmission linkage, the input terminal of input shaft form right angle steering transmission linkage, input shaft and minitype pneumatic machine
Output shaft connected by the synchronous rotation that torque transfer arrangement forms equal revolving speeds.To form right-angle steering by simple structure
Power transmission, meet and form vertical pre- perforation requirement on sample borehole wall, to reduce manufacturing cost and use cost.
Preferably, the Pneumatic controller includes the air injection pipe connecting with the pneumatic drill, on the supply air line of air injection pipe
It is successively arranged water filter, pressure regulator valve, filter and oil syringe, water filter lower end is equipped with drain valve.To be formed dry, clean and had
There is the compressed air of lubricant mist, it is ensured that drilling machine normal operation, and effectively prolong the service life.
To realize that the second purpose, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that.
A kind of interior vertical pre-firing hole forming method of cube protolith sample drilling, it is real based on realization first invention destination device
It applies, includes the following steps:
The first step determines the perforation diameter of perforation vertical in cube original stone sample middle through-hole, and chooses same straight
The diamond cutter of diameter, and fixed by drilling rod clamping；
Cube protolith sample is fixed on specimen holder in the way of the middle through-hole axis vertical of sample by second step
On, and pass through the position of apparatus for adjusting position coarse adjustment sample；
Third step adjusts pneumatic drill height and horizontal position by apparatus for adjusting position, makes the central axis of minitype pneumatic machine
It is overlapped with the central axis of middle through-hole on sample, and diamond cutter is higher than the upper surface of sample；
4th step, by apparatus for adjusting position to the opposite position of middle through-hole on diamond cutter and cube protolith sample
It sets and is corrected, contact the nose tip of diamond cutter with the middle through-hole hole wall on cube protolith sample；In height
On direction, diamond cutter axis is located just on cube protolith sample in plane；
Pneumatic drill is adjusted to quasi- by apparatus for adjusting position and bores pre- perforation setting height by the 5th step, and as pre- perforating drill
Into starting point；
6th step, starting pneumatic drill carry out pre- perforating drill into until retracting to pre- perforating drill into starting point simultaneously after drilling depth
Stop boring；
7th step repeats the 5th step and the 6th step, same phase in middle through-hole on completion cube protolith sample
The pre- perforation of different height；Cube protolith sample phase is exchanged by specimen holder, repeats the 5th step and the 6th step,
Successively carry out the pre- perforation driller of remaining phase in the middle through-hole of cube protolith sample；Alternatively, passing through specimen holder tune
Cube protolith sample phase is changed, the 5th step and the 6th step are repeated, successively carries out the middle through-hole of cube protolith sample
In multiple phase different heights pre- perforation driller.
Specimen holder is passed through based on the implementation of first invention destination device is realized using the present invention of aforementioned schemes first
Sample is fixed on basic platform, then, sample and pneumatic drill relative position, bore position tune are carried out by apparatus for adjusting position
Section；Recycle pre-firing hole drilling of the gentle drilling row of Pneumatic controller perpendicular to sample drilling axis, the feeding of pre-firing hole drilling
It can be implemented by apparatus for adjusting position.Since pre-firing hole drill spot facing cutter uses diamond cutter, can quickly and easily it exist
Pre- perforation is formed on protolith sample.Wherein, diamond cutter preferably includes drill bit and grinding machine head, is carrying out pre- perforating drill with drill bit
Kong Hou also can be used grinding machine head and be modified.When needing to change pre- perforation phase, exchanges specimen clamping direction and pass through sample holder
Think highly of new clamping.
Preferably, selected diamond cutter is drill bit in the first step, and the 4th step to diamond cutter with
During the relative position of middle through-hole is corrected on cube protolith sample, the tip of drill bit constitutes diamond cutter
Front end；And retract to drilling starting point and after stopping brill in the pneumatic drill of the 6th step, drill bit is promoted to above cube protolith sample,
Then, the 5th step and the 6th step is repeated to modify the pre-firing pore cross section shape；And it is promoted to after rollback pneumatic drill again
Above cube protolith sample, grinding machine head is finally changed to drill bit, executes the driller that the 7th step carries out next pre- perforation；Or
Person retracts to drilling starting point and after stopping brill in the pneumatic drill of the 6th step, executes the 7th step, the institute on completing cube original stone sample
After having pre- perforation driller, then drill bit is promoted to above cube protolith sample, is then grinding machine head by bit change-over；Repetition is held
Row the 5th step to the 7th step, to complete all pre- perforation finishings on cube original stone sample.It can thus be conveniently accomplished same
The processing of multiple pre- perforations on the different height of the former multiple phases of stone sample.
Preferably, the sample position in second step is adjusted is adjusted by the sample shift unit of apparatus for adjusting position.This
Sample can be observed by artificial eye to carry out laterally being defined as X-direction preliminary corrections, protrudes into sample drilling in diamond cutter
Afterwards, it is manually further corrected, the sample shift unit for coarse adjustment can be not provided with graduated scale, be conducive to simplify structure, drop
Low cost.
Preferably, in the pneumatic drill height and horizontal position adjustment process of third step, pass through apparatus for adjusting position respectively
Lifting device and horizontal shift device are implemented.To realize that vertical direction is defined as Z-direction and longitudinal tune for being defined as Y direction
Section；For the accuracy for ensuring pre-firing hole machined position, it is corrected using corresponding graduated scale.
In the corrected to the relative position of diamond cutter and middle through-hole on cube protolith sample of the 4th step
In the process, comprehensive adjustment is carried out by the lifting device of apparatus for adjusting position, horizontal shift device and sample shift unit.To fill
Divide and realizes integrated calibration using each adjustment structure.
The invention has the following advantages: perforating system is pre- using minitype pneumatic machine and right-angle steering transmission arrangements
Perforation can be drilled by pressure control pressure in the interior progress perforation of protolith drilling, perforation, avoid rock fracture in dynamic indentation work
With reducing destruction of the perforating process to protolith, the effective protection integrality of rock sample；It is controlled using shift unit
Perforating depth and position improve the accurate control to pre- perforating site and hole depth.Compared with prior art, have below excellent
Point and good effect.
(1) part preparation is simple, can be obtained by existing related equipment components combination and the assembly of corresponding precision component
?.
(2) rotary power is provided using minitype pneumatic machine, can satisfy the required rotary power of prefabricated perforation in small duct,
And the gas that its exhaust outlet sprays is conducive to cooling drill bit or grinding machine head front end, can reduce damage of the drilling to grinding machine head is bored.
(3) boring pressure is controlled using energy storage cylinder component, active force gradually decreases in drilling process, drilling pressure also with
Reduction, can guarantee the integrality of rock sample in boring procedure.
(4) pre- perforation driller displacement two is controlled by drilling loading unit, it is ensured that perforating depth precision.
(5) perforation of different pore size is arranged by replacing different diamond cutters.
(6) by right-angle steering transmission device, it can solve the right-angle steering problem realized and encountered when drilling interior perforation.
(7) can be in the interior prefabricated perforation of 300mm × 300mm × 300mm cube protolith drilling, perforation diameter is in 1mm
Between~5mm, perforating depth is about between 0~5mm.
(8) the brill grinding out method combined using drill bit and grinding machine head, can guarantee each section consistency of bored perforation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the specimen holder structural representation axonometric drawing in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the right-angle steering transmission device schematic diagram in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the partial structure diagram of pneumatic drill.
The figures above is also used to illustrate the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings, and embodiment is exemplary, and is only used for disclosing and explain
Therefore the present invention to fully understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention within the scope of the embodiment described.
Embodiment 1, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of interior vertical pre- perforating system of cube protolith sample drilling, packet
Include basic platform 1, pneumatic drill, specimen holder 8, Pneumatic controller 7 and apparatus for adjusting position；The pneumatic drill and specimen holder
8 are connect by apparatus for adjusting position with the basic platform 1；The specimen holder 8 can be located to horizontal transverse movement institute
It states on basic platform 1；The pneumatic drill in vertical lifting and being located at 1 top of the basic platform in which horizontally vertically move；It is described
Pneumatic drill also passes through the Pneumatic controller 7 and is connected with pressure gas source；Pneumatic drill includes that cross section is less than former stone sample middle through-hole
The rod-shaped minitype pneumatic machine 2 in section, the output end of minitype pneumatic machine 2 are connected with right-angle steering transmission device 3, right-angle steering transmission
The shell of device 3 forms relatively fixed, right-angle steering transmission device after connecting with the shell of minitype pneumatic machine 2 by link block 10
The output shaft of 3 power intake and minitype pneumatic machine 2, the output end of right-angle steering transmission device 3 constitute drilling rod 5, before drilling rod 5
End is equipped with the clamping of diamond cutter 6 and uses axle sleeve.
Wherein, the apparatus for adjusting position is made of lifting device 91, horizontal shift device 92 and sample shift unit 93:
Pneumatic drill carries out vertical lifting by lifting device 91 and horizontal shift device 92 and horizontal length travel controls, horizontal shift device 92
It is located on lifting device 91, specimen holder 8 is located on sample shift unit 93；The lifting device 91 and sample displacement
Device 93 is each provided on the basic platform 1；The lifting device 91, horizontal shift device 92 and sample shift unit 93 are distinguished
Realize that position is adjusted by corresponding feed screw nut pair drive mechanism；It is additionally provided on the horizontal shift device 92 to the pneumatic drill
Carry out the drilling loading unit of drilling driving and drilling depth control.Quarter is equipped on lifting device 91 and horizontal shift device 92
The graduated scale of anale settting scale, lifting device 91 is arranged in such a way that number from top to bottom is gradually increased.Wherein, loading unit packet is crept into
Accumulation energy type driving element, blocking element and limiting device are included, blocking element is for driving minitype pneumatic machine locking, accumulation energy type driving
Element is for pneumatic drill drilling driving, and limiting device is for pneumatic drill drilling stroke control；Limiting device is by fixed stop or passes through spiral shell
The active block stop of line adjusting position is constituted；Blocking element can be made of locking screws such as milled screws；Accumulation energy type driving element by
Energy storage cylinder or spring are constituted.
Minitype pneumatic machine 2, which covers installation by pneumatic motor, to be fixed, and pneumatic motor set is fixedly connected on horizontal shift device 92, gas
Motivation is covered equipped with rubber pad between inner wall and 2 outer wall of minitype pneumatic machine, and pneumatic motor set is held by screw hole equipped with top fixed miniature
The screw of pneumatic motor 2.Diamond cutter 6 is made of the drill bit and grinding machine head of the diamond material that diameter is 1mm~5mm；Grinding
Head is in round bar shape grinding wheel structure, and drill bit and grinding machine head are connect by axle sleeve and Micro screw with drilling rod 5 in the way of selecting one；Drill bit
For pre-firing hole drilling, grinding machine head is to for modifying to having bored pre- perforation cross sectional shape.Right-angle steering transmission device 3 includes
The in perpendicular shape bevel gear of two axis, two bevel gears are separately mounted to fix on input shaft 4 and drilling rod 5 and by pin shaft,
Input shaft 4 and drilling rod 5 are located on the shell of right-angle steering transmission device respectively by corresponding rolling bearing, input shaft 4 with it is micro-
The output shaft of type pneumatic motor 2 is connected by the synchronous rotation that torque transfer arrangement forms equal revolving speeds, and 4 form right angle of input shaft turns to
The input terminal of transmission device.Wherein, torque transfer arrangement includes polygon prism hole fit structure, manifold and flat recess cooperation knot
Structure；Crosshead and cross recess fit structure；Cylindroid and elliptical aperture fit structure etc..Pneumatic controller 7 includes and the gas
The air injection pipe 75 of connection is bored, is successively arranged water filter 72, pressure regulator valve, filter 73 and oil syringe on the supply air line of air injection pipe 75
74,72 lower end of water filter is equipped with drain valve 71.Specimen holder 8 includes bottom plate 81, and erectting on bottom plate 81 has form right angle distribution
Two pieces of positioning plates 82, two pieces of 82 opposites of positioning plate are respectively equipped with movably pressing plate 83, and pressing plate 83 is active to be connected to compression
Screw distal end, clamping screw are screwed on screw bolt seat 84, and clamping screw proximal end is equipped with handle 85；The bottom plate 81 is fixedly connected on
On the revolving member of turntable 24, turntable 24 is fixedly connected on the mobile member of sample shift unit 93.
Wherein, pneumatic motor set is movably arranged on sliding block 21 by guide rail auxiliary structure, and sliding block 21 is filled by horizontal shift
92 carry out lengthwise position adjustings are set, the energy storage cylinder 22 for constituting accumulation energy type driving element, energy storage cylinder 22 are additionally provided on sliding block 21
Piston rod be connected on minitype pneumatic machine 2, sliding block 21 is equipped with the stop screw 23 for constituting limiting device, and for constituting
The milled screw or locking screw of blocking element, wherein energy storage cylinder inflates energy storage before driller, driller in place after, it is reversed to inflate
Return manually pushes return；Minitype pneumatic machine 2 directlys adopt minitype pneumatic machine commodity in the market, and a diameter of 20mm's is micro-
Type pneumatic motor (4) provides rotary power, minitype pneumatic machine (4) no-load speed are as follows: 0~10000 (rpm), starting torque are as follows:
0.3NM (n*m), braking torque are as follows: 0.3NM (n*m), reduction ratio are as follows: 1: 1 maximum power are as follows: 0.15-1.2 (Kw), maximum power
When air consumption are as follows: 32L/s, torque when maximum power are as follows: 305.6NM (n*m).
In the present embodiment, sample shift unit 93 may also set up graduated scale；Spring substitution can also be used in energy storage cylinder 22,
When using spring, driller in place after, manually push and pull return；Stop screw 23 can also be using fixed limited block substitution, with limit
Position screw 23, which is compared, is disadvantageous in that driller's stroke is unadjustable.
Embodiment 2, in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of interior vertical pre-firing hole machined side of cube protolith sample drilling
Method, the device based on embodiment 1 are implemented, are included the following steps:
The first step determines the perforation diameter of perforation vertical in cube original stone sample middle through-hole, and chooses same straight
Drill bit in the diamond cutter 6 of diameter, and drill bit is fixed on drilling rod 5 by clamping；
The good middle part of pre-production is formed with through-hole in the way of the middle through-hole axis vertical of sample by second step
300mm × 300mm × 300mm cube protolith sample 11 is fixed on specimen holder 8, and passes through apparatus for adjusting position coarse adjustment
The position of sample moves the central axis of middle through-hole on cube protolith sample 11 generally within the axle center of minitype pneumatic machine 2
On dynamic path；
Third step adjusts pneumatic drill height and horizontal position by apparatus for adjusting position, makes the central axis of minitype pneumatic machine 2
It is essentially coincided with the central axis of middle through-hole on cube protolith sample 11, and the drill bit of diamond cutter 6 is higher than sample
Upper surface；
4th step passes through lifting device 91, horizontal shift device 92 and the sample shift unit 93 in apparatus for adjusting position
Comprehensive adjustment is carried out, the relative position to drill on diamond cutter 6 and cube protolith sample 11 is corrected, diamond is made
The chisel edge tip of cutter 6 is contacted with the middle through-hole hole wall on cube protolith sample 11, and records horizontal shift at this time
The scale value Y of device 920；In the height direction, 6 axis of diamond cutter is located just on cube protolith sample in plane,
And the altitude information of lifting device 91 at this time is denoted as Z0；
5th step bores pre- perforation using plane on cube protolith sample 11 to quasi- brill pre- perforation center vertical range as quasi-
Setting height Zi, pneumatic drill is adjusted to quasi- by the lifting device 91 in apparatus for adjusting position and bores pre- perforation setting height, at this point,
Pneumatic drill is located at Z0+ZiPosition, and as pre- perforating drill into starting point；
6th step, starting pneumatic drill is carried out pre- perforation and is crept into using drill bit, until retracting after drilling depth to pre- perforation
Drilling starting point simultaneously stops boring；
7th step repeats the 5th step and the 6th step, is sequentially completed on cube protolith sample 11 0 ° in middle through-hole
The pre- perforation of the different height of phase；By specimen holder 8 exchange 11 phase of cube protolith sample, repeat the 5th step and
6th step successively carries out the different height of 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° its excess-three phases in the middle through-hole of cube protolith sample
Pre- perforation driller.
Wherein, further include the steps that modifying pre-firing pore cross section shape；The finishing of pre-firing pore cross section is held according to the following steps
Row: drill bit is promoted to above cube protolith sample by S11 after the completion of any pre-firing hole driller, and is mill by bit change-over
Cut head；S12 repeats the 5th step and the 6th step and modifies to the pre-firing pore cross section shape；It is promoted to after S13 rollback pneumatic drill
11 top of cube protolith sample；Grinding machine head is changed to drill bit by S14.
Sample position in second step is adjusted to be adjusted by the sample shift unit 93 of apparatus for adjusting position；In third step
Pneumatic drill height and horizontal position adjustment process in, respectively by the lifting device 91 and horizontal shift device of apparatus for adjusting position
92 implement；In the corrected to diamond cutter 6 and the relative position of middle through-hole on cube protolith sample of the 4th step
In the process, comprehensive tune is carried out by the lifting device of apparatus for adjusting position 91, horizontal shift device 92 and sample shift unit 93
Section.
When exchanging cube protolith 11 phase of sample, filled again by converting 11 phase of cube protolith sample
Folder；Alternatively, the revolving member by rotation turntable 24 is carried out to setting phase.
In the present embodiment, pre-firing axially bored line is parallel to six face cuboid sample upper and lower end faces, and crosses the perpendicular of pre-firing axially bored line
Straight plane is with the either side of six face cuboid samples at parallel or vertical；Described 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° of phases refer to
On the middle through-hole axis of cube protolith sample is some origin, perpendicular to six face cube protolith sample either sides
Pre-firing axially bored line on point be starting point, the phase angle of the point is 0 °, is respectively perpendicular to the pre-firing hole axle of its excess-three side
The phase angle put on line is followed successively by 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° counterclockwise.
When the phase of pre- perforation is not a phase angle among 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, such pre- perforation is determined
Justice is oblique pre- perforation.When carrying out oblique pre-firing hole machined using this method, the tune of respective phase angle is carried out by turntable 24
It is whole.The fixed disk of corresponding turntable 24 is equipped with angle scale, and the revolving member of turntable 24 is equipped with angle indicator.
Vertical pre-firing hole forming method in embodiment 3, a kind of drilling of cube protolith sample, this method and embodiment 2
Distinctive points are that the finishing of pre-firing pore cross section executes according to the following steps: S21 middle through-hole on the cube protolith sample 11 of the 7th step
In any same phase the pre- perforation of different height after the completion of, drill bit is promoted to above cube protolith sample, and by drill bit
It is changed to grinding machine head；S22 repeats the 5th step and the 6th step to the different height pre-firing pore cross section shape of same phase successively
It is modified；11 top of cube protolith sample is promoted to after S23 rollback pneumatic drill, in case next group of pre- perforation driller, such as next
A phase or next test specimen.
Embodiment 4, a kind of interior vertical pre-firing hole forming method of cube protolith sample drilling, this method and embodiment 2
Distinctive points are in step 7, to exchange 11 phase of cube protolith sample by specimen holder 8 first, repeat execution the 5th
It is same successively to carry out 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° its excess-three phases in the middle through-hole of cube protolith sample 11 for step and the 6th step
Then the pre- perforation driller of height repeats abovementioned steps, carry out height adjustment and/or phase adjustment, and complete different height
Degree and the pre- perforation driller of out of phase.
Wherein, pre-firing pore cross section finishing executes according to the following steps: S31 mentions drill bit after the completion of any pre-firing hole driller
It rises to above cube protolith sample, and is grinding machine head by bit change-over；S32 repeats the 5th step and the 6th step to the pre-firing
Pore cross section shape is modified；11 top of cube protolith sample is promoted to after S13 rollback pneumatic drill；Grinding machine head is changed to by S34
Drill bit, in case next pre- perforation driller.
Embodiment 5, a kind of interior vertical pre-firing hole forming method of cube protolith sample drilling, this method and embodiment 4
Distinctive points are that the finishing of pre-firing pore cross section executes according to the following steps: drill bit is promoted to vertical by S41 after the completion of all pre- perforation drillers
It above cube protolith sample, and is grinding machine head by bit change-over；S42 repeats the 5th step and the 6th step successively to different phases
Position, different height pre-firing pore cross section shape modified.It is processed for convenience of next test specimen, after can also carry out S43 rollback pneumatic drill
It is promoted to 11 top of cube protolith sample.
In the present embodiment, the finishing of pre-firing pore cross section can also execute according to the following steps: S51 is in sustained height out of phase pre-firing
After the completion of the driller of hole, drill bit is promoted to above cube protolith sample, and is grinding machine head by bit change-over；S52 is repeated
The step of 5th step, the 6th step and exchange cube protolith 11 phase of sample, to the pre-firing pore cross section of sustained height, out of phase
Shape is modified；11 top of cube protolith sample is promoted to after S53 rollback pneumatic drill；Grinding machine head is changed to drill bit by S34, with
The standby pre- perforation driller for carrying out next sustained height, out of phase；Alternatively, the pre- perforation driller of next test specimen.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. vertical pre- perforating system in a kind of drilling of cube protolith sample, it is characterised in that: including basic platform (1), pneumatic drill,
Specimen holder (8), Pneumatic controller (7) and apparatus for adjusting position；The pneumatic drill and specimen holder (8) pass through position
Regulating device is connect with the basic platform (1)；It is flat that the specimen holder (8) can be located to horizontal transverse movement the basis
On platform (1)；The pneumatic drill in vertical lifting and being located above the basic platform (1) in which horizontally vertically move；The pneumatic drill
Also pressure gas source is connected with by the Pneumatic controller (7)；Pneumatic drill includes that cross section is less than sample middle through-hole section
Rod-shaped minitype pneumatic machine (2), the output end of minitype pneumatic machine (2) are connected with right-angle steering transmission device (3), right-angle steering transmission
The shell of device (3) and the shell of minitype pneumatic machine (2) are relatively fixed, the power intake of right-angle steering transmission device (3) with
The output end of the output axis connection of minitype pneumatic machine (2), right-angle steering transmission device (3) constitutes drilling rod (5), drilling rod (5) front end
Axle sleeve is used equipped with diamond cutter (6) clamping.
2. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute's rheme
Set regulating device to be made of lifting device (91), horizontal shift device (92) and sample shift unit (93): pneumatic drill is filled by lifting
It sets (91) and horizontal shift device (92) carries out vertical lifting and horizontal length travel control, horizontal shift device (92) is located at liter
On falling unit (91), specimen holder (8) is located on sample shift unit (93)；The lifting device (91) and the sample move
Position device (93) is each provided on the basic platform (1)；The lifting device (91), horizontal shift device (92) and sample displacement
Device (93) realizes that position is adjusted by corresponding feed screw nut pair drive mechanism respectively；On the horizontal shift device (92) also
Equipped with the drilling loading unit for carrying out drilling driving and drilling depth control to the pneumatic drill.
3. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the liter
Graduated scale is equipped on falling unit (91) and horizontal shift device (92).
4. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the brill
It include accumulation energy type driving element, blocking element and limiting device into loading unit, accumulation energy type driving element is driven for pneumatic drill drilling
Dynamic, blocking element is for driving minitype pneumatic machine locking, and limiting device is for pneumatic drill drilling stroke control.
5. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described micro-
Type pneumatic motor (2), which covers installation by pneumatic motor, to be fixed, and pneumatic motor set is fixedly connected on horizontal shift device (92), pneumatic motor set
Rubber pad is equipped between inner wall and minitype pneumatic machine (2) outer wall, pneumatic motor set is equipped with top by screw hole and holds fixed minitype pneumatic
The screw of machine (2).
6. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gold
Hard rock cutter (6) is made of the drill bit and grinding machine head of the diamond material that diameter is 1mm~5mm；Grinding machine head is in round bar shape grinding wheel
Structure, drill bit and grinding machine head are connect by axle sleeve and Micro screw with drilling rod (5) in the way of selecting one；Drill bit is used for pre- perforating drill
Hole, grinding machine head is to for modifying to having bored pre- perforation cross sectional shape.
7. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described straight
Angle steering transmission linkage (3) includes two in perpendicular shape bevel gears of axis, two bevel gears be separately mounted to input shaft (4) and
It is fixed on drilling rod (5) and by pin shaft, input shaft (4) and drilling rod (5) are located at right-angle steering by corresponding rolling bearing respectively
On the shell of transmission device, the input terminal of input shaft (4) form right angle steering transmission linkage (3), input shaft and minitype pneumatic machine
Output shaft connected by the synchronous rotation that torque transfer arrangement forms equal revolving speeds.
8. vertical pre- perforating system in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gas
Pressure control device (7) includes the air injection pipe (75) connecting with the pneumatic drill, is successively arranged filter on the supply air line of air injection pipe (75)
Hydrophone (72), pressure regulator valve, filter (73) and oil syringe (74), water filter (72) lower end are equipped with drain valve (71).
9. vertical pre-firing hole forming method in a kind of cube protolith sample drilling, which is characterized in that be based on claim 1~8
Any one of described device implement, include the following steps:
The first step, determines the perforation diameter of perforation vertical in cube original stone sample middle through-hole, and chooses equivalent diameter
Diamond cutter (6), and fixed by drilling rod (5) clamping；
Cube protolith sample is fixed on specimen holder (8) in the way of the middle through-hole axis vertical of sample by second step
On, and pass through the position of apparatus for adjusting position coarse adjustment sample；
Third step adjusts pneumatic drill height and horizontal position by apparatus for adjusting position, make the central axis of minitype pneumatic machine (2) with
The central axis of middle through-hole is overlapped on sample, and diamond cutter (6) is higher than the upper surface of sample；
4th step, by apparatus for adjusting position to the opposite position of middle through-hole on diamond cutter (6) and cube protolith sample
It sets and is corrected, contact the nose tip of diamond cutter (6) with the middle through-hole hole wall on cube protolith sample；In height
It spends on direction, diamond cutter (6) axis is located just on cube protolith sample in plane；
Pneumatic drill is adjusted to quasi- by apparatus for adjusting position and bores pre- perforation setting height by the 5th step, and as pre- perforating drill into rising
Initial point；
6th step, starting pneumatic drill carry out pre- perforating drill into until rollback to pre- perforating drill into starting point and stops boring after drilling depth；
7th step, repeats the 5th step and the 6th step, completes on cube protolith sample in middle through-hole same phase not
With the pre- perforation of height；Cube protolith sample phase is exchanged by specimen holder (8), repeats and executes the 5th step and the 6th
Step successively carries out the pre- perforation driller of remaining phase in the middle through-hole of cube protolith sample；Alternatively, passing through specimen holder
(8) cube protolith sample phase is exchanged, the 5th step and the 6th step are repeated, successively carries out the middle part of cube protolith sample
The pre- perforation driller of multiple phase different heights in through-hole.
10. vertical pre-firing hole forming method in cube protolith sample drilling according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
Selected diamond cutter (6) is drill bit in the first step, and in the 4th step to diamond cutter (6) and cube protolith
During the relative position of middle through-hole is corrected on sample, the tip of drill bit constitutes the front end of diamond cutter (6)；And
In the next steps, after completing the pre- perforation driller on cube original stone sample, then drill bit is promoted to cube protolith and is tried
It is grinding machine head by bit change-over above sample, and completes pre- perforation finishing on cube original stone sample.
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| CN201910347489.2A CN110095326B (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Vertical pre-perforation device in cubic original rock sample drilling hole and pre-perforation processing method |
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| CN201910347489.2A CN110095326B (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Vertical pre-perforation device in cubic original rock sample drilling hole and pre-perforation processing method |
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| CN110095326B (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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